ʻ squpala hina - rodent nani a nani hoʻi. Kūleʻa nā squirrels ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, he mea leʻaleʻa ke nānā aku iā lākou. I nā pāka o ke kūlanakauhale, hoʻokokoke lākou i kahi kanaka a mālama i ka lima mai kā lākou lima, ʻo ka pīpī hoʻi. Hoʻolālā ka nānā ʻana i ka protein i ka hoʻomaha a me ka hōʻoluʻolu koʻikoʻi i nā kānaka o kēia au.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: ʻUmiʻu hina
Ua hele mai iā mākou i ʻEulopa mai ka ʻAkau ʻAkau ʻo ʻAmelika ʻo ka hikina a ʻo Caroline hina squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis). Ua hoʻolauna mua ʻia kēia mau squirrels i nā mokupuni Pelekane i ka waena o ke kenekulia 19. Ma ka liʻuliʻu, hoʻolaha kēia ʻano i nā mea a pau o ʻEulopa a me Lūkia, i loaʻa i nā ululāʻau, nā pāka, nā mea kanu, i nā taiga Lūkia a me nā wahi ululāʻau.
Ua kapa ʻia nā kūpuna o ka squirrel hina Iscbyromyides, a laila ua lilo i sciurides, a noho ma ʻAmelika Hema ma kahi o 40 miliona mau makahiki i hala. Mai kēia ʻano i hele mai nā rodents o kēia manawa, nā squirrels ground, ʻAmelika, nā lele lele Kepani a me nā ʻīlio prairie. ʻO ka lā hou "Common squirrel" Sciurus vulgaris ma kahi o 3 miliona mau makahiki.
Video: Pākuʻi hina
Ma ke ʻano he mau holoholona, ua mahi ʻia nā squirrels mai nā lā o Roma Kahiko. I loko o nā kaʻao, nā kaʻao a me nā kaʻao o India a me Kelemania, he wahi kūikawā ko ka squirrel. ʻO kahi laʻana, i ke akua Kelemania ʻo Donar i manaʻo he squirrel he holoholona laʻa, mahalo i kahi kapa huluhulu ahi. A i loko o nā kaʻao India, he mana ko ka squirrel e hoʻokahe i ke kai holoʻokoʻa me kāna huelo.
ʻO ka inoa "squirrel" i ka unuhi mai ka ʻōlelo Helene "ke aka, ka huelo", he kūpono loa ia no kēia holoholona laka a ʻeleu e neʻe ana e like me ka uila, a waiho wale i ke aka no ka huelo fluffy. I ka Lākina, like ke kani o ka hina hina me Gray Squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis). I nā moʻolelo Lūkini kahiko, ua kapa ʻia ka protein ma ke ʻano he "veksha".
Ua kōkua ʻia ka hoʻolaha ākea e ka nele o nā predator e ʻimi iā lākou e like me ʻAmelika Hema. ʻOi aku ke anuanu ma ʻEulopa, ʻohana ka hoʻoilo, no laila hana hou nā holoholona a komo i nā ʻāina hou. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka squirrel hikina (hina) ma nā ʻāina āpau koe wale nō ʻo Australia a me nā ʻāina me ke aniau Mediterranean.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Manu ʻūlū hina holoholona
He kino loloa a muscular ko ka squirrel hina, nā wāwae pōkole me nā māiʻuʻu lōʻihi, a ʻaʻohe kālena ma nā wēlau o nā pepeiao, ʻokoʻa ka squirrel ʻulaʻula. ʻElima mau manamana wāwae o nā wāwae hope, a ʻehā wale nō nā wāwae o mua, kahi e kōkua ai iā ia e lele wikiwiki mai kekahi lālā a kekahi lālā. ʻO nā maiuu lōʻihi e ʻae iā ia e paʻa paʻa a ʻaʻole e hina mai kahi kiʻekiʻe loa o ka lāʻau.
ʻO ke kaupaona o kahi mākua ma kahi o 1000 g, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 32 knm, ʻoi aku ka nui a me ka hakakā ma mua o kā lākou congeners - squirrels ʻulaʻula. I kēia manawa, ua aneane lākou e hoʻokuke iā lākou mai ko lākou wahi maoli. ʻO ke kala mai ka lehu māmā a i ka hina ʻeleʻele, a keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū, ma nā paws he kala gula a me ʻulaʻula. Ma waho, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i kahi kāne mai ka wahine, ʻano like nā holoholona.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻa: ʻO ka huelo lōʻihi he 2/3 o kona lōʻihi o ke kino a kōkua iā ia e lele i kahi mamao. He pale ka huelo mai ke anuanu, ka wela a kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaulike. ʻO ka lele o ʻeono - mika ʻaʻole palena iki o nā hiki kino o ka ʻāhinahina hina. I ka hoʻoilo a me ke kauwela, hoʻolei ka squirrel a hoʻololi ke kapa hulu.
Hoʻomākaukau no ka hoʻoilo, ʻai nui ka protein, hōʻiliʻili i ka momona, pili i ke kau, ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o ka hulu a mehana. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka nui o kahi squirrel ma kahi o ʻelima mau makahiki, ola kekahi poʻe a ʻumikūmālua mau makahiki, akā i ka pio wale nō. Ma nā ʻĀkau o ka ʻākau, kahi i ʻoi aku ai ke koʻikoʻi, noho liʻiliʻi nā squirrels, nui ka poʻe i make i ke anuanu a me ka maʻi.
ʻEleu loa ka ʻāhinahina hina, neʻe mau i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai. He maka nunui a ākea hoʻi kona, no ko lākou wahi ma ka waha o ka waha, he ākea ke nānā aku o ka holoholona, no laila ʻike pono ʻo ia i ka makaʻu. Ma muli o kona hulu nani, lilo ka squirrel i mea no ka hopu holoholona a me ka lawaiʻa ʻana. Mahalo nui ʻia ka hulu o nā holoholona ʻōpio.
Ma hea e noho ai ka squirrel hina?
Kiʻi: Pākuʻi hina
Ma ke ʻano he hale noho, makemake ka squirrel e noho i loko o nā ulu lāʻau a i ʻole coniferous, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi me kahi wahi nui. Hiki i hoʻokahi squirrel ke uhi i kahi ma kahi o 4 hectares. Manaʻo maikaʻi ʻo ia i loko o kahi āpana o ke aniau. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa ma nā wahi pālahalaha a me nā wao akua, pale lākou i nā wahi ākea.
Ma ka ʻili o ka honua, hopohopo ka pīpī i ka hopohopo, no laila, i ke kani iki ʻana, holo ʻo ia i nā lāʻau. Ma ke ʻano he home, koho ʻo ka squirrel hina i kahi lua a i ʻole kahi pūnana manu i haʻalele ʻia. Inā ʻaʻohe wahi kūpono, a laila hiki iā ia ke kūkulu i kahi pūnana ʻano hāmama, i ka ʻōkana i nā lālā. I nā māla a i ʻole nā pāka, hiki iā ia ke noho i kahi hale manu.
I nā manawa wela o ka lā, makemake ʻo ia e hiamoe i kahi pūnana anuanu, a i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi e loaʻa iā lākou ka meaʻai. Hōʻalo ka ʻāhinahina hina i ka lā pololei a me ka maʻū. He holoholona diurnal kēia, hana wale i nā hola o ke ao. Noho ka nui o nā squirrels i kahi poʻe e hānai pinepine iā lākou i nā mea hānai kūikawā.
He aha ka ʻai a ka squirrel hina?
Kiʻi: Pākuʻi hina ma Lūkia
ʻO ka squirrel hina no nā omnivores, e like me ka nui o nā rodents.
ʻO kā lākou papaʻai nui:
nā nati;
nā ʻanoʻano like ʻole;
huaʻai;
nā wana o nā lāʻau ʻōpio;
na anoano kone;
nā mea kolo;
ʻākala;
nā ʻāpala
I ka wā o ka moʻo ʻana, hoʻonui ka pono o ka protein, no laila hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i ka rana, nā hua, a i kahi keiki ʻōpio paha. Inā kū ka wī, lilo ka squirrel i pest: ʻai ʻo ia i ka ʻili a me nā wana o nā lāʻau ʻōpio, e kōkua ana i ko lākou make. Inā he mau māla me ka palaoa, kulina ma kahi kokoke, ʻeli ʻia nā puʻupuʻu mai ka lepo. ʻOiai hoʻoweliweli ʻia nā moena pua, hiki i nā squirrels ke ʻahaʻaina i nā pua ke ʻume ʻia lākou e ke ʻala onaona o ka nectar.
No ka wā hoʻoilo, hana ka squirrel hina i nā mālama no ka hoʻoilo. Aia ke ola o ka protein i ke kau anuanu i kā lākou helu. Hūnā lākou i kā lākou mālama i waena o nā lālā, kanu iā lākou ma kahi kokoke i nā aʻa o nā kumulāʻau, a peʻe i loko o nā lua o nā kumulāʻau. ʻO kēia nā ʻano hua, nā hua maloʻo, nā ʻanoʻano, nā ʻoka. Inā loaʻa i kekahi kona cache ma mua, ʻaʻole e ola ka squirrel i ka hoʻoilo paʻakikī.
He hoʻomanaʻo maikaʻi nā squirrels no nā cache, akā i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻi no lākou a pēlā e hāʻawi ai i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā ʻanoʻano. Pēlā e ʻike ʻia ai nā ulu piha o nā ʻoka a me nā maples, mahalo i ka poina o ka nalu. ʻOkoʻa ka calorie o ka protein i pili i ka wā: i ka hoʻoilo e ʻai ia ma kahi o 80 gram o ka meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā, a i ke kauwela a hiki i 40 gram.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Grey American Squirrel
He hoʻomanaʻo maikaʻi ko ka squirrel hina, he makaʻala a akahele, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻano akamai o nā rodents. Eia nō naʻe, poina pinepine iā ia i kāna mau ʻūlili me nā lako, nā mea i ʻike ʻia e nā meheu ʻē aʻe a ʻai pū me ka leʻaleʻa. I nā pāka, he nui nā squirrels e lawe i ka meaʻai mai nā lima kanaka, akā ʻo nā ʻōpio wale nō ka hoʻohina piha.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: E akahele ʻoe i ka wā e launa pū ai me nā squirrels hina, he lawe lākou i ka puʻupuʻu, kahi mea weliweli i nā kānaka. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā protein iā lākou iho. Inā weliweli ka squirrel, hiki iā ia ke nahu me ka ʻehaʻeha ka hoa paio, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā niho ʻoiʻoi a me ka ʻuʻu ʻana me nā māiʻuʻu.
He niho ikaika a olakino hoʻi ko ka squirrel. Ke ulu nei kāna mau incisors i loko o kona ola, no laila hoʻoholo ka poʻe loea i kona mau makahiki e kona mau niho. ʻUwi ʻo ia i ka pūpū ikaika o nā nati me nā incisors. Aia nā molara ma ka hope o ka waha. Inā haki ka niho o kahi squirrel, a ulu kekahi mea hou ma kona wahi. ʻO kēia kona ʻokoʻa nui mai ka hapanui o nā māmela.
ʻAʻole ʻike ka squirrel hina pehea e hōʻiliʻili ai i nā mālama nui o ka ikehu, ʻaʻole ia e hele i ka hibernation, no laila pono ia e loaʻa i ka meaʻai i nā manawa he nui i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO kēia kona nāwaliwali a me nāwaliwali, no ka mea hiki i ka hapa nui o nā mea hānai manu ke hele me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai no ka manawa lōʻihi. I ka pōloli nui, hiki i ka protein ke ʻai i nā iwi o nā holoholona liʻiliʻi i make.
ʻO ka squirrel hina kahi mehameha. ʻAʻole ikaika ʻo ia i nā hoalauna, akā hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e hōʻalo i nā ʻohana. Hōʻike ʻia ka huhū i nā ʻohana i ka wā rutting wale nō. Kamaʻilio pū ʻo ia me kona poʻe hoahānau, e hana ana i nā leo pokole henehene, a me ke kōkua o kona huelo, hōʻike ka squirrel i kona huhū a i ʻole ka huhū. ʻEleu kona ʻano nohona, kona mau manawa kūʻokoʻa āpau e lele lele i kēlā me kēia lālā.
I ka wā o ka makaʻu nui ia e "paʻipaʻi", e hōʻike ana i ka moku āpau e pili ana iā ia. Hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e hōʻalo i nā wahi pohopoho, pulu, he holoholona hilahila loa a makaʻala hoʻi, makaʻu i ka hekili, kani walaʻau. ʻO ka squirrel hina, ʻokoʻa ka ʻulaʻula, ʻaʻole makaʻu iki i ka wai, ʻauʻau maikaʻi inā he pono a weliweli paha i ke ola.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: holoholona ʻāhiu hina
Hānau ka squirrel hina i ʻōpio i ʻelua a ʻekolu mau manawa o ka makahiki. Ua oʻo makua ka wahine i ka makahiki o kona ola. Hoʻomaka ka wela me kahi puna mehana. Hoʻomaka ka leo leʻaleʻa o nā kāne i ka wahine, alualu iā ia a pāʻani i ka hopu no nā lā he nui. I ka wā o ka rut, 3-4 mau kāne e hoʻomaka i ka pili aloha a puni ka wahine. Hoʻopiʻi ka maka i nā kāne ma ke kāomi ʻana i kā lākou mau wāwae a me ka chomping nui ʻana.
Ma hope o ka nui o nā hakakā, koe nā kāne kāne ikaika a ikaika hoʻi, ka mea i lilo i makua kāne o kāna keiki. Ma hope o ka male ʻana, hana nā kāne i nā māka ma ka ʻāina, a hoʻomaka ka wahine e kūkulu i nā pūnana i ka manawa hoʻokahi. I loko o lākou, hoʻomoe ʻo ia i kahi moena lumo palupalu, e palekana ana a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi ka pūnana.
ʻO ke kumu o ka pūnana i hana ʻia me ka pālolo me ka lepo no ka paʻa mau. He kumu nui ko ka pūnana a me kahi puka kūloko i mea e weliweli ai hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻalele maʻalahi i ka pūnana. ʻO ka hāpai ʻana o kahi squirrel hina a 38 mau lā. Hānau ʻia nā squirrels makapō, ʻōhule a me ka kōkua ʻole, kokoke mau ka makuahine iā lākou a hānai i kāna waiū i kēlā me kēia 3-4 mau hola.
ʻO ka maʻamau hānau ʻia he ʻekolu a he ʻumi mau squirrels, akā koe wale nō kekahi mau mea i ola mai ka ʻohana. Wehe ko lākou mau maka i 2-3 mau pule mai ka wā hānau. Make ka hapa nui i ka hoihoi, hāʻule wale i waho o ka pūnana, hāʻule i nā mea ʻaihue.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa: He makuahine mālama nui ke kōkō hina. Inā ulu ka ʻūlea a i ʻole nā parasite ʻē aʻe i ka pūnana, hoʻololi ia i nā keiki i kahi pūnana ʻē aʻe.
Kūʻokoʻa nā squirrels ma hope o ka pule ʻeiwa, haʻalele lākou i ka pūnana a hoʻomaka i kā lākou iho meaʻai ponoʻī. I ka manawa like, noho lākou no kekahi manawa i ka pūnana me ko lākou makuahine.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o nā squirrels hina
Kiʻi: Rodent squirrel hina
ʻAʻohe o ko mākou ʻenemi he nui, nāna e wehewehe i ka heluna wikiwiki o ʻEulopa, e like me nā rodents ʻē aʻe. Mālama lākou i ka wikiwiki o ka neʻe, lohe maikaʻi a me ka hopena maikaʻi loa. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hopu wale i kahi squirrel ma ka honua, kahi e hoʻolōʻihi ai i ka manawa liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, lilo ia i mea alualu ʻia i nā alopeke a me nā ʻīlio hae, nāna e kiaʻi hoʻomanawanui i kā lākou mea pio. Ma nā lāʻau, martens, nā pōpoki hihiu a me ka lynx e ʻimi ai iā ia.
Ma nā wahi ākea, he mea maʻalahi ia no nā manu manu lele: ʻaeto, falcon a me ka lupe. Hiki ke huki ʻia nā squirrels liʻiliʻi mai ka pūnana mai e kahi moa a i ʻole he pōpoki kūloko maʻamau. I loko o nā hanauna, ua hoʻomohala ka squirrel hina i kāna hoʻolālā ola ponoʻī. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻoiai e holo ana i luna a i lalo a i loko o kahi ʻōwili, paʻakikī loa i nā manu lele e hopu i kā lākou mea pio. A me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lālā lahilahi no ka neʻe, holo maʻalahi ka squirrel hina mai ka marten.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka protein hina (Caroline) i ʻAmelika.
- coyote;
- ʻalopeke hina;
- nā ʻīlio hihiu ʻōpio;
- ʻaeto;
- ʻaeto ʻaeto;
- pueo;
- ʻAmelika marten;
- piranhas;
- puma;
- ʻalalā.
E like me kāu e ʻike ai mai ka papa inoa, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hapalua o kēia mau mea ʻaihue e hele ʻole ana i ʻEulopa, kahi i hoʻopili koke i ka heluna squirrel Hiki iā ia ke uhaʻi maʻalahi mai ka mea alualu i kahi lele i kahi mamao loa. ʻAʻole hele iki kahi holoholona olakino a ikaika i nā niho o kahi mea ʻino. ʻO ka maʻa mau kēia mau maʻi, nāwaliwali a i ʻole nā proteins ʻōpio loa. Hoʻokūkū nā squirrels me nā chipmunks, nāʻiole, a me nā ʻenekini no nā kumuwaiwai a me nā meaʻai. Akā kokoke i nā kānaka, ʻaʻohe ʻenemi o ka squirrel, makaʻu ka poʻe predators i ka poʻe, koe wale nā pōpoki.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: ʻUmiʻu hina
I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole pale ʻia ka squirrel hina a ʻano ʻaneʻane pau ʻole i ka laha. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hoʻolaha hoʻolaha kēia ʻano a puni ka honua, hoʻoneʻe i nā ʻano protein ʻē aʻe. I kekahi mau ʻāina, ua lilo lākou i pōʻino maoli, e luku ana i nā lāʻau a luku hoʻi i nā māla. Hiki ke hoʻemi ka nui o ka squirrel inā pau nā ululāʻau i ka nahele. Hiki i ka nui o nā squirrels ke hoʻemi me kahi hua ʻole, ahi a me nā pōʻino kūlohelohe.
Ma UK, hoʻopau ikaika ʻia nā squirrels hina a paipai ʻia kēia e ke kānāwai, e hoʻohana ana i nā limahana hoʻolimalima o ka poʻe malihini. I ka manawa like, ke hoʻāʻo nei ke aupuni e hoʻopakele i nā squirrels, i nalo ʻē ma Sikotika, ʻEnelani a me ʻIlani. ʻAʻole like me nā squirrels ʻulaʻula, hana ʻino ka poʻe hina i nā pua, ʻaihue i nā hua manu mai nā hale manu, huli a haki nā ipu pua kokoke i ka hale.
I kēia manawa hānai nui ʻia ka protein i nā nursery no ka mālama ʻana i ka home. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka squirrel liʻiliʻi i ka lawe pio ʻana, maʻa i nā ona. I ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana, hoʻopuka maikaʻi nā squirrels a maʻalahi hoʻi i ke ola hou. Huli ʻimi ʻia ka squirrel hina no kona hulu nani a me ka huelo fluffy. I kekahi mau ʻāina, manaʻo ʻia ka ʻiʻo squirrel he mea ʻono a ʻai ʻia.
ʻ squpala hina hoʻonāukiuki i nā manaʻo maikaʻi ke kamaʻilio pū me lākou. Aloha ʻo ia e nā keiki ʻelua a me nā mākua, ʻoiai kekahi mau hoʻoweliweli o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka maʻi puʻupuʻu a me kona ʻano luku a puni. He holoholona maʻemaʻe ka squirrel a ʻaʻole ia e noho i nā kūlanakauhale a me nā wahi me ka ecology maikaʻi ʻole. Makemake au ʻaʻole e hoʻokomo ʻia kēia ʻano i loko o ka Red Book a ʻoluʻolu mau i ka maka i nā pāka a me nā ululāʻau kūloko.
Lā paʻi: 21.04.2019
Lā hou: 19.09.2019 ma 22:22
