Hale moe māla manaʻo ʻia he holoholona kū hoʻokahi. He lunamakaʻāinana ʻo ia i nā rodents. Alakaʻi ka holoholona i kahi ʻano hūnā, pō hoʻi. Ma muli o kēia, ʻaʻole i lohe ka hapa nui i kekahi holoholona. Loaʻa ka inoa o ka dormouse ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mālama momona, ua hibernates ia i ka hāʻule a noho mau i loko a hiki i ka puna.
Ma mua, ʻo kēia mau holoholona liʻiliʻi uʻi, e like me ka ʻiole i hoʻololi i kona kapa huluhulu, he mea maʻamau. Eia nō naʻe, helu ʻia lākou i kēia lā i ka puke Red international. Ua luku nui ʻia nā holoholona ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he mau halihali lākou i nā maʻi maʻi, a ma muli hoʻi o ke kumu o ka hōʻino ʻana i ka ʻāina mahiʻai.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Hale moe o ka māla
Manaʻo ʻia ka dormouse kekahi o nā lunamakaʻāinana mua loa o ka lāhui. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Aristotle iā ia i loko o kāna mau kākau. Unuhi ʻia mai ka Helene kahiko, ʻo ka inoa o kēia inoa "holoholona nani, nani, lokomaikaʻi".
Wahi a nā kānaka noiʻi, ua hānau ʻia nā kūpuna kahiko o kēia mau holoholona liʻiliʻi ma mua o 6,000,000 mau makahiki i hala aku nei i ka wā o ka Eocene. ʻO ka genus Gliravus i lilo i mea hoʻokumu i kēia mau rodents. Ua noho nā Lunamakaʻāinana o kēia ma ka honua ma kahi o 20,000,000 mau makahiki. Ma hope, ua ala ʻo ia i ka genus o ka nahele moe. ʻO kēia nā lunamakaʻāinana mua loa o ka ʻohana dormouse.
Video: Māla moe
Wahi a nā ʻike mua, ua noho nā kūpuna kahiko o ka dormouse māla i ka panalāʻau o Eurasia hikina a me ʻApelika. Hoʻomaopopo nā kānaka ʻepekema Zoologists i ka pua ʻana a me ka hoʻokaʻawale nui loa ʻana o ka moe genus i hāʻule i ka wā Miocene. I kēia manawa i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka genus o nā hiamoe i ʻelua a ʻoi mau ʻāpana ʻelua. ʻEono wale nō o nā ʻano holoholona i mua. Pili nā holoholona i ka papa o nā māmela, ke kaʻina o nā rodents. He poʻe lunamakaʻāinana lākou o ka ʻohana dormouse, kahi ʻano o ka dormouse māla.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Ka hale moe holoholona
I ke ʻano, he ʻano like ko lākou me nā ʻiole hina. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 14.5-15.5 mau kenimika. ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kino 55-150 gram. He huelo loloa a lahilahi ko nā holoholona. ʻO kona lōʻihi ua aneane like ia me ka lōʻihi o ke kino a he 11-13 kenimika. Aia ma ka huelo he lauoho pokole, mahele kaulike ʻia ma luna o kona ʻili holoʻokoʻa. I ka hopena hope loa, ʻohiʻohi ʻia ka hulu i kahi palaki liʻiliʻi, fluffy. ʻO ka huelo he ʻekolu ka nui o nā kala o ke kapa. I ka lalo loa, he keʻokeʻo ia, a ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo. Hinahina ia ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua a ʻeleʻele i ke kumu.
Kūlike ʻole ka lōʻihi o nā lālā. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o nā wāwae hope ma mua o nā mua. ʻEhā mau manamana wāwae o ka mua a me ka wāwae. ʻO ke kolu a me ka hā o nā manamana wāwae ma ka forelegs - ua lōʻihi lākou. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ka manamana wāwae ʻehā ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe ma nā wāwae hope. He haiki nā wāwae, hoʻolōʻihi. Poepoe ka waha, kuhi iki. ʻO ka dormouse māla he pepeiao nui puni a me nā maka ʻeleʻele nunui. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ihu e ka lahilahi, ka lōʻihi o ka vibrissae.
Pōkole ke kāʻei, mānoanoa a palupalu hoʻi. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kala i ke ʻano o ke aniau i ka nohona. Hoʻohanohano nui ʻia lākou e ka hulu hina a ʻeleʻele hulu. ʻO ka wahi o ka ʻōpū, ka ʻāʻī, ka umauma a me nā lālā i uhi ʻia me ka lauoho o kahi malu māmā, ʻaneʻane keʻokeʻo. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka dormouse māla kahi ʻāpana ʻeleʻele e holo ana mai ka maka a ka hope o ka pepeiao. ʻOi aku ka mālamalama o ka dormouse māla ʻōpio, nā waihoʻoluʻu pale ʻokoʻa. Me nā makahiki, aniani nā aka o ka pale.
Ma hea e noho ai ka dormouse māla?
Kiʻi: Buke ʻulaʻula dormouse māla
Noho ka dormouse māla i nā ulu lāʻau, ka hapanui ma nā wahi pālahalaha, a me nā wahi puʻu liʻiliʻi ʻole. Hiki ke noho i nā māla haʻalele.
ʻO ka nohona kūlohelohe o ka māla moe:
- ʻĀpana ʻĀkau o ʻApelika;
- ka mokuna o ʻEulopa hikina;
- Altai;
- ʻaneʻane nā ʻāpana āpau o Belarus;
- ʻāpana o ka panalāʻau o Rūsia - nā moku ʻo Leningrad, Novgorod, Pskov, ka ʻāina o nā Ural lalo, ka mahele ʻo Kama Lalo;
- kekahi mau ʻāpana o Asia Uuku;
- Kina;
- Iapana.
Aloha ka dormouse māla i ka panalāʻau o nā ululāʻau, kahi e nui ai nā lāʻau deciduous. Loaʻa liʻiliʻi i loaʻa i nā ulu lāʻau me nā lāʻau coniferous. Koho pinepine lākou i ka ʻāina o nā māla i haʻalele ʻia a i ʻole nā ʻāina mahiʻai ma ke ʻano he wahi noho. Makemake lākou i nā wahi me nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe. Koho ʻia nā māla Orchards a me nā paka o ke kūlanakauhale e like me nā noho.
ʻAʻole makaʻu lākou i nā kānaka, no laila noho pinepine lākou ma kahi o nā wahi noho kanaka. Aia kekahi mau hihia i ʻike ʻia o ka hana home o ka dormouse māla. Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he hiki i nā kānaka ʻōpio wale ke hoʻohuli ʻia e kānaka. Eia hou, ʻaʻole makemake nui kēia mau koʻokoʻo liʻiliʻi iā ia ke hoʻopā kekahi iā lākou.
He aha ka ʻai a ka dormouse māla?
Kiʻi: Ka hale hoʻomaha ʻo Rodent
Manaʻo ʻia ka dormouse māla he holoholona omnivorous. ʻAi ʻo ia i nā mea kanu a me nā meaʻai holoholona. Wahi a nā Zoologists ʻo kēia ʻano meaʻai ka mea nui o ka papaʻai.
He aha ka mea i hoʻopili ʻia i ka papaʻai a ka holoholona:
- hua manu;
- Ua hāʻule nā moa mai ka pūnana mai;
- nā larvae o nā ʻano meaola like ʻole;
- ʻūhini;
- ʻenuhe;
- huaʻai;
- hua hua;
- butterflies pō;
- beetles, spider, millipedes, ilo;
- nahenahe;
- lau;
- huaʻai;
- na anoano;
- nā aʻa;
- nā ʻōpiopio o nā ʻano mea kanu like ʻole.
Ma muli o ka hibernation, nui ka poʻe e ʻai ikaika i ke kauwela a pau, a mālama kekahi i kahi lako. Pau nā waihona dormouse māla, e like me ka hazel dormouse, i ka wā mua o ka puna. Hāʻawi ke ʻano o nā lālā o ka dormouse i ka meaʻai i ka honua. Ua manaʻo ʻia lākou he poʻe lawaiʻa akamai. Hiki iā lākou ke hopu i kahi manu liʻiliʻi, a i kahi butterfly. Hiki iā lākou ke piʻi i nā kumulāʻau e ʻimi i nā pūnana manu.
Inu ʻo ia i nā hua manu ma ka hana ʻana i nā lua me nā niho me nā lua. Ma ke ala like, ʻai lākou i nā nīnaʻi, nahu ma nā pūpū. I ka wā o ka pōloli a me ka nele o ka meaʻai, ʻike ʻia nā hihia o ka ʻimi holoholona a me nāʻiole hina hina. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī ʻoiai me ka nui o nā mea kanu mea kanu, nā ʻanoʻano a me nā hua, pono lākou i ka ʻai mau o nā meaʻai o nā holoholona. Inā ʻaʻole ʻai nā koʻokoʻo i ka ʻiʻo no 5-7 mau lā, hāʻule lākou i kahi ʻaʻā.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Hale moe o ka māla
ʻO ka dormouse māla ka mea nui i ka pō. Alualu a ʻai holoholona hoʻi nā holoholona i ka pō. Eia nō naʻe, i loko o ka wā o ka male, i hāʻule i ka wā o ka puna-kauwela, hiki iā lākou ke hana i ke ao. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Rodents he holoholona mehameha. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā hui pākahi pōkole wale nō i ka wā o ka hānau ʻana. Eia naʻe, he wā pōkole loa lākou.
Ma ke ʻano he hale noho, a me nā mea hiamoe o ka nahele, hiki iā lākou ke koho i nā lua iole hakahaka, nā lua o nā nalu, nā pūnana manu, nā ʻāha pala o nā kumu lāʻau. Noho pinepine lākou ma lalo o nā kaupaku a i ʻole i nā ana o nā hale noho. He ʻano poepoe ko ka hale. No ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, hoʻohana ka māla dormouse i nā mea kūlohelohe. ʻO nā lau, nā mauʻu, moʻa, hulu holoholona a i ʻole nā hulu manu e kūpono no kēia.
I ke kauwela holoʻokoʻa, hānai nui nā holoholona, kūkulu i nā mea momona, a hoʻolako pū i ko lākou mau home. ʻO ke ola ʻana o ka holoholona i ka wā o ka hibernation ma muli o ka hilinaʻi a me ka hūnā o ka hale. Wahi a nā helu helu, ma kahi o ka hapakolu o ka poʻe e make i nā hau hau ʻino, inā ʻaʻole lawa ka pale. Ke ulu ʻōpio mai kahi ʻōpala i kahi hibernates pū. No laila ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ko lākou ola ʻana i ka hale like, e hoʻomehana ana kekahi i kekahi. Hiamoe ka dormouse māla, ʻōwili ʻia, komo nā wāwae i loko, a peʻe ma hope o kā lākou huelo.
I waenakonu o ka hoʻoilo, hibernate lākou, a hala nā mahina ʻeono. I ka wā o ka hibernation i nā holoholona, holo nā metabolic a pau, ka hanu ʻana, a me nā lāʻau ikiʻai. I ka wā hibernation, nalowale ka māla dormouse i kahi hapalua o ke kaumaha o ke kino.
Ua manaʻo ʻia lākou he poʻe hahai holoholona maikaʻi. He pane koke lākou a me ka wikiwiki. Hiki i nā Sleepyheads ke hana i kahi kani e like me ke kani ʻana o nā pepeke. ʻO ka ʻohana i hele wāwae e like me kahi laina liʻiliʻi. Neʻe wikiwiki lākou i kēlā me kēia.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Ka hale moe māla pēpē
Ma hope o kahi hibernation lōʻihi, hoʻomaka ka manawa o ka male. Ke ala nei, mālama nā holoholona i kā lākou panalāʻau a koho i ko lākou pae. Hoʻomaka ka wā moena i waenakonu o ʻApelila a hala i ka mua o Iulai. Hoʻowalewale nā wahine wahine i nā kāne me nā leo nui kūikawā, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i kahi ʻoki ʻokiʻoki.
ʻO nā kāne, i ka pane ʻana i kahi kani kani naʻau nui, hoʻopuka i kahi mea e like me ka namunamu ʻana o ka muffled. Inā koi kekahi mau kāne i hoʻokahi manawa i hoʻokahi wahine, kipaku lākou kekahi i kekahi, i kekahi mau manawa hiki iā lākou ke nahu. No kekahi manawa, hiki i ka dormouse māla ke hana i kahi ʻohana. Ma hope o ka male ʻana, kipaku nā wahine i nā kāne a haʻalele paha i ka noho ʻana iā lākou iho.
ʻEkolu mau pule ka lōʻihi o ka hāpai ʻana. Ke hoʻokokoke ka hana, hoʻomaka ka wahine e ʻimi i kahi hānau. No kēia mau kumu, kūkulu ʻo ia i kahi mink, pinepine i mau manawa i ka manawa like. Hoʻokahi wahine e hana i ʻekolu a i ʻeono mau keiki i ka manawa like. ʻAʻole hiki ke kōkua i nā keiki hānau. Makapō nā kupa, ʻaʻohe kuli a ʻaʻohe huluhulu.
Aia nā mālama āpau no nā keiki ma luna o nā poʻohiwi o ka makuahine. Mālama ʻo ia iā lākou, hānai iā lākou i ka waiū. Inā ʻike ʻo ia i ka makaʻu i kāna mau keiki, hoʻololi koke ʻo ia iā lākou i kahi hūnā palekana ma hope o ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻāʻī.
Ma hope o 3 mau pule mai ka manawa o ka hānau ʻana, hāmama nā cubs i ko lākou mau maka. Ma hope o kēlā, ulu koke lākou a loaʻa ke kaumaha o ke kino. Ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina mai ka manawa o ka hānau ʻana, hoʻomaka nā holoholona ʻōpio e loaʻa kūʻokoʻa i ka meaʻai a ʻimi no lākou iho. Hele holoholo nā keiki makua a holo i ka faila hoʻokahi ma hope o ko lākou makuahine. Hoʻopili ka cub mua i ka hulu o ka makuahine me kona mau niho. Hoʻopili nā paws a i ʻole nā niho i kekahi i kekahi.
I loko o hoʻokahi makahiki, hana ka wahine wahine moekolohe i nā keiki i ʻelua mau manawa. I ka hiki ʻana i ka makahiki o ʻelua mau mahina, alakaʻi lākou i kahi nohona kaʻawale. ʻO ke ola maʻamau o kēlā me kēia kanaka ma lalo o nā kūlohelohe he 4.5-6 mau makahiki.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ka hale moe moe
Kiʻi: Ka hale moe holoholona
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka dormouse kīhāpai:
- martens;
- ʻalopeke;
- pueo, hawks, kites;
- ʻīlio kūloko a me nā pōpoki;
- marten a me ermine.
ʻO nā mea hoʻokūkū e pili ana i ka meaʻai nā iole hina, kahi e hoʻopau ai i ka hale moe kīhāpai i ka nui. ʻO kaʻenemi weliweli loa o nā rodents ka poʻe a me kā lākou mau hana. Luku ke kāne iā lākou i ka nui, ʻike a ʻike ʻole ʻole. Pepehi kanaka ka poʻe holoholona no ka hōʻino ʻana i nā kula a me nā māla. ʻAi ʻo Rodents i nā hua, nā hua a me nā hua o nā lāʻau. ʻImi ʻia ka hale moe māla e nā ʻīlio a me nā pōpoki, kahi a lākou e hoihoi nui ai.
ʻIke ʻia nā hihia o ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka holoholona i mea e loaʻa ai nā ʻili. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou e nā kānaka ma ke ʻano he huluhulu liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā mea hoʻohui kemika, nā mea momona o ke kumu kūlohelohe ʻole e hāʻawi pū i ka hōʻemi o nā heluna o ka māla dormouse. He nui nā ʻenemi o nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana hiamoe i ko lākou wahi maoli. ʻO nā mea weliweli loa he kanaka, pueo a me nā pueo aeto, a me nāʻiole hina. ʻOiai ka wikiwiki a me ka wikiwiki o ka wikiwiki, ʻaʻole hiki i ka dormouse māla ke pakele i ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o nā holoholona me nā manu. Noho lākou ma kahi kokoke i nā wahi kanaka e lilo ai lākou i mea pio no nā holoholona laka.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: ʻAhi koʻekoʻe dormouse
I kēia mau lā, ua iho nui ka heluna o ka home dormouse. I kekahi mau wahi, ua nalowale loa kēia ʻano. Ua helu ʻia nā holoholona i loko o ka puke ʻulaʻula a hāʻawi ʻia i ke kūlana o "species critically endangered species". ʻO ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka helu ma muli o ka hoʻouka ʻana o nāʻiole hina, a me nā manu o nā mea ʻai, nā ululāʻau a me nā mea mālama holoholona. Manaʻo ʻia nā hana a ke kanaka ke kumu nui o ka luku ʻia. Hoʻoneoneo ʻāina, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā kumu lāʻau i piha i nā kumulāʻau
I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me ka pae kumu, ua hoʻemi ʻia ko lākou wahi e ka hapalua. Luku ke kanaka iā lākou i ka nui ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka hoʻoweliweli nui ʻana iā lākou, ma ke ʻano he poʻe lawe i nā maʻi maʻi. ʻO kekahi kumu o ka luku nui ʻia e nā kānaka ke kumu o ka hōʻino ʻana i ka ʻāina mahiʻai.
Hoʻohui ʻia, make ka hapa nui o kēlā me kēia kanaka i nā hau hau ʻino i ka wā hibernation. ʻO Owl, kahi alakaʻi i ke ʻano nohona like pō, he mea weliweli ia i nā meheu fluffy liʻiliʻi. Hele lākou i ka hopu holoholona i ka pouli, ke hana nui ka dormouse māla. I kēia lā, aia ka heluna nui o nā lehulehu ma ke komohana o ʻEulopa. ʻO Kelemania, Czech Republic, Palani. Maʻa mau nā rodents i Belarus.
Pale pale dormouse
Kiʻi: Ka hale moe māla mai ka puke ʻula
Hoʻohālikelike ka pale ʻana o nā laha i ka pale o ka nohona o ka māla dormouse mai nā hana a ke kanaka. Ua helu ʻia ka holoholona ma ka puke ʻulaʻula. Ma kēia mea, kapu loa ka luku ʻana i ka holoholona no kekahi kumu.
Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻaʻohe hana kūikawā no ka mālama a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka heluna kanaka e hoʻomohala ʻia a hana ʻia paha.
Hale hoʻomaha hale waho like loa me ka iole hina, nāna i hoʻololi i ke kala o kona kapa. Hoʻohālikelike pinepine ʻia ia i kahi squirrel no ka ʻeleu a me ka hiki ke lele koke i nā lālā a piʻi i nā kumulāʻau.
Lā o ka paʻi ʻia: 21.04.2019
Lā hou: 19.09.2019 ma 22:19
