Tiger Sumatera, ʻaʻole like me nā hoahānau ʻē aʻe, hōʻoiaʻiʻo loa ʻia kona inoa i kahi wale nō a paʻa hoʻi o kona wahi i noho ai - ka mokupuni ʻo Sumatra. ʻAʻole ia ma kahi ʻē aʻe e loaʻa ai. ʻO nā subspecies ka mea liʻiliʻi o nā mea āpau, akā ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka mea ʻoi loa. Malia paha, ʻo kona mau kūpuna ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe i ʻae i ka ʻike maikaʻi ʻole o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kekahi kanaka.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Sumatran Tiger
ʻO nā hōʻike no ka ulu ʻana o nā laha mai kahi ʻano o nā noiʻi o nā fossil holoholona. Ma o ke kaʻina hana o ka filogenetic, ua hōʻoia nā ʻepekema ua lilo ʻo East Asia i kikowaena nui o nā kumu. Ua loaʻa nā fossil kahiko loa ma ka strata Jethys a mai ka 1.67 a i ka 1.80 miliona mau makahiki i hala.
Ke hōʻike nei ka loiloi Genomic ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā leopadi hau mai nā kūpuna o ka tiger ma kahi o 1.67 miliona mau makahiki i hala. ʻO nā subspecies Panthera tigris sumatrae ka mea mua i kaʻawale mai nā koena o nā laha. Ua hana kēia ma kahi o 67.3 tausani mau makahiki i hala. I kēia manawa, hū ka lua pele ʻo Toba ma ka mokupuni ʻo Sumatra.
Video: Sumatran Tiger
Hoʻomaopopo ʻo Pontontologists ua alakaʻi kēia i ka hāʻule o ka mahana ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa a me ka luku ʻia o kekahi mau ʻano holoholona a me nā mea kanu. Manaʻo nā ʻepekema o kēia manawa ua hiki i kekahi mau tigika ke ola ma muli o kēia cataclysm a, i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā heluna ʻokoʻa, noho i nā wahi kaʻawale.
Ma nā kūlana o ka evolution holoʻokoʻa, he kūpuna maʻamau o nā tigika i kahi wā i hala iho nei, akā ua loaʻa i nā ʻāpana o kēia wā ke koho kūlohelohe. ʻO ka ʻāpana ADH7 i loaʻa i ka Tiger Sumatran kahi mea nui i kēia. Ua hoʻopili nā ʻepekema i ka nui o ka holoholona i kēia mea. Ma mua, ua hui ka hui me nā tigana Balinese a me nā Java, akā i kēia manawa ua pau lākou i ka make.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: holoholona Tiger Sumatran
Ma waho aʻe o kā lākou liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e pili ana i kā lākou mau hoa, ʻike ʻia ke Tiga Sumatera e kāna ʻano maʻamau a me kona helehelena. ʻAlani a ʻalani ʻulaʻula ke kino. Ma muli o ko lākou wahi kokoke, hoʻohui pinepine nā kaha ākea, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kā lākou pinepine ma mua o ka poʻe congeners.
Hoʻokumu ʻia nā wāwae ikaika e nā kaha, ʻokoʻa ka Amur tiger. Lōʻihi loa nā lālā hope, no ka mea hiki i nā holoholona ke lele mai kahi noho i kahi mamao a 10 mau mika. Ma nā ʻūlū mua he 4 mau manamana wāwae, ma waena o ia mau membrane, ma nā kapuwaʻi hope he mau manamana wāwae he 5. ʻO nā mākia hiki ke hiki ke hōʻea i 10 kenimika ka lōʻihi.
Mahalo i nā sideburns lōʻihi ma nā papalina a me ka ʻāʻī, pale pale ʻia nā muzzles o nā kāne mai nā lālā ke neʻe wikiwiki i ka ululāʻau. ʻO kahi huelo ikaika a lōʻihi hoʻi e hana ana ma ke ʻano he kaulike ʻoiai e holo ana, e kōkua ana i ka huli koke ʻana ke hoʻololi i ke ʻaoʻao o ka neʻe, a hōʻike pū kekahi i ke ʻano ke kamaʻilio pū me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
ʻIke hoihoi: Aia nā kiko keʻokeʻo ma ka hope o nā pepeiao i ke ʻano o nā maka, kahi hana na ka poʻe mea ʻino e hoʻouka kaua i ke Tiga mai ke kua.
30 mau niho ʻoi loa i 9 cm ka lōʻihi a kōkua e nahu koke ma o ka ʻili o ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia. Hoʻonui ka nahu o kēlā tiger i kahi kaomi o 450 kg. Ua lawa nā maka me ka haumāna puni. He melemele ka iris, bluish i nā albinos. Loaʻa i nā pōpoki ʻāhiu ka hihi kala. Kōkua ka tubercles ʻoi ma ke alelo e ʻili wikiwiki i ka holoholona i hoʻomake ʻia a hoʻokaʻawale i ka ʻiʻo mai ka iwi.
- Ke kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe ma nā mea mae - 60 cm.;
- ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā kāne 2.2-2.7 m;
- O ka loa o na wahine he 1.8-2.2 m;
- ʻO ke kaumaha o nā kāne he 110-130 kg.
- ʻO ke kaupaona o nā wahine 70-90 kg.
- ʻO 0.9-1.2 ka lōʻihi o ka huelo.
Ma hea e noho ai ke Tiga Tiga?
Kiʻi: Sumatran tiger i ke kūlohelohe
ʻO ka tiger Sumatran ka mea maʻamau ma ka mokupuni ʻo Sumatra Indonesia.
He ʻokoʻa loa ka nohona:
- Ululāʻau tropika;
- ʻO nā ululāʻau pālahalaha a haʻahaʻa o kahakai;
- Nāhelehele mauna;
- ʻO nā peat peat;
- Savannah;
- Mākoʻo.
ʻO ka wahi liʻiliʻi o ka nohona a me ka nui o ka heluna kanaka he mau kumu maikaʻi ʻole ia no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka helu o nā ʻāpana. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua neʻe aku ka wahi noho o nā tigā Sumatera i uka. ʻO kēia ke alakaʻi i kahi lilo nui o ka ikehu i ka wā o ka huli holoholona a i ka hoʻokau hoʻokau ʻia i nā kūlana hou.
Hāʻawi ka Predators i ka makemake nui loa i nā wahi me nā mea kanu nui, nā pali mauna kahi e loaʻa ai kahi e puʻuhonua ai, a me nā wahi waiwai i nā kumu wai a me ka lako pono o ka meaʻai. Hoʻokani ʻia kahi kuleana nui e kahi mamao kūpono mai nā wahi i noho ʻia e nā poʻe.
Hōʻalo nā pōpoki hihiu i nā kānaka, no laila aneane hiki ʻole ke hālāwai me lākou ma nā mahi mahiʻai. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe a hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou a hiki i 2.6 kilomita ma luna o kaʻilikai. ʻO ka nahele, aia ma nā pali o ka mauna, ka mea makemake nui ʻia e ka poʻe ʻaihue.
He teritori ponoʻī ko kēlā me kēia holoholona. Noho maʻalahi nā wahine ma ka wahi like me kekahi. ʻO ka nui o nā ʻāina i noho ʻia e nā tigika kaukaʻi ʻia i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wahi a me ka nui o nā mea pio i kēia mau wahi. Hoʻonui ʻia nā ʻōhua o nā wahine makua ma luna o 30-65 kilomika kilomika, nā kāne - a 120 mau kilomika kūlike.
He aha ka ʻai a ke Tiga Tiger?
Kiʻi: Sumatran Tiger
ʻAʻole makemake kēia mau holoholona e noho i kahi hoʻohālua no ka manawa lōʻihi, e nānā ana i ka poʻe i luku ʻia. I ka ʻike ʻana i kahi mea pio, honi lākou, sneak mālie a hoʻouka koke. Hiki iā lākou ke lawe i ka mea i hoʻomāinoino ʻia i ka luhi, ke kāpae ʻana i nā mānoanoa a me nā mea keakea ʻē aʻe a me ka alualu ʻana iā ia ma ka mokupuni holoʻokoʻa.
He mea hoihoi: Aia kekahi hihia i ʻike ʻia ke alualu ʻia e kahi Tiga me kahi buffalo, me ka manaʻo he holoholona laha ʻole a maikaʻi loa ia, no kekahi mau lā.
Inā kūleʻa ka hopu a nui ka mea pio, hiki ke ʻai i nā lā he mau lā. Eia kekahi, hiki i ke tiger ke kaʻana like me nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe, keu hoʻi inā he wahine lākou. Hoʻopau lākou ma kahi o 5-6 mau kilogram o ka iʻa i kēlā me kēia lā, inā ikaika ka wī, a laila 9-10 kg.
Hāʻawi nā tigā Sumatra i nā mea nui i kēlā me kēia mea mai ka ʻohana dia he 100 kilokika a ʻoi paha ke kaumaha. Akā ʻaʻole lākou e haʻalele i ka manawa kūpono e hopu i kahi mōneka holo a me kahi manu lele.
ʻO ka papaʻai o ka tiger Sumatran:
- Nā puaʻa hihiu;
- Orangutan;
- ʻBpala;
- ʻO Porcupines;
- ʻO Badger;
- Zambara;
- He iʻa;
- Kanchili;
- Nā Crocodiles;
- Na Bea;
- ʻO Muntjac.
I ka lawe pio ʻana, ʻo ka papaʻai o nā māmela he ʻano like ʻole o ka ʻiʻo a me nā iʻa, nā moa. Hoʻohui ʻia nā huakine wikamina a me nā complexes mineral i ka meaʻai, ʻoiai ʻo ka papaʻai kaulike no kēia laha kahi hapa nui o kona olakino maikaʻi a me kona ola lōʻihi.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Predatory Sumatran Tiger
ʻOiai he holoholona mehameha ka tiger Sumatran, alakaʻi lākou i kahi ola mehameha a noho i nā panalāʻau nui. Noho ka poʻe noho o nā ululāʻau mauna i nā wahi o 300 mau kilomika kilomika. Kākaʻikahi nā skirmishes ma luna o nā ʻāina a kaupalena ʻia i nā ʻōhumu a me nā hiʻohiʻona ʻenemi, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻohana i nā niho a me nā māiʻuʻu.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: ʻo ke kamaʻilio ʻana ma waena o nā tigika Sumatra e ka hanu nui ʻana i ka ea ma o ka ihu. Hana kēia i nā leo kūʻokoʻa i hiki i nā holoholona ke ʻike a hoʻomaopopo. Kamaʻilio pū lākou ma o ka pāʻani, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke hōʻike aloha a komo i loko o kahi hakakā, hamo i kekahi i kekahi me ko lākou ʻaoʻao a me nā muzzles.
Nui ke aloha o kēia mau mea ʻaihue i ka wai. I ka wā wela, hiki iā lākou ke noho i loko o ka wai no nā hola, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ana i ko lākou kino pono, makemake lākou e ʻauʻau a hele i ka wai pāpaʻu. Hoʻokele pinepine lākou i ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia i loko o ka loko iʻa a hana pū me ia, he ʻauʻau kai maikaʻi loa lākou.
I ke kauwela, makemake nā tigika e hoʻomaka i ka hopu holoholona i ka ahiahi, i ka hoʻoilo, i ka ʻokoʻa, i ke ao. Inā hoʻouka lākou i ka mea pio mai kahi hoʻohālua, a laila hoʻokuʻi lākou iā ia ma hope a mai ka ʻaoʻao paha, e nahu ana i kona ʻāʻī a haki ka iwi kuamoo, a i ʻole hoʻokuʻi lākou i ka mea i hōʻino ʻia. Kauo lākou iā ia i kahi mehameha a ʻai ʻia. Inā lilo ka holoholona i mea nui, ʻaʻole paha e ʻai nā mea ʻaihue i kekahi mau lā ma hope.
Hōʻailona nā pōpoki hihiu i nā palena o kā lākou pūnaewele me ka mimi, nā feces, ʻānai i ka ʻili mai nā kumulāʻau. ʻImi nā ʻōpio i ka ʻāina no lākou iho a i ʻole kiʻi hou ia mai nā kāne makua. ʻAʻole lākou e hoʻomanawanui i nā malihini i kā lākou waiwai, akā pili mālie lākou i kēlā me kēia kanaka e hele i kā lākou pūnaewele a neʻe i mua.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Sumatran Tiger Cub
Hiki i kēia laha ke hānau hou i loko o ka makahiki. ʻO ka wela i nā wahine kū mau ma ka awelika 3-6 mau lā. I loko o kēia wā, ʻo nā kāne i kēlā me kēia ʻano hiki ke ʻumeʻume i nā tigresses, e hoʻokuʻu ana i nā leo nui, i hiki ke lohe ʻia ma kahi mamao a 3 mau kilomita, a e hoʻowalewale iā lākou me ke ʻala o ka mea pio i hopu ʻia.
Aia nā hakakā ma waena o nā kāne no nā mea i wae ʻia, kahi e mālama nui ʻia ai ko lākou huluhulu, lohe ʻia nā leo nui. Kū nā kāne ma ko lākou mau wāwae hope a kuʻi kekahi i kekahi me ko lākou forelimbs, e hoʻokau nei i nā hahau ikaika. Ua hala nā hakakā a hiki i ka ʻae ʻana o kekahi o nā ʻaoʻao i ka eo.
Inā ʻae ka wahine i ke kāne e hoʻokokoke iā ia, hoʻomaka lākou e noho pū, ʻimi a pāʻani a hiki i kona hāpai ʻana. ʻAʻole like me nā subspecies ʻē aʻe, he makuakāne maikaʻi loa ka tiger Sumatran a ʻaʻole haʻalele i ka wahine a hiki i ka hānau ʻana, e kōkua ana e hānai keiki. Ke hiki i nā keiki ke ʻimi iā lākou iho, haʻalele ka makuakāne iā lākou a hoʻi i ka wahine me ka hoʻomaka o ka estrus e hiki mai ana.
Hoʻomākaukau ka mākaukau no ka hana hou ʻana i nā wahine ma 3-4 mau makahiki, i nā kāne - ma 4-5. Noho ka hāpai ʻana ma ka awelika he 103 mau lā (mai 90 a 100), no ka hopena i hānau ʻia he 2-3 mau keiki, ʻoi aku ka nui - 6. Paona ka paona ma kahi kilokilo a hāmama i ko lākou mau maka 10 mau lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.
No nā mahina mua, hānai ka makuahine iā lākou i ka waiū, a ma hope e hoʻomaka ʻo ia e lawe i ka mea pio mai ka hahai holoholona a hāʻawi iā lākou i ka meaʻai paʻa. I ka piha ʻana o nā makahiki ʻeono, hoʻomaka ke keiki e alualu me ka makuahine. Makua lākou no ka ʻimi holoholona pākahi e hoʻokahi a me ka hapa makahiki. I kēia manawa, haʻalele nā keiki i ka home makua.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā tigaka Sumatera
Kiʻi: Tiger Sumatran Tiger
Ma muli o ka nui o ko lākou nui, hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe, he mau ʻenemi ko kēia mau mea ʻino. Hoʻopili wale kēia i nā holoholona nui a, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ka poʻe e luku i nā wahi maoli o nā pōpoki hihiu. Hiki ke alualu ʻia nā kūpuna e nā crocodiles a me nā bea.
ʻO ka lawaiʻa kekahi o nā mea hoʻoweliweli nui loa i nā tigā Sumatera. Kaulana loa nā ʻāpana kino holoholona i nā mākeke kālepa kū ʻole i ke kānāwai. I ka lāʻau kūloko, manaʻo ʻia he mau mea hoʻōla lākou - ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā maka maka e mālama i ka maʻi epilepsy, ua kōkua ka whiskers e hoʻopau i ka ʻeha mau niho.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā niho a me nā māiʻu e like me nā mea hoʻomanaʻo, a hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻili tigre e like me ka papahele a i ʻole nā kapeta paia. Hele ka hapa nui o nā smuggling i Malaysia, Kina, Singapore, Iapana, Korea a me nā ʻāina ʻĀsia ʻē aʻe. Hopu nā poʻe ʻalualu i nā tigika e hoʻohana ana i nā kaula kila. No kahi holoholona i pepehi ʻia ma ka makeke kū ʻole i ke kānāwai hiki ke hāʻawi i 20 tausani kālā.
I loko o nā makahiki ʻelua mai 1998 a 2000, 66 mau tigero Sumatera i luku ʻia, e helu ana no 20% o ko lākou heluna kanaka. Nui nā tigers i hoʻopau ʻia e nā kamaʻāina kūloko ma muli o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana i nā mahiʻai. I kekahi manawa hoʻouka nā tigika i ka poʻe. Mai ka makahiki 2002, ua luku ʻia he 8 mau kānaka e nā tigā Sumatera.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Tiger Sumatran Tiger
Ua hala nā subspecies i ke kahua o ka luku ʻia no kekahi manawa lōʻihi loa. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo ia ʻo Taxa Critically Endangered Taxa a helu ʻia ma ka papa inoa ʻulaʻula o nā ʻano hoʻoweliweli. I ka nānā aku i ka loaʻa wikiwiki o ka hana mahiʻai, ke emi nei ka wikiwiki.
Mai ka 1978, ke heleleʻi nei ka poʻe predator. Inā ma laila he 1000 o lākou, a laila ma ka makahiki 1986 ua 800 ka nui o lākou. I ka makahiki 1993, ua heleleʻi ka waiwai i 600, a i ka 2008, ua ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā māmala i kaha ʻia. Hōʻike ka maka ʻōlohelohe i ka make ʻana o nā subspecies.
Wahi a nā kumuwaiwai like ʻole, ʻo ka heluna kanaka o kēia mau mea lawelawe i kēia lā ma kahi o 300-500 kanaka. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka ʻikepili no ka makahiki 2006 i nā wahi noho o kēia mau mea hōkai e uhi i kahi o 58 tausani kilomika kilomika. Eia nō naʻe, i kēlā me kēia makahiki ke piʻi nui nei ka nalo o ka nohona tiger.
Hoʻohuli nui ʻia kēia e ka wao nahele, i kū ʻia ma muli o ke kālai lāʻau ʻana no ka pepa a me nā ʻoihana hana lāʻau, a me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka hana aila kōma. Ma ka laulā, alakaʻi kēia i ka ʻāpana o ka wahi. I mea e ola ai, pono i nā tigika Sumatera kahi mau panalāʻau nui aku.
ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka heluna kanaka o Sumatra a me ke kūkulu ʻana i nā kūlanakauhale he mau kumu maikaʻi ʻole e pili ana i ka luku ʻia o nā laha. Wahi a nā ʻikepili noiʻi, hikiwawe e kaupalena ʻia nā mea kōkua holoʻokoʻa i ka hapalima wale nō o ka nahele.
Mālama ʻia ʻo Tiger Sumatera
Kiʻi: puke ʻula ʻula a Sumatran Tiger
He kakaikahi loa kēia ʻano a helu ʻia i loko o ka Red Book a me ka Convention International I CITES. I mea e pale aku ai i ka nalo ʻana o ka pōpoki kū hoʻokahi, e like me ka mea i hana ʻia me ka tiger Java, pono e hana i nā manawa kūpono a hoʻonui i ka lehulehu. Hoʻolālā ʻia nā papahana mālama e kū nei no nā ʻoihana i ka pāpālua ʻana i ka nui o nā tigika Sumatera i nā makahiki he 10 e hiki mai ana.
I nā makahiki 90, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka papahana Sumatran Tiger, e hana mau nei a hiki i kēia lā. I mea e pale aku ai i ka laha, ua hoʻokumu ka Pelekikena o Indonesia ma 2009 i kahi papahana e hōʻemi i ka ululāʻau, a ua hoʻokaʻawale pū kekahi i ke kālā no ka mālama ʻana i nā tigā Sumatera. Ke hana nei ʻo Keʻena Ululāʻau o Indonesia i kēia manawa me ka Zoo Austrian e hoʻolauna hou i kēia ʻano i ka nāhelehele.
Mālama ʻia ka noiʻi mālama a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hopena ʻē aʻe i nā pilikia hoʻokele waiwai o Sumatra, ma muli o kahi hopena e hoʻemi ʻia ai ka pono no ka acacia a me ka ʻaila niu. I ke kaʻina o ke aʻo ʻana, ua ʻike ʻia makemake ka poʻe kūʻai e uku hou aku i ke kālā no ka margarine inā mālama ia i kahi e noho ai nā tigā Sumatera.
I ka makahiki 2007, ua hopu ka poʻe kamaʻāina kūloko i kahi tigress hāpai hāpai. Ua hoʻoholo nā Conservationists e hoʻoneʻe iā ia i ka Bogor Safari Park ma ka mokupuni ʻo Java. I ka 2011, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi ʻāpana o ka mokupuni ʻo Bethet no kahi mālama kūikawā i manaʻo ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i nā laha.
Mālama ʻia nā tigika Sumatera ma nā zoo, kahi e hānai ʻia ai nā pēpē, hānai ʻia a mālama ʻia. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia kekahi mau kānaka i nā mālama i mea e hoʻonui maʻamau ai i kā lākou helu. Mai ka hānai ʻana o nā mea hōkai, hoʻonohonoho lākou i nā hana maoli, kahi e kū ai ma nā wāwae o hope, kahi i ka nahelehele ʻaʻole lākou e pono e hana.
Ua pāpā ʻia a ʻāhewa ʻia e ke kānāwai ka ʻimi ʻana i kēia mau mea hōkai. No ka luku ʻia ʻana o kahi tigika Sumatera ma Indonesia, hāʻawi ʻia kahi uku o 7 tausani kālā a i ʻole ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā paʻahao a hiki i 5 mau makahiki. ʻO ka lawaiʻa ke kumu nui he ʻekolu mau manawa o kēia mau mea ʻino i ka paʻa pio ʻana ma mua o ka hihiu.
Me ke koena o nā ʻāpana, ʻike nā ʻepekema ʻenehana ʻenekini i ke tigā Sumatera ma ke ʻano he waiwai nui i waena o ke koena, no ka mea ʻo kāna lāhui ka mea maʻemaʻe loa. Ma ke ʻano he hopena o ka noho lōʻihi ʻana o kēlā me kēia heluna kanaka i kahi kaʻawale mai kekahi i kekahi, ua mālama nā holoholona i ka code genetic o ko lākou mau kūpuna.
Lā paʻi: 04/16/2019
Lā hou: 19.09.2019 ma 21:32
