Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO kēia kahi lunamaha nui o ka lāʻau terrestrial artiodactyl herbivore. Hiki i ka nui o ka moose i kahi maloʻo ke ʻoi aku i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kanaka. Hiki ke lōʻihi o ke kino o nā mākua ma mua o 3 m, a ʻo ke kaumaha o ke kino ma kahi o ka hapalua o ke tona.
Kāhea ʻia kēia mau holoholona he elk. ʻAi aku lākou i kahi inoa kapakapa like me kahi mea kala like ʻole o ko lākou helehelena - nā pepeiaohao nunui hoʻonani e like me kahi mea mahi palau - he palau.
Hiki i nā moose kāne kāne moekolohe wale ke kaena i kēlā hoʻonaninani. A ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine a ʻaʻohe o lākou pepeiaohao. ʻO ke kinona i hōʻike ʻia o ka helehelena, kahi ʻano kalaunu, kahi iwi iwi like me ka ulu ʻana, ke awelika o ke kaupaona ma kahi o 25 kg.
I kēlā me kēia makahiki me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu elima aniani nalo, hoʻolei wale ʻia lākou. Akā me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pūnāwai, ma kahi o Mei, ulu kahi "lei aliʻi" hou ma luna o ko lākou mau poʻo.
He ʻohana ʻelima nā Elks, akā i ko lākou helehelena ʻokoʻa lākou i nā ʻano he nui mai iā lākou, ʻaʻohe o lākou lokomaikaʻi ʻano. He palupalu lākou, he poʻohiwi ikaika a me ka umauma. ʻO ka ʻāʻī me kahi ulu palupalu o ka ʻili ma lalo o ka larynx a me ke kumu o ka elk i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā mahele maʻamau o ke kino e hāʻawi i ka manaʻo e hoʻopōkole ʻia.
Piʻi kahi ʻōpala i luna o lākou, a laila kū aʻe kahi poʻo ihu nui. Pehu paha ka waha i ka hopena, nona kahi ʻiʻo, e kau ana ma luna o ka lehelehe lalo, luna. Nā wāwae o ka holoholona, uhi ʻia me nā lauoho pokole, lōʻihi elongated, ʻaʻole lahilahi, me nā kuʻikuʻi loloa loloa.
Aia kahi huelo a 13 cm ka nui, pōkole ia, akā ʻike nui ʻia. ʻOkoʻa ke kala o ka lauoho lauoho ma ke kino mai ka keʻokeʻo a i ka brown-black, keʻokeʻo nā wāwae o ka moose. I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻomālamalama nui ke kala o ka lauoho, kahi e ʻike ʻole ai i ka elk e kūʻē i ke kumu o kahi pae hau. ʻIke maopopo ʻia kēia mau hiʻohiʻona āpau moose ma ke kiʻi.
ʻAʻole hiki ke kapa ʻia ka maka o kēia mau holoholona he ʻoiʻoi loa, akā hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia ka lohe a me ka honi. Holo wikiwiki lākou a ʻauʻau nui. Ua loaʻa kūpono i kēia mau māmala ke poʻo inoa o nā mea nui loa ma ka Hemolele ʻAkau.
Ma kahi o ka hapalua o nā lālā o ka lāhui elk e noho ana ma nā wahi ākea o Rūsia. Hoʻolahalaha nui ʻia ʻo Elk ma Ukraine, Belarus, the Baltic States, Polani a me Scandinavia, ma kekahi mau ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ʻEulopa, a ma ʻAsia hoʻi, e laʻa me Mongolia a me Kina. Loaʻa lākou iā lākou ma ʻAkau ʻAkau, ma Kanada a me ʻĀpana nui.
Nā ʻano
Elk -ʻo kēia ka inoa o ka genus e hōʻike ana i ka ʻohana dia. ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu loa, ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia he ʻano hoʻokahi o ka inoa like. Eia nō naʻe, kū mai nā pilikia koʻikoʻi me ka ʻauhau hoʻokomo.
Ua paʻakikī ka hoʻoholo pololei ʻana a me ka hoʻākāka ʻana i ka helu o nā laha a me nā subspecies. A ma kēia pilikia, ua māhelehele ʻia nā poʻe zologists. Ua kōkua nā genetics o kēia au e pane i nā nīnau huikau. Wahi a kēia kumuwaiwai, ʻaʻole pono e māhele ʻia ka genus elk i hoʻokahi, akā i ʻelua ʻano.
E noʻonoʻo iā lākou i nā kikoʻī.
1. Elk Hikina... ʻO kēia ʻano, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻelua mau ʻāpana: ʻEulopa a me Caucasian. He holoholona lōʻihi loa ko lākou lunamakaʻāinana, i kekahi manawa e piʻi ana i ka paona a hiki i 650 kg. Ke kuʻi nei nā aniani o kēlā moose i ka laulā o 135 mau kenimika a ʻoi.
He ʻeleʻele ke kala o ko lākou lauoho. Kaha ʻia ke kua me kahi ʻāpana ʻeleʻele. ʻOi aku ka māmā o ka hope o ka waha a me ka lauoho ma nā wāwae. ʻO ka ʻōpū a me ka hope o nā wāwae o kēia mau māmela, a me ko lākou lehelehe luna, ua ʻaneʻane keʻokeʻo.
2. Elk komohana... I kekahi manawa kapa ʻia kēia ʻano ʻokoʻa he ʻAmelika, akā pololei nō hoʻi ke kāhea ʻana iā East Siberian, no ka mea, ʻo nā ʻelele o ke aupuni elk o kēia mau mea ʻelua, i ka nānā mua ʻana, aia nā wahi mamao o ka honua i like ka genetically kekahi i kekahi.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia ʻano i nā ʻāpana hikina o Kanada a me Ussuri. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kēlā mau holoholona i ka nui ma mua o nā ʻohana i hōʻike mua ʻia. A ʻo ka lōʻihi o ko lākou pepeiaohao ma kahi o ka mika. ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia kekahi mau hoʻokoe, no ka mea ma Kanada a me ka Hikina hikina, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona nui loa, a ʻo ke kaupaona o 700 kg.
ʻOkoʻa ke kala o ia moose. ʻO ka ʻāʻī a me ke kino o luna he pala-ʻeleʻele a hina hina paha. ʻO nā wāwae ma luna, a me nā ʻaoʻao ma lalo, ʻeleʻele pinepine.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
ʻAʻole kūlike ke kino o kēia mau mea ola, a ʻo ko lākou mau wāwae elongated a me ka ikaika ikaika e kaohi i kekahi o nā neʻe. ʻO kahi laʻana, e ʻona mai kahi loko iʻa, Elk ʻaʻole hiki ke hili wale i kona poʻo. Pono ʻo ia e hele hohonu i loko o ka wai, i kekahi manawa hāʻule ʻo ia i kona mau kuli, ʻoiai e kulou ana i kona mau lālā mua.
Ma ke ala, ua loaʻa iā lākou nā mākia kiko, lawelawe i kēia holoholona i mea hana maikaʻi no ka pale ʻana iā ia iho. Ke hakakā me nā ʻenemi, nā bea a i ʻole nā ʻīlio hae, e kīkē ana kēlā mau mea me ko lākou mau wāwae i mua, hiki i ka pā o ko lākou mau hooves ke haki i ka iwi poʻo o ka ʻenemi i hoʻokahi manawa.
Elk – holoholona, ʻo kaʻaʻahu i ka hoʻoilo e lilo i māmā wale nō, akā mānoanoa hoʻi, e hiki ana i kahi lōʻihi o 10 cm. A ma ka ʻāʻī a mae, ulu ʻoi aku ka nani a ʻelua mau manawa i ka nui.
ʻO nā pepeiaohao o kēia mau mea ola, e loli nei no nā mea hou i kēlā me kēia puna, nā hana hoihoi loa. I ka mua, palupalu lākou a palupalu hoʻi, uhi ʻia me ka ʻili, a hiki ke hoʻokahe ke koko inā ʻeha a ʻeha hoʻi i nā nahu parasite. Hoʻonui paʻakikī lākou, lilo i ikaika a ākea.
ʻO ke kanaka makua, ʻoi aku ka mahalo o kona mau pepeiaohao. Hōʻike mua ʻia kēia mau mea hoʻonaninani i ka elk o hoʻokahi makahiki. I ka wā ʻōpio, he pepeiaohao liʻiliʻi wale nō lākou. ʻO ka pāpale aliʻi e like me ka mea i loko o ka poʻe kahiko, he pahu palahalaha ākea i kapa ʻia he ʻeke. Hoʻopili nā hana i kēia hoʻokumu.
Me ka makahiki, e ākea a ikaika hoʻi ka ʻōʻō, a ʻo ka nui o nā kaʻina hana, a he ʻumikūmāwalu mau makahiki, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē, e emi. No laila, hiki ke hoʻoholo i ka makahiki o ka holoholona e ke ʻano o nā pepeiaohao.
ʻO ka hoʻokahe ʻia ʻana o nā "lei aliʻi" iwi kahiko i Nowemapa a i Kekemapa paha. I ke kau anuanu, ʻaʻole pono nā moose iā lākou, akā wale nō, he aʻo paʻakikī ia, keakea lākou i kā lākou neʻe ʻana, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ke ola i nā manawa paʻakikī.
Ma hope o nā mea āpau, hoʻohana ʻia nā pepeiaohao e nā kāne ʻaʻole iki no ka pale ʻana, akā no ka ʻumeʻume ʻana i nā wahine a me ka mana psychological i nā hoa paio, e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona o ka ikaika a me ka hanohano kāne. I ka hopena o ke kau, ua emi ka nui o nā homone moe kolohe i ke koko o ka holoholona, no ka hopena, ua luku ʻia nā hunaola ma ke kumu o nā hana iwi, a hāʻule nā pepeiaohao. ʻAʻole kēia kumu o ka ʻeha a me ka hopohopo e hoʻokumu i ka elk. Kūlohelohe nā mea āpau.
ʻO ia mau mea nani nā kamaʻāina o nā ululāʻau, i kekahi manawa e noho ana i nā steppes a me nā pae mauna, e hoʻolaha nui ana ma nā wahi o ka ululāʻau. Makemake lākou i nā wahi hihiu me nā kahawai a me nā kahawai, makemake lākou e noho i nā wahi pohō.
ʻAʻohe o lākou aloha kūikawā i ka neʻe, a no laila ʻaʻole iki lākou e neʻe mai kēlā wahi a kēia wahi, koe wale nō ke koho lākou i nā wahi hau liʻiliʻi wale nō i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai a i nā kau hoʻoilo. I ke kauwela, ke nui nā meaʻai, makemake ka moose e holoholo wale, akā me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu, i mea e ola ai, hui lākou i nā hui liʻiliʻi a me nā holoholona.
ʻImi holoholona Moose ʻaʻole pāpā ʻia e ke kānāwai, akā hiki wale nō me kekahi mau kapu. Kaulana nui kēia hana, keu hoʻi i hoʻolaha ʻia i nā makahiki i hala aku nei. Pono wau e ʻōlelo he koi nui, mākaukau a ahonui hoʻi, akā ʻoiai ke ʻano pīhoihoi, piliwaiwai, ʻaʻole palekana ia.
ʻIʻo Elk loaʻa iā ia kahi ʻono ʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku, ʻano ʻē, akā no nā kumu he nui, e noʻonoʻo ana i kekahi mau ʻōuli, ʻo kēia pā, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā keiki hipa momona a me nā puaʻa, a ʻae maikaʻi ʻia hoʻi e ke kino, koi pinepine ʻia e nā kauka no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā maʻi he nui. Hana ʻia nā mea ʻono he nui mai ia mea, hana ʻia i nā meaʻai kēpau a me nā sausa puhi maka.
He maluhia ka moose iā lākou iho a maʻalahi hoʻi i ke ʻano. Ma ke ala, he mea maʻalahi ke kala i kēlā holoholona. E hana i kēia, ua lawa ka hānai ʻana i kahi bipi keiki hihiu, a hoʻomaka koke ʻo ia e aloha i ke kanaka, a me ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka pilina i ka maikaʻi, hiki ke hoʻomau i ke ola.
Ua lilo ʻo Elks i mea maikaʻi loa no ka poʻe. Hoʻohana maʻalahi ʻia lākou no ka hana a me ka halihali ʻana i nā holoholo a me nā lio, a hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka waiū mai nā bipi moose.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻO ka papaʻai o kēia mau mea ola he meaʻai wale nō ka meaʻai, no laila hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia ko lākou mau niho, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka wili ʻana, a ʻaʻole no ka nau ʻana i ka meaʻai. Pau nā Elks i nā mauʻu a me nā laʻalāʻau like me ka hānai. Makemake lākou i nā lau lāʻau, ʻo ia hoʻi ka cherry manu, birch, lehu mauna.
Pono e hoʻokomo i kēia papa inoa willow, maple, lehu, aspen. Hiki i nā Elks ke hānai i nā lau nahele, nā lichens, nā limu, nā semi-aquatic a me nā mea kanu marsh.
I ka puna, me ke ʻano o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo no kēia mau māmele, hele mai ka ākea maoli. I kēia wā, hoʻopiha hou lākou i ka lako o nā wikamina i nalo i ka hoʻoilo. Hauʻoli ʻo Moose i ka ʻai ʻana i ka sedge hou a me ka sorrel momona.
A i ke kauwela, makemake kēia mau holoholona e ʻahaʻaina i nā hua like ʻole. I kēia mau manawa maikaʻi, hiki i kēlā mau ʻelele o ka holoholona ke hoʻopau i 35 kg o ka meaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā. Akā i ka hāʻule ʻaʻohe o lākou koho ʻē aʻe e ʻai i nā lau i hāʻule a huki i ka ʻili o nā kumulāʻau, a kokoke i ka hoʻoilo - e hānai i nā nila a me nā lālā.
Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui mineral, pono nui kēia mau mea i ka paʻakai, a no laila palu pinepine lākou iā ia, e ʻimi ana i nā liko paʻakai hana a maoli, a inu mai nā waipuna me ka wai brackish. He mea kupanaha ka ʻai ʻana o ka moose i nā hua moa ʻono, no ka laʻana, lele agaric. Manaʻo ʻia e hana lākou i kēia i mea e kāpae ai i ko lākou kino mai nā ʻano ʻino.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
I ke kolu o ka makahiki o ke ola, kūpau kēia mau lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻāina terrestrial e komo i ka hana hou ʻana o kā lākou ʻano ponoʻī. ʻO kēia wā ponoʻī no ka holoholona i hōʻike ʻia, i kāhea ʻia Rut elk, hana ʻia i ka hoʻomaka mua o ka lau a hala ʻelua mau mahina.
Eia nō naʻe, ma nā ʻano he nui ka manawa kūpono o kona hoʻomaka ʻana kaukaʻi ʻia i ke aniau a me nā kūlana anilā o ia wahi. ʻO kahi hōʻailona kūlohelohe no ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hana moena he hoʻemi nui i nā hola o ke ao. A ma kahi o hoʻokahi pule ma mua o kēia wā, manaʻo nui nā kāne i ka hopohopo nui. ʻĀʻū lākou, lilo i hana a me ke kelepona hou, holo i waho i kahi lehulehu i nā wahi ākea, kahi halulu moose a holo ʻē.
I loko o ia mau manawa, nalowale kēia mau holoholona i kā lākou akahele, e lilo i mea maʻalahi no nā ʻenemi a me nā mea ʻimi holoholona maʻalea, ka mea e hoʻonui pinepine i kā lākou mau hana i ka wā o ka rut, e ʻike nei e pili ana i kēia hiʻohiʻona o ka moose a hoʻohana me ka laki maikaʻi na lākou iho.
Eia hou, ua lilo nā kāne i mau pupule. Huki lākou i nā kumu lāʻau me nā aʻa a hoʻonohonoho i kahi hōʻike ma waena o lākou iho. Noho ka mea lanakila me ka "lede puʻuwai" a hele aku ma hope ona, e hoʻokuʻu ana i nā kaniʻuhū o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana.
ʻO ke kino, hiki i kahi elk ke hoʻouluulu i nā hoa, hana pinepine kēia ma nā mahiʻai moose. Akā i ka nāhelehele, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, ʻaʻohe o ke kāne hoʻokahi wahine. Eia kekahi, hāpai ka bipi moose, a ma kahi e ka hopena o ka puna a i Iune paha, hānau ʻo ia, ma ke ʻano he rula, i hoʻokahi cub.
Hānau ʻia nā keiki bipi Moose me ka ʻulaʻula māmā māmā. ʻAneʻane ala koke lākou i ko lākou wāwae, a ma hope o kekahi mau lā ʻelua e hoʻāʻo lākou e hāhai i ko lākou makuahine ponoʻī.
Ua akāka pehea ka hānai ʻana o kēia mau māmela i kā lākou keiki. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia he ʻono like ka waiū o ka moose me he mea lā ka waiū bipi, akā ʻokoʻa i ka hana a huli momona. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha e ulu wikiwiki nā keiki bipi moose ma ka papaʻai i hōʻike ʻia a i loko o ʻeono mau mahina e hoʻonui i ko lākou kaumaha he ʻumi ka nui.
Ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi, hiki ke ola o kahi moose i kahi hapahā o ke kenekulia. Akā he nui nā lunamaka o kēia ʻano holoholona i make ma mua ma mua o nā maʻi, nā ulia pōpilikia, a me nā lauwili o ke aniau. A ʻo ka mea nui loa, lilo lākou i waiwai pio o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe a me nā kānaka. A ʻo ka hope loa o lākou he mea weliweli loa ia, maʻalea a loko ʻino hoʻi.
