ʻAʻole maopopo a hoʻopaʻapaʻa ka wehewehe ʻana o nā pulupulu ma ke ʻano he moss a me ka ʻokoʻa o kēia genus mai ka lāhui Boletus. ʻO Flywheels kahi hui like heterogeneous o nā hui a me nā ʻano. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia mau hui i kekahi e kekahi me nā anatomical like ʻole a me kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā noiʻi ʻana e nā mycologists e hōʻike nei ʻaʻole i iho mai nā ʻalalā mai kekahi kūpuna fungus mau.
Etymology o ka inoa "flywheel"
Noho nā kino hua o kēia laha i nā kula i uhi ʻia e ka limu i nā mea kanu konio a kāwili ʻia. ʻOhi ka poʻe ʻalalā i nā ʻalalā mai ka hopena o ka puna a hiki i ka hau mua. ʻAneʻane e ʻai nā ʻalalā a pau o kēia laha, koe wale nō nā flyworms wahaheʻe.
Ka wehewehe ʻana o ka hua manu lele
Loaʻa i nā Flywheels mai nā moʻokūʻauhau kekahi nā ʻano generic kū hoʻokahi, akā hāʻawi like lākou āpau i nā ʻano aʻe:
Pāpale
Mākaʻu iki a velvety. I nā hiʻohiʻona overripe, ua haki ka ʻili. ʻO ka nui o ka pāpale i ka pae o ke ola, akā ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku i 9 cm.
Pulp
Hōʻike ke kala i ka pūnaewele incision. Noho ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, huli melemele, huli ʻulaʻula, huli polū i ka hapanui o nā ʻano.
Hymenophore
He ākea nā pores o nā tubula, e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻulaʻula, mai ka melemele a i ke kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Ma hope o ka hōʻino, huli polū nā tubule.
Ka wāwae
Pili ke ʻano i ka laha, shriveled a laumania, ulu ke koʻokoʻo a 8 cm ke kiʻekiʻe.
Paʻi hoʻopaʻapaʻa
Pili ka malu i nā laha.
Nā hua ʻai e hiki ke ʻai
I loko o ka ʻohana Boletov, he pili ko ka ʻalalā - ka mushroom boletus. Hōʻiliʻili ka poʻe i kēia mau flywheels no ka meaʻai:
- ʻano ʻokoʻa;
- ulaʻula;
- ōmaʻomaʻo;
- Pōlani;
- melemele-ʻeleʻele.
ʻŌmaʻomaʻo Mosswheel
ʻIke ʻia ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau ākea, ma nā kihi o nā māla coniferous, kahi e ulu ai ka birch a me ka willow.
ʻOiai ʻaʻohe ʻano kūikawā o ka mushroom, kōkua kahi hoʻokolohua kemika maʻalahi e ʻike pono i ka pili ʻana i ka genus Green flywheel: huli ʻulaʻula ka pāpale inā hoʻopili ʻia kahi kulu o ka amonia home.
Kahi noho
Loaʻa ka flyworm ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina ʻEulopa, ʻAsia a me ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, Australia.
Pāpale
I nā momi ʻōpio, he hemispherical a me pubescent, lilo i laumania a haki i kekahi manawa ke oʻo ke kino o nā hua, hōʻike ʻia ka ʻiʻo melemele ma lalo o ka cuticle.
Ke wehe a piha, huli nā umbrellas o nā pāpale i brown a i ʻole ʻoliva, me ke anawaena o 4 a 8 cm me nā kaʻe kaulike a me ka wavy.
Nā paipu a me nā pores
He chrome-melemele i ke kala, pouli me ka makahiki, pili pono nā tubules i ka wāwae. Ke paopao, pores nā pores (ʻaʻole naʻe ma nā laʻana a pau) a laila ʻeleʻele kēia ʻāpana.
Ka wāwae
Pāʻele a ʻeleʻele iki paha, i kekahi manawa kuhi i ka kumu a hoʻonui i ka pāpale. ʻAʻole hoʻololi ka ʻiʻo o ke koʻokoʻo i ke kala a huli ʻulaʻula ke ʻoki a hōʻike ʻia i ka ea. 1 a 2 cm i ke anawaena, lōʻihi 4 a 8 cm.
Pākuʻi ʻoliva paʻi spore. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka pilau / ʻono.
ʻO ka nohona noho a me ke kaiaola
Hoʻokumu like kēia fungus mycorrhizal a i ʻole i nā hui liʻiliʻi ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau ākea i nā pāka a me ka ululāʻau hoʻohuihui, ʻo ia hoʻi i ka lepo pōhaku.
Manu lele ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka kuke ʻana
ʻAi ʻo Boletus, akā ʻaʻole makemake nui ʻia. Hoʻohui ʻia i nā momi ʻē aʻe i nā kīʻaha, hoʻomaloʻo a mālama ʻia no ka hoʻohana hope.
ʻWlena ʻōleʻele ʻo Flywheel
Hōʻiliʻili ʻia kēia mushroom palupalu mai a kokoke paha i nā māla pine, a ma waena pinepine o heather. Piʻi ia i nā hui liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole ʻohana. Hāʻawi nā pores o nā hiʻohiʻona ʻōpio i nā droplets waiū ʻano. I ka wā pulu, palu iki ka pāpale, ʻaʻole wīwī.
Kahi noho
I ka ʻāina ʻĀinapuni ʻole, ʻike pinepine ʻia ka flyworm melemele-ʻeleʻele i nā latitude ʻĀkau, kokoke i ka hema a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai ʻo ka pae i Asia. ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻano ma nā ʻāpana o ʻAmelika ʻĀkau.
Pāpale
Melemele-melemele i melemele-ʻeleʻele i ke kala, ʻaneʻane maloʻo mau ka ʻili (koe wale nō i ke anuanu), velvety finely a scaly scaly paha, ulu i 4-10 cm i ke anawaena a koe iki ka ʻono. He melemele a palupalu ka pulp, ʻike polū ke ʻoki ʻia.
Nā paipu a me nā pores
Unsymmetrical, i ʻoki iki ʻia i nā aniani ʻokiʻoki kala me nā pores o ke kala ʻoliva, kahi e lawe ai i ka kinamona a me ka ʻina mākeke ke oʻo loa.
Ka wāwae
Lawe iki i ke koʻokoʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo melemele a ʻaʻohe kūpeʻe a i ʻole zona annular. Ke ʻoki, ʻaʻole e loli ka ʻalani melemele mae o ke koʻokoʻo i ke kala.
Paʻi hoʻopaʻapaʻa
ʻO Ocher a i ʻole ʻo Isinna Brown. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka honi, ʻawaʻawa loa ka ʻono.
Mossy melemele-ʻeleʻele i ka kuke ʻana
Eia naʻe, he ʻono metallic kā Edible a me kahi ʻala maikaʻi ʻole ke kuke ʻia.
Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻonāukiuki i ka ʻōpū. No laila, he ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā pāpale, e hemo i ka papa o nā tubule, e kuke pono a laila, e like me ka hihia me nā mea kanu ʻai e hoʻāʻo ʻia no ka manawa mua, e hoʻopau i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a hiki i kou kūpaʻa ʻole ʻaʻohe hopena ʻaoʻao.
ʻUlaʻula Flywheel
Ke ulu nei kahi fungus fungus ectomycorrhizal nani ma ka lepo momona ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau deciduous, makemake nui i ka beech a me ka ʻoka, hoʻouluulu i nā hui, ma kahi o kahi mele, i loaʻa ma nā kahele nahele, i nā kula, nā kula, nā pāka a me nā māla.
Kahi noho
ʻO ka mushroom, kakaʻikahi a hele ʻole paha i nā latitude ʻĀkau, makemake i kahi anuanu hoʻomehana o ʻEulopa, kū i nā hui o 3 a 10 mau laʻana.
Pāpale
Mai ka 3 a i ka 8 cm ākea, ākea convex, a laila pālahalaha ʻia, i kekahi manawa me kahi kaumaha waena liʻiliʻi. I nā lauā ʻōpio, he ʻulaʻula ia, me ka hoʻololi i kahi kala makua, ʻoliva-ʻulaʻula me kahi ʻāpana ʻōmaʻomaʻo melemele. Maloʻo ka ʻili a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi, kākaʻikahi ka haki ʻana i loko o nā ʻalalā kahiko.
Nā paipu a me nā pores
He melemele nā tubule, melemele nā pores, ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ka makahiki. Ke hōʻino ʻia, huli polū nā pores a me nā paipu.
Ka wāwae
ʻO 4 a 8 cm ka lōʻihi, 4 a 8 mm i ke anawaena, paukūʻolokaʻa, melemele ʻōlinolino ma luna a huli ʻulaʻula i ke kumu. Lele melemele ka ʻiʻo, lilo i melemele hohonu i ke kumu a uliuli ke ʻoki.
Pākuʻi ʻoliva paʻi spore. ʻAno ʻaʻala maikaʻi, ʻaʻole haʻi ʻia ka ʻono (kahi kopa liʻiliʻi).
Manu lele ʻulaʻula i ka kuke ʻana
Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia kēia mau momulū liʻiliʻi me nā ʻūlū i ka wā makua. ʻAʻole ʻono ka ʻono a me ka ʻala haʻahaʻa i ka kuke ʻana a me ka palai ʻana. Hoʻopili a maloʻo paha ka mushroom, hoʻohana pū ʻia me nā ʻalalā ʻē aʻe.
Polohi moss
Hoʻolahalaha ʻia i nā ululāʻau spruce a me nā paina, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ma lalo o nā ʻoka, nā nūnū, nā umauma a me nā lāʻau ākea ākea ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ke kauwela a me ke kauwela ka wā nui o ka ʻimi holoholona no nā hua moa i ʻai ʻia, kahi mea ʻono e like ai me nā hua puaʻa porcini, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi i hoʻopiha ʻia me nā larva, ʻoiai ke wehe hāmama ʻia o ka pāpale.
Kahi noho
ʻO ka moss polish kahi ʻano laha maʻamau i nā aniau ʻano o ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika Hema. ʻAʻohe ulu iki i nā hui ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau laʻana; ma lalo o nā pine kahiko, a hiki i ka 4-5 mau hau i ʻike ʻia.
Pāpale
Nui, ʻalalā ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ka chestnut, pubescent iki i nā momona momona. Ua ulu a 5-15 knm ke anawaena, he kūpaʻa, a he kikokiko ʻulaʻula, huli polū ke ʻoki ʻia.
ʻIʻo kikokiko
ʻO keʻokeʻo o ka pāpale a me ke koʻokoʻo he keʻokeʻo a i ʻole kekahi manawa melemele i ke kala i ka manawa mua o ke ola o ka flyworm Polani, a laila hele a pololei ma lalo o ka cuticle o ka pāpale a huli polū iki i ka wahi ma luna pono o nā paipu a ma ka piko o ka wāwae.
Tubule
Melemele ʻo Pale, e ʻulaʻula ana i ka ʻokiʻoki ʻana, e pau ana i nā pores angular melemele ākea (ʻaneʻane mau) e ʻōmaʻomaʻo uliuli ke ʻoki. Kū koke ka loli a ʻike nui ʻia i nā ʻulā oʻo, a inā ʻoe e hoʻopā i nā pores, e waiho ana kahi māka uliuli ma kou mau lima.
Ka wāwae
Uhi ʻia ka wāwae ʻeleʻele me nā pae pulupulu maikaʻi e hāʻawi iā ia i kahi onionio. ʻAʻohe apo, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke anawaena a ʻoi paha ke aniani o ke koʻokoʻo, keu hoʻi ma ke kumu. 2 a 3 cm ke anawaena, 5 a 15 cm ke kiʻekiʻe. Keʻokeʻo a i ʻole lemon lemu ka ʻiʻo a huli iki i ka wā ʻoki
Pākuʻi ʻoliva paʻi spore. ʻAno momona momona, ʻaʻole ʻala ʻokoʻa.
Moss polish i ka kuke ʻana
Nui a momona nā kāhulu. I kēlā me kēia meheu, ua hoʻololi ʻia nā hua puaʻa porcini me nā ʻalalapa Polani, a ʻaʻole ʻike ka poʻe ʻai e ka ʻono i ka loli ʻana. Hoʻomaloʻo ʻia kēia mau momoma no ka mālama ʻana, ʻokiʻoki i mau ʻāpana kūleʻa lahilahi, a laila paʻahau no ka hoʻohana ma hope.
Moss motley
He ʻano laha ʻole ia ma ka pae ʻāina ʻo ʻEulopa. Loaʻa ka moss motley ma lalo o nā conifers, akā i kekahi manawa i nā beech.
Pāpale
Pāpaʻu, koleka, hina-melemele a brownish paha, ʻā, e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻāpana lahilahi o ka ʻulaʻula ma lalo o ka ʻili. Pakuhi 4 a 10 cm, ke wehe piha ʻia, huli polū ka ʻiʻo maikaʻi ke ʻoki ʻia.
Nā paipu a me nā pores
Pau nā paipu melemele i ka nui, angular, nā pores melemele melemele e hoʻohuli i ka ʻoliva haumia me ka makahiki. Ke ʻulupā, nā pores o nā mākua e huli lohi i ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
Ka wāwae
Kahi ʻole, melemele ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā fibril ʻulaʻula koala e hāʻawi i ke ʻano o ka rhubarb. Ke ʻoki, huli ka ʻiʻo o ke koʻokoʻo i ʻulaʻula ma lalo pono o ka pū o waho, ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe he momona, ʻaʻole e uliuli. Mai 10 a 15 mm i ke anawaena a mai 4 a 8 cm i ke kiʻekiʻe, like ke anawaena ma kona lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa.
Pākuʻi ʻoliva paʻi spore. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka pilau / ʻono.
Moss motley i ka kuke ʻana
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona mākua o ka liʻiliʻi culinary hoihoi ma muli o kā lākou ʻano momona. ʻAi ka homa inā kuke maikaʻi.
Nā lele lele hewa
Palehua Flywheel
ʻAʻohe mea ʻawahia, ʻawaʻawa, ʻoluʻolu ʻole i ka ʻono, ulu ma nā koena o ka lole pseudo-raincoat warty. Aia ka pāpale i 5 knm ke anawaena, ʻaʻole huli polū ke hōʻino ʻia.
Lāʻau Chestnut
Brown-ʻulaʻula, convex, a i 8 cm ke anawaena, ʻaʻole e hoʻololi i ke kala ke ʻoki ʻia. Leg-cylinder 3.5 x 3 cm e kūlike i ka pāpale. ʻAi kēia flywheel, akā ma hope wale o ka paila ʻana a me ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana. A laila nalowale ke awaawa.
Lāʻau Gall
ʻO ka wāwae nui e like me ka wāwae o ka mushroom porcini. ʻO ke anawaena o ka pāpale spongy a hiki i ka 7 cm. ʻono ka ʻulaʻula i ka ʻawaʻawa, puhi i ke alelo. ʻAʻole ʻai a hoʻomoe ʻole nā lopako i kēia kamalā.
Mūmū Pepper
Mālamalama ke poʻo o ka pāpale, convex, a i 7 cm ke anawaena. Wehe ka ʻiʻo, melemele, ʻulaʻula ke ʻoki ʻia, me kahi ʻono peppery ʻono. Kūlou ka wāwae, cylindrical, kala e kūlike i ka pāpale, yellower ma ka honua.
Nā ʻōuli o ka lāʻau make me nā lele lele wahaheʻe
ʻAʻole ʻono nā hakeke wahaheʻe āpau, ʻaʻole lākou i make i kā lākou hoʻohana. ʻOno lākou i ka ʻawaʻawa, no laila kuha wale ka poʻe i nā fungus me ka ʻai ʻole i nā mea o ka pā, ʻoiai inā pau i ka pā.
Inā ʻai ka poʻe āpau i ka lele lele hewa, a laila e hoʻonāukiuki ka gastrointestinal. Hoʻomaʻo - gastric lavage, ʻai o sorbents.
He aha nā pono olakino o kahi flywheel
ʻO ia kahi haʻalulu haʻahaʻa-calorie me kahi waiwai nutritional haʻahaʻa, akā he nui nā mea o nā aila pono, kahi e kōkua ai i ka asimilation o nā meaʻai i lawelawe pū ʻia me nā momona.
Hale kūʻai ʻo Flywheels i ka molybdenum, kahi mea hao i pili i nā hana he nui i loko o ke kino. Eia kekahi, nā kino hua:
- wikamina A;
- kalipuna;
- nā aila pono;
- nā ʻenekema
I ka lāʻau lāhui, hoʻohana ʻia nā mushroom e mālama ai i nā hana hoʻohaunaele i ke kino. Ua ʻike nā mycologists i nā antibiotic kūlohelohe i ka ʻiʻo o ka lau.
I ka manawa hea e ʻalo ai nā lele lele
ʻO nā pāpale o ka agaric lele a me ka agaric lele agaric ka mea like. I kahi mushroom ʻino, lamellar ia, i loko o nā flyworms, he tubular ia. No laila, inā ʻaʻohe ʻike i ka ʻike ʻana i nā huaalaki, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻaʻole e ʻohi i nā huaʻalalā inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i nā peculiarities o ka morphology o nā momona.
E like me nā lāhui ʻē aʻe, paʻakikī nā mushroom ma ka digestive tract kanaka, ʻoiai ma hope o ka kuke ʻana. Hoʻonui lākou i ka papa o ka maʻi ʻōpū a me nā ake, nā maʻi āpau o ka meaʻai. ʻAʻohe o nā enzyme a nā kamaliʻi no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka meaʻai mushroom, ʻaʻole wale nō i ka ʻalalā.
Hōʻalo i nā wahi hakea kokoke i nā alanui, nā mea kanu ʻoihana, a me nā ala kokoke i nā mahi mahi mahi mahi. Mālama koke ʻia ʻo Flywheels i nā mea hōʻino a mālama iā lākou ma hope o ka hoʻomākaukau pono ʻana.
Moss ʻohiʻohi
ʻAʻole hiki ke mālama hou i nā ʻūlū no ka manawa lōʻihi, nāu koke nō ia. No ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻohi no ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoʻulu ka hau, piko a maloʻo paha.
