ʻO ka tundra Arctic kahi ʻano kaiaolaola kūikawā, ʻike ʻia e nā hau hau ʻino a me ke aniau ʻino loa. Akā, e like me nā wahi ʻē aʻe, e noho nā lunamakaʻāina ʻokoʻa o ka holoholona a me ka honua i laila, i kūpono i nā kūlana nohona maikaʻi ʻole.
He ilihune loa ka tundra Arctic i nā mea kanu. Ua hoʻomalu ʻia e nā hau ʻino, permafrost, e piʻi ana i 50-90 knm hohonu. Eia nō naʻe, he mau nā kumulāʻau dwarf, nā ʻano like ʻole o ka limu, nā laikini a me nā mauʻu i nā wahi like ʻole. ʻAʻole ola nā kumulāʻau me nā aʻa hohola i kēlā ʻano kūlana.
ʻO ke aniau tundra Arctic
Aia ka ʻāpana tundra arctic tundra i ka hemisphere ʻākau. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui o ia wahi ka uhi hau o ka ʻāina. ʻO nā pō Polar i ka tundra i hala i mau mahina. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kahi wahi ʻino e nā makani ikaika i hiki ke piʻi i 100 km / h a haki ka honua mai ka hau. ʻO ke kiʻi e like me ka wao nahele hau, ʻōlohelohe, i ʻōpala ʻia me ka ʻōpala. I kekahi manawa hele i loko o ka hau nā kaha liʻiliʻi o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻo ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai ka tundra he spotty.
I ka hoʻoilo, piʻi ka mahana o ka ea i ka tundra Arctic i -50 kekelē, ʻo ka awelika -28 kekelē. Paʻahau nā wai āpau ma ia wahi a no ka permafrost, ʻoiai i ke kauwela, ʻaʻole hiki ke komo i ka wai i loko o ka lepo. ʻO ka hopena, ua lilo ka lepo i lepo, a hiki i nā loko ke kū ma luna o kona ʻili. I ke kauwela, loaʻa i ka tundra kahi nui o ka ua, a hiki i 25 knm.
Ma muli o nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole, ʻaʻole hōʻike ka poʻe i ka hoihoi i ka noho ʻana ma kēia wahi. ʻO ke kamaʻāina o ka ʻĀkau ʻākau wale nō ka mea hiki ke kū i nā kūlana aniau paʻakikī.
Flora a me nā holoholona
ʻAʻohe o nā ululāʻau ʻo ka tundra. ʻO ka ʻāpana e hoʻomalu ʻia e kahi uhi moʻo-lichen sparse, i "hoʻoheheʻe ʻia" e nā wahi pohō. Aia ma kahi o 1680 mau ʻano mea kanu, a ma kahi o 200-300 e pua ana, ʻo ke koena he limu a me nā laikini. ʻO nā mea kanu maʻamau o ka tundra nā blueberry, nā lingonberry, nā cloudberry, ke kamāliʻiwahine, ka lohi ʻodia, ka onioni, ka pā palai, ka mauʻu pulupulu a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Pōlū
Lingonberry
Kapuaʻi
Kamāliʻiwahine
Loydia lohi
Fluff puʻupuʻu
ʻO kekahi o nā kumulāʻau kaulana loa o ka tundra arctic ka arctoalpine. Ma kahi kokoke i ka hema, hiki i nā birch dwarf, sedges a me nā dryads ke loaʻa.
ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa loa ka holoholona o ka tundra. Noho wale nā ʻano meaola he 49 ma aneʻi, e like me nā moa wai a me nā mea ʻūmama. Hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia ka lawaiʻa a me ka mahi ʻai ʻo ka reindeer i kēia wahi. ʻO nā lunamaka kaulana loa o ka honua holoholona, he ʻalalā, nā loona, nā geese, nā lemmings, nā ʻāpana, nā lark, nā ʻalopeke arctic, nā hare keʻokeʻo, nā ermines, nā wea, nā ʻalopeke, nā reindeer a me nā ʻīlio hae. ʻAʻole hiki ke loaʻa nā mea kolo, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou e noho i nā ʻano koʻikoʻi. ʻIke ʻia nā rana ma kahi kokoke i ka hema. He iʻa makemake ʻia nā salemona.
Palemona
Pālolo
ʻAlopeke ʻAlika
Hare
ʻO Ermine
Weasel
Alopeke
Reindeer
Wolf
Ma waena o nā mea kolo o ka tundra, ʻike ʻia ka makika, nā bumblebees, nā butterflies a me nā springtails. ʻAʻole hāʻawi ʻo Permafrost i ka hana hou ʻana o nā holoholona a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi ʻano o nā holoholona. ʻAʻohe o nā meaola hibernating a me nā holoholona burrowing i ka tundra Arctic.
Nā Minelala
Nui ka waiwai o ka ʻāina tundra Arctic tundra i nā kumuwaiwai koʻikoʻi nui. Maanei hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā minelala e like me ka aila a me ka uranium, nā koena o ka mammoth hulu hipa, a me nā mea hao a me nā mea minelala.
I kēia lā, koʻikoʻi ka pilikia o ka hoʻomehana honua a me ka hopena o ka tundra Arctic i ke kūlana kaiapuni i ka honua. Ma ka hopena o ka hoʻomehana ʻana, hoʻomaka ka permafrost e hoʻoheheʻe a loaʻa ke kalapona a me ka methane i ka lewa. ʻAʻole hoʻololi iki ka loli wikiwiki i ka hana a ke kanaka.
