He paʻakikī ke noʻonoʻo e like me kahi holoholona ʻano leʻaleʻa, ʻakaʻaka iki, liʻiliʻi, marsupial e like me opossum, ʻo ia kekahi o nā holoholona kahiko i ola i ko mākou mau manawa, ʻano like ʻole i ka helehelena. Nui ka poʻe i aloha aku iā lākou ma hope o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻo "Ice Age", kahi i komo ai nā ʻumeume ʻumeʻume ʻo Eddie lāua ʻo Crash i nā hanana pīhoihoi like ʻole, a ukali ʻia e nā miliona o ka poʻe a puni ka honua. E hoʻāʻo e maopopo pono i ka mōʻaukala a me ke ola o kēia holoholona fluffy.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Possum
ʻO ka ʻohana posum kahi papa o nā māmela mamsupial e noho nui nei ma ka ʻāina ʻAmelika (ʻoiai, ʻo ʻAmelika Hema a ʻĀkau ʻĀkau). ʻO kēia kekahi o nā poʻe kahiko o ka Honua, i ola a hiki i kēia lā mai ka wā Cretaceous. He mea nui ia mai kēlā mau manawa mamao loa, ʻaʻole i loli iki nā holoholona i ko lākou helehelena, no ka mea, mālama ʻia i ko lākou ʻano maoli.
A ʻo ʻAmelika hoʻi, ua ʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema he mau posum wale nō ka mea i noho ma ka ʻāina ʻAmelika Hema. Ma hope, i ke ala ʻana o ke alahaka i kapa ʻia ma waena o ʻAmelika, ua hoʻomaka ka neʻe ʻana o nā holoholona he nui o nā ʻano holoholona āpau mai ʻAmelika Hema i ka Hema, a ua nui ka make o nā marsupial ma ʻAmelika Hema. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i ola nā ʻano posum āpau, akā maikaʻi ia ua ola kekahi mau mea i ko mākou manawa a ua hiki ke hoʻololi pono i nā kūlana hou o ke ola.
Video: Possum
Ma waho aʻe o ka mea i hiki i kēia mau holoholona liʻiliʻi ke ola a hoʻomaʻa i nā loli, ua hoʻolaha lākou iā lākou a puni ʻAmelika Hema kokoke i Kanada. Ke aʻo nei i ke kumu o kēia mau holoholona, pono ʻoe e nānā pono i ka ʻikepili o ka ʻeli ʻana, nāna e haʻi iā mākou i hoʻokahi manawa, i ka wā kahiko, noho ʻia nā ʻumopa ma ʻEulopa.
Inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e komo i loko o ka mōʻaukala kahiko loa, akā i loko o kahi e hiki ai i ke kanaka, a laila kani ʻia kekahi o nā ʻōlelo mua o ka posum i loko o ka puke a ka mea kālaihonua Paniolo, ke kahuna pule a me ka mea kākau moʻolelo ʻo Pedro Cieza de Leon i ka makahiki 1553, ua kapa ʻia kēia hana ʻo Chronicle of Peru I loko o ia mea, ua wehewehe ka Paniolo i kahi holoholona liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole naʻe i ʻike ʻia iā ia, e like me ka ʻalopeke, he huelo lōʻihi, nā wāwae liʻiliʻi a me ka ʻahu brownish.
ʻO nā ʻohana pili loa o nā posum mai ʻAmelika nā posum i hana ʻia iole. E like me ka mea i hoʻomaopopo ʻia, nui nā ʻano o nā posum, ʻokoʻa lākou i ka helehelena a noho i nā ʻano panalāʻau ʻokoʻa.
E wehewehe i kekahi o lākou:
- Nui loa ka opossum maʻamau, hiki i kona kaumaha i 6 kg. Lawe ka holoholona i nā mea ulu i nā ululāʻau e waiho ana ma kapa o nā ʻano wai like ʻole, nā pāʻina ma nā cereala, nā moʻo, ʻai i nā ʻano meaola like ʻole a me nā lau nahele.
- ʻO Opossum Virginia he nui nui (a hiki i 6 kg), aloha i nā ululāʻau me ka wela nui, akā ke ola nei i nā pā. ʻAi i nā koʻokoʻo liʻiliʻi, nā manu, nā hua manu, lāpaki ʻōpio;
- Aia ka wai opossum, kūlohelohe, kokoke i ka wai, ʻai i ka iʻa, crayfish, ʻōpae, e lawaiʻa ana i kāna ʻaina awakea e lana pono ana. I kekahi manawa ʻoluʻolu i ka hua. ʻAʻole nui ʻo ia e like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o kona ʻohana;
- Liʻiliʻi loa ka Mouse opossum. ʻO kona lōʻihi ma kahi o 15 knm. Hoʻohanohano ia i nā ululāʻau mauna (a hiki i 2.5 km kiʻekiʻe). ʻAi nā pepelu, nā hua manu a me nā ʻano hua like ʻole;
- ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka opossum hina huelo hina, ʻoi aku kona kaumaha ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli mau gram, a ʻo kona lōʻihi mai 12 a 16 cm. Makemake ʻo ia i nā ʻāina pālahalaha, uhi paʻa ʻia me ka mauʻu liʻiliʻi, makemake e noho pū me ka noho kanaka;
- ʻO ka Patagonian posum kahi liʻiliʻi loa, ke kaupaona ʻia ma kahi o 50 gram. ʻO kānaʻai nui nā ʻelala.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, i ka hoʻohui i kēlā mau papa inoa, aia kekahi mau ʻano o nā posum.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: holoholona Possum
Ua ʻike mākou aia he mau ʻano pume i loko o ke kūlohelohe, no laila, e noʻonoʻo mākou i nā ʻano kūwaho kūwaho a me nā hiʻohiʻona o kēia holoholona e hoʻohana nei i ka laʻana o ka kemungkinan maʻamau. Liʻiliʻi nā ana o kēia holoholona, i ka lōʻihi e hiki aku ma kahi o 60 knm, ʻo nā wahine he 10 kenimika ka liʻiliʻi. Ma ka laulā, like ka nui o ka posum me ka pōpoki mākua maʻamau. Kuhikuhi kona ʻūlū a hoʻolōʻihi ʻia.
ʻO ka huelo o ka holoholona he mana, ʻōlohelohe, ʻaʻole i uhi ʻia me ka hulu hipa, ma ke kumu he mānoanoa ʻo ia. Me ia, kau ka posum ma nā lālā ke hiamoe ʻo ia a neʻe paha i ka lei o nā lāʻau. ʻAʻole lōʻihi ka lole ʻahu o ka posum, akā paʻa pono i ka mea.
Hoʻololi ke kala o nā holoholona i kā lākou ʻano a me nā wahi noho, no laila hiki i nā posum ke:
- Hina hina;
- Hina hina;
- Palaunu;
- Hina hina;
- Eleʻele;
- Beige
Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka posum maʻamau, a laila hina kona huluhulu me nā ʻāhinahina keʻokeʻo, a ʻoi aku ka māmā o kona poʻo, kahi e ʻeleʻele ai, e like me nā lei, nā maka a me nā pepeiao pepeiao i kū aʻe. ʻElima mau manamana wāwae o nā wāwae o ka holoholona, he māiʻuʻoi ko kēlā me kēia manamana wāwae. Hōʻike nā iwi ā o ka holoholona i kona ʻano primitiveness. He 50 mau niho ka posum, he 4 o lākou he canine, like ko lākou ʻano a me ko lākou wahi me ka hanana o nā niho o nā māmela kahiko.
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka holoholona ke kū o kahi ʻeke kahi e hāpai ai i nā pēpē, no ka mea, hānau mua ʻia lākou, a ma laila e ulu a ikaika ai lākou. ʻO ka ʻeke he pelu o ka ʻili e hāmama i ka huelo. ʻO ka mea e mahalo ai, ua nele kekahi ʻāpana o nā posum i kahi ʻeke, ʻē. ʻeke ʻole, a kau nā keiki i ka umauma o ka makuahine a hiki i ke kūʻokoʻa ʻana.
Ma hea e noho ai ka posum?
Kiʻi: Posum nui
I kēia mau lā, ua hoʻomau nā posum i ko lākou wahi noho paʻa wale nō i ka Honua Hou, ʻoiai ua pālahalaha mua ʻia ma waena o ʻEulopa, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e nā ʻeli paleontological. Ua noho ʻo Possums ma nā panalāʻau o ʻAmelika ʻĀkau (ʻĀkau a me ʻAkau Hema). I kēia mau lā, ua ʻike ka poʻe ʻepekema zoological ke neʻe nei ko lākou wahi noho i ka ʻākau, a hiki i ka ʻaoʻao hema hikina o Kanada a me nā Lesser Antilles.
Lawe ʻo Opossums i kahi makemake i nā ulu lāʻau, steppes, wahi semi-wao akua. Noho lāua ʻelua ma nā kula a ma nā wahi mauna, ʻaʻole e kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma mua o 4 km. No ka mea Nui nā ʻano o nā posum, a laila hāʻawi lākou i ka makemake i nā ʻano noho like ʻole. Pono kekahi mau laha i ke kokoke o ka wai, alakaʻi lākou i kahi nohona semi-aquatic, e hana ana i nā lua i nā lua o nā lāʻau. Eia nō naʻe, noho ka hapa nui o ka ʻohana posum i nā kumulāʻau a i ʻole i ka honua.
ʻO kahi nānā hoihoi kahi mau ʻano i noho kokoke i nā hale o ke kanaka, ʻoiai no ka hapa nui o nā posum makemake lākou e hōʻalo i nā kānaka, ke kāʻalo iā lākou.
He aha ka ʻai a ka posum?
Kiʻi: Posum hoʻomākeʻaka
Hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo he omnivorous ka posum. ʻAi ʻo ia i nā mea kanu a me nā meaʻai holoholona. Ma ka laulaha, pili ka ʻono o kāna mau ʻono i ke ʻano a me kahi o kona noho. ʻIke ʻia e ʻai nui lākou i nā posum, me he mea lā ʻaʻole hiki ke lawa, akā ʻaʻole pēlā. Akamai loa nā holoholona a ʻai i ka mālama, mālama i ka momona inā pilikia ka pōloli, hiki mai nā manawa paʻakikī. ʻO ka Cannibalism kahi hanana maʻamau i waena o kēia mau holoholona hihiu.
ʻO ka maʻamau he menu posum o:
- Nā hua berena āpau;
- Hua;
- Nā Haualū;
- Nā pepelu like ʻole;
- Nā moʻo liʻiliʻi;
- ʻO nā rodents liʻiliʻi;
- ʻO ka iʻa, crustacean, ʻōpae (i ka wai posum);
- Nā manu liʻiliʻi;
- Nā hua manu;
- ʻO nā mea kanu;
- Nā lau nahele;
- ʻ cpala palaoa;
- Nā ʻanoʻano o nā cereal.
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi holoholona ʻokoʻa me he posum lā, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hānai iā ia me nā mea kanu like ʻole, nā huaʻai, kaʻiʻo moa a me nā hua manu. Hiki ke hānai ʻia ʻo Opossum me ka meaʻai o ka pōpoki mau, akā ʻaʻole mau a pinepine pinepine ʻole. A maikaʻi loa kāna makemake.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Possum
Ma o ko lākou ʻano, he mehameha nā posum a loaʻa he mau kāne wale nō i ke kau moʻo, makemake e alakaʻi i kahi noho kaʻawale, kaʻawale. Alaka kēia mau holoholona i kahi ala pōloli, e hoʻoulu ke ʻeleʻele ana. I ke ao, moe nā holoholona i loko o kā lākou lua a i ʻole i ka lei o nā kumulāʻau, e kau ana mai kahi lālā me ke kōkua o kā lākou huelo ikaika, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i nā tentacles. ʻO ka hiamoe maikaʻi a me ka ʻoluʻolu kahi hana punahele no nā posum, kahi a lākou e hoʻomau ai e hana ma kahi o 19 mau hola i ka lā.
Ma ke ʻano laulā, ma ke ʻano maoli, hilahila loa nā holoholona a makaʻala hoʻi, pale lākou i ka hui ʻana me kekahi kanaka, ʻo ka hopu ʻana i ka posum ʻaʻole ia he hana maʻalahi. Ma luna o kēlā, he mau mea noho mālie lākou, kokoke e kani ʻole. ʻAʻohe kāhea iki ka holoholona, ke ʻike wale ia i ka ʻehaʻeha loa. I nā hihia ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe kumu o ka posum no ke kūkākūkā wela a me nā kamaʻilio nui. He mālie ke ʻano o nā holoholona, a ʻike ʻole ʻia ka hana kolohe ma hope o lākou.
ʻO nā Opossum nā rana dart make make taleni mākaukau loa, mākaukau e kau ma nā lālā lāʻau i ka lā holoʻokoʻa, hiamoe pinepine lākou i lalo, e pili ana i kahi lālā me kā lākou huelo. Eia nō naʻe, me ke kōkua o ka huelo like a me nā pale manamana mānoanoa, neʻe lākou i ka lei ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia kekahi mau ʻano e noho wale ma ka ʻāina, akā he nui aku nā mea nui e alakaʻi i kahi nohona arboreal. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ke tālena o ka posum wai ka hiki ke ʻau, kahi āna e hoʻohana pono ai, e kiʻi ana i kāna meaʻai mai ka wai.
ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ola o nā posum ko lākou nohona nomandic (ʻauana). Holo mau lākou mai kahi a kahi, me ka ʻole o kā lākou ʻāina kū kaʻawale, e like me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. E hibernate nā holoholona e noho nei i ka ʻākau ma ka wā anuanu koʻikoʻi. I loko o ia, i nā lā mahana a me nā lā wela, ala aʻe ka posum e hōʻoluʻolu iā ia iho, e ala ana no kahi manawa pōkole.
I waena o ka poʻe i loaʻa kahi pipi nui e like me ka posum, aia ka manaʻo ʻaʻole i loaʻa i kēia mau holoholona ka ʻike nui, akā he pāʻani loa a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi lākou, ʻaʻole ʻoe e luhi pū me lākou.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Posum pēpē
ʻO nā hoa opossums hoʻokahi wale nō no kahi wā hānau pōkole. I nā ʻano ʻokoʻa, kū ia i nā manawa like ʻole. ʻO kahi laʻana, hānau ka North America posum i nā keiki ma kahi o ʻekolu mau manawa o ka makahiki, a ʻo kēlā mau ʻano i makemake i nā panalāʻau o nā tropika e hānai i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa. ʻO nā holoholona i noho ʻole i nā kumulāʻau e hana i kekahi mea e like me nā pūnana manu, a hānau nā holoholona terrestrial i nā lua i haʻalele ʻia e kekahi, nā lua i hūnā ʻia a ma waena o nā aʻa lāʻau nui.
Pono e hoʻomaopopo he momona ka posum. Hiki i kahi ʻōpala ke loaʻa i 25 mau pēpē, akā kākaʻikahi kēia. ʻO ka maʻamau hānau ʻia he 8 a 15 mau pēpē. ʻOiai hana ʻia ka nui o nā pēpē i ka manawa hoʻokahi, ʻo ka nimble a ikaika loa ke ola, no ka mea, he 12 a 13 mau nipples wale nō ka makuahine. ʻAʻole lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka hāpai ʻana o ka wahine a ma kahi o 25 mau lā, ma nā ʻano liʻiliʻi he 15 mau paha ka liʻiliʻi o nā pēpē, like me nā embryos, ʻo ko lākou kaupaona he 2 - 5 wale nō gram.
I nā posum marsupial, pala nā pēpē i loko o ka ʻeke, kahi e loaʻa ai nā nipples e hoʻolako i nā pēpē me ka waiū. I nā holoholona huhū, kau pono nā pēpē ma ka umauma o ka makuahine, pili pono i nā nipples. Ma hope o ʻelua mau mahina, lilo nā pēpē e like me nā holoholona makua, e uhi ʻia me ka lauoho, e ʻike i ka ʻike a loaʻa ke kaumaha. He mea hoihoi ka mālama ʻana o ka makuahine i kāna mau keiki me ka waiū umauma no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻo kēia manawa he ʻekolu mau mahina holoʻokoʻa.
ʻAʻole maʻalahi ke ola no ka makuahine opossum, hiki i kēia ke ʻōlelo ʻia, ma ke ʻano maoli a me ka hoʻohālikelike, no ka mea holo nā keiki makua me ka ʻohana nui āpau iā ia, e pili ana i ka huluhulu ma ko lākou kua. Ke manaʻo nei he nui nā keiki a ka makuahine, he paʻakikī e noʻonoʻo i kahi kaumaha nui e lawe i kēlā me kēia lā. Ma hope o ʻekolu mau mahina o ka hānai ʻana, hoʻomaka nā pēpē e ʻai e like me nā mākua. A ʻo nā wahine a me nā kāne a lilo i moekolohe ma o 6 - 8 mau mahina. Noho ʻo Opossums i ko lākou wahi kūlohelohe ma kahi o ʻelima mau makahiki, i ka paʻa pio ʻana, ua noho nā hiʻohiʻona he ʻeiwa.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā posum
Kiʻi: Posum holoholona
I ka nahelehele, he nui nā ʻenemi o nā posum, no ka mea he holoholona liʻiliʻi a hilahila ia, ʻaʻole makaʻu ka nui o nā mea ʻino nui i ka pāʻina ʻana iā lākou. ʻO Possum detractors nā lynxes, ʻalopeke, pueo a me nā manu nui o nā pio, coyotes. No nā holoholona ʻōpio, weliweli hoʻi nā ʻano nāhesa āpau. Ma waho aʻe o nā predators, lawe ka nui o nā holoholona i kahi maʻi e like me ka rabies, i hāpai pinepine ʻia e ka Virginia posum.
He mea kūpono ke haʻi ʻokoʻa e pili ana i ke ala kūʻokoʻa o ka pale ʻana i nā hōʻeha hōʻeuʻeu i hoʻohana ʻia e nā posum i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā hana keaka holoʻokoʻa. Ke hiki koke mai ka hoʻoweliweli, hoʻoliʻiliʻi ka posum me ka mākaukau loa a hiki ʻole i ka predator ke manaʻo he hoʻopunipuni wale nō ia. Hāʻule ka opossum, lilo kāna mau maka i aniani, ʻike ʻia ka hua mai kona waha, a hoʻopuka nā gland anal kūikawā i kahi ʻala cadaveric. Hoʻoweliweli kēia kiʻi holoʻokoʻa i nā mea ʻino nāna, i honi i ka "carrion", hoʻowahāwahā a haʻalele. Ke pau ka ʻenemi, ola ke holoholona a lele lele, ʻoiai no ʻelua mau minuke ua make ʻo ia ma mua loa. ʻO kahi hana hoʻopunipuni i loko o nā posum e hana pinepine iā lākou, e hoʻopakele nei i nā holoholona he nui mai ka make.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Possum
Hoʻolahalaha nui ʻia nā opossum ma nā panalāʻau o ʻAmelika ʻelua, ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli ʻia ke kūlana o ko lākou heluna kānaka, ʻaʻole pili lākou i ka papa inoa o nā holoholona i pale ʻia. No ka mea o ke kanaka, ʻoia, he hopena koʻikoʻi i ke ola o nā posum. Hoʻohana ʻia ka hulu o ka holoholona i ka humuhumu ʻana i nā lole like ʻole, maikaʻi loa ke ʻano o kona hoʻomehana ʻana, no laila ʻo nā lama kaulana a puni ka honua e hana i nā lole mai ka huluhulu ʻumeke.
Noho nā kāne i nā panalāʻau hou aku kahi i noho ai nā holoholona ma mua, no laila pono lākou e hoʻomaʻa i nā manawa āpau. Ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, i kekahi mau ʻāina o ʻAmelika Hema, ʻai ʻia ka posum. I kekahi manawa hoʻopau ka poʻe i nā holoholona, e noʻonoʻo ana he pests o nā mahinaʻai a me nā māla, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻopōʻino nui i ka ʻāina. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā holoholona i make ma ke ala nui paʻa ma lalo o nā kaʻa o nā kaʻa.
Kohu mea lā, ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka posum he unpretentious loa, dexterous, paʻakikī a momona, ʻo nā ʻōlelo hoʻoweliweli āpau i pili ʻia me nā kānaka ʻaʻole pili i ko lākou heluna kanaka, noho paʻa nō kā lākou helu. Lana ka manaʻo, e hoʻomau kēia i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
I ka hopena, makemake wau e hoʻohui he mea kupaianaha loa ka posum no nā kumu he nui. ʻO ka mea mua, ua ola ʻo ia i kēlā mau wā kahiko, ke ola nā dinosaurs. Nui nā laha i lilo i ka make, a ua lanakila ʻo ia ma luna o nā pilikia āpau a ʻano iki i ka helehelena. ʻO ka lua, ʻo ia wale nō ka lunamakaʻāinana o nā holoholona marsupial e noho ana ma waho o ka ʻāina nui Australia. ʻO ke kolu, he mea hana keu ʻo ia, ke hoʻohālikelike nei i kona make ponoʻī ʻana iā ia iho. ʻĀ, ma ka laulā, he uʻi a hoʻomākeʻaka ʻo ia! E nānā wale kekahi i ke kiʻi o kahi makuahine opossum mālama, e hāpai ana i kona ʻohana fluffy āpau ma kona poʻohiwi, ʻike koke ʻia kahi minoʻaka a piʻi aʻe ke ʻano!
Lā paʻi: 22.03.2019
Lā hou: 09/15/2019 ma 17:58
