Axolotl Kupaianaha, ʻano ʻokoʻa loa o nā mea ola. ʻO kekahi inoa ka deragona aquarium. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka maʻalea, ka wikiwiki a me ka wikiwiki o nā holoholona e hānai pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he poʻe aquarium. Hōʻike lākou i ka pae larval o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā amphibians huelo.
I kēia lā he ʻano laha ʻole lākou e hoʻoweliweli ʻia nei me ka luku loa. ʻO kēia ʻano o nā mea ola i hoʻonāukiuki i ka poʻe pena kiʻi e hana i nā kiʻi nani a maikaʻi o nā deragona, kahi a lākou e like ai me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Axolotl
Kuhi ʻia ka axolotl i kahi amphibian chordate. He lunamakaʻāinana o ke kauoha o nā amphibians huelo, ka ʻohana ambistomaceae, ka genolot axolotls. Pili kēia holoholona i nā ʻano o ka Ambistoma Mekiko. ʻO kēia ʻano, a me nā ʻano ambistom ʻē aʻe, he mau mea kupaianaha i hōʻike ʻia e neoteny. Unuhi ʻia mai ka ʻōlelo Helene kahiko, ua unuhi ʻia kēia mākaukau kū hoʻokahi ma ke ʻano he "ʻōpio pau ʻole."
Aia ka mana hiki ʻole o nā axolotls i ka hiki ke noho ma ke ʻano he larva i loko o ko lākou ola me ka ʻole e lilo i ʻano makua. ʻAʻole lākou e hoʻohālikelike ʻia e ka metamorphosis. Loaʻa kēia i ke ʻano kikoʻī o ka pona thyroid. ʻAʻole ia e synthesize iodine, ka mea hana ma ke ʻano he activator o ka metamorphosis.
Wikiō Axolotl:
ʻAʻole hiki i nā ʻepekema a me nā mea noiʻi ke hele i kahi ʻae a hana i kahi kuhiakau no ke kumu a me ka ulu ʻana o nā dinosaur wai. Ua ʻike ʻia ua hōʻaiʻē ʻia ka inoa o kēia mau amphibians mai nā Helene kahiko, a i ʻole nā Aztecs hoʻi, i kapa aku i kēia mau deragona "ʻīlio wai".
Wahi a ka kaao o ka poʻe Aztecs kahiko, aia kekahi manawa he akua ʻōpio a nani mau loa ke anilā ma ka honua. ʻO Sholotl kona inoa. Ua maʻa ʻo ia e ka maʻalea, ʻike, dexterity a maʻalea. A i kēia manawa ʻo ka poʻe i kēlā manawa lōʻihi e noho ʻaoʻao nei me nā akua, ua luhi i kāna mākaukau a me ka maʻalea a hoʻoholo e aʻo iā ia i kahi haʻawina. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maʻalea o ke Akua Sholotl ma mua o ka poʻe. Ua lilo ʻo ia i axolotl, a hūnā mai nā poʻe lawehala ʻole i ka hohonu o ke kai.
Wahi a nā noiʻi, hōʻike ka ʻepekema i kēia ʻano o nā mea ola i noho ma ka honua ma mua o 10 miliona mau makahiki i hala. I kēia lā, ʻelua wale nō mau ʻano i loaʻa i nā kūlana kūlohelohe: ka tiger a me nā ambistomas Mekiko, a me nā ʻano ʻelua: neotenic, a i ʻole larvalrial, a me ka terrestrial, oʻo makua makua.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: home ʻo Axolotl
ʻO Axolotl ke ʻano larval o kekahi ambistoma. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou i ʻelua mau ʻano, ʻoiai kēia mau ʻano i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka hiki ke neoteny. ʻO ka ʻikepili kūwaho o ka axolotl e hana ia e like me ke ʻano o kahi mea pāʻani, dinosaur i hoʻōla ʻia o ka nui i hoʻemi ʻia. He poʻo nui ka salamander e pili ana i ke kino. Ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua ʻekolu mau antena i uhi ʻia me villi. ʻO kēia nā gill kūwaho. Hiki iā lākou ke kaomi ʻia i ke kino a hāpai ʻia paha.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: he kū hoʻokahi kēia mau amphibians o ka ʻōnaehana hanu. He mau māmā ko lākou, e like me nā ʻōpū hanu o loko, a me nā gills, e like me nā mea kūwaho. ʻAe kēia iā lākou e ʻoluʻolu ma ka ʻāina a ma ka wai.
Elongated ke kino, aia nā lālā a me kahi huelo. E hoʻololi ʻia ka iwi iwi me kaʻiʻo cartilage. He palupalu ia a palupalu hoʻi i nā ʻōpio. Hoʻonui ʻia a poepoe ke poʻo. Hoʻokumu ka waha ākea, pālahalaha i kahi minoʻaka mau. Loaʻa i ka waha nā niho liʻiliʻi a ʻoi. Hana lākou i ka hana o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka mea pio i hopu ʻia. ʻAʻole kūpono lākou i ka nau ʻana a i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana paha i nā meaʻai. Ma ke poʻo he mau maka liʻiliʻi, poepoe, ʻeleʻele.
Hoʻomoe ʻia ke kino o ka mea hou, ʻoluʻolu, hoʻolōʻihi ʻia a pālahalaha liʻiliʻi ʻia. Aia kahi kualapa lonikū i ka hope i lawelawe ma ke ʻano he fin. Aia kekahi mau ʻaoʻao transverse e hāʻawi nei i ke ʻano o kahi kino annular. Aia ʻelua mau lālā o nā lālā. ʻO mua ʻehā, he ʻelima hoʻi kua. Lōʻihi loa ka huelo o ka deragona wai. I ka huina, me ke kino, hana ia ma kahi o ʻelima mau kakini vertebrae cartilaginous. ʻO ka ʻāpana huelo he kelepona paʻa. ʻAe kēia hiki i nā amphibians ke neʻe wikiwiki i ka wai.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ka axolotl he 15 a 40 mau kenimika. ʻO 13-20 mau kenimika ka nui o ke kino, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o hoʻokahi kanaka ma mua o 350 gram. ʻAʻole haʻi iki ka dimorphism moekolohe. ʻOi aku ka māmā o ka wahine a liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā kāne, a ʻoi aku ka huelo pōkole. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kala o ka deragona wai: ʻeleʻele, hina, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻano o nā lauana like ʻole i kona kino. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka salamander ke māmā i ke kala me nā māka ʻokoʻa ma luna o ia mea, a keʻokeʻo ʻole me ka ʻole o nā lauana a me nā māka o ke kala ʻokoʻa.
Ma hea e noho ai ke axolotl?
Kiʻi: Amphibian axolotl
Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, kākaʻikahi loa ia. Noho nui ia i ka wai o nā loko Mexico ʻo Cholco a me Xochimailko. Aia lākou ma Mekiko City ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o ʻaneʻane ʻelua tausani mau mika ma luna o ka pae kai. ʻO ka ʻāpana o nā mokupuni i kapa ʻia he mau moku ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi loa o ka nohona a me nā kūlana hānau no nā deragona wai.
Mai ka hapa lua o ke kenekulia 19, ua hoʻomaka nā mea hōʻiliʻili e hana ikaika i kēia mau amphibians ma ka home. Mālama wale ʻia lākou i ke pio. Koho ʻia kona nui ma muli o ka helu o kēlā me kēia. Inā he mau makahiki ʻokoʻa nā mea hou, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana iā lākou ma kahi kaʻawale, ʻoiai e hoʻonohonoho nā mea ikaika i nā hakakā a hoʻokaumaha, lawe i ka meaʻai mai nā mea nāwaliwali. Ma ka awelika, pono e mālama ʻia nā deragona wai ʻōpio i nā kūlana, e helu ana i ka nui o kanalima mau lita kēlā me kēia. A ʻo kahi hopena, ke ulu a makua, pono e hoʻolako i kēlā wahi no kēlā me kēia o lākou.
ʻO ke kanaka e hoʻoholo e loaʻa kahi salamander ma ka home e pono e hoʻolako i ka aquarium i kahi ala e hana ai i nā kūlana kokoke i ka kūlohelohe i hiki. Pono ia e hōʻoia i ke kū ʻana o nā hale, a i ʻole nā hale hoʻomalu, e hoʻomoe i ka lalo me ka lepo, me ka ʻole o ka axolotl. Pono pū ia i ka mālamalama maoli. Ke koho ʻana i kahi lepo, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻana i ke one, nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hāʻawi i ka makemake i nā ʻiliʻili, ka mea hiki ʻole i ka amphibian ke ale.
Inā noho kekahi mau deragona wai i loko o ka aquarium, pono e lako pono i nā hale a me kahi puʻuhonua i hiki ai i kēlā me kēia o lākou ke koho.
He aha ka mea e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he uhi:
- Nā ipuhao;
- Pohaku pōhaku;
- Laʻau ʻauʻau lāʻau;
- Pālolo pāheʻe, hale pālolo;
- Nā niu ʻoki.
E noʻonoʻo pono ia ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka waiho ʻana i ka aquarium mai nā kumu halulu, a me nā kamepiula, nā kīwī, a me nā kukui a me nā kukui hana maʻalahi. E hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi o ka mahana o ka wai. ʻO ke koho kūpono loa he 13-18 kekelē. ʻO ka wai, e hoʻomehana ai a 20 kekelē a ʻoi paha, hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki i nā maʻi nui, a me ka make ʻana o kahi salamander.
He aha ka ʻai a axolotl?
Kiʻi: Axolotl ma ka home
Hoʻohana nā amphibians ʻōpio i nā molluscs liʻiliʻi, nā crustacea a me nā ciliate ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano he kumu meaʻai.
ʻAi ka poʻe me ka hauʻoli.
- larva;
- ʻenuhe honua;
- nahenahe;
- paikikala;
- dophnium;
- ʻalekiki;
- mussels;
- kōkō koko;
- paramecium;
- ʻiʻo;
- iʻa.
ʻIke koʻikoʻi. Ke mālama ʻia i nā ʻano aquarium, ʻaʻole ia e koi ʻia e hānai i nā deragona wai me ka ʻiʻo amphibian. Loaʻa i kēia huahana ka nui o nā protein i lawe ʻole ʻia e ka ʻōnaehana digestive o ka axolotl.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i nā ʻano meaʻai i manaʻo ʻia no nā iʻa predatory. I nā kūlana aquarium, ʻo kēia ke koho ʻae loa, no ka mea kūpono ʻole ke kiola wale ʻana i nā mea kolo i loko o ka wai no nā mea ʻaihue, no ka mea, pono lākou i ke ʻano hoʻohālike o ka hopu holoholona. Hiki i ka meaʻai i hoʻopau ke komo mālie i lalo. Mahalo i kēia, hiki i ka deragona wai ke omo iā ia ma mua o ka luʻu ʻana i lalo. Inā makemake ʻoe e hānai iā lākou i nā mea kolo ola ʻole, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana i kēia me nā tweezers, ʻoiai ke axolotl e hoʻohana nei i kāna mau ā wale no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke kumu meaʻai e neʻe.
Inā hāʻule ka meaʻai i lalo o ka aquarium, a ʻaʻohe manawa o ka amphibians e ʻai ai, pono ia e hemo koke i mea e hoʻohaumia ʻole ai ka aquarium a hōʻino i ka maikaʻi o ka wai.
ʻO ke kumu waiwai meaʻai nui i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ʻo ia ka zooplankton, nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, nā mea kolo e noho ana i ka wai kai. Hiki ke lawa i nā lālā, a i ʻole nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino o kāna mau hoa. E kiʻi iā lākou, e ʻimi ka axolotl. Koho ʻo ia i kahi mehameha no kahi hoʻohālua, hopu i ke ʻaoʻao a me ke kaʻina o ka wai e kahe ana a i ka wā e hoʻokokoke aku ai kahi mea i hiki ke hōʻeha ʻia, hana ʻino i kāna ala a hopu iā ia me ka waha ākea.
ʻAno ʻole ka muʻu no kēia mau amphibians, no laila ale lākou i ka meaʻai. ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai he mau lā. I ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi kumu mana, hiki i nā deragona wai ke noho mālie me ka ʻole o ka meaʻai no kekahi mau pule, ʻoiai ʻoluʻolu lākou.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: holoholona Axolotl
Makemake ʻo Axolotl e noho i ka wai maʻemaʻe. Aia i loko o kēlā wai e hanu nui lākou me nā gills. Ma ka ʻāina a i ʻole i ka wai haumia, hoʻopili ʻia nā akemāmā i ka hanu ʻana, a ua pau ka hana ʻana o nā pū i kā lākou hana, hiki iā lākou ke atrophy. Ke hōʻike ʻia i nā kūlana maikaʻi, ulu nā gills a hiki ke hana hou i kā lākou mau hana.
I nā kūlana kūlohelohe, makemake lākou i kahi nohona huna, noho kaʻawale. Hoʻoikaika nui lākou i ka pō.
He mālie a ʻaʻohe wikiwiki nā Amphibians, ʻoiai hiki iā lākou ke neʻe wikiwiki i ka wai, e lūlū ana me ko lākou mau lālā mua. I ke kaʻina o ka hopu holoholona, koho mau lākou i kahi kūlana maikaʻi loa, ʻoiai hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā maka o ka salamander i kahi ala e ʻike ʻole ai lākou i kekahi mea ma lalo o ka pae o ko lākou kino.
I kekahi manawa hiki iā lākou ke kau i ka wai, ke ukali nei i kēia au, a pā iki i ko lākou mau wāwae. He mea nui ka huelo lōʻihi i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaulike a me ke kuhikuhi o ka neʻe.
ʻOiaʻiʻo hoihoi. Hāʻawi ke kūlohelohe i nā deragona wai me kahi hiki kupaianaha e hoʻōla hou ʻaʻole wale i nā pūnaewele a me nā mākia, akā ua nalowale hoʻi nā huelo, nā lālā a me nā mea o loko!
Ua hoʻokumu kēia mana kupaianaha i ka hoihoi o ka poʻe noiʻi. Ua hopu ʻia ʻo Axolotl i nā helu he nui no ka noiʻi ʻana a me nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua lehulehu. Hāʻawi kēia hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻōla wikiwiki mai nā hakakā ʻana, kahi e haehae ai nā holoholona i nā wāwae o kekahi me kekahi, nā huelo a lilo i mea pōʻino nui.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Mekiko axolotl
Hoʻohua maikaʻi ka deragona wai i nā kūlana kūlohelohe a i ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana i kahi aquarium. He pilina kau ko ka wā hānau. Hatch nā keiki i ka puna a me ke kauwela. ʻO nā kāne o nā kāne ʻokoʻa e komo i kahi pilina o ka male, me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pouli, hoʻonohonoho i nā pāʻani moʻa maoli. Ma hope o kēlā, hoʻomoe ka kāne i nā spermatophotes i ka lepo. A laila hōʻiliʻili ka wahine iā lākou a kau i nā hua i hoʻomoe ʻole ʻia ma luna o lākou, a i ʻole e omo iā lākou me kahi cloaca. I hoʻokahi lā ma hope mai, hoʻolaha ʻo ia i nā hua momona i nā mea kanu wai like ʻole, a i ʻole nā mea hana no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka aquarium.
Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, hoʻomaka ka wā hānau me kahi hāʻule o ka mahana o ka wai.
ʻElua i ʻekolu mau pule ma hope o ke kau ʻia ʻana o nā hua manu momona, liʻiliʻi, a hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia. Ma waho, ʻano like lākou me nā tadpoles, a iʻa liʻiliʻi paha. ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o kā lākou nui i ka nui o ka pi liʻiliʻi. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ko lākou lōʻihi i hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua kenimika, ʻaʻohe paws. ʻAʻole ulu nā lālā i ka manawa like. Hōʻike nā wāwae mua ma hope o 90 mau lā, nā wāwae hope ma hope o hoʻokahi pule. Ke mālama ʻia i nā ʻano hana, pono ka palai e hoʻololi i ka wai i kēlā me kēia lā, kānana iā ia, hānai iā ia me nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, nā ʻokoke, nā ilo liʻiliʻi.
Hoʻomaka ka wā ʻōpio a hiki i ka ʻumi a ʻumikūmākahi mahina. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ke hoʻohua i nā keiki i ka makahiki ʻelua a ʻekolu paha makahiki. ʻO nā kānaka ma luna o ʻelima mau makahiki e hana hou i ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola ma nā kūlana kūlohelohe he 13-14 mau makahiki. Me ka mālama maikaʻi i ka pio, ua aneane pālua ʻia ka manaolana o ke ola.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o nā axolotls
Kiʻi: Amphibian axolotl
Ua hāʻawi nā kumu he nui i ka emi ʻana o nā helu axolotl. ʻO kekahi o lākou ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka wahi maoli, ka haumia o nā kumu wai. Ke hoʻololi nei i nā kūlana o ke aniau, hoʻomehana a me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana o ka wai e make ai a me nā maʻi he nui o nā amphibians.
ʻO ke kumu nui ʻelua no ka emi ʻana o nā helu he mau maʻi, kahi i maʻalahi ʻia ai nā salamanders. Kūleʻa lākou i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi loa i make: ascites, anorexia, metabolic disorders, hypovitaminosis, ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, hoʻoulu ʻai, a pēlā aku.
Ua hana nui ke kāne i ke kūlana o ka lehulehu. Ua hopu ʻia ka nui o nā amphibians i mea e alakaʻi ai i nā hoʻokolohua a me ka noiʻi ʻana i ke ola hou ʻana o nā mea nalo a me nā lālā. Eia kekahi, hāʻawi ka hana a ke kanaka i ka haumia o nā waihona kūlohelohe. E haumia ka wai loko iʻa. ʻO kēia ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi a me ka make ʻana o nā deragona wai, ʻoiai lākou e pane nui i ka maikaʻi o ka wai.
Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻo nā iʻa nui a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka iʻa i ʻimi ʻia nā axolotls: telapia, carp. ʻAi lākou i ka nui ʻaʻole wale nā amphibians ponoʻī, akā ʻo kā lākou mau hua, no laila ʻaʻohe manawa e lilo ai i fry.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Axolotl
I kēia lā, i ke kūlohelohe, i kona wahi maoli, ʻaʻole hiki ke axolotl. Ma nā panalāʻau o ka Russian Federation, loaʻa wale ia i nā ʻano aquarium. Ma mua, ākea ka wahi o ka amphibians. A laila, i ka emi ʻana o ka helu o nā axolotls, ua emi pū ka ʻāina o ko lākou wahi maoli. I kēia lā, ʻaʻole i loaʻa lākou i kekahi wahi, koe wale no nā loko ʻelua Mekiko.
Ua hana nā kānaka noiʻi ma ke Kulanui Autonomous Mekiko i nā helu a ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 800-1300 ka mea i kū maoli. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka helu kikoʻī. ʻO kēia ke kumu inā ʻaʻole hoʻomohala ʻia nā papahana kūikawā e mālama a mālama i ka laha, hiki iā ia ke nalo loa. Eia naʻe, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e nā kānaka noiʻi he mau haneli kaukani ka poʻe i kūleʻa e ola a hānau hou i nā ʻano hana i loko o ka aquarium.
I nā makahiki he 10 i hala iho nei, ua emi nui ka nui o nā deragona wai i ko lākou wahi maoli. ʻ saylelo nā kānaka noiʻi ma 1998, aia ma kahi o ʻelima kaukani mau kānaka no kēlā me kēia kilomika kilomika o nā loko Mekiko. I ka makahiki 2003, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi kaukani mau kānaka i ka wahi like. I ka makahiki 2008, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli mau kānaka i ka wahi like. No laila, ua emi ka heluna kanaka ma mua o 50 mau manawa i loko o nā makahiki he ʻumi wale nō.
Ka pale ʻana i nā axolotls
Kiʻi: puke ʻulaʻula ʻo Axolotl
No nā kumu pale, helu ʻia ia i loko o ka International Red Book a me nā CITIES. Ua hāʻawi ʻia nā Amphibians i ke kūlana o kahi ʻano ʻaneʻane pau mua. Hōʻike nā ʻepekema i mea e mālama ai i ka helu o nā amphibians, pono e hana i nā kahu hānai kahi e ulu ai a hoʻoulu i kēia mau holoholona. Ma kēia ala wale nō e hiki ai ke mālama i nā laha a hoʻonui i kona mau helu. Ke hoʻāʻo nei ʻo Mekiko Research Institute e hana i kahi pāka lāhui.Pāpā ʻia ka lawaiʻa ʻana i ka nohona kūlohelohe.
Wahi a nā Zoologists he nui ka nui o nā amphibians e noho pio ana. Inā ʻoe e hana i nā kūlana maikaʻi loa no lākou, kahi kokoke i nā kūlohelohe e like me ka hiki, manaʻo lākou ʻoluʻolu a hoʻohua hoʻi. I mea e hoʻonui ai i ka nui o nā deragona wai, hana kūleʻa nā limahana o ka Mexico Research Institute iā lākou i nā ʻano aquarium a hoʻokuʻu iā lākou i loko o nā loko. ʻO kekahi hana no ka pale a me ka pale o ka ʻikepili o nā ʻelele o ka ʻohana Ambistomidae ka hōʻemi nui loa o ka hopena o ke kanaka ma kā lākou wahi maoli. Hoʻomaha ka hoʻohaumia o nā waihona kūlohelohe, e like me ka ʻepekema, waiho i kahi manawa no ka hoʻonui iki o ka helu o nā amphibians, kahi hoʻemi o ka maʻi a me ka make.
Axolotl he lunamakaʻāinana kūpanaha o ka flora a me nā holoholona, aia ma ke kaʻe o ka make. He ʻano like ko waho i nā dinosaur e pau ana i nā makahiki he nui i hala. Kēia mea e like ai, a me ka naʻauao, akamai a me ka maʻalea, hāʻawi i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hāʻawi ʻana o ka ʻike aquarium o nā deragona wai.
Lā paʻi: 03/14/2019
Lā hou: 14.08.2019 ma 11:43
