ʻAkalakala Imperial ʻO ia kekahi o nā lāhui kaulana loa a ʻo kekahi hoʻi o nā mea nui loa o ka honua. ʻO ia kekahi o nā mea ola mua loa. Aia ʻo Scorpions ma ka honua honua ma kahi o 300 miliona mau makahiki, a ʻaʻole i loli iki i nā makahiki. Hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā iā lākou i ko lākou kūlohelohe i ka pō wale nō. Aia ma kahi o hoʻokahi kaukani ʻāpana o nā moʻo huelo ʻawa, a ʻona lākou a pau i kekahi kekelē a i ʻole ʻē aʻe, akā ma kahi o iwakālua wale nō o lākou i nahu make.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Imperial Scorpion
ʻO ka scorpion imperial (Pandinus imperator) ʻo ka scorpion nui loa ma ka honua. ʻO kona lōʻihi ma ka awelika ma kahi o 20-21 cm, a ʻo kona kaupaona he 30 g. ʻOi aku ka nui a me ke kaumaha o nā wahine hāpai ma mua o ko lākou ʻohana. Eia nō naʻe, ʻano like kekahi mau ʻano o nā moʻo huelohele o nā ululāʻau, a ʻo ka scorpion ʻo Heterometrus swammerdami ka mea hoʻopaʻa moʻolelo honua ma waena o kona mau hoahānau i ka lōʻihi (23 cm). Ulu ulu nā holoholona. ʻO ko lākou ola ka lōʻihi o 8 mau makahiki. Hiki lākou i ke oʻo piha i 5-6 mau makahiki (ka nui o nā mākua).
He kūmole mōʻaukala! Ua wehewehe mua ʻia ke ʻano e K.L. Koch i ka makahiki 1842. Ma hope ma 1876, ua wehewehe ʻo Tamerlane Torell a ʻike ʻia e like me kona ʻohana ponoʻī i ʻike e ia.
A laila hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka genus i ʻelima subgenera, akā ʻo ka mahele i subgenera e nīnau ʻia nei. ʻO nā inoa maʻamau ʻē aʻe no ka holoholona ʻo ʻEmera Emepela Scorpio a me ʻApelika Imperial Scorpio.
Video: Emperor Scorpion
Ua like paha ke kūpuna maʻamau o nā arachnids i nā eurypterids pau i kēia manawa a i ʻole nā scorpion o ke kai, he predatorsable aquatic predators i noho ma 350-550 miliona mau makahiki i hala. Na ko lākou laʻana, he maʻalahi ke huki i ka neʻe ʻana o ka evolutionary mai ke ola wai i kahi ʻano terrestrial o ke ola. Ke noho nei i loko o ka wai a me kahi ʻūlū, he nui nā ʻano like o nā eurypterids me nā scorpion o kēia lā. ʻO nā ʻano Terrestrial, like me nā moʻo huelo ʻino o kēia manawa, i kū i ka wā Carboniferous.
Ua lawe ʻo Scorpions i wahi kūikawā i ka mōʻaukala o nā kānaka. ʻO lākou kekahi o nā kaʻao o nā lāhui he nui. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā Lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana ma ka "Buke a ka poʻe make" ma ʻAigupita, ka Koran, ka Baibala. Ua manaʻo ʻia ka holoholona e kapu akua e Selket, kekahi o nā kaikamahine a Ra, ka mea mālama o ka honua o ka poʻe make.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: kiʻi Tropical: Emperor Scorpion
ʻO ka scorpion imperial he uliuli a he ʻeleʻele ʻōniʻoniʻo i hoʻopili ʻia me nā ʻano ʻeleʻele a me nā grainy i kekahi mau wahi. ʻO nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ke kino kahi kaha keʻokeʻo e lele ana mai ke poʻo a i ka hiʻu. ʻO ka piko o ia mea i ʻike ʻia he telson a he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula kona i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me ka anatomy holoʻokoʻa o ka holoholona.
Ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, loaʻa i kēia mau moʻo huelo kala ke kala gula mai ka huelo a ke poʻo, a pouli mālie ia, a hiki i ke kala ʻeleʻele ikaika, ke kala maʻamau o nā mākua.
ʻOiaʻiʻo leʻaleʻa! ʻO ka scorpions Emperor ka mea fluorescent i ke kukui ultraviolet. ʻIke lākou i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, e ʻae ana i nā kānaka a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe e ʻike iā lākou a mālama i ka mālama.
He paʻakikī nā scorpion makua e hoʻokaʻawale e like me ke ʻano like o nā kāne a me nā wahine. ʻO kā lākou exoskeleton he sclerotic nui. ʻO ka mua o ke kino, a i ʻole prosoma, ʻehā mau ʻāpana, kēlā me kēia me nā wāwae ʻelua. Ma hope o ka ʻehā o nā wāwae i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā hale i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he pectins, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. ʻO ka huelo, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka metasoma, lōʻihi a ʻōwili hope i ke kino. Hoʻopau ia i loko o kahi moku nui me nā gona ʻona a me kahi ʻūpā piʻo kiko.
Hiki i ka emperor scorpion ke hele wikiwiki loa ma kahi mamao iki. Ke hele lōʻihi, hoʻomaha hoʻomaha ʻo ia. E like me nā scorpion he nui, ʻaʻohe ona stamina iki i ka wā o ka hana. Kūpono ʻo ia i ka nohona pō a ʻaʻole haʻalele i kāna mau wahi hūnā i ke ao.
Ma hea e noho ai ka moʻo nui o ka Emepera?
Kiʻi: ʻĀlio Emepera Scorpion
ʻO ka scorpion ka emepera kahi ʻano ʻApelika i loaʻa i nā wao nahele tropika, akā aia nō ia i ka savannah, ma kahi kokoke i nā puʻu termite.
Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kona wahi i kekahi mau ʻāina ʻApelika, e like me:
- Benin (ka heluna kanaka liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka ʻāina);
- Burkana Faso (pālahalaha loa, kokoke i nā wahi āpau);
- ʻO Cote DʻIvoire (ʻoi loa, ma nā wahi paʻakikī e hiki ai);
- ʻO Gambia (mamao loa ia ma nā kūlana mua ma waena o nā ʻelele o nā moʻo huelo ʻawa o kēia ʻāina);
- Ghana (aia ka hapa nui o nā kānaka ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana o ka ʻāina);
- Guinea (pālahalaha i nā wahi a pau);
- Guinea-Bissau (loaʻa i nā mea liʻiliʻi);
- Togo (mahalo ʻia e nā kamaʻāina ma ke ʻano he akua);
- Liberia (ʻike ʻia i nā uhi pulu o nā ʻaoʻao komohana a me waena);
- Mali (ka heluna o ka scorpion imperial e puʻunaue ʻia ma luna o ka hapanui o ka ʻāina);
- Naigeria (kahi ʻano laha i waena o nā holoholona kūloko);
- Senegal (mau poʻe i kēia manawa);
- Sierra Lyone (ʻike ʻia nā kolone nui ma nā waoakua hikina);
- Cameroon (maʻa mau i waena o nā holoholona).
Noho ka emperor scorpion i loko o nā tunnel lalo hohonu, ma lalo o nā pōhaku, nā ʻōpala lāʻau a me nā ʻōpala ulu lāʻau ʻē aʻe, a me nā puʻu termite. ʻO nā Pectins nā ʻike e kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka wahi ma hea lākou. ʻOi aku ka makemake o nā laha i kahi haʻahaʻa o 70-80%. No lākou, ʻo ka mahana mahana ʻoi loa ka mahana he 26-28 ° C, i ka pō mai 20 a 25 ° C.
He aha ka mea e ʻai ai ka mōʻī scorpion?
Kiʻi: Imperial Scorpion
I ka nahelehele, hoʻopau nui nā scorpion emepera i nā pepeke e like me nā crickets a me nā invertebrates terrestrial, akā ʻo nā termite ka hapa nui o kā lākou papaʻai. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi, ʻai lākou i nā vertebrates nui aʻe e like me nā rodents a me nā moʻo.
Hūnā nā moʻo scorpions ma kahi kokoke i nā puʻu termite i kahi hohonu o 180 knm e ʻimi ai i kahi pio. Hoʻololi ʻia ko lākou maiuu nui e haehae ai i nā mea pio, a ʻo ko lākou huelo huelo e hoʻopili ai i ka lāʻau make e kōkua ai i ka meaʻai lahilahi. Hilinaʻi nā ʻōpio i kā lākou lāʻau ʻona e hoʻopio ai i ka mea pio, ʻoiai ʻo nā moʻo huakaʻi makua ke hoʻohana i ko lākou maiuu nui.
ʻIke! ʻO ka lauoho lahilahi e uhi ana i nā pincer a me ka huelo e ʻae ka scorpion emperor e ʻike i nā pio ma o nā haʻalulu i ka lewa a ma ka honua.
Makemake i ka hele wāwae i ka pō, hiki i ka emperor scorpion ke hana i ke ao inā haʻahaʻa ka pae māmā. ʻO ka champion champion fast scorpion Imperial. Hiki iā ia ke noho me ka ʻai ʻole a hoʻokahi makahiki. Hoʻokahi moth hoʻokahi e hānai iā ia no hoʻokahi mahina holoʻokoʻa.
ʻOiai ʻo ia ka moʻo nui he scorpion me kahi helehelena formidable, ʻaʻole make kona mea make i nā kānaka. ʻO ka ʻona o ka mōʻī scorpion ʻApelika he akahai a ʻano kūpilikiʻi hoʻi. Loaʻa iā ia nā mea make e like me imptoxin a me pandinotoxin.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā nahu o ka Scorpion ma ke ʻano he māmā akā ʻeha (e like me nā ʻū pi). ʻAʻole ʻeha ka hapanui o nā kānaka i ka nahu ʻana o ka scorpion emperor, ʻoiai he maʻi maʻi paha kekahi. Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā toxins kanalona like ʻole mai ka ona o ka scorpion imperial, e like me Pi1, Pi2, Pi3, Pi4, a me Pi7.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Animal Emperor Scorpion
ʻO kēia ʻano kekahi o nā scorpion i hiki ke kamaʻilio pū i nā hui. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka subsociality i nā holoholona: noho pū nā wahine a me nā keiki. ʻAʻole huhū ka scorpion ka emepera a ʻaʻole hoʻouka i kāna mau hoahānau. Eia nō naʻe, alakaʻi ka nele i ka meaʻai i kekahi manawa i ka kanibalism.
He ʻilihune loa ka ʻike ʻana o nā moʻo nui o ka emepera a hoʻomohala pono ʻia nā manaʻo ʻē aʻe. Kaulana ka moʻo nui o ka mōʻī emepera no ka hana ʻano nui a me ka ʻane ʻane ʻino ʻole. ʻAʻole hoʻohana nā mākua i kā lākou ʻeha e pale iā lākou iho. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā nahu nahu no ka pale ʻana i ka wā ʻōpio. ʻO ka nui o nā lāʻau ʻino i injected.
He mea hoihoi! Ke nānā ʻia nei kekahi o nā mole i hana i ka make ʻona i kēia manawa no ka mea manaʻo ka ʻepekema he waiwai paha kā lākou e kūʻē i ka malaria a me nā bacteria ʻē aʻe e hoʻopōʻino i ke olakino kanaka.
He holoholona ikaika ia e hiki ai ke kū i ka wela o 50 a hiki i ke C. Makaʻu i ka lā a peʻe i ka lā holoʻokoʻa e ʻai ai i ke ahiahi wale nō. Hōʻike pū kekahi i kahi koi piʻi haʻahaʻa, i kākaʻikahi ʻia i nā moʻo huelo ʻino ʻē aʻe. Piʻi ia ma nā aʻa a pili i nā mea kanu a hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 30 cm. ʻIke ʻo Cave i kahi hohonu o 90 cm.
ʻIke! ʻAʻole maikaʻi ka hau no nā moʻo huakaʻi. Piʻi liʻiliʻi lākou ma lalo o nā kukuna o ka lā a ola. Eia kekahi, hiki i kēia mau holoholona kahiko ke noho ma lalo o ka wai ma kahi o ʻelua mau lā me ka ʻole o ka hanu.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Tropical Emperor Scorpion
Hiki i nā moʻo huakaʻi Imperial ke oʻo i ka makahiki ʻehā. Komo lākou i kahi hulahula paʻakikī kahi e neʻe ai ke kāne e hoʻāʻo nei e loaʻa kahi kūpono e mālama ai i ka sperm. Ma hope o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka sperm, nā maneuvers kāne me ka wahine ma luna o kahi e loaʻa ai iā ia ka sperm. Viviparous nā holoholona. Ke hāpai ka wahine, hoʻonui ke kino o ka wahine, e hōʻike ana i nā membrane keʻokeʻo e hoʻopili i nā ʻāpana.
ʻO ka manawa hānau ma kahi o 12-15 mau mahina, ʻo ka hopena, a hiki i kanalima mau keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo (maʻamau 15-25) i hānau ʻia, kahi ma mua o ka hatch ʻana mai nā hua i loko pono o ka kōpū. Haʻalele mālie nā pēpē i ka kōpū, hiki ke kaʻina hānau i 4 mau lā. Hānau ʻia nā scorpion Emperor ʻaʻole pale pale a hilinaʻi nui i ko lākou makuahine no ka meaʻai a me ka pale.
He mea hoihoi! Hāpai nā wahine i nā pēpē ma ko lākou kino a 20 mau lā. Pili nā keiki he nui i ke kua, ʻōpū a me nā wāwae o ka wahine, a iho lākou i ka honua ma hope wale o ka molt mua. ʻOiai ma ke kino o ka makuahine, hānai lākou i kāna cutite epithelium.
Hoʻomau mau makuahine i kekahi manawa e hānai i kā lākou ʻōpio, ʻoiai inā makua lākou e noho kūʻokoʻa. Hānau ʻia nā moʻo huakaʻi ʻōpio keʻokeʻo a loaʻa ka protein a me nā meaola i loko o ko lākou kino heʻe no 4 a 6 mau pule. Hoʻopaʻa lākou i 14 mau lā ma hope o ka lilo ʻana o ko lākou mau waihona wai i ʻeleʻele.
ʻO ka mea mua, ʻai nā moʻo huakaʻi i ulu iki i ka meaʻai o nā holoholona a ka makuahine i ʻimi ai. Ke ulu nei lākou, ua kaʻawale lākou mai ko lākou makuahine a nānā i kā lākou mau wahi hānai ponoʻī. I kekahi manawa hana lākou i nā hui liʻiliʻi a lākou e noho maluhia nei.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o nā scorpion imperial
Kiʻi: ʻĀlio Emepera Scorpion
He helu kūpono nā ʻenemi o nā moʻo scorpion imperial. ʻAlau mau nā manu, nā opeapea, nā māmele liʻiliʻi, nā nananana nui, nā centipedes a me nā moʻo iā lākou. Ke hoʻouka nei, noho ka scorpion i kahi o 50 a 50 centimetres, pale ikaika iā ia iho a hoʻi wikiwiki i hope.
ʻO kona mau ʻenemi:
- mongoose;
- meerkat;
- baboon;
- mantis;
- blink a me kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe.
Hana ʻo ia i ka huhū kūʻē iā ia iho mai kahi kūlana hoʻoweliweli, akā ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hoʻokūkū iā ia iho a pale i nā hakakā me nā vertebrates e hoʻomaka ana mai nāʻiole mākua. Hiki i nā moʻo huakaʻi Emperor ke ʻike a hoʻomaopopo i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe i kahi mamao o kahi mika ke neʻe nei, no laila lilo pinepine lākou i mea hoʻouka. Ke pale nei me kahi scorpion, hoʻohana ʻia nā pedipalps ikaika. Eia nō naʻe, i nā hakakā kaumaha a i ʻole ke hoʻouka ʻia e nā rodents, hoʻohana lākou i nā nahu lāʻau make e hoʻoneʻe i ka mea hoʻouka. ʻAʻole pale ka Emperor Scorpion i kāna lāʻau make.
Eia naʻe, ʻo ka ʻenemi nui o ka scorpion imperial ka poʻe. ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili ʻae ʻole ʻia e hōʻemi loa ai i kā lākou helu ma ʻApelika. I nā makahiki 1990, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia he 100,000 mau holoholona mai ʻApelika, e hoʻoulu ana i ka makaʻu a me ka pane akahele mai nā poʻe kākoʻo holoholona. Manaʻo ʻia nā heluna kanaka pio he nui lawa e hōʻemi nui i ka hopu holoholona hihiu.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Imperial Scorpion
He ʻano laha ka emperor scorpion ma waena o nā mea aloha holoholona. Ua hoʻololi kēia i ka lawe nui ʻia ʻana o nā lunamaka o nā laha mai nā holoholona hihiu. Hoʻopiʻi ka holoholona i nā mea aloha exotic no ka mea maʻalahi ka mālama a hoʻopuka maikaʻi ʻana i ka pio.
Ma kahi leka! Me Pandinus dictator a me Pandinus gambiensis, ke pale ʻia nei ka scorpion imperial. Hoʻokomo ʻia ia i ka papa inoa CITES kūikawā. Pono e hele pū kekahi kūʻai a makana paha me kahi invoice a palapala hōʻoia o ke koho ʻana, koi ʻia kahi helu CITES kūikawā no ka lawe mai.
I kēia manawa, hiki ke lawe ʻia mai nā moʻo huakaʻi imperial mai nā ʻāina ʻApelika, akā hiki ke loli kēia inā hoʻemi ʻia ka helu o nā mea hoʻolilo. Kuhi kēia i kahi hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka heluna holoholona mai ka hōʻiliʻili nui ʻana i kona wahi noho. ʻO kēia liona ka scorpion maʻa mau i ka pio a aia makaukau ia i ke kālepa holoholona, akā ua hoʻonohonoho ʻo CITES i nā quota hoʻolilo.
Kākaʻikahi ʻo P. diactator a me P. gambiensis i ke kālepa pipi. Loaʻa ka ʻano Pandinus africanus ma kekahi papa inoa ʻoihana kūʻai. He kūpono ʻole kēia inoa a hoʻohana wale ʻia paha e uhi i ka hoʻolilo ʻia ʻana o nā ʻelele o ka laha scorpion imperial mai ka papa inoa CITES.
Lā paʻi: 03/14/2019
Lā hou: 17.09.2019 ma 21:07
