Echidna kupaianaha loa me kona helehelena, ʻoiai ʻaʻole maopopo koke i nā holoholona hea ia kokoke. Me nā nila ʻo ia, ʻaʻole ka hedgehog a i ʻole ka porcupine, hoʻopau i nā anthills, akā ʻaʻohe mea e pili ai i nā anteater. He aha ka mea kupaianaha loa ke kaʻina o ka hānau ʻana a hānai ʻana i nā keiki: waiho ʻo ia i mau hua manu, akā hānai ʻo ia i nā keiki me ka waiū, ʻoiai ʻaʻole mai nā nipples. A halihali pū i nā ʻāpana i loko o kahi ʻeke.
Noho ʻo ia ma ka ʻāina kupaianaha loa - ma Australia. Ua ʻōlelo hoʻomākeʻaka e pili ana i kēia mau holoholona: ma o ke ola ʻana, hoʻomāʻewaʻewa ka echidna i nā ʻepekema. ʻOiai, ʻaʻole maopopo ka nui o nā loea, a hiki i kēia lā he hoihoi nui ka echidna iā lākou. Kāhea ka poʻe kamaʻāina iā echidnu ka spe anteater.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Echidna
ʻO ka echidna kekahi o nā holoholona kahiko loa ma ka honua. Pili ia i kahi subclass kūikawā o nā holoholona primordial. ʻO ke kauoha wale nō ma aneʻi he monotremes (i loko o kahi mana ʻē aʻe - oviparous), kahi e ʻelima mau ʻano holoholona. ʻElua o lākou ka echidna a me ka prochidna o ka ʻohana echidna. ʻEkolu mau ʻano ʻē aʻe mai ka ʻohana platypus ʻaʻole i emi iki nā holoholona hoihoi.
Ua hoʻomohala ʻo Echidnas ma kahi lālā ʻokoʻa o ka evolution, i ʻike ʻia ma kahi o 180 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei a ua iho mai nā holoholona kahiko loa ma ka Honua - nā mammals hema. Ua loaʻa iā lākou ka Jurassic a me nā dinosaurs. Malia paha 25 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua puka mai nā echidnas mai ka wai a pae i ka ʻāina. Ua mālama lākou i nā mea loaʻa no ka lawaiʻa, ka hopu ʻana i nā māla uila o nā holoholona neʻe. ʻO ka hiki ke ʻau pono ma lalo a ma lalo o ka wai kahi i mālama ʻia.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka papa o nā monotremes e ka huki ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana genitourinary a me nā ʻōpū i hoʻokahi lua maʻamau - ka cloaca. ʻAʻole kēia ʻano o nā māmela, a hoʻokaʻawale i nā echidnas mai waena o lākou.
ʻElua mau ʻāpana o ka echidna:
- ʻAukekulia;
- Tasmanian.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma nā panalāʻau i noho ʻia a me ka nui nui o ka Tasmanian echidna i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka Australia. I kekahi manawa ua nui ka hulu i ʻike ʻia ma mua.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Animal echidna
He holoholona liʻiliʻi ʻo Echidnas. Kūlike ke kaumaha o ko lākou kino mai ka ʻelua a i ka ʻekolu kilokilo a i ka ʻelima a ʻehiku kilokika. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino mai 30 a 50 cm, akā i kekahi manawa, e like me kekahi kumuwaiwai, hiki i 70 cm. Akā hiki nō paha ke nānā ʻia nā nui nui i nā echidnas, akā i nā prochidnas - ʻaʻole paʻa kēia mau ʻike. ʻōnaehana.
He huelo liʻiliʻi kā ka holoholona, e like me ka lepe liʻiliʻi wale nō. Liʻiliʻi ke poʻo, ʻikiʻiki, kiko, a maʻalahi hoʻi e hoʻohui i loko o ke kino. Aia kahi lōʻihi, hāiki, pololei, paukūʻolokaʻa nuku, a i 75 mm ka lōʻihi. Nalo nā niho a hāmama wale ka waha i kekahi mau milimita. Pihi mai kahi alelo loloa palu mai iā ia, kahi e hoʻopili ai nā meaʻai.
Video: Echidna
ʻAʻohe auricle, eia naʻe he lohe maikaʻi nā holoholona. Hoʻolālā nui ʻia ke ʻano o ka pilau i echidna, akā ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa ka ʻike. ʻOiai e like me kekahi mau hōʻike ua kākau lākou he koʻikoʻi nā maka o ka echidna, akā ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā manaʻo o ka ʻepekema ma kēia pilikia. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kupaianaha o echidnas ke kū o ka ʻili i ka waha, i hoʻolako ʻia me nā kuhikuhi - electrolocators. ʻAʻole hiki i nā māmela o kēia manawa ke hopu i nā māla uila o nā holoholona a puni, ʻoiai ka echidna i mālama ai.
Liʻiliʻi nā paws me ʻelima mau manamana wāwae o kēlā me kēia, ma ka hopena o nā manamana wāwae me nā māiʻu palahalaha ikaika. Ma nā wāwae o ka wāwae aia kekahi māiʻu lōʻihi lōʻihi, kahi e pīpī ai ka holoholona a hemo i nā parasites. Uhi ʻia ke kino holoʻokoʻa i ka lauoho lauoho, ma ka waha a me nā paws ʻoi aku ka pōkole. Uhi ʻia ke kino me nā nila puha a ʻeono kenimika ka lōʻihi. He ʻeleʻele ke kala o ka ʻahu, ʻeleʻele, melemele nā nila o ke aʻa, a ʻeleʻele nā wēlau, akā melemele paha.
Ua hoʻomohala nui ʻo Echidnas i nā mākala, ʻoiai ka nui o ka nui o ke kino, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohuli i nā mea. Hana pinepine ʻo ia i kēia me nā anthills, akā aia kekahi mau hihia ke kū kekahi i kahi home me kahi kanaka i neʻe i nā lako kaumaha.
Ma hea e noho ai ka echidna?
Kiʻi: Red echidna
Makemake ʻo Echidnas i nā lau nahele paʻa. ʻO ka wahi noho pinepine ka nahele, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke peʻe i nā lālā i hāʻule, nā lāʻau. Makemake ʻo Echidnas e peʻe ma waena o nā aʻa, i nā auwaha o nā kumu popopo, nā ʻaʻa. Hiki iā lākou ke noho i nā lua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, i ʻeli ʻia e nā hares a i ʻole nā ʻōpū i ka manawa hoʻokahi. Hiki iā lākou ke hapa nui o nā lua eli a me ka ʻeli ʻana i loko o lākou, ke makaʻu a i ʻole ka hopohopo nui. Hoʻolālā lākou i nā hola ʻoi loa o ka wela i loko o ia mau hale pale, a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka pō a hele lākou e hoʻomaka i kā lākou hana.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole lawelawe nā ulu lāʻau ma ke ʻano o ko lākou wahi noho, hele maikaʻi pū lākou ma nā kahakai steppe a ma nā wahi wao akua hoʻi. Hiki iā lākou ke noho kokoke i nā wahi mahiʻai, akā hilahila lākou i ka hele aku i nā poʻe. ʻOiaʻiʻo, pili lākou i ka meaʻai, a inā lawa kā lākou meaʻai, e hana kekahi ʻāina. ʻIʻike ʻia nā echidnas kuahiwi; i waena o nā pōhaku i nā ana liʻiliʻi, hoʻomaha lākou i ko lākou mau hola hiamoe.
ʻO ka mea wale nō a ka echidna i ʻae ʻole ai ka loli o ka mahana; i ke anuanu loa lilo lākou i lethargic a hiki i ka hibernate. ʻAʻohe o lākou glands a no laila maikaʻi ʻole ka thermoregulation. ʻO Geograpically, noho ʻo echidnas i ka Australia holoʻokoʻa, a hāʻawi liʻiliʻi ʻia ma New Guinea, Tasmania a me nā mokupuni ma ka Strait Bass.
He aha ka ʻai a echidna?
Kiʻi: Australian echidna
ʻAi ʻo Echidnas i nā pepeke, ʻaʻole ia he mea ʻole i hoʻāʻo ai kekahi o nā ʻepekema e papa iā ia ma ke ʻano he anteater. ʻO nā ants a me nā kauā ke kumu o kā lākou papaʻai. Haehae maʻalahi lākou i nā anthills, hoʻolei a hoʻohuli i nā pōhaku, ʻeli i ka honua me kā lākou ihu.
I ka nahele, ʻimi lākou i ka meaʻai i waena o nā lāʻau popopo, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke hemo maʻalahi i ka ʻili me ko lākou ihu a i ʻole nā wāwae. Ma laila, ma ke ʻano he rula, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kahi nui o nā ʻelala. Kōkua nui ka ihu i ka meaʻai. He ʻaʻala maikaʻi ko lākou. Nānā mau lākou i ka meaʻai me kāna kōkua: hiki iā lākou ke kāwili wale i ka wahi, e hou ana i ka pahu ma lalo o nā moʻo, nā lau i hāʻule a me nā lālā liʻiliʻi.
Me kahi alelo paʻa, hopu ka Yezidnis i ka meaʻai a ale iā ia. Ma ke aʻa o ke alelo he mau niho liʻiliʻi e wili ai ka echidna i ka meaʻai. Kupanaha, e like me nā manu, ke ale wale lākou i nā ʻiliʻili liʻiliʻi a me ke one, kahi e lawelawe ai i ka ʻai i ka ʻōpū. Ma waho aʻe o nā ants a me nā anaina, ʻai ʻo echidnas i nā ilo, nā slug, nā mollusc liʻiliʻi a me nā invertebrates ʻē aʻe.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: holoholona Echidna mai Australia
ʻO nā holoholona kū hoʻokahi ʻo Echidnas. ʻAʻole pili lākou kekahi i kekahi. Makemake ʻo Echidnas ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia iki ʻia, lawe koke lākou iā ia me ka inaina - piʻo lākou i loko o kahi pōpō, e like me nā hedgehogs a pololei i nā kākalaioa. Eia hou, akahele loa lākou a hele ʻole i nā wahi kahi nui o ka poʻe e noho ana. I ka wā moekolohe wale nō lākou e hoʻomaka ai i ke ʻano i ka wahine ʻē aʻe a nānā i kā lākou ʻano ponoʻī.
Noho mālie nā holoholona, e ʻūlū nei me nā mea ma ka lima, a hiki ke hoʻopuka wale i nā ʻōhū palupalu ke ʻimi i ka meaʻai. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka pō. Makemake lākou e hoʻolilo i nā hola o ke ao a me ka wela i nā wahi mehameha, hoʻomaha. I ka pō ahiahi hele lākou i ka hopu holoholona a holoholo a kakahiaka.
ʻAʻole makemake ʻo Echidnas i ke anuanu ikaika. I ke anuanu, emi nui kā lākou hana. ʻAʻole paha lākou e puka i waho o kā lākou wahi huna i ka pō ʻimi aʻe, akā e hele i kahi hibernation no kekahi manawa e kali i nā manawa paʻakikī. He mea hoihoi ia e hoʻomaopopo i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka metabolism lohi loa i nā echidnas i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā māmela ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole piʻi ka mahana o ko lākou kino ma luna o 32 kekelē. Akā hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa iā ia a i 4 kekelē. No laila, hoʻololi ʻia lākou i ka hibernation.
Eia kekahi, i kēia hihia, loaʻa i nā echidnas kahi papa nui o ka momona subcutaneite, kahi e loaʻa ai iā lākou nā mea momona i ka wā hibernation. Hiki ke hiamoe ka hoʻoilo o nā holoholona i ʻehā mau mahina. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi loa ka hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke ola i 50 mau makahiki i ka nāhelehele, akā ma ka awelika ola lākou a 20 mau makahiki. Kupanaha loa kēlā ʻano kau no nā māmele liʻiliʻi. Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe loea i ke ola lōʻihi i ka lohi o ka metabolism o ka laha.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Echidna
Me ka hoʻomaka o ka hoʻoilo o Australia, e Mei, e ʻākoakoa ai nā echidnas i nā hui liʻiliʻi. Huki ʻia lākou e ka ʻala kūikawā i hoʻopuka ʻia e kēlā me kēia kanaka i kēia wā. Hui pū kekahi mau kāne i hoʻokahi wahine a hoʻoleʻa me ka wahine me ia. ʻO ke kuʻi ʻana a me ka noho pū ʻana hiki ke hala ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina. Ke maopopo iā lākou ua mākaukau ka wahine e male, hoʻokūkū nā kāne. ʻEli lākou i auwaha a puni ka wahine a hoʻāʻo kēlā me kēia kāne e hoʻokuke i nā mea noi ʻē aʻe i waho o ka pōʻai. Loaʻa i ka mea lanakila hoʻokahi ka manawa kūpono e impregnate i ka wahine.
Pēlā nō, hiki i ka wahine ke makemake iā ia iho i kahi hoa, e pili ana i kahi kāne hiki iā ia ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi a hoʻonui i nā nila, a i kekahi, i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē, hiki ke loaʻa koke iā ia. Lōʻihi ka male ʻana, ma kahi o hoʻokahi hola a kū ma ka ʻaoʻao. ʻO kahi mea hoihoi no ka peni kāne echidna. ʻO ka mea mua, nui ia, ma kahi o ʻehiku kenimika, no nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka holoholona. ʻO ka lua, ʻehā ona poʻo a me nā ʻino. Hoʻolālā ʻia nā kākalaioa e hoʻonāukiuki i nā hua manu a ka wahine. Hoʻohana ʻokoʻa ʻia nā poʻo, ʻelua i ka manawa, ʻoiai he pāpālua hoʻi ka lua wahine.
Ma hope o ka momona, ma hope o 3-4 mau pule, kau ka wahine i hoʻokahi hua manu, a i loko o kahi ʻeke. Hiki iā ia ke hana i ka wā o ka hibernation. Liʻiliʻi wale ka hua, hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua gram wale nō. ʻIke wale ka ʻeke i nā wahine i kēia manawa, ma hope nalowale. A hiki i kēia manawa, he mea pohihihi ia i nā ʻepekema pehea ka wahine e hoʻololi ai i kahi hua manu i loko o ka ʻeke. ʻIke ʻia e hūnā ʻia kahi wai lāpili ma ka ʻōpū e ʻae iā ʻoe e hopu i ka hua manu i ʻōwili ʻia, akā ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ke ʻano kikoʻī.
No laila, hānai mau ʻo ia i hua manu i loko o ka ʻeke no 10 mau lā. Hoʻopiʻi ka cub i kahi liʻiliʻi, hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua kenimika wale nō, ʻōhule a nele i ka kōkua ʻole, waiho ia i ka ʻeke a ka makuahine ma kahi o 50 mau lā. I kēia mau lā a pau, hānai ka pēpē i ka waiū o ka makuahine, ʻaʻole i hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai nā nipples, e like me nā mammal āpau, akā pili pono i ka ʻili a me ka ʻahu. No ka hulu hipa, ma loko o ka ʻeke, licks ka cub iā ia, e loaʻa ana nā mea āpau e pono ai.
I loko o kēia manawa, ulu ikaika ʻo ia a hoʻonui i ke kaupaona a 400 g. Hoʻomaka ka puka o nā nila a ʻaʻole hiki i kona makuahine ke komo hou iā ia. I ʻole e hoʻokomo i loko, lawe ʻo ia iā ia i loko o kahi lua i eli ʻia a lawe mai iā ia i ka meaʻai mai nā poʻe mākua ma laila. Hana kēia i kēlā me kēia lā a emi iho a emi i kēlā me kēia manawa. Ke manaʻo ka cub e hiki iā ia ke hele i waho, haʻalele ia i ka pūnana a loaʻa ke kūʻokoʻa.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o echidnas
Kiʻi: Animal echidna
ʻAʻole hoihoi iki ʻo Echidna i kekahi, no ka mea, he prickly a ʻino ia, aloha ʻole. I kēia hihia e wili aʻe ia i mea i poepoe a ʻaʻohe wahi kiko e hoʻokokoke aku ai. ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi ʻoiai no kahi kanaka i hiki ke ʻimi maʻalahi i kahi ala e alualu ai iā echidna, ʻaʻole hoihoi ʻo ia. ʻAʻole pili ka ʻili me nā nila i nā wahi āpau a mai hoʻāʻo hoʻi e kiʻi. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻia ka ʻiʻo a loaʻa ka ʻono ʻole. No laila, hiki i ke kanaka ke hopu i nā echidnas wale no nā zoo a me ka noiʻi ʻana. ʻAʻole nui nā poʻe e pono ai no kēia.
Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kekahi mau mea ʻino ke ʻimi echidna:
- ʻīlio dingo;
- pōpoki ʻaihue;
- puaʻa;
- ʻalopeke;
- moʻo moʻo.
Hiki iā lākou ke pepehi i ka echidna ma kahi pā paʻakikī inā hiki iā lākou ke hopu i ka ʻōpū. Eia hou, ʻaʻole kūpale ka holoholona a ʻai nā mea ʻino iā ia, pale i nā nila. Akā, ʻoiai, ʻaʻole e hāʻawi maʻalahi nā echidnas, holo lākou, ʻoiai ʻaʻole wikiwiki loa. Hoʻāʻo lākou e peʻe i nā ana, nā lua, nā lua i nā aʻa a me nā kumulāʻau. Inā ʻaʻohe ma kahi e kokoke ana, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaka e ʻeli i ka honua ma kahi a ʻeli i loko no laila e kuʻi wale ana nā nila mai ka hope i luna. Ma waho aʻe o nā hoʻoweliweli e ola nei, aia kekahi pilikia no nā echidnas - he ala nui kēia. ʻO ka pinepine, kuʻi nā kaʻa iā lākou i ka pō.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Beast Echidna
Kūpono ka heluna kanaka o kēia ʻano. ʻAʻole kolohe kēia holoholona i ke kaiapuni a noho i ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka mea nui no ka echidnas ka loaʻa o ka meaʻai lawa. ʻAʻole i hoʻemi ʻia ka helu o echidna e nā loea. He mea kupanaha kēia, hāʻawi ʻia i kāna hiʻohiʻona hānau: ma hope o nā mea āpau, hoʻokahi wale nō cuba o ka wahine i ka manawa. Eia nō naʻe, hoʻonohonoho nā mea āpau me ka ʻike i ke kūlohelohe.
Noho maikaʻi nā kānaka i hopu ʻia i ka nāhelehele. Eia nō naʻe, ua hōʻike ʻia ka hānau ʻana i kekahi mau hihia wale nō. Ua make mua nā keiki hānau pio. ʻO kēia kahi mea pohihihi ʻē aʻe no nā ʻepekema: he aha ka mea e nalo nei mai nā moonihoawa. ʻOiai i kēia manawa, nui nā mea i ʻike ʻole ʻia i ka anatomy o ka laha a me ke ʻano a me ka lawena. Echidna he holoholona ʻano ʻole, e hāʻawi ka poʻe loea i ka nui o ka noiʻi iā ia, no ka mea lawe lākou i ka ʻike mai ka wā kahiko loa.
Lā paʻi: 17.02.2019
Lā hou: 09/16/2019 ma 0:27
