Kodiak, a i ʻole kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka bear Alaska, ʻoiai ka nui maoli o ka nui, ʻaʻole ia he mea hoʻoweliweli i nā kānaka. ʻO kekahi o nā mea hōkai nui loa o ko mākou manawa. Hōʻike wale ʻia ia ma hoʻokahi mokupuni kokoke i Alaska. ʻOi aku ka heluna kanaka ona 4000 kanaka. Hoʻoweliweli ʻia kēia mau mea lawelawe i ka luku piha.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: Kodiak
He mammal nui ʻo Kodiak o ke kauoha o nā mea kino, ka ʻohana bear, ka genus o nā bea. He ʻāpana ia o nā bea ʻeleʻele, no laila ke hāpai like nei i nā ʻano like me kona mau hoahānau. No kekahi manawa lōʻihi, manaʻo ka poʻe ʻepekema ʻo ka pili pili loa o ka Kodiak ka wahine aloha. Eia nō naʻe, ma hope o ke aʻo ʻana i kahi mole, ua hoʻololi ʻia ua pili loa nā Kodiaks i ka bear bear brown Kamchatka, ka bea nui loa ma Eurasia.
ʻO kēia ka mea i hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻo nā kūpuna o nā Kodiaks i hele mai i ka mokupuni ʻAkau ʻAkau o ʻAkau Hikina, e like me nā lāhui ʻōiwi. Ua hele mai nā bea i kēia mokupuni ke pili ka mokupuni e kahi isthmus me ka ʻāina nui. Eia naʻe, i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua kahe ka mokupuni, a ua mau ka bea ma ka ʻāpana mokupuni.
Video: Kodiak
ʻO Habitat - nā mokupuni o ka pae ʻāina ʻo Kodiak a me ka mokupuni ʻo Kodiak ponoʻī, aia ma ke komohana hema o Alaska. ʻO ka inoa o kēia ʻāpana "Kodiak" mai ka inoa o ka mokupuni kahi e noho ai a kahi i ʻike mua ai ka ʻepekema i kēia ʻaoʻao. Ua hele mai ka bear bear i nā mokupuni o ka pae ʻāina ʻo Kodiak ma mua loa. Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻomaka ia e hoʻomohala i nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa he 12,000 wale nō makahiki i hala. I ka papa o ka evolution, ma lalo o ka mana o nā kumu like ʻole, e hiki ana kēia bea i kahi nui kupaianaha, e hāʻawi ana i ka nui i ka bear polar wale nō.
Nā kumu i hoʻololi i ka nui o ka bea:
- nele i nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe
- hiki maʻalahi i ka nui o nā meaʻai
Ua like kēia mau holoholona i ka nui me ka bea helehelena pau ʻole i pau i ka make. Ua loaʻa nā ʻepekema i kahi hoʻokalakupua nunui ma ka mokupuni, immobilized a kaupaona ʻia. ʻAʻole i hōʻea ke kaumaha i 800 kg i kahi liʻiliʻi. A laila, i kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai, ua haʻi ka poʻe e noho kokoke ana ʻaʻole i make wale ka holoholona, akā ua hoʻonui i ka nui.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: Kodiak bear
Ua ʻoi aku ʻo Kodiak i kāna mau hoa āpau i ka nui. ʻO ka bea wale nō, ʻo ia ka holoholona nui loa o ka ʻohana, hoʻokumu i ka hoʻokūkū nona.
- ka lōʻihi o ke kino - a i 3 mika;
- ke kiʻekiʻe ma kahi maloʻo - a i 160 kenetimita;
- maiuu - a i 15 kenimika.
ʻO nā kāne ma kahi o 2 mau manawa ka nui ma mua o nā wahine. ʻO ke kaupaona kaumaha o nā kāne he 500 kilo. Hiki i nā wahine i ke kaumaha ma kahi o 250 kilokilo. ʻO ke kaupaona o nā bea ke nānā ʻia ma mua o ka hibernation. Mai ka makahiki ʻeono ʻaʻole ulu hou, lilo i makua piha. ʻIke nā ʻepekema e pili ana i kahi laʻana e kaupaona ana he 780 kilokilo, a, e like me ka ʻōlelo a nā kamaʻāina kūloko, ua lilo ia i mea nui aʻe.
Hoʻokomo koke ka maka nui i ka nānā. Hoʻonohonoho ākea nā maka i kahi ʻike maikaʻi aʻe. He ʻeleʻele ko lākou kala. ʻOi aku ka māmā o ke poʻo ma mua o ke koena o ke kino. ʻO kēia ka ʻokoʻa o kāna ʻohana - ka bear grizzly. Kūlike ke ʻano o ke kino o nā bear brown a pau. He kino paʻa kona, muscular me nā lālā lōʻihi, ikaika a me kahi poʻo nui. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka poho hope o nā ʻāpā e ka ʻili huluhulu loa, i ʻae ai ia e hoʻololi maʻalahi i ke anuanu a me ka hou. Pōkole ka huelo a ʻaʻohe ona hana kūpono.
He mau ʻāpana ikaika ko kēia bea me nā niho ʻoi, hiki ke nahu wale ʻaʻole nā mea kanu, akā, me nā iwi pū kekahi. ʻO nā māiʻuʻu o kēia bea he hiʻohiʻona ʻano ʻokoʻa - hiki ke kiʻi ʻia, a 15 kenimika ka lōʻihi a ʻoi loa hoʻi. ʻO ke ʻala maikaʻi a me ka hoʻolohe maikaʻi ke uku ʻia no ka maka maka ʻole, e hoʻolilo ana i mea predator weliweli loa.
ʻO ka lauoho o ka Kodiak o ka lōʻihi waena, akā mānoanoa. Hele mai ka hulu i nā ʻano ʻalani like ʻole, mai ka beige a i ka pouli. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu maʻamau ka ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, ʻoiai aia kekahi o nā kala ʻulaʻula i ke ʻano.
I nā makahiki ʻelua o ke ola, loaʻa i nā keiki he apo huluhulu keʻokeʻo ma ko lākou ʻāʻī. Nalo i ka ulu ʻana. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hoihoi: ʻo nā bea o ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka mokupuni i loaʻa kahi kapa ʻeleʻele ma mua o ka poʻe noho o ka hema. Loaʻa ka lōʻihi o ke ola i 27 mau makahiki no nā kāne a me 34 mau makahiki no nā wahine. Eia nō naʻe, 10% wale nō o nā keiki hanau āpau e hiki i kēia makahiki, no ka mea, he kiʻekiʻe make nui loa kēia ʻano.
Ma hea e noho ai ka Kodiak?
Kiʻi: Giant Kodiak Bear
ʻO Kodiak, e like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, noho wale ma Kodiak Island a me nā mokupuni pili o ka pae ʻāina ʻo Kodiak. Aia ia ma ke komohana hema o Alaska. ʻAʻole hiki ke loaʻa kēia bea ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka honua. Ma muli o ka pili o ʻAmelika i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa o ʻAmelika, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻoholo he ʻōiwi ʻo ʻAmelike. Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻike nā ʻepekema ʻo ka ʻāina hānau o kēia mau bea ʻo ka Hikina Hikina, a ʻo ka bear bear brown ʻo Kamchatka ka mea pili loa.
Ma muli o ka palena o ka ʻāina, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o kēlā me kēia bea ma mua o ka laʻana, he bea grizzly. He mea hoihoi, akā ke hui lāua, ʻaʻole hakakā ʻo Kodiaks no ka ʻāina. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, i ka wā e hānau ana ka salemona, hele nā bea ʻo ʻAsuria i kahi lehulehu i nā waihona wai e lawaiʻa ai. Makemake ka bea e noho kokoke i nā kumuwaiwai. A hoʻololi wale ia i kona panalāʻau ke lawa ʻole ka meaʻai no ia ma muli o ke kau, akā aia wale nō i loko o kāna pae.
Hoʻopili hou nā wahine i ko lākou makuahine a hoʻāʻo e hele ʻole mai iā ia, ʻoiai ke oʻo. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, holo aku nā kāne mai kā lākou wahi i noho ai ma mua, ua hōʻea i ka makahiki o 3 mau makahiki. Makemake ʻo Kodiak i ka hoʻoilo i nā ana i loaʻa. Inā ʻaʻole e loaʻa iā ia, hoʻomākaukau ka bea iā ia iho me kahi ana, e uhi ana iā ia me nā lau maloʻo a me ka mauʻu.
He aha ka mea a Kodiak e ʻai ai?
Kiʻi: Kodiak brown bear
ʻO Kodiak, e like me nā bea ʻē aʻe, he omnivore ka hapa nui. Hiki iā ia ke ʻai i nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona. He poʻe hahai holoholona maikaʻi loa kēia bea, no ka mea, ʻo ko lākou ʻala he 4 mau manawa ma mua o ko ka ʻīlio. Hiki iā lākou ke alualu i nā dia a me nā kao mauna, akā ʻaʻole nā bear āpau e hana i kēia.
I ka puna, ʻo ka ʻai a ka bea he carrion, mauʻu ʻōpio a me nā limu. Ma hope o ka hibernation, pono i ka bea e loaʻa hou ka ikaika, no ka mea, pili pono ko lākou ola hou i kēia. ʻOiai ʻo ka nohona o kēia bea kahi kokoke i ka Moana Pākīpika, ke kumu o ka papaʻai mai Mei a Kepakemapa ka iʻa, ʻo ka nui o nā ʻano salemona. Hele nā bear i nā waihona pāpaʻu, nā waha o ka muliwai a kali i ka iʻa. Hiki iā lāua ke hopu i ka wai a hopu i ka lele ke lanakila ka iʻa i ke kahakai.
I ka hāʻule, hoʻopiha hou ʻia kā lākou papaʻai me nā ʻalalā a me nā hua hua. Pono nā bear e mālama i ka momona ma mua o ka hibernation. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻo ka pāʻina hou aʻe he 5 mau mahina wale nō lākou ma hope o ka hele ʻana i ka hibernation. He koʻikoʻi loa kēia pilikia no nā wahine, no ka mea e hānai pū lākou i kā lākou mau keiki i ka hoʻoilo a pau.
Hiki i nā Kodiaks ke hoʻololi iki i ko lākou wahi noho i loko o ka makahiki, i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā huahana a i ʻole ka nui o ka nui. ʻAe kēia iā ʻoe e hoʻokaʻawale i kāu papaʻai a hoʻohana i nā keu pono. ʻO ka nui o nā meaʻai a me kāna loaʻa hiki i kēia mau bea ke hōʻea i kēia nui.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: Kodiak
Ke alakaʻi nei kēia ʻāpana o nā bea i kahi nohona e like me ke ola o kona mau hoahānau ʻē aʻe. Alakaʻi lākou i kahi ola mehameha. ʻO nā mea hoʻokoe wale nā kāne i ka wā o ka moena a me nā wahine me nā keiki. He wahi noho ko kēlā me kēia bea, ʻoiai he ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ia, ma kahi laʻana, he bear grizzly. ʻO ka panalāʻau o nā kāne ma kahi o 2 mau manawa ka nui ma mua o ka wahine. Kūkala ka bea i kona panalāʻau ma ke kaha ʻana iā ia. Hiki iā ia ke luliluli i ka lepo, māka me ka mimi a ʻānai paha i nā kumulāʻau, e waiho ana i kona ʻaʻala. ʻAe kēia i ʻike i nā bea ʻē aʻe e noho ʻia kēia wahi. ʻOiai ke hui ʻelua mau bea ma ka ʻāina like, ʻaʻole lākou e hakakā no ia mea, akā e hoʻopuehu lākou me ka maluhia.
ʻO Kodiak ka nui o ka diurnal, akā hiki iā ia ke hānai i ka pō. Hele wale ʻo ia i kahi o kona noho e ʻimi nei i nā meaʻai kau a ʻaʻole hiki ke neʻe i kahi wā lōʻihi. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu mua, e hiamoe nā bea a noho i loko a hiki i ka puna. He mea nui loa i nā bea e hoʻopaʻa i nā mālama momona e ola a hiki i ka puna aʻe. ʻOiai ma ko lākou ʻāina o ka noho ʻana, piha i nā huahana meaʻai, ʻaʻole paʻakikī kēia. ʻO ka hibernates maʻamau i nā ana i loaʻa, akā hiki nō ke noho i kahi ana.
Mālama lākou i kahi kanaka me ka hoihoi. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻike lākou i ka weliweli, hiki paha iā lākou ke hoʻouka. Ke kamaʻilio pū me lākou, pono ʻoe e hoʻāʻo e ʻaʻole e hoʻokokoke iā lākou, no ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻōpio o kēia ʻano ma mua o nā kānaka i ka ikaika a me ka nui. Inā hele kokoke mai ka bea, pono ia e hoʻoweliweli iā ia me kahi uē, ʻaʻole e hoʻāʻo e holo a haʻalele mālie me ka ʻole o ka manaʻo e hoʻouka.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: Kodiak bear
Hoʻomaka ka wā male no Kodiaks i ka waena o Mei a i ka hopena o Iune. ʻO kēia ka manawa e nānā ʻia ka nui o nā meaʻai. ʻO kēia ʻano bea he hoʻokūkū haʻahaʻa no ka wahine, no ka mea, loaʻa i kēlā me kēia kāne he hoʻokahi wahine e male. Hiki i kahi hui paʻa ke noho pū mai kahi mau lā i kahi mau pule.
ʻO nā wahine Kodiak, e like me kekahi ʻano bear, hōʻike i ka lohi o ka embryo implantation i loko o ka kōpū. No laila hoʻomaka ka cell egg me ka cub e hoʻomohala wale i ka hopena o Nowemapa. Hānau ʻia nā pēpē i Ianuali a i Pepeluali paha, i nā hihia i kēia manawa aia ka wahine i ka hibernation. Ma kahi o 2-3 mau keiki i hānau ʻia i hoʻokahi ʻōpala. No ka manawa holoʻokoʻa a hiki i ka puna, ʻai lākou i ka waiū makuahine wale nō. I kekahi manawa, inā haʻalele ka wahine i nā keiki, hiki i kahi bear ʻē aʻe ke ʻae iā lākou.
Loaʻa i nā cubs kahi helu make make kiʻekiʻe loa. Ma kahi o 50% o nā cubs ʻaʻole ola i 2 mau makahiki. ʻO ka poʻe i hiki ke ola e noho me ko lākou makuahine a hiki i 3 mau makahiki, aʻo ka makuahine iā lākou e ʻimi holoholona, pale iā lākou mai ka poʻe kahiko. I ka makahiki 3, lilo lākou i kūʻokoʻa a hoʻomaka i ko lākou ola. Hiki i nā wahine i ka wā ʻōpio ma 4 makahiki, kāne ma 5 makahiki.
Hiki i ka she-bear ke hānau wale i kēlā me kēia 4 mau makahiki, ke pau kāna mālama ʻana i nā keiki o mua. Ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa o ka hānau a me ka make nui, ke lohi nei o ka heluna o kēia mau bea.
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka Kodiak
Kiʻi: Kodiak
I ko lākou wahi noho, ʻaʻohe ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā Kodiaks. Eia naʻe, hoʻoweliweli ʻia ko lākou lehulehu e nā makaʻi e like me nā parasite, nā maʻi lehulehu, nā poʻe ʻimi holoholona a me nā mea ʻai holoholona. Ma muli o ka ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ko lākou lehulehu ma mua o nā bea ʻē aʻe, ulu koke nā maʻi lehulehu i loko o lākou.
Hiki i ka maʻi ahulau ke pepehi ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli mau bea, kahi e hopena ikaika ai i ko lākou heluna kanaka. Noho nā bea mākua i ka makaʻu nui no nā pēpē. Hoʻāʻo pinepine lākou e hoʻouka iā lākou. Pale ikaika ka makuahine i kāna mau keiki, akā naʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine ma mua o nā bea makua.
ʻO ka hui ʻoi loa o Kodiaks ka poʻe ʻōpio. ʻAʻole lākou i lalo o ka pale o ka bea, akā ʻaʻole lākou i loaʻa i ka nui e pono ai no ka pale kūʻokoʻa mai nā mākua. No laila i loko o kēia wā, hoʻāʻo ka poʻe ʻōpio ʻōpio e ʻumeʻume i ka nānā a, inā hiki, pale i ka hālāwai ʻana me nā bea ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻokumu nā hana a ke kanaka i ka hōʻino nui i ka lehulehu o ka bea. ʻOiai ʻo nā mākaʻikaʻi makaʻu ʻole e hiki ke kumu i ka make o kahi bear Alaskan. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoweliweli i ka bea mai kāna wahi hānai maʻamau, no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki ke mālama i ka momona a ola i ka hibernation. ʻAneʻane luku ʻia ʻo Poaching i kēia ʻano holoholona i ka hoʻomaka o ke kenekulia 20, kahi i lilo i lilo hou ʻole no ka lāhui kanaka.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: Kodiak bea i ke kūlohelohe
I ka wā ma mua, ma muli o ka ʻimi nui ʻana i ka huluhulu, kaʻiʻo a me ka momona, ua hoʻemi nui ʻia ka heluna kanaka o kēia mau bea. Ma muli o kēia, i ka waena o ke kenekulia 20, ua hoʻoholo ʻia e lawe iā lākou ma lalo o ka pale honua. I kēia manawa, hoʻomalu pololei ʻia ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana no kēia mau ʻāpana o ka bea e ke kānāwai mokuʻāina. Aia ke kaohi i ke kūlana. ʻAʻole hiki ke pana ʻia ma mua o 160 mau kānaka i kēlā me kēia makahiki, i mea e hōʻeha ʻole ai i ka lehulehu. Hoʻopuka ʻia nā ʻae ʻimi holoholona i kekahi poʻe e makemake e uku i kahi kālā nui.
I kēia manawa, ʻo ka heluna kanaka o kodiaks ma kahi o 4000 mau kānaka. Hoʻokahi a me ka hapa kēia o ka manawa ma mua o 100 mau makahiki i hala. Aia lākou ma lalo o ka mākaʻi koʻikoʻi a ka ʻepekema.
ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o kēia ʻano mea hoihoi loa i ke kaiaolaola kaulana - ʻo Chris Morgan. He mea pono ke hoʻomaopopo ʻana ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hoʻopaʻa wale nei i kēia mau subspecies, akā kākoʻo pū kekahi i ka pale o kēia mau bea.
ʻO ka nānā ʻana i nā kodiaks kahi ʻano hou o ka hoʻokipa nui a me kahi leʻaleʻa punahele a nā kamaʻāina kūloko. Mākaukau wale ka poʻe koa loa e alo i kēia alo kū maka. Aia nā huakaʻi no ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi i Kodiak Island, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma kahi pūnaewele kūikawā. Hele mai nā mea mākaʻikaʻi mai nā wahi a puni o ka honua e ʻike i kēia pilikua. Eia naʻe, hiki i kēia nānā ke hōʻino i nā bea. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, hiki i ka poʻe ke hoʻoweliweli i ka holoholona mai kāna kumu meaʻai maʻamau, a ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke mālama i ka momona i hibernate.
ʻElua wale nō hihia i ʻike ʻia no ka pepehi kanaka kanaka e kēia mau ʻāpana. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke ʻōlelo aʻe he poʻe hahai holoholona kēia mau mea ʻelua a hoʻāʻo e pepehi i nā bea, a hoʻonāukiuki i nā holoholona. No laila hiki iā mākou ke hoʻopau i kēlā kodiak ʻaʻole he bea huhū a ʻaʻole ia he mea weliweli i nā kānaka. Ke alo mau nei kēia ʻano liʻiliʻi i ka makaʻu o ka make piha. ʻO ka helu o kēia mau bea i kēia lā he hapalua wale nō ia o 100 mau makahiki i hala. Akā he mea pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua hoʻokumu nā poʻe i kahi ʻōnaehana pale e kāohi pololei i ka nui o kēia heluna kanaka a ʻaʻole ʻae i ka luku ʻia ʻana o kēia mau mea ʻino nui.
Ka lā paʻi: 01.02.2019
Lā hou: 16.09.2019 ma 21:17
