Ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, i ka wahi e ulu nei o nā ululāʻau coniferous a deciduous paha, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi i hiki ke lele ma waena o ka lewa me ka ʻole o nā ʻeheu. Kapa ʻia kēia mau koʻokoʻo liʻiliʻi i nā protein lele, a i ʻole heʻe lele... ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o kēia mau holoholona ke lele lākou mai kahi kumu a kahi kumulāʻau e hoʻohana ana i nā membrane nui e waiho ana ma waena o nā hope a me nā wāwae mua.
Ke kumu o ka laha a me ka wehewehe
Kiʻi: lele squirrel
ʻO nā mammal lele a i ʻole nā lele lele he hana kupaianaha loa ia i pili ʻole i nā kānāwai o ka umekaumaha.
Aia kekahi mau ʻano o kēia mau holoholona:
- heʻe lele lele maʻalahi;
- ʻeheu hulu hipa;
- lele lele marsupial;
- bobtail.
ʻOhana ʻokoʻa kēia me nā kūpuna maʻamau. Ua hoʻomaka ko lākou moʻokūʻauhau ma mua o 150 miliona mau makahiki i hala. Kākoʻo ʻia nā ʻike e nā mea loaʻa, i ʻoi aku ma mua o 150 miliona mau makahiki, i ʻike ʻia ma Kina. Ua hiki i nā mea lele lele kahiko ke hoʻokele i nā piko o nā kumulāʻau kokoke e like me ke ʻano o nā lele lele o kēia wā.
Video: ʻElepa lele
ʻO nā holoholona lele nui loa i kapa ʻia ʻo Maiopatagium furculiferum. Ua like lākou me ka manu lele lele ʻAmelika ʻAmelika o kēia au, e ana ana ma kahi o 23 knm, a hiki i ko lākou kaumaha i 170 gram. Ua kapa ʻia nā holoholona liʻiliʻi ʻo Vilevolodon. Loaʻa nā ʻāpana ʻelua i nā lālā lōʻihi, maʻalahi hoʻi, nā māiʻu ʻoi, a me nā membrane i hiki ai iā lākou ke piʻi piʻi i nā lālā lāʻau a lele mai kahi kiʻekiʻe loa.
Hiki i nā holoholona kahiko ke huakaʻi i nā mamao ma waena o ka lewa - a i 30 mau mika. Ua hāʻawi kēia i nā holoholona i ka maneuverability ʻoi aku ka nui, ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻopakele ʻana mai nā predators a me kahi manawa kūpono e ola ai.
ʻO ka helehelena a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Kiʻi: holoholona lūlū lele lele
ʻO nā lele lele kahi ʻano kō opossum maʻamau, akā e halihali i kahi ʻano like o nā ʻāpana maʻamau.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o nā lele lele:
- webbing ākea ma waena o nā ʻaoʻao hope a me mua;
- huluhulu mānoanoa a me ka silky;
- maka nunui expressive.
Liʻiliʻi loa kēia mau holoholona a paʻa. ʻAʻole lākou e ulu ma mua o 20-22 cm, hui pū me kahi huelo lōʻihi. ʻO ka maʻamau ʻoi aku ka nui a me ka ikaika o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. ʻAno ʻole, hōʻike loa, poepoe a nui nā maka o ka holoholona e ʻae iā ia e hoʻonohonoho pono iā ia i ke ao a me ka pō, a me nā māiʻu ʻoi loa e hiki ai ke neʻe manuahi ma nā lālā a me nā kalaunu o nā lāʻau.
He poʻo poepoe liʻiliʻi ko ka holoholona, he mau maka ʻeleʻele nunui. Nui ka wāwae o ka hope, me nā māiʻuʻu ʻoi, pelu. He palupalu loa ka hulu o ka squirrel, silky a me ka momona. Hoʻololi ke kala i ka kau. I ke kauwela, he ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula kā nā squirrels, a i ka hoʻoilo he keʻokeʻo-hina. ʻAe kēia i nā holoholona e kāhiko maʻalahi iā lākou iho a ʻike ʻole ʻia i nā mea ʻaihue e hoʻopuni a hakakā paha, e alakaʻi nei i kahi nohona hana.
Ma hea e noho ai ka ʻūlū lele?
Kiʻi: lele lele ma Moscow
Loaʻa nā squirrels lele i ke kūlohelohe kokoke i ka honua holoʻokoʻa.
Hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou:
- ma nā ʻāina ʻokoʻa: ma Lūkia, ʻAmelika, ʻEulopa;
- i nā ʻāina like ʻole: Mongolia, Kōlea, Kina, a pēlā aku.
- ma nā mokupuni nui a liʻiliʻi: ma Iāpana, Sakhalin, nā moku Kuril.
Makemake nā holoholona e noho i ka Birch mākū a i ʻole nā ulu lāʻau deciduous. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā lua pākana a i ʻole nā pūnana manu i haʻalele ʻia no ko lākou home. Hāʻawi ke kala hina o ka huluhulu palupalu i ka camouflage maikaʻi o ka holoholona, e hui pū ʻia me ka birch a i ʻole ka ʻola alder.
Ma nā panalāʻau o Rūsia, aia ma mua o 10 mau ʻano o nā lele lele, i loaʻa nā ʻokoʻa kino liʻiliʻi ma waena o lākou iho.
- Siberian lāua ʻo Anadyr;
- Semipalatinsk lāua ʻo Yakut;
- ʻO Ussuri lāua ʻo Sakhalin.
ʻOkoʻa nā ʻano i ko lākou hiki i ka hoʻoilo a hoʻololi i nā mahana haʻahaʻa. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ka Yakut a me ka Anadyr i nā huluhulu ʻoi aku ka nui a mānoanoa, e ʻae ai iā lākou e pumehana i nā mahana haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa.
Nui nā ʻano o nā lele lele i helu ʻia i loko o ka Red Book a pale ʻia e nā kānāwai kūwaho mai ke kī ʻana a me ka hoʻopau piha ʻana i nā mea ʻai holoholona. I nā ʻāina he nui, pili ka squirrels i ka uku hoʻopaʻi. Akā ʻoiai nā hoʻopaʻi a me nā pāpā āpau, maʻalahi ka squirrels i nā mea ʻai holoholona nāna e luku iā lākou no ko lākou huluhulu nani.
He aha ka ʻai a ka ʻūlū lele?
Kiʻi: Buke ʻulaʻula lele
Pili pono ka papa ʻaina o kahi holoholona i kona ʻano maoli. ʻO ka meaʻai nui nā ʻōpuʻu lāʻau, ka ʻili ʻōpio, nā nila, nā ʻanoʻano o nā conifers a i ʻole nā ʻone, nā mea a ka holoholona e waiho ai i kahi mālama. I loko o kahi ululāʻau deciduous, loaʻa i nā squirrels nā hua a i ʻole nā lau. I nā ʻohana coniferous meaʻai, hoʻohana ʻia nā nati, nā nila.
I kekahi manawa hiki i ka holoholona ke ʻaihue i nā hua manu a i nā moa moa wale nō i pāpī ʻia, kahi mea ʻono no nā squirrels. I ke kau hoʻoilo o ka makahiki, ʻaʻole hele nā holoholona i ka hibernation piha, akā hana ʻole lākou, aia lākou i loko o kā lākou mau lua a ʻai i nā waihona i hoʻomākaukau ʻia i ke kauwela.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Kiʻi: lele squirrel i ke kūlohelohe
Alakaʻi pinepine nā squirrels i kahi nohona nohona ʻeleu, makemake pinepine i nā ululāʻau a i ʻole nā ulu lāʻau i mamao loa mai nā wahi noho kanaka e like me ko lākou wahi noho. I kēia lā hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma nā pāka o ke kūlanakauhale a i ʻole nā pā, ma nā pā ilina a i ʻole nā māla ulu.
E lele i kekahi mau mika ma ka lewa, piʻi ka squirrel i ka piko o ka lāʻau. I ka wā o ka lele, hoʻolaha nui ka holoholona i kona mau lālā, e hana ana i kahi ʻano o "ʻēheu". He mea maʻalahi kēia e hoʻokele i ka lewa, e hoʻololi maʻalahi i ke ʻaoʻao a me ke kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana ʻia ka huelo lōʻihi no ka lele ʻana a me ka lele lele.
Pae ka squirrel ma ke kumu lāʻau i ka manawa like ma nā wāwae ʻehā i kahi kū i luna, i hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻopaʻa paʻa i ka ʻāʻī me kāna mau māiʻuʻu a hāʻule ʻole. Hiki i nā mea lele ke neʻe wikiwiki i nā lālā lāʻau, e ʻae iā lākou e hoʻokele maikaʻi a pakele mai nā ʻenemi.
Hoʻopiʻi pinepine ʻia ka hollow o ka squirrel me ka limu maoli a i mauʻu mauʻu paha. I hoʻokahi hale, hiki i nā holoholona ʻelua ke noho like i ka manawa like. Akā ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, hoʻokaʻawale mau ka wahine a me ke ola ʻokoʻa, ke hāpai ikaika nei i kāna mau keiki a pale iā lākou mai ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o nā ʻenemi kūpono.
ʻO ke kūkulu kaiāulu a me ka hana hou
Kiʻi: lele squirrel ma Lūkia
Hānau kahi wahine squirrel lele i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki i ka nui o 2-4 mau makapō a me nā ʻōlohelohe. ʻO ka hāpai ʻana ma kahi o 5 mau pule. Wehe nā maka o nā keiki ma hope o 2 mau pule. ʻO ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū o ka makuahine he hoʻokahi wale nō mahina. I kēia mau manawa āpau, pili mau ka wahine i kāna mau pēpē, e hoʻomehana iā lākou me ka mehana o kona kino.
Ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina, hoʻoki nā squirrels i ka omo ʻana i ka waiū o ka makuahine, ke hoʻololi nei i ka meaʻai paʻa hou. A ma hope o 2.5 mau mahina, ua hoʻololi a pau nā keiki i ka meaʻai a nā mākua a haʻalele i kā lākou pūnana ʻōiwi, e hoʻomaka ana i ke ola kūʻokoʻa o nā mākua.
I ko lākou nohona kūlohelohe, hiki i nā lele lele ke ola a 6-7 mau makahiki, i ke pio e hiki iā lākou ke ola a 12 mau makahiki. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i loko o nā kūlana kūlohelohe he nui nā ʻenemi predatory i kēia mau koʻokoʻo liʻiliʻi e hoʻāʻo nei e ʻahaʻaina i ka mālamalama, akā nā mea ʻai maikaʻi.
ʻO ka maʻamau ʻaʻole hibernate ka pīpī lele i ka wā hoʻoilo o ka manawa, akā hoʻemi nui ʻia ka hana i kēia wā, hiamoe ka holoholona, lethargic, aneane neʻe ʻole a puni ka uaki. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o ka lele ʻana o kēlā me kēia kanaka mai nā ʻano o nā squirrels nahele maʻamau.
Hana pū lākou i nā mālama no ka hoʻoilo, e hūnā ana iā lākou i loko o kā lākou lua e ʻai ai i ke kau anuanu. I ke kauwela, ʻohiʻohi nā holoholona i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka nahele: nā ʻone, nā ʻalā a me nā hua. Hoʻopili nā holoholona i ka ʻohi ma nā lālā lahilahi e hoʻomaloʻo a mālama hou i kā lākou mālama.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ka lele lele
Kiʻi: lele squirrel
Kūleʻa loa nā squirrels a wikiwiki. Hiki iā lākou ke lele lele me nā lālā o nā lāʻau, lele i nā kumu ʻē aʻe i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. Mālama kēia i kahi pale kūpaʻa kūʻē i nā karnivora predatory a manu paha. Pilikia nā holoholona liʻiliʻi ma nā wahi āpau.
Hiki i nā predators liʻiliʻi ke ʻimi iā lākou: martens, ferrets, weasels. Hiki i nā carnivores nunui a weliweli hoʻi - lynxes, coyotes - hiki ke hoʻouka. Ma waena o nā mea ʻimi hulu, pueo, ʻaeto, falcons, puehu ʻaeto he mea weliweli loa ia i nā squirrels.
Hoʻopakele ʻia ka manu lele e kahi kala camouflage kikoʻī, e hūnā ana iā lākou i ke kumu o nā kumu lāʻau a hiki ke ʻike ʻole ʻia e nā ʻenemi. Hāʻawi ka hiki ke lele i kahi mamao loa i nā manawa kūpono loa no ka maneuver a me ka puʻuhonua mai nā mea ʻino.
Ke hoʻouka ʻia e kahi mea ʻino, lele koke ka squirrel i kahi kumulāʻau ʻē aʻe, holo maikaʻi i ka hoʻoweliweli. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka lele ʻana mai kahi manu nui. Akā hiki i nā squirrels ke hoʻololi i ke alahele o ka lele i kahi lele, a huikau ʻo kahi pueo maʻalea a iʻa pueo aeto hoʻi.
ʻO ka ʻike maikaʻi a me ka hoʻolohe maikaʻi e ʻae i nā holoholona e hoʻonohonoho pono iā lākou iho i ka pō i mea e ʻike ai a lohe ai paha i ka pilikia e hele mai ana ma mua.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Kiʻi: lele squirrel i ka lele
Loaʻa i ka squirrel lele i kona inoa kapakapa i kona hiki ke lele ma waena o nā kumulāʻau pili i kahi mamao loa mai kēlā me kēia. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā holoholona e kahi noʻonoʻo ʻoi loa, pili kaiapili, pāʻani a me ke ʻano akahai.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa koke nā koʻokoʻo liʻiliʻi i ko lākou mea nona, he unpretentious i ka mālama. No laila, i kēia lā makemake nui lākou e like me nā holoholona. Hiki ke loaʻa pinepine iā lākou i nā keʻena kūlanakauhale maʻamau a me nā hale pilikino.
ʻO ka nui o ka nui o nā ʻano lele lele he mea liʻiliʻi loa ia, no laila ke kaupalena ʻia nei ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana no kēia holoholona kū hoʻokahi. ʻAʻole waiwai ka hulu Mammalian. Me ka ʻoluʻolu o waho o ka ʻili, lahilahi ka ʻili a hiki ʻole ke hana maikaʻi no ka hoʻohana hou ʻana.
He paʻakikī loa i nā holoholona e aʻa i loko o kahi pā paʻa, ʻoiai lākou e pono i kahi ākea no ka lele. Ke ʻae ʻia ka holoholona e huakaʻi i loko o ke keʻena, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maikaʻi a lele lele hoʻi mai ka lumi lole i kahi mea lole, e pāʻani ikaika ana me nā keiki a i ʻole nā holoholona ʻē aʻe.
Koa kiaʻi lele
Kiʻi: lele squirrel mai ka Red Book
Hoʻopilikia ka haumia ākea o ka nohona i ka ulu o ka nui o ka squirrel a puni ka honua, ma Rūsia a i ʻole nā ʻāina CIS. ʻOiai ke emi nui nei ka nui o nā squirrels lele i kēia manawa a puni ka panalāʻau Lūkia, ua helu ʻia ka holoholona i ka Red Book a aia i ka pale o ke kānāwai. Akā ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi ka hāʻule o nā helu, no laila ʻaʻohe pono e hopohopo no ka nalowale piha ʻana o nā laha mai ka alo o ka honua.
Hiki i nā holoholona maka maka nui ke aloha nui i ko lākou haku. He paʻakikī loa lākou e hoʻomanawanui i ka loneli a me ka nānā ʻole. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e lawe i nā pēpē ma lalo o ka makahiki 2 mau makahiki e kōkua i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka holoholona i nā kūlana hou. Paipai ʻia e hānai i nā holoholona mai nā lima, ka mea e kōkua ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka launa aloha ma waena o nā kānaka a me nā holoholona.
ʻO nā squirrels nā holoholona nocturnal, akā i ka lawe pio ʻana maʻalahi lākou e hoʻoponopono hou i kā lākou biorhythms no ke ʻano o ke ola o ke kanaka i ke ao. He mea nui loa i kēlā me kēia mea e loaʻa i kā lākou hale kaʻawale. No laila, no lākou he mea pono e hoʻolako i kahi ipu kūikawā a i kahi pā nui, kahi e pono ai ka pulupulu a i ʻole ka hulu hulu. E moe ana i loko o kahi mink huluhulu ʻoluʻolu, e palekana ka holoholona a hiamoe maikaʻi.
Pono ʻoe e hānai i kahi holoholona i loko o ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana me kahi hānai kūikawā i loaʻa i nā ʻūlū, nā ʻenuhe a i ʻole nā mea kolo. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka meaʻai pōpoki kēpau mau no ka hānai ʻana i nā protein. He mea nui ka hāʻawi ʻana i kāu holoholona i kahi wai momona, meli a hua ʻai paha i kēlā me kēia lā. Pono e hoʻololi i ka wai i ka mea inu i kēlā me kēia lā. He mea nui ia i nā protein e hoʻomoe i ka paʻakai crystalline, kahi mea e pono ai e hoʻopiha i ke kaulike paʻakai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i ka tī liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ka yogurt unsweetened i ka meaʻai o nā holoholona.
Ma muli o ka pono o nā squirrels lele i kahi nui manuahi no kā lākou lele i kēlā me kēia lā, pono lākou e ʻae e hele a puni ka hale. Ke lele nei a puni nā keʻena a me nā waihona i kona piha, e hele ka holoholona i loko o kona hale no ka hoʻomaha a me ka ʻai ʻana.
Nani a nani hoʻi heʻe lele ʻumeʻume i ka nānā hou aku o nā mea hānai a me nā mea aloha exotic. Ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi squirrel, pono ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka hale o ke kanaka, ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke noho hou i kāna ʻano maoli. No laila, pono ʻoe e kuleana a mai hoʻokuʻu i ka holoholona i ke alanui, e waiho ana i kāna mau pono ponoʻī a me kahi make.
Lā paʻi: 26.01.2019
Lā hou: 17.09.2019 ma 9:20
