ʻO ka Maykong, a i ʻole nā ʻalopā savanna (pāpaʻi) kahi māmele kolohe e pili ana i ka ʻohana Canidae. I kēia lā, ʻo ka fox fox ka mea wale nō o ka lā Cerdocyon. Mai ka ʻōlelo Helene, ua unuhi ʻia ka inoa generic Cerdocyon ma ke ʻano he "ʻīlio maʻalea", a ʻo ka epithetflix kikoʻī "jackal", no ka like o waho o ka holoholona me nā ʻīlio hae.
Ka wehewehe o Maikong
I kēia lā, ʻelima mau ʻāpana o ka pāpaʻi (savana) i ʻike nui ʻia a aʻo piha ʻia hoʻi. Wahi a nā loea kūloko a me nā haole, ʻo ke ola o nā alopeke pāpale ma luna o ko mākou honua ma kahi o 3.1 miliona mau makahiki. ʻO nā lālā āpau o kēia ʻohana nā lālā wale nō o ka genus Cerdocyon, a ʻo kekahi o nā ʻohana pili loa o ka Maikong e manaʻo ʻia nei ua make.
Manaʻo nā kānaka ʻepekema iā Cerdocyon avius ma ke ʻano he kūpuna wale nō o ka fox fox. Ua noho kēia predator i ka honua ma kahi o 4.8-4.9 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hui mua ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, akā neʻe wikiwiki i ka hema, kahi i koho ai i ka ʻāina ʻAmelika Hema e noho ai.
ʻO nā ʻāpana nui i kū i kēia lā ʻo Cerdocyon<< aquilus, Cerdocyon<< entrerianus, Cerdocyon<< azarae, a me Cerdocyonflix germanus.
ʻIke, nā ana
He kala hina hina hina ka me ka waena waena me nā māka tanna ma nā wāwae, nā pepeiao a me ka waha. Holo kahi kaula ʻeleʻele ma ka pali o kahi māmele, a i kekahi manawa hiki ke uhi i ke kua holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ke kala maʻamau o ka ʻāʻī a me ka ʻōpū mai ka ʻōlena melemele i ka hina a keʻokeʻo paha. ʻO ka piko o ka huelo a ʻo nā wēlau o nā pepeiao ʻeleʻele i ke kala. ʻEʻeleʻele nā lālā i ke kala.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kahi mākua Maikong he 60-71 cm, me nā nui o ka huelo maʻamau mai 28-30 knm. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻena kiʻekiʻe o kahi holoholona i nā mea mae wale i ka 50 cm, me ke kaupaona ma 5-8 kg. ʻO ka helu o nā niho he 42 ʻāpana. Hoʻololi ka lōʻihi o ka iwi poʻo o ka predator ma waena o 12.0-13.5 cm. Ma ke ʻano he holoholona pono a maikaʻi ʻole hoʻi, mālama mau ʻia nā mamamals Maikong (savana, a i ʻole nā ʻalopeke pāpale) e nā Indian Guarani (Paraguay), a me ka Quechua ma Bolivia.
Ka nohona ola, hana
Noho ʻo Maikongs i ka mauʻu mauʻu a me nā papu, a i ke kau ua, loaʻa pū kekahi o ia mau ʻano mammal ma nā wahi mauna. Makemake kēlā mau holoholona e alualu i ka pō, ʻo ia wale nō, akā i kekahi manawa aia kekahi mau pālule ʻāpana savanna e ʻimi ikaika nei i nā meaʻai kūpono.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ia mau holoholona he aneane omnivorous. I waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole ʻo Maikongs nā mammal predatory teritori, no laila, ʻākoakoa pinepine nā ʻalopeke o nā savanna i nā wahi me kahi waihona meaʻai nui. ʻAʻole ʻeli nā holoholona hihiu i kā lākou iho lua a me nā hale malumalu iā lākou iho, ʻoi aku ka makemake e noho i nā hale o haʻi ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka nui a me kahi.
ʻO nā pūnaewele pākahi, ma ke ʻano he lula, ʻokoʻa ma waena o 0.6-0.9 km2, a ma nā wahi hāmama ma Brazil, noho mau ka makua a me nā keiki makua i kahi o 5-10 km2.
Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola ʻana o Maikong
ʻO ka awelika i hoʻokūpaʻa ʻia i ke ola o kahi mammal predatory i nā kūlana kūlohelohe i ʻoi aku i ka ʻelima a ʻehiku mau makahiki, no ka hopena o nā kumu kūwaho he nui ʻole, ka ʻili ʻana a me ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi ʻenemi kūlohelohe.
Noho kahi ʻāpana nui o nā holoholona i ka nāhelehele no ka ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻekolu mau makahiki, akā hiki i nā māmele predatory tamed ke ola lōʻihi loa. I kēia lā, ke mālama ʻia i ka pio, ua ʻike ʻia ka palena kiʻekiʻe o ke ola o ka Maikong, ʻo ia nō 11 mau makahiki a me 6 mau mahina.
Dimorphism moekolohe
Wahi a nā hōʻike ʻepekema, ʻaʻohe mea ʻokoʻa i waena o nā wahine Maikong a me nā kāne. I ka manawa like, e like me kekahi mau hōʻike, ʻoi aku ka māmā a me kaiki o nā ala wahine, a maʻemaʻe a pōʻai ʻia nā ala kāne.
Nā ʻāpana ʻo Maikong
Kuhi ʻia nā subspecies Cerdocyon<< aquilus e kahi huluhulu pōkole, mānoanoa, melemele-ʻeleʻele me kahi mālamalama ma lalo a me ka hapanui hina, ʻeleʻele a me nā aka ʻeleʻele. Aia kahi ʻāpana longitudinal ʻeleʻele ma ka ʻaoʻao luna o ka huelo. Ākea ka iwi poʻo, me ka lae i uhi ʻia. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka holoholona i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me ka fox Central Europe.
ʻO ke kala huluhulu pōkole o nā subspecies Cerdocyon<< entrerianus he loli nui i kēlā me kēia kanaka, akā, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, ʻike ʻia ia e kahi hina hina a i ʻole ʻike ʻia nā kala brownish, pinepine me nā leo melemele i haʻi ʻia. ʻAʻohe ʻokoʻa nui o nā subspecies Cerdocyon<< azarae a me Cerdocyon<< germanus i nā hiʻohiʻona kūwaho.
ʻAʻohe hiʻohiʻona nui o ka leo ikepili o ka Maikong, a i ʻole ka savana savanna (pāpaʻi), a ʻo nā kani i hana ʻia e kēia mammal predatory e hōʻike ʻia e ka hae ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻalopeke.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
ʻO ka Maikong ʻAmelika Hema kahi kamaʻāina maʻamau a kokoke i ke kapakai komohana o ka ʻāina ʻAmelika Hema, mai ka ʻĀkau ʻo Colombia a i Kili. Wahi a nā mea i ʻike hou ʻia, ʻo ia kahi holoholona manō mamalia e ʻike pinepine ʻia i nā savannahs o Venezuela a me Colombia.
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka holoholona ma Guyana, a ma ka hema a me ka hikina o Brazil, ma ka hema hikina o Bolivia, ma Paraguay a me Uruguay, a ma ka ʻĀkau ʻo Argentina. Noho paʻa ʻo Maikongs i nā lua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe a hana kūʻokoʻa i ka hoʻomaikaʻi home ʻana i nā hihia kūikawā wale nō.
ʻO Maykongs, a i ʻole nā ʻalopeke savanna (pāpaʻi), makemake i nā wahi ulu lāʻau a ākea a i ʻole nā steppes mauʻu (savannas), noho i nā wahi mauna a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi i nā ʻāina pālahalaha. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, hoʻohana nā mea ʻānō i nā wahi kiʻekiʻe i ka wā ua, a neʻe nā holoholona i nā wahi haʻahaʻa a pālahalaha me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā maloʻo.
Maʻalahi loa ka hihiu o ka Maikong hihiu, no laila, i kēia manawa, loaʻa pinepine nā mea ʻino i nā kauhale India paʻa.
ʻAiʻai Maikong
Maikong he omnivorous, a ʻo kā lākou papaʻai nā ʻenekini, nā koʻokoʻo liʻiliʻi, nā hua, nā mea kolo (nā moʻo a me nā hua manu kuhukukū), nā manu, nā rana a me nā pāpaʻi. I ka manawa like, loli ka papa ʻaina o ka predator ma muli o ka loaʻa o ka waihona meaʻai a me nā ʻano o ke kau. ʻAe ka wā pulu i nā kai kahakai i ka fox savannah e ʻai i nā pāpaʻi a me nā crustacean ʻē aʻe. I ka wā maloʻo, loaʻa i ka papa Maikong makua ka nui o nā ʻano meaʻai like ʻole.
Wahi a nā noiʻi, ʻo ka papaʻai o ka fox crab e pili ana ma kahi o 25% o nā meaola liʻiliʻi, ma kahi o 24% o nā mea kolo, 0.6% o nā marsupial a me ka helu like o nā lāpaki, 35.1% o nā amphibians a me 10.3% o nā manu, a ʻo 5.2% o nā iʻa.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Hiki i nā kāne ke oʻo makua i ka ʻeiwa mau makahiki o ka makahiki, a ua oʻo nā wahine Maikong i ka moekolohe ma kahi o hoʻokahi makahiki. ʻO ka hāpai ʻana i ka wāwae i ka wā he mimi kahi hōʻailona o ka wā ʻōpio. ʻO ka hāpai ʻana o ka fox Savannah ma kahi o 52-59 mau lā, akā ma ka awelika hānau ʻia nā keiki ma nā lā 56-57. ʻO ka wā hānau o ka māmele predatory mai ʻApelila a ʻAukake.
Mai ka ʻekolu a i ʻole ʻeono mau pēpē i hānau ʻia i ka ʻōpala, ke kaupaona ʻia ma ke kaha o 120-160 mau huna. Hānau ʻia nā keiki niho ʻole me nā maka a me nā pepeiao. ʻO nā maka o ka Maikong ke hāmama wale i nā hebedoma ʻelua o kona makahiki. ʻO kaʻahuʻula o nā pēpē he hinaʻeleʻele, aneaneʻeleʻele. I loko o ka ʻōpū, hina ke ʻahu, a ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa he ʻano melemele.
Ma kahi o iwakālua mau lā o kona mau makahiki, ua hoʻolei ka lauoho lauoho a i loko o nā ʻīlio 35 mau lā o ka fox savannah, lawe ke kapa i ka helehelena o kahi holoholona makua. ʻO ka wā lactation (hānai ʻana me ka waiū) mau no ʻekolu mau mahina, akā mai ka makahiki o hoʻokahi mahina, ua hele a hoʻomaʻamaʻa mālie ʻo Maikong puppy, me ka waiū, i nā ʻano meaʻai paʻa āpau.
ʻO nā alopeke pāpale i mālama pio ʻia he monogamous a ulu pinepine i ʻelua mau manawa i ka makahiki, i nā wā he ʻehiku a ʻewalu paha.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
ʻAʻohe waiwai o ka hulu o ka Maikong, a i ʻole ka saxana fox, akā i ka wā maloʻo ua kī ʻia nā holoholona predatory ma ke ʻano he poʻe lawe i nā rabies. Hiki i nā holoholona maʻalea a me ke akamai ke ʻaihue i nā moa mai ka mahiʻai mahiʻai, no laila luku pinepine ʻole ʻia lākou e nā kamaʻāina kūloko, nā mahiʻai a me nā kahu hānai. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia kekahi o nā holoholona e nā poʻe no ke kumu o ka hoʻonui hou ʻana ma ke ʻano he holoholona. ʻAʻole lilo ka Maikongs makua i pio no nā holoholona predatory nui pinepine.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
ʻO ka poʻe lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana Canidae, ka genus Cerdocyon a me ka maikong i ulu nui loa, a ma kahi mau wahi e like me ka mammal predatory e kahi helu kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kahi laʻana, ma Venezuela, ʻo ka nui o nā fox sabana e pili ana i 1 kanaka no kēlā me kēia 25 hectare. I kēia lā ua helu ʻia ʻo Maikong ma ka CITES 2000 Appendix, akā ua hoʻolaha aku ka Papa Manu ʻĀina o ʻAtalina i ka ʻalopeke crab mai kahi makaʻu.
