He ʻelele maopopo nā ʻōlapa o kahi papa ākea a lehulehu o nā Manu, ʻo ke kauoha ʻo ʻĀlapa a me ka ʻohana ʻo Psittacidae. Lawe ʻia nā ʻoka i ka panalāʻau o Rūkia ma ka hopena o ke kenekulia ʻumikūmālima. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka nohona i haʻi ʻia, hiki i nā ʻoka ke hoʻomōhala i kahi ʻike kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. Ua ʻike ʻia nā noiʻi he nui ʻaʻole hiki i kēlā mau manu ke aʻo koke a hoʻomanaʻo i nā kauoha, akā he ʻano noʻonoʻo kālaiʻike kekahi.
Hōʻike o nā ʻoka
I kēia lā, ua hōʻike ʻia ka ʻohana Parrot e nā ʻohana nui ʻelima. ʻO nā ʻāpā Woodpecker (Micropsitta) e noho nei ma Nūkini a me nā mokupuni kokoke e ʻike ʻia e nā liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ke kanaka makua ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 8-10 knm. Wahi a kekahi mau luna ʻauhau, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou i ʻohana ʻokoʻa.
ʻO nā Lunamakaʻāinana o nā ʻāpana ʻāpana ʻohana ʻoiaʻiʻo (Psittacinae) e noho nui nei ma ʻApelika a me ʻAmelika, akā hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma Australia. He pōkole, he ʻoki pololei a i puni paha i ka huelo, a noho wale i nā lāʻau. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka New Zealand Zoogeographic Region e ke kū ʻana o nā pueo a i ʻole nā ʻūlū honua (Strigopinae), he ʻano like me ka pueo, akā he hulu ʻoi aku ka palupalu. ʻOiwi ʻo Nestorinae i ka mokupuni o Nūhōlani.
Helehelena
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o waho o ka hulu e pili ana i ka nohona o ka hulu, kāna moekolohe, a me nā ʻano o ka ʻaka. Mai kahi manaʻo anatomical o ka nānā ʻana, ʻo ke ʻano kūwaho o kahi manu e like me ke poʻo o ke poʻo, ke poʻo a me ke poʻo o ke poʻo, ka ʻāʻī, ke kua a me nā ʻēheu, nā poʻohiwi, ka umauma a me ka ʻōpū, nā wāwae a me ka huelo. Nui nā maka o nā ʻoka, a uhi ʻia ka ʻaoʻao mua o ka eyeball e ke kole (membrane aniani moakaka), kahi e ʻike maopopo ʻia ai nā aniani o nā kala like ʻole. Aia ka haumāna i ka ʻāpana waena o nā aniani. Māhele ʻia ka pepeiao o ka manu i loko a i waena, a uhi ʻia nā puka pepeiao me nā hulu liʻiliʻi.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka nuku e kahi ʻoka ʻaʻole wale no ka ʻūlū paʻa ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka wai inu, akā he kākoʻo hou ia ke piʻi. Hoʻohanohano ʻia nā manu e nā nuku nuku i hoʻomohala nui ʻia a me kāna iwi ā luna. Hoʻohālikelike ke kumu o ka nuku i ke alo o kahi waki kūikawā o nā ʻano like ʻole, nā kala ʻula a me nā kala ʻole. Aia nā puka ihu ma ka mulu o nā manu.
Hoʻololi nā forelimbs, hōʻike ʻia e nā ʻēheu ikaika i hoʻolālā ʻia no ka lele ʻana. ʻO ka hulu ma nā ʻeheu ke komo i nā ʻeheu lele a me nā contour, a i ka wā i paʻa ai, ʻo kahi ʻāpana o ke kino e mālama i kahi mahana paʻa, ʻoluʻolu no ka manu.
ʻO ka huelo o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā parrot me kahi ʻumikumamālua hulu huelo nui e uhi ana i ka huelo luna a undertail i ke ʻano o nā uhi huelo o nā lōʻihi like ʻole. He pōkole loa nā wāwae o nā ʻoka āpau a ikaika, hoʻomohala maikaʻi. ʻEhā manamana wāwae o ko nā manu ma ko lākou mau wāwae, ʻo ka lua a me ke kolu o nā lōʻihi, ua kuhikuhi ʻia i mua. ʻO ka loko a me nā manamana waho e kū i hope. Kikoʻikuʻu loa a kūlou hoʻi, aia nā māiʻu lōʻihi lōʻihi ma nā manamana lima.
Nā nui manu
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā ʻano ʻaka ʻoi aku ma mua o kā lākou mau hoa i ka nui waena. I ka manawa like, hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ulu a i ka mika i ka lōʻihi, ʻoiai aia kekahi mau ʻano, ʻo ka nui o ia mai ka hiʻu a i ka lei aliʻi he 10-20 cm wale nō. ʻO ka mahele o nā ʻoka nui loa nā:
- amazons ke poʻo melemele a me chenelitium;
- parrot-vase nui;
- lori ʻulaʻula alo ʻulaʻula;
- ʻuʻukū kanikau ʻeleu pepeiao a ʻeleʻele;
- pueo ʻoka;
- macaw ʻulaʻula a me melemele-melemele;
- macaw hyacinth.
ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā nū liʻiliʻi e ko lākou nui liʻiliʻi wale nō, akā, me ko lākou nani o waho. ʻO nā manu o nā kumu exotic pinepine ʻia e ka poʻe, ʻeleu a akamai hoʻi. ʻO nā ʻelele liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻohana ʻoka he ʻōlio wahie, ʻo ka awelika o ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 7-13 cm, me ke kaupaona ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 12-13 gram. ʻO nā ʻoka sparrow-like e pili ana i nā ʻano Passerine he kino he 12-14 knm ka lōʻihi, me ke kaupaona o 25-30 gram.
Auila
I ka hapanui o nā hihia, noho nā ʻoka i nā ʻohana o nā helu like ʻole o kēlā me kēia, a makemake kekahi i ka pūnana i nā kolone. Hiki i nā pūʻulu manu i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka wai a me nā meaʻai ke holo a aneane mau ka lele ʻana, ke kūpale ʻana i kahi mamao a me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻāina.
Noho pinepine nā manu i nā lua, akā pūnana kekahi ʻano i nā lua a i nā lua pōhaku. ʻO ka walaʻau a me ka uwa nui mai nā ʻano nui loa he hiki ʻole i ka pepeiao o ke kanaka. ʻO nā ʻoka liʻiliʻi, ma ke ʻano he rula, he leo ʻoluʻolu a melodic hoʻi.
Wā ola
Kūlike ʻole i ka kuhi hewa nui o nā kamaʻāina, ʻo ka awelika ke ola o kahi ʻeleka hiki ke lilo i hoʻokahi haneli a ʻoi paha mau makahiki, a he nui nā livers lōʻihi like ʻole i loko o ka ʻohana manu, akā ʻo ka hapanui o nā lālā o ka ʻohana e noho nei ma mua o ka hapalua kenekulia.
ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo ke ola o nā budgerigars maʻamau i ka lawe pio ʻana ma 12 averisa mau makahiki, akā ʻo kēlā me kēia haneli hānai hānai hānai hānai ʻia a hiki i nā makahiki he ʻumikūmāono, a hiki i kēlā me kēia tausani ʻelele ke ola i 18-19 mau makahiki. A ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke ola i ka pio ʻana o nā Cuban ʻAmelona he ʻehā mau makahiki.
Dimorphism moekolohe
Aia nā genital o nā ʻoka i loko o ka lua o ka ʻōpū. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā kāne e ke kū ʻana o nā mea hōʻikeʻike bean a me nā vas deferens e hāmama ana i loko o ke koloka. I nā wahine, hoʻomohala maikaʻi ka ovary hema, a aia kekahi oviduct lōʻihi lōʻihi ʻole e wehe i loko o ka cloaca. I kēia hihia, ʻaʻole hoʻokumu ʻia nā hua i loko o ka ovary i ka manawa like.
ʻO ka dimorphism moekolohe i nā kāʻei āpau i kēia manawa nāwaliwali loa. ʻAno like nā waihoʻoluʻu o nā wahine makua a me nā kāne o ia mau manu. ʻO kahi ʻokoʻa i kēia lula i kēia lā e nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka Nobel parrot species, kahi i ʻike ʻia ai ka ʻokoʻa o ke kala o nā kāne a haʻi ʻia i kekahi manawa i hala, ua kuhihewa nā wahine a me nā kāne no nā manu ʻokoʻa loa.
ʻAno palaoa
Ma muli o ka papa helu ʻauhau o kēia manawa a e like me nā ʻano like ʻole o nā ornithologists, aia ma kahi o 350-370 mau ʻano e pili ana i ka ʻohana o nā ʻoka, nā moa, nesterovs, loriaceae.
ʻAmelona
ʻO ʻAmelona he mau ʻelele o ka genus kahiko o nā ʻoka, i ʻike ʻia mai ka wā o Columbus. ʻO nā manu nui loa i ka nui a hiki i 40 cm ka lōʻihi, ʻike ʻia e ko lākou helehelena nani, pāʻani, a me ka hiki no ke kamaʻilio kūpono. Hoʻonui ʻia ka plumage e ke kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo, akā aia kekahi mau ʻano i loaʻa nā kukuna lilelile ma ka huelo, ma kahi o ke poʻo a me nā ʻēheu. ʻO nā mea ʻano o ka nohona a me ke kala e hōʻike ʻia i nā inoa o nā ʻano e kū nei: nā ʻAmona polū a me nā maka polū, nā ʻāʻī melemele, Venezuelan, Cuban a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Makawā
ʻO nā macaws he ʻoka nui aʻe ma mua o kā lākou congeners, nona ka lōʻihi o ke kino i hoʻokahi mika. ʻO ka plumage o nā ʻelele o ka laha e hoʻomalu ʻia e nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo nani a momona, polū, ʻulaʻula a me nā kala melemele. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona ke kū ʻana o nā wahi me ka ʻole o nā hulu ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo, a me nā maka. Kū ka macaw pepeiao ʻulaʻula i kona pepeiao no ke mele a me ke ʻano maikaʻi loa o ke kani o nā mea kani. Ma mua, ua mālama ʻia kēlā mau manu e like me ke kiaʻi, e hoʻomaopopo ana i nā haku me kā lākou uē nui ʻana e pili ana i ka helehelena o nā malihini.
Kahakuloa
ʻO Aratings he mau lunamaka o nā kākā liʻiliʻi i ka nui. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o ke kanaka makua e pili ana iā 20-30 cm. ʻO kēlā mau manu e ʻike ʻia e kahi ʻano leʻaleʻa a ʻoluʻolu loa. Ma ka nohona home, ua kapa aloha ʻia kēia mau ʻoka "paleko". ʻO ka maka keʻokeʻo a me ka lā, a ʻo nā ʻano gula hoʻi ka lōʻihi o ka lanakila ʻana i nā manuʻāina exotic me nā kala ʻōlinolino i ka plumage. ʻO nā hemahema nui o nā ʻelele o ka laha e komo i kahi leo ʻoi loa a leo nui hoʻi, kahi e hiki ai i kahi ʻoloka ke hoʻopuka no kekahi kumu.
Mākala keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo
ʻO nā ʻoka keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo he mau manu aie i ko lākou inoa ʻano ʻole i nā ʻano o ko lākou helehelena. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻākōlō waena e ka stocky build a me nā waihoʻoluʻu, nā waihoʻoluʻu nui loa ma nā ʻeheu, kua, hope a me ke poʻo. Hele mai nā hulu manu i ka nui o nā aka o ka melemele, ʻalani a me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Kū mai kahi hui o nā ʻoka ʻulaʻula a me nā poʻo ʻeleʻele. Ma ke kūlohelohe, he manu manuahi loa kēia me ka noʻonoʻo nīnau, ka hoʻomanawanui a me ka wit wikiwiki.
Fan a hawk parrot
ʻO ka peʻapeʻa peʻapeʻa kahi manu waena me ka nui o ka plumage kala. ʻO nā kānaka māmā ke alo i nā hulu ʻeleʻele ma nā ʻaoʻao o ko lākou mau poʻo, nā ʻeheu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a me ka ʻāʻī ʻulaʻula a me ka umauma. Loaʻa i nā hulu āpau i mua ka palena polū. ʻAno ʻole nā hulu ʻeleʻele ma ka lae i ka laha. ʻO ka peʻapeʻa peʻahi i kona inoa i ka hiki ke hāpai i nā hulu manu i ka manawa o ka pīhoihoi, ma muli o kahi collar peculiar i hana ʻia a puni ke poʻo, i ke kala a me ke ʻano e like me ka pale poʻo o nā ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. Hāʻawi kēia hiʻohiʻona i ka ʻoka i ka paʻakikī a me ka predatory, kokoke i ke ʻano hawkish.
ʻO Budgies
ʻO ka budgerigar kahi manu liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi kaulana ia no ka helehelena a nani hoʻi o kona helehelena. I ke kūlohelohe, ua lawelawe ke kala lau nahele i pale pale hilinaʻi ʻia mai nā ʻenemi. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ʻelele o ka laha ke alo o ka poni a me nā kiko ʻeleʻele ma nā papalina, a wehewehe ʻia ka inoa e ka waviness ʻeleʻele o nā manu. Ma ke ʻano he hopena o nā hana hoʻouluulu lehulehu, ua hānai ʻia kahi ʻano nui o nā budgies, a ua lilo koke i mau manu hoʻonaninani maʻamau e hiki ke lele nani.
Manu ʻoka sparrow
ʻO nā manu ʻaʻa Sparrow nā kamaʻāina o nā ululāʻau mangrove ma kahi kokoke i nā waihona wai o Brazil, ʻAmelika a me Colombia, kahi maʻa mau kēlā mau manu. ʻO nā manu me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, melemele, uliuli nā plumage e hoʻonani i nā hiʻohiʻona kūlohelohe. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kino o nā mākua ma mua o 14-15 knm. He huelo pōkole ko ke ʻano o ia mau manu, koa loa a hiki ke hoʻouka i nā manu i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o lākou. Kaukaʻi ʻia i nā ʻano o ke kala, ʻokoʻa ka Mekiko, nā ʻēheu uliuli, he melemele me nā ʻohana ʻē aʻe. Mākaukau nā Lunamakaʻāinana o nā laha e hana hou i ka makahiki o hoʻokahi.
ʻO Jaco
ʻO Jaco nā ʻoka i ʻike ʻia i kēia manawa ʻo nā manu akamai loa a hoʻomohala nui ʻia, nona ka ʻike i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka pae ulu o kahi keiki ʻekolu a ʻehā paha makahiki. Ma waho aʻe o ka hana hou ʻana i nā leo, hiki i nā lunamaka o nā laha ke hiki ke hoʻoholo i nā kūlana i kūpono nā kauana semant. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia holoholona hulu manu e manaʻo ʻia he paʻakikī, e koi ana i kahi ala kūikawā. ʻO ka nui o ka nūnū nani a me ke akamai he awelika, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kahi kanaka makua a hiki i 30-35 cm, me ka nui o ka huelo ma waena o 8-9 cm. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka plumage he hina hina a ʻulaʻula paha.
ʻRotlapa ʻemerald
ʻO ka parrot emerald i kēia lā he mau lunamakaʻāinana kaʻawale o nā laha, ke hui pū nei me kahi mea liʻiliʻi loa. ʻO nā manu kaiapili e makemake e hoʻohui i nā hui o ʻumikūmāono mau kānaka. I ka wā wī a i ʻole wā maikaʻi ʻole, hoʻokokoke nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi i kekahi i kekahi, no laila, i ka lele ʻana, hiki i nā manu ke hana i nā "ao manu" ʻōmaʻomaʻo. I nā lau o ka lau nahele, nui ka nalo e like me ka hehee, i wehewehe maʻalahi ʻia e ke kala emerala o nā hulu. ʻO nā Lunamaka'āinana o nā lāhui he mau wāwae ikaika me nā māiʻuʻu i kaha i nā manamana wāwae. He nuku lou, me he mea lā i hoʻomaʻa ʻia no ka ʻeli mau ʻana o ka mea pio liʻiliʻi mai ka lepo a i ʻole ke ʻimi ʻana i nā mea kolo i ka ʻā kaulike ʻole o nā kumu lāʻau.
ʻO Cockatoo
Nui ka waiwai o nā amateurs a me nā connoisseurs i nā lunamakaʻāinana o nā ʻāpana like ʻole o nā kakā cockatoo ma muli o ko lākou helehelena maikaʻi a me ka nui nui. ʻO nā kānaka nunui o kēia laha hiki i ka lōʻihi o 60-70 cm. ʻO ka nuku mana a hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia o ka manu e like me nā mea ʻokiʻoki, me ke kōkua o ka pūpū o nā nati i wehe ʻia e nā manu. Inā makemake ʻia, hiki i ka ʻalalā ke maʻalahi a nahu koke i ka uea. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻona o ka helehelena o ka cockatoo ke kū ʻana o kahi crest hoʻomākeʻaka. ʻO ke kala o ia mea hoʻohanohano nani, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, ʻokoʻa i ke kala o ka plumage nui. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka wā i ka nui o nā kala ʻalani, keʻokeʻo a me ka melemele. ʻAno loa ʻo Cockatoo me ka plumage pouli.
ʻLlaki manu pueo
He manu kahiko ʻo Kakapo a ua nalowale loa ka hiki ke lele lele. Ma muli o ka plumage fanning a puni ke poʻo, ua like ka hiʻohiʻona o kahi ʻulu pueo me ko ka pueo. ʻO ka plumage palupalu a me ka ʻono ʻono maikaʻi ʻole o ia manu ua lilo i hoʻokahi o nā kumu nui no ka luku ʻia ʻana o kēia mau ʻoka, nona ka heluna kanaka i ola wale ma nā wahi mamao o Nūhōlani. Kaupaona ka manu nui a 4 kg, he leo nui kona, e like me ke kāhea ʻana o ka ʻūlū, ka namunamu a kahi puaʻa a i ʻole ka uē a ka hoki. ʻO ke kala plumage e like me nā lole camouflage. Hoʻohanohano ʻia ka manu e kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo-ʻōmaʻomaʻo me nā kiko kala a me nā ʻeleʻele. Alakaʻi nā kakapo mākua i kahi nohona kaʻawale, makemake i nā wahi me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka wai.
Nā ʻoka o Nūhōlani
ʻO kā Kakariki a i ʻole ʻo New Zealand nā ʻāpala i loko o ka mahele o nā manu kūloko i ʻike nui ʻia e hoʻomaha ʻole i ke ʻano. Loaʻa i nā manu liʻiliʻi he huelo lōʻihi o ke kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻano. Ke mālama ʻia i ke pio ʻana, ma waho o ka pā, he mea nui ia no ia ʻano holoholona e hāʻawi i ke kūʻokoʻa o ka neʻe no ʻehā a ʻelima mau hola i ka lā. He manu launa ʻole ʻo Kakariki i hiki ke hōʻike pinepine i ko lākou kūʻokoʻa piha a pale i ke aloha mai ka mea nāna lākou.
Nā Kūpale
ʻO Kea a i ʻole nā Nestors, e like me ka haʻi ʻana o ka ornithologists, ua loaʻa ko lākou inoa ma muli o ka uē kūlohelohe, e like loa me ke kani "ke-e-a-a-a". Makemake nā ʻōlapa o kēia laha i nā wahi mauna i kahi kiʻekiʻe ma mua o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua kaukani mika ma luna o ka ʻilikai. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēlā mau wahi e ka hau, ka makani a me ka noe. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mālie ʻo Kea a hiki i ka makani pāhili a hiki ke hana i nā hana maʻa lele e like me nā acrobats maoli. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hua ʻoliva o ka manu e ka ʻulaʻula ʻalani a me nā ʻōmole nani loa ma ka ʻaoʻao o loko o nā ʻeheu. ʻO ka plumage nui o ka Nestors i kāhiko ʻia me nā kaha polū. ʻO Kea i kēia lā no ka mahele o nā ʻelele akamai loa o ka ʻohana ʻoka.
Kāʻā a nā lei lei paha
ʻO nā manu nani a nani hoʻi kahi ʻano a hehi hoʻi o ka huelo. He kino waena ko nā mākua, ma waena o 45-50 knm. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kēia ʻano peʻapeʻa e ke kū ʻana o kahi lei kupaianaha loa a puni ka ʻāʻī a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana kala ʻeleʻele i hoʻopiʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o kahi ʻano paʻa. ʻO nā kākā kani he ʻōmaʻomaʻo ka nui o nā kala, a hoʻohana nā manu i ko lākou nuku no ka piʻi ʻana i nā kumulāʻau, i wehewehe ʻia e nā wāwae nāwaliwali a maikaʻi ʻole ke hoʻomohala ʻia.
Roselle
Mahalo nui ʻia ʻo Rosella e nā mea aloha i nā holoholona hulu exotic no kona ʻano mālie, a me kahi plumage ʻokoʻa loa e like me nā unahi iʻa i ke kala. ʻO ka plumage o ia mau manu e ʻike ʻia e nā kala ʻōlinolino, i hōʻike ʻia e nā leo polū, ʻulaʻula, melemele a me nā ʻeleʻele. Hiki i nā manu o kēia ʻano ke hiki ke hoʻololi i nā ʻano like ʻole, no laila maʻalahi lākou i nā papa māla a me nā pāka, hoʻololi koke i ka ʻike home. ʻO ke kaulana o nā rosela ma muli o ke kani o ko lākou leo, a me ke kuko no ke mele akahai.
Nā ʻrlio Senegala
ʻO nā manu ʻē aʻe o ka nui waena e ʻike ʻia e nā ʻēheu lōʻihi. Kūpono nā mākua o kēia laha e hana i nā maʻa sirkus maʻalahi. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka hiʻohiʻona o nā manu e ka ʻalani alani a me ke kua ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a me ka plumage hina i ka wahi poʻo. He mea paʻakikī loa e hoʻopaʻa i nā mea hihiu, akā ʻo nā moa i hānai ʻia i nā kahu hānai e maʻalahi a maʻalahi ka mālama ʻia ʻana i ka pio.
Eclectus
Hoʻohanohano ʻia ka ʻoka o kēia ʻano e ka hana hanohano. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēlā mau manu e ka hāmama a me ke aloha piha, a mahalo i ko lākou kūlohelohe, hiki iā lākou ke lilo i hoa aloha maoli a hoa kanaka hoʻi. Lōʻihi ke kino o ke kanaka makua mai 35-37 a i 43-45 knm. I ka manawa like, loaʻa i nā manu kahi plumage lahilahi me ke kala momona, a hiki i nā peʻa kupaianaha a me nā kala ke hāʻawi i ka manu i kahi helehelena maikaʻi.
Kahi noho, wahi noho
Noho nā manu me ke kala ʻokoʻa i nā subtropics a me nā tropic. Ma mua o ka hapalua o nā laha i ʻike ʻia i kēia manawa e noho nei ma Nūhōlani, a ʻo ka hapakolu o ka nohona o ia mau manu i loaʻa ma ʻAmelika Hema a me Central America. Noho kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o nā ʻoka i ʻApelika a me nā ʻāina o ʻAkia Hema. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, makemake nā ʻōlapa i nā ululāʻau, akā hiki i kekahi ʻano ke noho i nā ʻāpana steppe a me nā wahi mauna. ʻO nā puʻu termite i haʻalele ʻia, nā lua a me nā lua e lilo i hale manu.
ʻAiʻai Parrot
I kēia manawa, aia kekahi mau ʻohana ʻelua: cockatoos and parrots. ʻO ka ʻohana cockatoo kahi ʻohana ma mua. Hoʻomaopopo ka nui o nā luna ʻauhau i nā ʻohana ʻohana o Nestorian a me Loriaceae i mau ʻohana ʻokoʻa. I ka manawa like, aia kekahi mau ʻohana i kēia lā ma kahi o 316-350 ʻano.
ʻO kahi ʻāpana nui o ka laha i ka ʻāpana o nā manu lau nahele, e hānai nei i nā hua a me nā hua like ʻole, nā rhizome, a me nā mea kanu, nā ʻāpana lahilahi o nā ʻano mea kanu like ʻole. ʻAi kekahi mau ʻoka i ka nectar, ke kohu lāʻau a me ka pollen. Hoʻohana nā ʻōpelu i nā mea kolo liʻiliʻi e like me ka protein protein.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Hoʻokumu ʻia nā keiki olakino a ikaika hoʻi mai nā manu paʻa ʻelua e pili ana i nā ʻohana like ʻole. I ka manawa like, mākaukau ka makahiki no ka hana kope ʻana, no ka hapanui o nā laha, hiki wale mai i hoʻokahi a me ka hapa a i ʻole ʻelua mau makahiki, a ke ʻike ʻia nā mea hōʻailona huahana i nā manu ʻekolu makahiki. No nā ʻaka, ʻaʻole ʻano ke ʻano kolohe i ka wā moena.
Mālama nui nā ʻoka i nā lua, akā hoʻohana paha lākou i nā lua a i nā puʻu termite no kēia kumu. ʻO ka hulu i ka hapanui o nā hihia he monogamous ia. I nā lunamaka o nā laha liʻiliʻi e noho ana i nā ʻohana hipa nui, ua haki nā pālua i kekahi manawa ma lalo o ka mana o kekahi mau kumu maikaʻi ʻole, e like me ka make ʻana o kahi hoa, kahi pūnana ʻole i kūleʻa ʻole ʻia, a i ʻole ka lakio male ʻole.
ʻO ka laha nui loa e kope i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki, ʻoiai he mau lālani liʻiliʻi ʻelua a ʻehā paʻa i ka wā kau. Hoʻololi ka nui o nā manu i ka nui a i ʻole 1-12 (pinepine 2-5) mau hua. Ma ke ʻano he kaulike, hoʻopili wale nā wahine i nā hua. Hānau ʻia nā ʻikena a makapō a ʻōlohelohe, a hānai nā mākua i kā lākou mau keiki ma ke kaʻe ʻana mai kā lākou goiter.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
He ʻenemi hulu nui nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā ʻoka, a me nā holoholona ʻaihue terrestrial. ʻO ka ʻiʻo o kekahi ʻano o nā ʻoka, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo ka cockatoos a me ka ʻAmona, hoʻohana nui ʻia e like me ka meaʻai e nā ʻōiwi ʻōiwi e noho ana i ka panalāʻau o ʻAmelika Hema, a me nā ʻōiwi Australia.
Wahi a nā hōʻike a ka poʻe huakaʻi a me nā ʻepekema, ua mahi lōʻihi ʻia nā kākā macaw e kekahi mau ʻohana India o Amazon. ʻO nā manu i hānai ʻia i kēia ala ʻaʻole lākou e luku ʻia no kaʻiʻo, akā hoʻohana wale ʻia no ka ʻili ʻana i nā hulu huali kala pono e pono ai no ka hana ʻana i nā pāpale haipule.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o nā laha
ʻO nā ʻoka, ma ke ʻano he lunamakaʻāinana o ka lāhui, ua ola mai ka kenekulia ʻelima BC. No kekahi mau kaukani makahiki, ua hoʻopau ʻia ka manu ma muli o kona nani a nani hoʻi, a ua hopu ʻia no ka mālama pio ʻana. Hāʻawi pū ka nahele ʻōlohelohe i ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ia mau manu. Ua nalowale loa kekahi mau laha a i ʻole ka ʻaneʻane pau. I kēia manawa, helu ʻia nā mea aʻe i ka Red Book (IWC):
- ʻRotiwi ʻōiwi o Australia;
- ʻ parlapa mokupuni ʻo Seychelles;
- kekahi mau ʻāpana o nā ʻākā Amazon.
- ʻulu lāʻau ulu maʻamau;
- kakapo (parrot or owl parrot).
Manaʻo ʻia ua nalowale ʻo Kakapo i kahi nohona kūlohelohe, no laila, mālama ʻia nā lunamaka o nā laha i kēia lā wale nō i nā hale mālama pilikino a me nā mālama. Hoʻohui ʻia i nā mea i helu ʻia, ʻo nā lāhui laha ʻole e komo pū me ka Inca cockatoo, blue macaw, golden arata, ka mōʻī Amazon, a me ka macaw Cuban a me ka cockatoo Solomon.
Mālama ʻia ka mālama ʻana i nā laha laha ʻole ma ka pae mokuʻāina a me ka pae honua. No kēia kumu, ke piʻi nei ka helu o nā wahi mālama holoholona laka a me nā mālama, ke mālama ʻia nei ka hanauna manu ʻana me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā manu i ko lākou wahi maoli. ʻO ke kaua kūʻē i ka ʻaihue a me ka pāpā ʻana i ka lawe kū kānāwai ʻole ʻana i nā manu laha ʻole mai ka ʻāina i ʻike ʻia he maikaʻi.
