ʻO nā pōpoki niho-Saber nā lālā maʻamau o ka subfamily make o ka feline. ʻO kekahi barburofelids a me nimravids, ʻaʻole ia no ka ʻohana Felidae, i kekahi manawa ua hoʻokaʻawale hewa ʻia me nā pōpoki Sabertooth. Ua loaʻa kekahi mau māmela ʻāpala ʻo Saber i kekahi mau kauoha ʻē aʻe, e like me nā creodonts (maheroid) a me nā marsupial niho ʻopa, i ʻike nui ʻia me nā tilakosmils.
Ka wehewehe ʻana o nā pōpoki niho kīnalo
Ua loaʻa nā pōpoki niho-Saber i ka Middle and Early Miocene i ʻApelika. ʻO kahi lunamakaʻāinana o ka subfamily Pseudaelurus quadridentatus ma muli o ke ʻano i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā canine luna... ʻO ka hapanui paha, kahi ʻano like e kūlia i ka mea i kapa ʻia he evolution o nā pōpoki niho niho. ʻO nā lunamakaʻāinana hope loa i ka ʻohana ʻohana o nā pōpoki niho niho, ka lā Smilodon.
A me ka homotherium (Homotherium), lilo i ka hopena o Pleistocene, ma kahi o 10 tausani mau makahiki i hala. ʻO ka moʻomeheu Miomachairodus mua kaulana loa i ʻike ʻia ma ka Miocene Waena o Turkey a me ʻApelika. I ka wā hope loa o Miocene, ua loaʻa nā pōpoki niho kīpē i nā wahi he nui me Barbourofelis a me kekahi mau carnivora archaic nunui me nā canine lōʻihi.
Helehelena
Ua hōʻike ʻia ka kālailai ʻana o DNA, i paʻi ʻia ma 2005, ua kaʻawale ka ʻohana Machairodontinae mai nā kūpuna mua o nā pōpoki o kēia lā, a ʻaʻohe ona pilina me nā ʻāpana ola. Ma ka panalāʻau o ʻApelika a me Eurasia, ua noho kūleʻa pū kekahi mau pōpoki niho me ka mau pelines ʻē aʻe, akā hoʻokūkū ʻia me nā cheetah, a me nā panther. Ma ʻAmelika, ʻo ia mau holoholona, me nā smilodon, noho pū me ka liona ʻAmelika (Panthera leo atrox) a me ka puma (Puma concolor), ka jaguar (Panthera onca) a me ka miracinonyx (Miracinonyx).
Hoihoi ia! ʻOkoʻa nā manaʻo o ka poʻe ʻepekema e pili ana i ke kala o ka ʻahu, akā manaʻo ka poʻe loea he like ʻole ke kala o ka hulu, akā me ka loaʻa o nā kaha i ʻike maka ʻia a i ʻole nā kiko ma ke kuʻuna nui.
ʻO nā pōpoki niho a me ka ʻāumi niho i hoʻokūkū i waena o lākou iho no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai, i hoʻonāukiuki ai i ka luku o ka mea hope loa. Loaʻa i nā pōpoki āpau āpau a ʻoi aku paha nā canine luna kiʻekiʻe. Wahi a ka ʻike o ka DNA i aʻo ʻia o ka mitochondrial type, he mau kūpuna ko ka saber niho o ka subfamily Machairodontinae i ola ma kahi o 20 miliona mau makahiki i hala. Lōʻihi loa nā holoholona a ʻike ʻia nā ʻīlio wili. I kekahi mau laha, ua hiki ka lōʻihi o ia mau canine i 18-22 knm, a hiki i ka waha ke maʻalahi i ka 95 °. Hiki i kēlā me kēia manu o kēia au ke hāmama i kona waha ma 65 ° wale nō.
ʻO ke aʻo ʻana o nā niho i loaʻa ma nā koena o nā pōpoki niho kīnā i ʻae ʻia nā ʻepekema e huki i kēia hopena: inā i hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻiʻo e nā holoholona, ma mua a ma hope hoʻi, a laila hiki iā lākou ke ʻoki maoli i ka ʻiʻo o ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka neʻe ʻana o kēlā mau niho mai kekahi ʻaoʻao a i kekahi ʻē aʻe hiki ke hōʻeha maoli a i ʻole ka haki piha. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia ka muzzles o ka predator i mua. ʻAʻohe o nā keiki pono o nā pōpoki niho kīloi i kēia manawa, a ʻo ka nīnau no ka pili pili me ka leopadi kapua hou o kēia manawa ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa.
Ua hōʻike ʻia ka predator extinct e kahi kino i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia, ikaika a muscular loa, akā ʻo ka hapa nui o nā holoholona āpau ʻo ia ka ʻaoʻao mua, i hōʻike ʻia e nā paws mua a me kahi ʻāʻī nui. Ua ʻae ka ʻāʻī ikaika i ka mea hōkai e mālama maʻalahi i ke kaumaha o ke kino holoʻokoʻa, a me ka hana ʻana i ka paʻakikī āpau o nā maneuvers poʻo nui. Ma ke ʻano he hopena o ke ʻano o ke kino, he mau ala nā pōpoki niho kīkī e kīkē ai i ko lākou mau wāwae me hoʻokahi nahu, a laila haehae e ʻāpana i kā lākou mea pio.
Ka nui o nā pōpoki niho kīnalo
Ma o ke ʻano o ko lākou kino, ua ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka lokomaikaʻi a me nā holoholona ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā pōpoki niho ʻāpana ma mua o nā pōpoki hou o kēia wā. He mea maʻamau ia no nā mea he nui i kahi ʻāpana huelo pokole, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i ka huelo o kahi lynx. Manaʻo nui ʻia hoʻi ʻo nā pōpoki niho kīkī kahi no ka mahele o nā mea ʻaihue nui loa. Eia nō naʻe, ua hōʻoia ʻia i ka ʻepekema he nui ka nui o kēia ʻano ʻohana ma ka liʻiliʻi, ua ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ocelot a me ka leopadi. ʻO kahi wale nō, e like me Smilodons a me Homotherium, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia i megafauna.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka predator ma nā wahi maloʻo, malia paha he 100-120 cm, me ka lōʻihi ma waena o 2.5 mau mika, a ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka huelo ma mua o 25-30 cm. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka iwi poʻo ma kahi o 30-40 cm, a ua hoʻomāmā iki ʻia ka ʻāpana o ka occipital a me ka ʻaoʻao mua.
ʻO nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana Machairodontini, a ʻo Homoterini paha, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā canine nunui a ākea ākea hoʻi, i lawelawe ʻia ma loko. I ke kaʻina o ka ʻimi holoholona, ua hilinaʻi pinepine kēlā mau predators i kahi hahau, ʻaʻole ma ka nahu. ʻO nā tigers he niho ʻeleʻele o ka ʻohana Smilodontini kahi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e nā lōʻihi, akā he ʻikiʻiki hoʻi o luna, kahi i nele i ka nui o nā serrations. He mea make ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana me nā ʻālina o luna a lalo, a me kona nui he like me ka liona a i ʻole ke Tiga ʻo Amur.
ʻO nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻekolu a me ka ʻohana kahiko o Metailurini i hōʻike ʻia e ka mea i kapa ʻia "pae transitional" o nā canine... ʻAe ʻae ʻia ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēlā mau mea ʻae mai nā Machairodontids ʻē aʻe i ka wanaʻao, a ua ʻano ʻē iki lākou. Ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi o ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻano hāhā ʻāpana niho i kapa ʻia nā holoholona o kēia ʻohana he "pōpoki liʻiliʻi", a i ʻole "pseudo-saber-niho". I kēia mau lā, ua pau ka hāʻawi ʻia ʻana o nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia ʻohana i nā pōpoki ʻo Sabretooth subfamily.
Ka nohona ola, hana
ʻO nā pōpoki niho ʻā Saber, i nā mea āpau, ʻaʻole wale nō he poʻe scavenger wale nō, akā he mau mea ʻaihue ʻeleu hoʻi. Hiki iā ia ke manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka nui o nā pōpoki niho kīloi i pau i ka hiki ke alualu i nā mea pio nui. I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻole ʻia nā hōʻike pololei o ka ʻimi ʻana i nā mammoth makua a i ʻole kā lākou keiki, akā ʻo nā iwi o ia mau holoholona i loaʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā koena o nā ʻāpana o ka species Homotherium serum e hōʻike pono i kahi hiki
Hoihoi ia! Kākoʻo ʻia ke kumumanaʻo o nā hiʻohiʻona lawena e nā ʻūlū mua ikaika loa o smilodons, i hoʻohana ʻino ʻia e nā mea ʻino e hoʻokau i ka mea pio i ka honua i mea e hāʻawi ai i kahi nahu make.
ʻO ke kumu hana o ke ʻano a me nā niho lōʻihi loa o nā pōpoki niho kīnā ke waiho ʻia ke kumuhana o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ikaika a hiki i kēia lā. He mea hiki wale nō ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻokau i ka ʻeha hohonu a me nā ʻeha laceration i ka mea pio nui, kahi e kahe koke ai ka mea i hoʻomake ʻia. Manaʻo ka nui o nā loiloi i kēia kuhiakau ʻaʻole hiki i nā niho ke kū i kahi kaumaha a pono e haki. No laila, hōʻike pinepine ʻia ka manaʻo e hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻiʻo e nā pōpoki niho kīnā wale no ka pōʻino like i ka trachea a me ke aʻa o ka carotid i hopu ʻia, pio pio.
Wā ola
ʻO ke ola maoli o nā pōpoki niho kīnā ʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā ʻepekema kūloko a me nā ʻāina ʻē.
Dimorphism moekolohe
Aia kekahi mana i hōʻoia ʻole ʻia ʻo nā niho lōʻihi loa o ka predator i lawelawe ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻonaninani nona a ʻumeʻume hoʻi i nā ʻohana o ka wahine ʻē aʻe i ka hana ʻana i nā hana male. Ua hoʻoliʻiliʻi nā canine elongated i ka laulā o ka nahu, akā i kēia hihia, ʻo ka paha, he mau hōʻailona paha o ka dimorphism moekolohe.
ʻIke moʻolelo
Ua loaʻa nā koena o kekahi mau pōpoki niho kīlehu ma nā ʻāina āpau koe ʻo Antarctica a me ʻAukekulia... ʻIke ʻia nā mea kahiko loa i 20 mau makahiki. ʻO ka mana mana o ke kumu o ka luku ʻia o nā kamaʻāina o Pleistocene, e like me ka ʻepekema, ke waiho nei i ka wī i kupu aʻe ma lalo o ka mana o ke au hau. Hōʻoia ʻia kēia kumumanaʻo e ka nui o ka lole o ka niho ma ke koena o ia mau mea ʻaihue.
Hoihoi ia!Ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā niho wili i ala ai ka manaʻo i ka wā wī, hoʻomaka nā mea ʻaihue e ʻai i nā mea pio a pau, me nā iwi, i hōʻeha i nā ʻāʻī o ka pōpoki niho niho.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i hoʻokūpaʻa ʻia kahi noiʻi hou o kēia manawa i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka pae o ka lole o nā niho i nā pōpoki karnivorous make i nā wā like ʻole o ke ola. Ma hope o ka hoʻokolokolo pono ʻana o nā koena, nui nā haole a haole paleontologists i ka hopena ʻo ke kumu nui o ka make ʻana o nā pōpoki niho ʻāpiki ʻoi o ko lākou ʻano ponoʻī.
ʻO nā ʻāʻī lōʻihi kaulana no nā holoholona i ka manawa like ʻaʻole wale he mea kaua weliweli no ka luku ʻana i ka mea pio, akā kahi ʻāpana palupalu hoʻi o ke kino o ko lākou mau ona. Ua haki koke nā niho, no laila, ma hope iho, e like me ka noʻonoʻo o ka evolution, ua make maoli nā ʻano āpau me kēlā ʻano.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Ma nā panalāʻau o ʻEulopa o kēia manawa, nā pōpoki niho kīnohinui, i kū ʻia i kēlā manawa e homotheria, aia ma kahi o 30 tausani mau makahiki i hala. Ua loaʻa ia mau mea ʻino ma nā wahi o ke Kai ʻĀkau, a i ia manawa he ʻāina ia e noho ana.
Ma nā wahi like ʻole o ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ua aneane make nā smilodons a me homotheria ma kahi o ka manawa he ʻumi kaukani mau makahiki i hala. Ma nā panalāʻau o ʻApelika a me ʻAkia Hema, ʻo nā lunamaka nui loa o nā pōpoki niho, ʻo nā meganterion, ua make i ka wā ma mua, ma kahi o 500 tausani mau makahiki i hala.
ʻO kaʻai o nā pōpoki niho kīkaha
ʻO nā liona ʻAmelika (Panthera atrox) a me Smilodons (Smilodon fatalis) kekahi o nā holoholona predatory nui loa o ka wā Pleistocene.
ʻO ka mana maikaʻi loa o ka papaʻai o nā pōpoki niho kīkaha i waiho ʻia i mua e nā paleontologists nāna i kālailai i nā ʻōpala a me nā ʻāpana ma nā niho o smilodons i loaʻa ma Kaleponi.... I ka hōʻuluʻulu, ua aʻo nā mea noiʻi e pili ana i kahi mau poʻo poʻo o ka ʻumikūmālua, nona ka makahiki mai 11 a 35,000 mau makahiki.
Wahi a nā kānaka noiʻi, ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea ʻaihue ʻAmelika ke nele i ka ʻai, a ʻo ka helu o nā niho haki ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana i kahi papaʻai o ka mea pio nui. ʻO nā nānā ʻana o nā liona hou i ʻōlelo aku ai ʻaʻole i haki pinepine nā niho o nā mea ʻaihue i ka wā o ka pāʻina ʻana, akā i ka wā o ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana, no laila ua make paha nā pōpoki niho niho ʻaʻole no ka pōloli, akā ma muli o ka loli.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Hiki paha i ka poʻe ʻaihue ʻaihue ke makemake e noho i nā hui kaiaulu i komo pū me ʻekolu a ʻehā mau wahine, he mau kāne makua kāne moekolohe, a me kekahi mau ʻōpio. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻohe mea pili pono i kēia manawa e pili ana i ka hānau ʻana o nā pōpoki niho. Manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā holoholona predatory kekahi hemahema o ka meaʻai, no laila, hana nui lākou.
E hoihoi pū kekahi:
- Megalodon (lat.Cararodon megalodon)
- ʻO Pterodactyl (Latin Pterodactylus)
- Tarbosaurus (lat.Tarbosaurus)
- ʻO Stegosaurus (Lūkini Stegosaurus)
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
Ua hoʻomalu ka pōpoki niho ʻo Saber i kahi ʻāina nui no nā makahiki he ʻumi miliona, akā naʻe, ua nalo koke aku ua mau mea ʻino lā. Manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole i kōkua ʻia kēia e nā kānaka a i ʻole nā holoholona nui ʻino ʻē aʻe, akā na ka loli nui o ke aniau o ko mākou honua. ʻO kekahi o nā mana i kēia lā ʻo ke kumumanaʻo o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka meteorite, a ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ʻo Coldas Cooling, he mea weliweli ia no nā ola āpau ma ka honua.
