ʻO kahi iʻa i kapa ʻia ʻo muksun no ke ʻano o nā salmonid, ka genus whitefish, subfamily keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka Lunamakaʻāinana o nā lāhui, he pilina pili ia no ka Baikal omul. ʻIke ʻia ka iʻa i loko o nā waihona wai wai, mahalo nui ʻia, hopu ʻia a hānai ʻia ma kahi pālākiō ʻoihana e ka lehulehu a me nā mea kālepa o ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka Russian Federation.
Ka wehewehe o muksun
Loaʻa i kahi ʻiʻo Muksun kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa... No laila, hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano iʻa iʻa hou me kona ʻono a me ka ʻaʻala. ʻOiai ʻo ka poʻe me nā maʻi ate a me nā puʻupaʻa e ʻae ʻia e hoʻohui iā ia i kā lākou papaʻai, a ʻoi aku ka makemake o nā mea pāʻani e nānā pono i kā lākou papaʻai ponoʻī.
Helehelena
Nui nā iʻa i ka ʻohana salemona. Akā ʻo ka iʻa muksun kekahi o nā ʻelele waiwai nui. Mai ka wā kahiko, i ka wā i kūʻai ʻia aku ai ka sterlet i nā bākeke ma nā mākeke lawaiʻa, ua kūʻai wale ʻia aku ʻo muksun e ka ʻāpana. ʻO ke ʻano o kahi lunamakaʻāinana o ka genus e hōʻike ana i kona ʻano.
I ke ʻano, ʻokoʻa ka muksun mai kona ʻohana - he kino kālapa kona. Hoʻolahalaha ke kino i nā ʻaoʻao i pālahalaha ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao. ʻAʻole kānalua ke kala o ka iʻa: ma lalo o ka pouli, pili i ke koena o ke kino, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ke kua, ʻāpana kālā. Keʻokeʻo ka ʻōpū. Loaʻa i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka muliwai kahi hue gula. ʻO kahi a me kekahi ʻano o ke kala e lawelawe ai ka iʻa i kahi lawelawe nui, e ʻaneʻane ʻole e ʻike ʻia i ke kolamu wai. ʻO ke poʻo a me ka huelo i kahi wahi i hāpai iki ʻia; i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā ʻōpio, hoʻomaka kahi puʻupuʻu i loko o ka iʻa no kēia mea, e ʻike ʻia ai ke kūlou.
Hoihoi ia!ʻO ke kaulike kaulike o kahi hiʻohiʻona mākua o ka genus whitefish mai 1 a 2 kilokilo. ʻO kēia nā lālā waiwai nui loa o ka laha. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Muksun he nui, kaupaona ʻia mai 3 a 4 kilokilo. Aia kekahi mau hihia o ka hopu ʻana i ka iʻa nunui, a hiki i ke kaumaha o 8-12 kilogram. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kahi muksun maʻamau he 74 mau kenimika.
Loaʻa ke ʻano o ke poʻo, me ka waha ma lalo. Pālahalaha ka iwi ā lalo i mua, kahi e hāʻawi ai i ka iʻa i kahi maikaʻi i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i nā crustacea liʻiliʻi, kālua ʻia a i ʻole nā mea kolo no ka meaʻai. Hāʻawi ka lehulehu o nā mea ʻūhū kānana i ka kānana ʻana o ka waiwai pio mai ka silt o lalo, he mea maikaʻi loa ia no nā holoholona ʻōpio i makemake e ʻai i ka plankton.
Ka nohona ola, hana
ʻO ka iʻa muksun ka hapa nui o ka semi-anadromous. No ka noho ʻana, koho ʻo ia i nā waihona wai hou a semi-saline paha, kahi e hānai nui ʻia ai. ʻAʻole make ka iʻa i ka wā o ka hānau keiki ʻana. Muksun, hiki ke lanakila ma kahi o 1-2 tausani mau kilomita i luna o ka muliwai e waiho i nā hua manu, a ma hope e hoʻi ʻo ia i ka home e hoʻōla a hoʻokō i ka hana hou ʻana i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola o muksun
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola o kahi muksun mai 16 a 20 mau makahiki. Eia naʻe, ua hopu ʻia nā lawaiʻa a me nā iʻa ola lōʻihi i hōʻea i ka makahiki maoli he 25 mau makahiki.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Muksun e nā waihona waihona maʻemaʻe me ka wai hou a wai hou paha... Pono e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ka wai. No laila, ʻaʻole hiki ke hāpai ʻia i ka moana. Māʻona ʻo Muksun me nā ʻauwai nui o nā kahawai, kahi e hiki ai i ka wai ke huʻihuʻi me ka wai kai a loaʻa kahi ʻono paʻakai iki.
ʻO nā hoʻokoe wale nō he mau lālā kūʻālua, kahi kūpono ʻole o nā kūlana no kēia iʻa whimsical.
Hoihoi ia!Nui ʻo Muksun i loko o ka wai o nā kahawai ʻo Lena a me Yenisei. Loaʻa ke ʻano muliwai lacustrine i nā loko e like me Lama, Taimyr a me Glubokoe.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hui me nā iʻa muksun i kēlā me kēia kahawai ʻo Siberian Russia. Loaʻa pū ia i loko o ka wai o ka Moana ʻAtika. Aia ia i loko o nā wai saline liʻiliʻi o ka Moana Arctic e ʻike pinepine ʻia ai ka muksun. ʻO ka helu nui loa o nā ʻelele o ka laha e hoʻopili ʻia i nā kahawai ʻo Tom a me Ob. Noho ʻo Muksun ma kahi o ka makahiki. I nā kahawai ʻē aʻe, hele pinepine i ka neʻe ʻana e hele i ka ʻōpū. ʻAno like ke ʻano o ke ʻano loko.
Mea ʻai Muksun
ʻO ke kumu, ʻo ka ʻano o ka ʻai iʻa e pili ana i ke kau a me nā kūlana ola. I ke kauwela, hoʻohana ʻia nā crustacea a me molluscs, i ka hoʻoilo e hoʻopau ʻia lākou e zooplankton. ʻO nā holoholona ʻōpio, ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻimi a hana i nā meaʻai nui, hānai i ka plankton āpau. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, loaʻa i nā iʻa he mau papa ʻaila e hana ma ke ʻano he kānana. Kōkua lākou i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka plankton nutrient mai ka silt muliwai a me ka wai, e hāʻawi ana i ka iʻa i ka meaʻai e pono ai.
ʻO ka papa kuhikuhi nui o muksun kahi o crustacean, caviar (ʻo nā ʻano iʻa ʻē aʻe a me kā lākou ponoʻī), kālua a me ka zooplankton. I ka wā o ka spawning, ʻai ka iʻa me ke akahai, ʻaʻole hoʻonui i ka momona, akā e māʻona wale ana i ko lākou makemake mua no ke ola. ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o ka muksun i kēia wā e hele koke i kahi wahi maikaʻi me kahi lalo maʻemaʻe a me kahi kahe wikiwiki no ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana. ʻOiai pono e hana koke ʻia kēia, i mea i ka manawa ma mua o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka hau mua ma nā waihona wai.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Hoʻomaka ka iʻa muksun e hū ke hoʻoheheʻe ka hau i nā kahawai. E hana kope, uhi lākou i kahi mamao o hoʻokahi tausani kilomita i luna. ʻO kahi āpau nui loa e hiki ke lanakila ʻia ma ka waena o ke kauwela wale nō. Ma ka puʻuhonua, ke ʻimi nei ka iʻa i kahi me kahi ʻiliʻili maʻemaʻe a i ʻole ke one a me kahi au ikaika, e nani kēia wahi no muksun. Pau ka wā ʻōnohi i Nowemapa, a hoʻomaka me ka ʻike ʻia o nā ʻili mua o ka hau ma ka ʻili o ka wai.
Hoihoi ia!Ua kū ʻo Muksun i ka hānau keiki ke hāʻule ka mahana o ka wai ma lalo o 4 kekelē Celsius.
Pili ka helu o nā keiki i ka nui o ka iʻa makuahine ponoʻī. Hoʻokahi kahi ʻōpala e "komo" mai 40 a 60 tausani mau hua. I loko o kona ola ʻana, hiki i kekahi wahine wahine ke hana ma kahi o 3-4 mau huakaʻi no ka hānau ʻana, ʻoiai ʻaʻole e iho ka iʻa i ka muliwai i kēlā me kēia makahiki. He lawa ka ikaika o ka wahine e hoʻi i nā wahi i hoʻohiki ʻia, akā no ka ʻōnaehana aʻe e pono ai e loaʻa ka ikaika, hoʻōla, hoʻonui i ka momona.
Ma mua o ʻelima mau mahina e oʻo ai nā hua.... Ma hope o ka oʻo ʻana, ʻolokaʻa ʻia ka hua hānau hou e ka au o ka wai i nā estuaries (tank tank sedimentation) a i ʻole hiki i ka muliwai i lalo. Manaʻo ʻia ka iʻa makua i ka moekolohe ma hope o ka makahiki he ʻumi. Makua wahine ma hope iki. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, manaʻo ʻia ʻo muksun e mākaukau e spawn ke hiki aku i 800 gram. Aia i ka nānā ʻana o ka nāwaliwali nui o nā iʻa i kēia wā i ʻae ʻia e alualu iā ia ma nā wahi a me nā huaʻōlelo i hoʻoponopono ʻia, a hoʻopiʻi ʻia ka lawaiʻa ʻana e ke kānāwai a hiki i ka piha. I ka manawa like, ʻae ʻia nā hihia o ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hana o ka lawaiʻa haʻuki hoʻoilo, ke hopu ʻia ka iʻa a hoʻokuʻu ʻia.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
I ka nahelehele, ʻoi aku ka ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka iʻa muksun ma mua o ke kahakai. Hiki iā ia ke lilo i mea pio o nā mea ʻaihue nui, eia nō naʻe, noʻonoʻo ʻia nā kānaka ke koa nui o kēia lunamakaʻāinana waiwai nui loa. ʻO ia ka lawena paʻa ʻole i loaʻa ka hopena nui loa i ka heluna muksun. ʻAʻole ia no ka mea ʻole, no ka manawa lōʻihi, ua kapa ʻia ka poʻe i noho ma nā wahi kokoke i nā waihona wai i hoʻopiha ʻia me kēia ʻano he muksunniks. No ka mea he mau makahiki, manaʻo ʻia ka hopu ʻana i muksun i kā lākou loaʻa kālā nui.
ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, i kēia manawa ʻaʻole hiki ke hālāwai hou me nā puʻu o nā iʻa iʻa i paʻa i ka papa hau, me ka wikiwiki i haʻalele ʻia e nā mea ʻai holoholona. Hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia a mālama ʻia ka hopu e nā luna lawaiʻa.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
ʻO kēlā waiwai nui o kaʻiʻo muksun i alakaʻi i kāna iʻa i kāohi ʻole ʻia. A ʻo kahi hopena, hoʻomaka ka heluna kanaka e emi wikiwiki, i loko o nā wai kahi i loaʻa mua ai ʻo muksun i ka nui - i kēia manawa he kākaʻikahi loa ka loaʻa.
Hoihoi ia!Ma o kona kūlana, ʻike ʻia ka iʻa ma ke ʻano he ʻano kalepa. Eia nō naʻe, ma ka waha o ka muliwai Ob, ma muli o ka lawaiʻa ʻole ʻole ʻia, hoʻemi ʻia kāna mau helu. Ke piʻi wikiwiki nei ke kūlana i nā mea ʻē aʻe, nā kino wai i nui ka lehulehu ma mua.
Kū palekana ʻole kēia iʻa i ka wā spawning. Ma muli o ka ʻike o ka hapanui o nā poacher i nā ala muksun o ka neʻe, hopu pololei lākou iā ia mai ka kahe lehulehu. No laila, ʻo nā kula hāpai keiki ka mea nāwaliwali loa. No laila, ʻo nā lawelawe lawaiʻa lawaiʻa, i mea e hōʻoki ai i nā mea lawaiʻa lawa ʻole, hele pinepine me nā iʻa i ka wā o kāna huakaʻi huakaʻi kūpono ma ka lōʻihi o ke ala.
Waiwai kālepa
ʻO Muksun, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, he iʻa kū hoʻokahi i ke ʻano o ka haku ʻana o kāna ʻiʻo. He mea ʻono maoli kēia, ʻo ka ʻiʻo, me ka nānā ʻole i kahi o ka lawaiʻa a i ʻole ke kūpikipiki wā lōʻihi, e hoʻomau nei i ka honi ʻana i kahi ʻala ʻokoʻa i nā iʻa ʻē aʻe - e like me ke ʻala o nā kukama hou. ʻAʻole hiki ke lawe ʻia nā waiwai kūpono o kēia lunamakaʻāinana o ka iʻa keʻokeʻo. Ma muli o kēia ke kiʻekiʻe loa o ke koi no kahi huahana iʻa kupaianaha, no ka mea, ke emi nei ka heluna kanaka.
Ma nā pā iʻa, noi lākou no 700 rubles i kēlā me kēia kilogram no ka ʻiʻo o kēia mea ʻono. Ke haʻalele nei i ka halihali i nā wahi mamao o ka Russian Federation. Hiki ke hana i kahi ʻokoʻa wale nō no nā mea maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai - ʻo kēia ʻano mea ʻono ka cont conticated no lākou.
Hoihoi ia!I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ʻaʻole lilo ʻo muksun i mea lawaiʻa wale nō, akā ʻo ka hoʻoulu. Hoʻohana hoʻohana ʻia ia no ka mahi ʻana iʻa iʻa.
Manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻiʻo muksun i nā parasites, ʻo ia ke kumu e koi ʻia ai e ʻai i ka maka.... ʻO ka maʻamau, ke noʻonoʻo nei me ka noʻonoʻo maʻamau, ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻoia i ka palekana o ka ʻiʻo o kēlā me kēia iʻa, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻelele o ka laha kahi mea aloha i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā kapa muliwai. No laila, he mea nui e hoʻokō i kahi mālama wela ma mua o ka hoʻohana. Pono e hoʻolapalapa ʻia ka iʻa, hoʻomoʻa ʻia, kālua ʻia a maloʻo ʻia i kahi mahana wela ma mua o -40 kekelē Kelekia.
E hoihoi pū kekahi:
- Kahawai kahawai
- ʻO Coho
- ʻO ka pōpoki
- Zander
Minamina, ʻaʻohe o kēia hiki i nā pahu hau paʻa. No laila, no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā pā mai nā iʻa hou, pono e kūʻai i nā mea maka wale nō mai nā mea hana bona fide nāna e nānā pono i nā waiwai no ke kū ʻana o ka maʻi parasite.
