ʻO nā ʻohana pili loa o ka mink ʻEulopa nā wea a me nā ferrets. Ma muli o kona huluhulu mehana a nani hoʻi, e hele mai ana i nā ʻano waihoʻoluʻu a me nā aka, mālama nui ʻia i ka laulā ʻulaʻula, noʻonoʻo pono ʻia ia ʻo kekahi o nā holoholona hulu waiwai nui loa. Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻano hihiu, aia nō kekahi mea home, a he nui nā ipo mink e mālama i kēia mau holoholona ʻaʻole ma ke ʻano he kumu hulu, akā ma ke ʻano he holoholona.
Mink wehewehe
He holoholona kikokiko ʻo Mink o ka ʻohana weasel, no ka lāhui o ka wea a me ka hao.... I ka nahelehele, ʻo ia, e like me kekahi o kona ʻohana - ka otter, alakaʻi i kahi ʻano semi-aquatic a, e like me ka otter, loaʻa iā ia nā membrane ʻauʻau ma waena o nā manamana wāwae.
Helehelena
He mammal liʻiliʻi kēia, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka hapalua mika, a ʻaʻole i hiki kona kaumaha i kahi kilokika. He kino elongated ka mink, nā wāwae pōkole a me kahi huelo pokole. Ma ka awelika, ʻo kona lōʻihi mai 28 a 43 cm, a ʻo kona kaumaha mai 550 a 800 gram. Hiki i ka lōʻihi o ka huelo o ka mink ʻEulopa ke aneane 20 cm. Ma muli o ke alakaʻi ʻana o kēia holoholona i kahi nohona semi-aquatic, ʻaʻole pulu kona hulu ʻoiai kahi noho lōʻihi i ka wai. He pōkole ia, ʻeleʻele a paʻa hoʻi, me kahi undercoat waiwai, kahi, e like me ka awn, he wai-hoʻopale. ʻO ka hulu o kēia holoholona huluhulu he mānoanoa a fluffy mau ia: ʻo ka loli o nā kau ʻaneʻane ʻole ka hopena i kona ʻano.
ʻO ke poʻo o ka mink ʻEulopa he mea liʻiliʻi e pili ana i ke kino, me kahi miki liʻiliʻi a palahalaha hoʻi ma luna. Liʻiliʻi loa nā pepeiao poepoe a aneane hiki ʻole ke ʻike ʻia ma lalo o ka hulu mānoanoa a manoanoa hoʻi. Liʻiliʻi nā maka, akā i ka manawa like expressive loa, me ka lawe lima a me ke ola, e like me nā wea ʻē aʻe, ke nānā aku. Ma muli o ke alakaʻi ʻana o ka mink i kahi nohona semi-aquatic, aia nā membrane ʻauʻau ma kona mau wāwae, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomohala ʻia ma nā wāwae o ka holoholona ma mua o ka mua.
Hoihoi ia! ʻOi aku ka nui o ka mink ʻEulopa ma mua o 60 i nā kala huluhulu, e like me keʻokeʻo, bluish a me ka lilac, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā kānaka hihiu o kēia laha. ʻO nā Breeders, e ka hoʻohālikelike me nā aka o nā pōhaku makamae a me nā metala, ua piʻi mai me nā inoa e like me, he laʻana, he sapeiro, topaza, momi, kālā, kila, e wehewehe i nā kala o ka mink home.
ʻOi aku ke kūlohelohe ke kala o ka mink ʻāhiu: hiki i kekahi o nā aka o ka ʻulaʻula, brownish a brownish paha. Loaʻa i loko o ka nohona hihiu a me nā minks o nā brown brown a kokoke i nā aniani ʻeleʻele. I loko o nā minks hihiu a home hoʻi, koe wale nō nā holoholona keʻokeʻo maʻemaʻe, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā māka keʻokeʻo ma ka umauma, ʻōpū a me ka waha o ka holoholona.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka mink ʻEulopa e kāna ʻano lawe lima a me ke ʻano ola. ʻOi aku kēia predator mai ka ʻohana weasel e alakaʻi i kahi nohona mehameha, e noho ana i kekahi wahi e noho ana ma 15-20 hectares. Hoʻoikaika nui ia i ka pouli, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka pō ʻana o ka pō, akā hiki iā ia ke ʻimi i ke ao. ʻOiai ʻo ka mink i manaʻo ʻia he holoholona semi-aquatic, hoʻohana mau ia i ka hapa nui o ka manawa ma kahakai, mai kahi e nānā ai no ka mea hiki ke loaʻa.
I ke kauwela, ke nui nā meaʻai, holo ia ma kahi o hoʻokahi kilomita, akā i ka hoʻoilo, i ka wā o ka nele o ka meaʻai, hiki ke uhi ʻelua mau manawa i ka mamao... I ka manawa like, ʻokiʻoki pinepine ia i kona ala, hoʻopōkole iā ia ma ka luʻu ʻana i ka puka a me ka lanakila ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o ke ala ma lalo o ka wai, a i ʻole ke neʻe ʻana ma nā ʻauwaha i ʻeli ʻia ma lalo o ka hau. He ʻauʻau kai maikaʻi loa ka mink.
I ka wai, lūlū ʻo ia me nā ʻāpā ʻehā i ka manawa like, ʻo ia ke kumu e ʻanoewaewa ʻole ai kona neʻe ʻana: me he mea lā ke neʻe nei ka holoholona i loko o nā jerks. ʻAʻole makaʻu ka mink i kēia au: ʻaʻole ia he mea keʻakeʻa no ia mea, no ka mea ʻaneʻane ʻole, me ke ʻano o ke kahe i nā kahawai wikiwiki, ʻaʻole ia e lawe aku iā ia a ʻaʻole e kīkē i ke ala i manaʻo ʻia e ka holoholona.
Hoihoi ia! ʻAʻole ʻauʻau wale ka mink a luʻu maikaʻi, akā hiki nō hoʻi ke hele wāwae ma lalo o ka waihona wai, e pili ana i ka lepo kaulike ʻole me kona mau māiʻuʻu ma kona mau wāwae.
Akā ʻaʻole ʻo ia e holo a piʻi maikaʻi loa. No laila, ʻo kahi laʻana, kahi weliweli koʻikoʻi wale nō, e like me ka predator e kū koke ana ma kahi kokoke, hiki ke hoʻoikaika i ka mink e piʻi i kahi kumulāʻau. ʻEli ʻo ia i nā lua, a i ʻole noho i nā mea i haʻalele ʻia e nā muskrats a iole wai paha. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻonā i nā māwae a me nā kaumaha i ka lepo, i nā lua i kū ʻole ma luna o ka honua, a i ʻole nā puʻu ʻohe.
I ka manawa like, hoʻohana ka mink i hale paʻa mau ma mua o nā holoholona ʻē aʻe mai ka ʻohana weasel, nona ka inoa i kapa ʻia ai. Pāpaʻu kāna lua, kahi lumi noho, ʻelua puka a me kahi keʻena i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia no ka lua. Ma ke ʻano he kaulike, hoʻokahi puka e alakaʻi ai i ka wai, a lawe ʻia ka lua i loko o nā mānoanoa kahakai. Uhi ʻia ke keʻena nui me ka mauʻu maloʻo, nā lau, ka limu a i ʻole nā hulu manu.
Pehea ka lōʻihi e ola ai kahi mink
Noho nā mink ʻEulopa i ka nahele hihiu no 9-10 mau makahiki, akā he 15 a 18 paha makahiki ke ola o ko lākou poʻe hoahānau, ʻaʻole pōkole loa ia no kahi holoholona holoholona.
Dimorphism moekolohe
E like me nā māmela ʻē aʻe, hōʻike ʻia ka dimorphism moekolohe i ka minks i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. ʻO nā ʻokoʻa o ke kala a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe, koe wale no ka nui, nā hiʻohiʻona kūwaho, i nā lunamakaʻāinana o nā ʻano wahine ʻokoʻa ʻole a, ʻo ka mea paha, pili i nā kumu hoʻoilina.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
I ka wā i hala iho nei, ua noho ka mink ʻEulopa ma kahi ākea ākea mai Finilani a i nā mauna Ural. Mai ka hema, ua palena ʻia e nā mauna Caucasus a me nā Pyrenees ma ka ʻākau o Sepania. Ma ke komohana, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka laulā o kēia ʻano i Palani a me ka ʻaoʻao hikina o Sepania. Akā ma muli o ka lawaiʻa ʻana i nā minks no ka manawa lōʻihi, ua lilo ia i mea nui loa i nā makahiki 150 i hala iho nei, ua ʻike ʻia ua emi iho ko lākou helu, a ʻo ka pae, i kikoo mua ʻia i kahi pālahalaha mau mai ke komohana a i ka hikina, ua hoʻopili i kēlā me kēia mokupuni kahi e noho nei lākou. kēia mau kunyas.
I kēia manawa, noho nā mink ʻEulopa ma ka ʻākau o Sepania, komohana Farani, Romania, Ukraine a me Russia. Eia kekahi, ma ka ʻāina o ko mākou ʻāina, noho ka hapa nui o ka lehulehu ma ka ʻāina o ka moku Vologda, Arkhangelsk a me Tver. Akā ma laila nō, ʻaʻole hiki i ka mink ʻEulopa ke palekana ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i ko lākou wahi noho, ʻike nui ʻia ka mink ʻAmelika - ka mea hoʻokūkū nui a hoʻokūkū hoʻi, e kipaku ʻia ana mai kona wahi maoli.
Noho ka mink ʻEulopa kokoke i nā kino wai, makemake nui i ke koho ʻana i nā kahawai me nā kapa ʻoluʻolu i ulu ʻia me nā mea alder a me nā mea ulu, a me nā muliwai ulu me kahi kahe leʻaleʻa a me nā mea kanu kahakai e like me kona wahi noho, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia e kau i nā kahawai nui a ākea. Akā hiki iā ia ke noho i ke kaʻe steppe, kahi e kau pinepine ai ma kahakai o nā loko, nā loko wai, nā pohō, nā bipi a me nā wahi i kahe ʻia e ka wai. ʻIke ʻia ia hoʻi i nā kuahiwi, kahi e noho ai ia ma nā kahawai wikiwiki o nā mauna me nā panakū uhi ʻia nahele.
Papaʻai mink Europa
He holoholona hele wale ʻo Mink, a he meaʻai holoholona ia e hana nui i kāna papaʻai.... I loko o ka wai, hopu ʻo ia i ka iʻa liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia ka mea nui o ka papa kuhikuhi o ka holoholona. Ma ke kahakai e ʻimi nei ia i nā koʻokoʻo liʻiliʻi, nā rana, nā moʻo liʻiliʻi, a i kekahi manawa - a me nā manu. ʻAʻole ʻo ia e hoʻowahāwahā i ka caviar frog a me nā tadpoles, crayfish, molluscs wai hou a me nā mea kolo. Hiki i nā Minks e noho kokoke ana i nā kauhale ke ʻimi i nā moa, a i ka wā hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo e ʻohi lākou i nā ʻōpala o nā meaʻai ma kahi o ka nohona kanaka.
Hoihoi ia! Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu, makemake kēia holoholona e hoʻonohonoho i nā hale waihona hānai i loko o kona lua a i ʻole nā "pantry" i hoʻomākaukau ʻia. Hoʻopiha a ʻoluʻolu ʻo ia e hoʻopihapiha i kēia mau mālama, no laila ʻaʻole hiki iki i kahi pololi pololi i minks.
ʻAʻole like me nā carnivores he nui i makemake i ka ʻiʻo "me ka pilau", ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka mink ʻEulopa e ʻai i ka meaʻai hou. I kekahi manawa hiki iā ia ke pōloli i kekahi mau lā ma mua, no ka nele o kekahi mea ʻē aʻe, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e ʻai i ka ʻiʻo popopo.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
ʻO ka wā moena i ka mink ʻEulopa e mau ana mai Pepeluali a ʻApelila, ʻoiai ke kaua pinepine ʻana o nā hakakā ma waena o nā kāne, me ka ʻūlū nui ʻana o nā hoa hakakā. Ma muli o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kau moʻo ma mua o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka hau i ka hapanui o ka laulā, ʻike maopopo ʻia nā wahi kahi e ʻike ʻia ai ka mink ma muli o nā alahele i hehi ʻia e nā wahine ma kapa. Ma hope o ka male ʻana, haʻalele nā kāne a me nā wahine i kā lākou ʻāina ponoʻī, a inā lākou e hele mua ma mua o ke kolu aʻe, a laila wale nō.
Kū ka gestation mai 40 a 43 mau lā a pau me nā ʻehā a ʻelima paha mau keiki, ʻoiai, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, aia paha mai ʻelua a ʻehiku paha. Hānau ʻia nā pēpē a makapō a hemahema hoʻi, hānai ka wahine iā lākou me ka waiū a hiki i 10 mau pule. I kēia manawa, hoʻomaka nā minks ʻōpio e alualu me ko lākou makuahine ma ka liʻiliʻi, a ma ka 12 mau pule ua kūʻokoʻa lākou.
Hoihoi ia! ʻOiai ʻo ka pili ʻole o nā mink i ka ʻohana canine, kā lākou mau keiki, a me nā pēpē o nā wīwī ʻē aʻe, i kapa mau ʻia nā pēpē.
A hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lau, noho pū ka ʻohana, a ma hope e hele nā keiki makua i ka ʻimi i nā wahi kūpono iā lākou. Hana ʻia ka moekolohe ma nā mink ma kahi o 10 mau mahina.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe nui o nā mink ʻEulopa he ʻelua: ʻo ka otter a me ko lākou hoahānau, ka mink ʻAmelika, lawe ʻia i ka panalāʻau o Rūkia a kokoke i nā wahi āpau i hoʻomaka e hoʻokaumaha a luku hoʻi i nā "ʻEulopa" liʻiliʻi.
Eia kekahi, ʻo nā maʻi, ʻo nā maʻi parasite nui, nona nā mink ʻAmelika nā halihali a me nā halihali, weliweli pū kekahi no ka mink ʻEulopa. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā Ferrets, nā aeto gula, nā pueo nui a me nā ʻalopeke he mau ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka mink.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
I kēia manawa, manaʻo ʻia ka mink ʻEulopa ma kahi o ka make a helu ʻia i loko o ka Red Book. ʻO nā kumu nui o ka emi ʻana o ka helu o kēia ʻano, e like me ka ʻepekema, ʻo ia:
- Lilo ka nohona ma muli o nā hana a ke kanaka.
- Huntinga.
- E hoʻemi i ka helu o nā crustacea wai hou e komo i ka waihona meaʻai o ka mink.
- Ke hoʻokūkū nei me ka mink ʻAmelika a me nā maʻi ʻaelike e halihali ʻia.
- Hybridization me kahi ferret, e hana pinepine ʻia ma kahi o ka helu o nā mink i haʻahaʻa, no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa i kahi hoa i waena o nā lunamakaʻāinana o kā lākou ʻano ponoʻī. ʻO ka pilikia ʻoiai hiki i nā hybrids wahine ke hoʻohua, nā kāne he keʻa i waena o ka ferret a me ka mink he manuahi, kahi i ka wā lōʻihi e alakaʻi i kahi ʻoi aku ka emi o ka nui o nā ʻano.
- Hoʻonui i ka helu o nā mea kūlohelohe, ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻalopeke.
Ua alakaʻi kēia mau mea āpau i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā mink ʻEulopa, e noho nei i ka nāhelehele, aia ma ka lihi o ka make.... No laila, i ka hapa nui o nā ʻāina kahi e loaʻa mau ai kēia mau holoholona, ke hana ʻia nei nā mea e mālama ai i ka loko wai a hoʻonui i ko lākou heluna kanaka. No kēia mea, me ka nānā mau ʻana i ka helu o nā mink, nā hana e like me ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana o nā wahi noho, ka hana ʻia ʻana o nā lāhui mālama a me nā papahana no ka mālama ʻana i ka genome e mālama ʻia ana, kahi e mālama ʻia ai kahi mau kānaka i hopu ʻia i ka nahelehele a hānai ʻia i ka hihia o ka make hope loa i ko lākou kūlohelohe. wahi noho.
No nā kenekulia, ua mālama ka poʻe i ka mink ʻEulopa wale nō mai ka manaʻo o ka mea kūʻai aku makemake wale i kona huluhulu mehana, mānoanoa a nani hoʻi, ʻoiai e hoʻopoina loa i ka ʻimi ʻana ʻole a me ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā wahi kahi e noho ai kēia mau holoholona i ka nāhelehele, a me ka mea i hana ʻia. ke alakaʻi lohi o ka mink ʻAmelika e alakaʻi i ka emi ʻana o ka heluna kanaka.
Ua ʻike lākou i kēia lohi, i ka manawa mai ka noho nui ma mua o ka mink ʻEulopa aia wale nā mokupuni liʻiliʻi, kahi e loaʻa mau ai kēia mau holoholona. ʻO nā hana pale holoholona i lawe ʻia i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka helu a me ka mālama ʻana i ka loko wai o ka mink ʻEulopa, ʻoiai he mea nui ʻole, ua hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūlana, no laila he manawa kūpono kēia ʻano weasel e ola wale ai, akā e noho hou i kāna mau wahi noho ma mua.
