He manu liʻiliʻi ka pueo i ka hoʻonohonoho o nā pueo. Kona inoa Lākina ʻo ʻO Athene, pili pili loa i ka inoa o ke akua wahine Helene o ke kaua a me ke akamai, ʻo Pallas Athena. ʻO kēia mau manu, me ka nahesa i lilo i mau hoa aloha no ke kaikamahine kaua a Zeus, ua hopu pinepine ʻia e nā mea pena kiʻi a me nā mea kālai kiʻi i nā kiʻi pena a me nā kiʻi kālai. Akā ma ka panalāʻau o Rūsia, ʻaʻole makemake ʻia nā pueo i ka wā ma mua: ua manaʻo ka poʻe he poʻe lawena pilikia a pōʻino a manaʻo ʻia e hui pū me kahi pueo he hōʻailona maikaʻi ʻole.
Hōʻike o nā pueo
Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, mai ʻelua a ʻelima mau ʻano e pili ana i ka genus o nā pueo.... Wahi a ka hoʻohālikelike, ka mea i manaʻo ʻia i kēia manawa ʻoi loa ka pololei, ʻekolu wale nō ʻano i manaʻo ʻia he pueo maoli: Brahmin, brown a me ka lāpaki. A ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka pueo ulu na lākou i kēia manawa i kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa - ʻO Heteroglaux.
Helehelena
ʻAʻole hiki i ka Owl ke kaena i nā nui nui: ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino o kēia mau manu ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o kanakolu kenimika, a ʻaʻole lākou e kaupaona a 200 gram i ke kaupaona. Hiki i ko lākou ʻeheu ke kiʻi ma kahi o 60 knm. Ma waho, he ʻano like me kekahi o nā moa pueo, ʻoiai nā manu makua, ʻoiai he ʻano pueo lākou, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o lākou. Inā he poepoe ko ke poʻo o ka pueo, a laila pālahalaha ke poʻo o ka pueo, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i kahi oval oval e moe ana ma kona ʻaoʻao, ʻoiai ʻaʻole haʻi maikaʻi ʻia kā lākou disc. ʻO kekahi ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka pueo a me ka pueo, ʻaʻohe o lākou hulu ma ke poʻo e like me ke ʻano o ka pepeiao.
Pōkole ka huelo; ke pelu ʻia, nānā pōkole nā ʻeheu hoʻi. He pulu lahilahi ko Owl o nā brownish a me nā one one, i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me nā kiko keʻokeʻo, i kū i ke poʻo keʻokeʻo ma ke poʻo, a hoʻopuehu ʻia ma luna o ke kino i kahi ʻano chaotic e like me nā specks. I ka manawa like, lanakila ka malu o ke aka ma ka ʻōpū, kahi e maopopo ai ke ʻano maopopo ke ʻano o nā kala o ka nui.
ʻEleʻele-ʻeleʻele nā kui, lōʻihi a ʻoiʻoi. Hiki i ka nuku o nā pueo kekahi o nā aka melemele, pinepine me ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo māmā a me ka hina, a ʻoi aku ka pouli o ka nuku ma mua o ka mandible. Mālamalama nā maka o kēia mau manu, me kahi haumāna ʻeleʻele i wehewehe pono ʻia, e kū kūʻē ana i ke kumu o ka plumage brownish. ʻO ke kala o ka maka, kaukaʻi i ka laha, hiki mai ke kukui melemele a i ka ʻōlinolino melemele.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ka helehelena o ka "helehelena" o ka pueo, he ʻūlū, a he prickly a hou ʻia ka nānā. I ka poʻe he nui, ʻo ka helehelena āpau o nā pueo ke ʻano hoʻopailua a ʻoluʻolu ʻole hoʻi ma muli o kāna "physiognomy" a me ke ʻano o ka maka i loko o kēia mau manu e ke kūlohelohe.
ʻO kēia hiʻohiʻona waho o ka pueo ka mea i lilo i kumu no ke ʻano maikaʻi ʻole o ka poʻe iā lākou ma Lūkia. A hiki i kēia manawa, haʻi pinepine ʻia kahi kanaka pouli a pōpō hoʻi: "No ke aha ʻoe e frowning ai e like me ka pueo?"
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
ʻO nā pueo he manu noho me ka nohona pō.... ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki i kekahi o kēia mau manu ke neʻe i kēlā me kēia manawa ma kahi mamao aku, akā i ka hapanui o nā hihia e kau ka pueo i kekahi panalāʻau i hoʻokahi manawa a no nā mea āpau ʻaʻole loa e loli. E like me nā pueo ʻē aʻe, ʻike maka maikaʻi a hoʻolohe hoʻi lākou, kahi mea maʻalahi i ka neʻe ʻana i ka nahele pō a maʻalahi hoʻi ka ʻimi holoholona. Hiki i nā pueo ke lele mālie a akahele hoʻi i ka hiki ʻole i kā lākou mea pio ke nānā pinepine i ka hoʻokokoke ʻana o kahi mea ʻaihue a hiki i ka kekona hope loa, a laila ua hala ka manawa no ka hoʻāʻo e pakele iā lākou ma ka lele.
Hoihoi ia! Ma muli o ka hiki ʻole i kēia mau manu ke hoʻohuli i ko lākou mau maka, i mea e ʻike ai i nā mea e hana nei mai ka ʻaoʻao, pono lākou e huli mau i ko lākou poʻo. A aia i loko o ka pueo, ma muli o ka loaʻa o ka ʻāʻī maʻalahi, hiki iā ia ke huli i 270 kekelē.
Hoʻoikaika nui kēia mau manu i ka pō a me ke kakahiaka, ʻoiai aia kekahi ma waena o nā pueo e hana mau ana i ke ao. Mālama nui lākou a mai ʻae i kahi kanaka e hoʻokokoke iā lākou. Inā kū kēia, a laila hoʻāʻo ka pueo i ka pūʻiwa e hoʻoweliweli i kahi ʻenemi hiki ke hele i kahi ala hoihoi loa: hoʻomaka ʻo ia e lele i kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao a kūlou hoʻomākeʻaka. Ma waho, he ʻano ʻoluʻolu loa kēia ʻano ʻano o ka hulahula, he kakaikahi wale nō ka poʻe i ʻike iā ia.
Inā ʻaʻole hiki i ka pueo, ʻoiai kāna mau hana a pau, ke hoʻoweliweli i ka ʻenemi me kahi hulahula a ʻaʻole ʻo ia i manaʻo e hoʻi i hope, a laila haʻalele ʻo ia i kona wahi a lele haʻahaʻa ma luna o ka honua. Noho kēia mau manu i ko lākou mau lā e hoʻomaha ai i loko o nā lua o ka lāʻau a i ʻole i nā kaha liʻiliʻi ma waena o nā pōhaku. Kūkulu ʻo Owl i nā pūnana iā lākou iho a noho i nā pūnana i haʻalele ʻia e nā manu ʻē aʻe, nā mea ulu lāʻau pinepine. Ma ke ʻano he kānāwai, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻololi iā lākou i ko lākou ola, ʻoiaʻiʻo, inā ʻaʻohe mea i hiki, no laila e haʻalele ka manu i kona wahi noho a kūkulu i kahi pūnana hou.
Ehia mau pueo e ola nei
Lōʻihi kēia mau manu: ʻo ko lākou ola ma kahi o 15 mau makahiki.
Dimorphism moekolohe
I nā pueo, hōʻike maikaʻi ʻole ʻia: ʻaʻole e nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kumukānāwai, a me ke kala o ka plumage, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kāne mai ka wahine. ʻOiai ka nui o nā manu o nā ʻano wahine ʻaneʻane like, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o ka wahine. ʻO ia ke kumu e hiki ai i kekahi manawa ke maopopo ʻo wai o lākou ʻo wai, i kekahi manawa e ke ʻano o nā pueo i ke kaʻina o ka noho aloha a me ka male ʻana.
ʻAno pueo
I kēia manawa, ʻo ka genus o nā pueo maoli he ʻekolu mau ʻano:
- Pueo Brahmin.
- Pueo pueo.
- ʻAoʻao pueo
Eia naʻe, ma mua o ka nui o nā manu ʻē aʻe o kēia genus. Akā ua lilo ka hapa nui o lākou i ka Pleistocene. A ʻo nā mea e like me, ʻo kahi laʻana, pau ka pueo Cretan a me Antiguan i ka make ma hope o ka noho ʻana o ka poʻe ma kēlā mau ʻāpana o ka honua kahi i noho ai kēia mau manu.
Pueo Brahmin
Heʻuʻuku kona nui: ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku i ka 20-21 knm ka lōʻihi, a 120 g ke kaupaona.ʻO ke kala nui o ka plumage he hina-brownish, dilute me nā kiko keʻokeʻo, ʻo ka ʻōpū, ma ke kūʻē, keʻokeʻo me nā wahi liʻiliʻi o ke kala nui. Ma ka ʻāʻī a ma lalo o ke poʻo kahi ʻano like o ke "kola" keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka leo o ka pueo Brahmin e like me ke ʻano o ka ʻalalā ʻana o ka uē ʻana. Noho kēia manu i kahi ākea e uhi ana i ka Hikina Hema a me ʻAkia Hema, a ʻo ʻIrani kekahi.
Pueo pueo
ʻOi aku ka nui ma mua o nā ʻano ma mua: ʻo kona nui ma kahi o 25 cm, a me kona kaumaha - a 170 g. ʻO ke kala o ka plumage nui ʻeleʻele a i ʻole one one me nā hulu keʻokeʻo.
Hoihoi ia! Ua loaʻa kēia inoa o nā pueo i kona inoa no ka mea e noho mau nā lunamakaʻāinana i nā hale i ke keʻena o ka pā a i loko o kahi pā. A ma muli o ka hana maikaʻi o nā pueo hale, mālama pinepine ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he manu hoʻonani.
Noho lākou i kahi ākea, komo pū me Hema a me Central ʻEulopa, ka ʻākau o ka ʻApelika Waena, a me ka hapa nui o ʻAsia (koe wale nō ka ʻĀkau).
Pueo pueo
ʻAʻole like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka genus Athene, hana nui kēia mau pueo ʻaʻole wale i ka pō, akā i ke ao, ʻoiai i ke awakea ka wela makemake lākou e hūnā mai ka lā i nā hale pale. He ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula kā lākou plumage, me kahi ʻano hina hina a ʻike ʻole ʻia o nā kiko keʻokeʻo nui.... ʻO ka umauma a me ka ʻaoʻao luna o ka ʻōpū he ahinahina-ʻeleʻele me nā kaha melemele, a ʻo ka mea i lalo he hoʻokahi kala, keʻokeʻo melemele. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma kahi o 23 knm. Noho kēia mau manu ma ʻAkau ʻĀkau a me ʻAmelika Hema, ka hapanui ma kahi ākea. Koho ʻia nā lua o nā lāpaki a i ʻole nā meheu ʻē aʻe e like me nā pūnaewele pūnana.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
He wahi ākea ko ka pueo. Noho kēia mau manu ma ʻEulopa, ʻAsia, ʻĀkau o ʻApelika, a ma ka Honua Hou hoʻi. I ka manawa like, ʻoluʻolu ʻelua ma nā wahi ākea a ma nā ululāʻau a ma nā wahi mauna hoʻi, nā wao akua a me nā wao akua.
Pueo Brahmin
Noho i Asia Hema, makemake lākou e noho i nā ululāʻau ākea a me nā wahi ākea, ulu nui ʻia me nā nāhelehele. Noho pinepine ia ma kahi o kahi e noho ai ke kanaka: hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma nā kaona o Delhi a i ʻole Kalkuta. Mālama mau ia i nā lua o nā kumulāʻau, akā i ka manawa like hiki ke noho i loko o nā hale a i nā lua i hana ʻia i loko o nā paia, e laʻa me nā wahi i wāwahi ʻia o nā heiau a me nā hale aliʻi kahiko. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole kūpale kēia mau manu i ka noho ʻana i ka pūnana o haʻi, haʻalele ʻia e nā ona, no laila noho pinepine lākou i nā pūnana o nā starling-myne ʻInia.
Pueo hale
Hoʻolahalaha ʻia ma kahi ākea e uhi ana iā Central a me ʻEulopa Hema, ʻaneʻane ʻo ʻAsia a me ʻApelika ʻākau, koho pinepine ʻia nā hale a me nā hale ʻē aʻe i wahi e noho ai. Ma ka hapanui, i ka nahelehele, makemake lākou e noho ma nā wahi ākea, e like me nā wao akua a me nā wao akua. Nā pūnana i nā lua, nā puha puha, nā hōʻiliʻili o nā pōhaku a me nā wahi kūlohelohe like.
Pueo pueo
Kāhea ʻia hoʻi he pueo kope a i ʻole ke ana, noho lākou i ʻAmelika, ma ka ʻĀkau a me ka Hema hoʻi. Makemake lākou e noho ma nā wahi ākea me nā mea kanu haʻahaʻa. Kūkulu ʻia nā pūnana i loko o nā lua o nā lāpaki a me nā meheu nui ʻē aʻe, hoʻomaha lākou a kali i ka wela i ke awakea.
Papaʻai pueo
ʻO ka pueo, e like me nā manu lele ʻē aʻe, pono ke ʻimi holoholona i mea e loaʻa ai ka meaʻai..
Makemake lākou e hana i kēia i nā pālua, a, eia kekahi, hana pū me ka pūʻiwa pū me ke kahaha, i hiki ai iā lākou ke pepehi maʻalahi i nāʻiole hina nui, a no hoʻokahi manu i hoʻoholo e hoʻouka iā lākou he mea weliweli nui ia. ʻO ʻoe wale, ʻimi nā pueo i ka pāʻani ʻino hou ʻole: e ʻōlelo, nā ʻiole vole e noho ana i lalo o ka lua i nā lua.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO kēia mau manu, ka poʻe i lawaiʻa i ka vole i lalo no ka manawa lōʻihi, maʻalahi e ʻike ʻia i ka nānā mua ʻana: ʻo nā hulu ma ko lākou poʻo a me ko lākou kua i luna e kāwili pinepine ʻia, no laila i kekahi mau ʻelele o kēia genus, ma kahi o lākou, nā iwi iwi e like me nā nila.
Ma ka laulaha, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka laha, ʻano ʻokoʻa ka papa kuhikuhi o nā pueo: makemake kekahi o kēia mau manu e ʻimi i nā ʻiole vole, ʻo kekahi e ʻumeʻume i nā nalo lepo i loko o kā lākou pūnana a ʻai pū me ka makemake, a ʻo kekahi poʻe hoʻi e ʻimi i nā arachnids e like me phalanx ... ʻAʻole lākou e hōʻole i nā moʻo, nā rana, nā pēpē, nā ʻano mea kolo like ʻole, nā ʻenuhe honua a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o lākou iho, nā manu.
Ke hilinaʻi nui ʻole nei i ka lono laki, mālama pinepine ka pueo i ka meaʻai no ka lā ua. Ua hele aku ka pueo ʻoi aku ka nui: lawe mai lākou i nā ʻāpana o ka manure mai nā holoholona ʻē aʻe i kā lākou mau lua, a laila e ʻumeʻume ana i nā nalo lepo ma laila, a lākou e makemake ai e ʻai.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Hoʻomaka ka noʻonoʻo ʻo Owls e pili ana i ka hānau hānau i ka hoʻoilo, ma kahi o Pepeluali: ʻo kēia ka manawa a lākou e hoʻomaka ai e nānā no ka wahine. Hoʻāʻo nā kāne e ʻumeʻume i ka manaʻo o nā wahine ma ka ʻuwā ʻana, a inā kūleʻa lākou, a laila hoʻomaka kahi hana no ka hoʻāo ʻana, e pili pū me ka mālama ʻana i ka hoa me ka mea pio, a me ka paʻi ʻana a me ka ʻume ʻana me ka nuku.
Ma hope o kēia, kūkulu nā manu i kahi pūnana a waiho ka wahine i ʻelua a ʻelima mau hua keʻokeʻo. Hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hatch iā lākou koke, ke haʻalele ʻo ia i ka mea mua - e like me nā manu lele āpau. No laila, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha i ka hala ʻana o hoʻokahi mahina, ke hiki mai ka manawa no ka hatching o nā moa, ʻano ʻokoʻa lākou āpau i ka nui a me ka ulu ʻana. No kēia kumu, a hiki i ka manawa ke pani ʻia ka lalo e nā plumage mākua, mai ke keiki holoʻokoʻa, 1-2 mau keiki e ola i nā pueo, ʻoiai ka mālama pono ʻana o nā mākua iā lākou.
Hoihoi ia! ʻOiai hoʻouluulu ka wahine i nā hua, haʻalele iā lākou no kahi manawa pōkole wale nō i hoʻokahi lā i ka lā, mālama ke kāne iā ia a me nā keiki e hiki mai ana: hānai ʻo ia iā ia me kāna mea pio, pani iā ia ma ke ʻano he moa brood i ka wā e hele ʻole ana, a pale aku i kāna ipo wahine a me ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā hua mai nā hoʻāʻo hiki. mai nā mea ʻaihue ʻē aʻe.
Noho nā manu ʻōpio i loko o ka pūnana makua ma kahi o ʻekolu mau pule hou aʻe, e aʻo ana i kēia manawa i nā intricacies o ka ʻimi holoholona a me ke ola kūʻokoʻa. Ua hiki i ka pueo i ke oʻo moekolohe ma kahi o hoʻokahi makahiki, mai kēia manawa hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaka e nānā no kahi pālua na lākou a kūkulu i kahi pūnana no kahi keiki e hiki mai ana.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
No nā pueo e noho kokoke ana i kahi e noho ai nā kānaka, hiki i nā pōpoki kūloko ke hoʻoweliweli i kahi pōpilikia, a ma nā kahawai, nā mōʻī, e noho ana hoʻi ma kahi kokoke i nā kūlanakauhale, hiki ke weliweli. ʻO nā manu lele a me nā manu omnivorous, ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻalalā, i hiki ke hoʻouka i nā pueo e noho ana ma luna o nā lālā lāʻau a kuʻi iā lākou a make me ko lākou nuku, hiki ke weliweli iā lākou. Hoʻoweliweli ʻia nā pūnana pueo e hoʻomoana ana i nā lua hakahaka e nā ʻano moʻohehe he nui, hiki wawe ke kolo i loko o ka pūnana.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ia nā predator vertebrate ka mea hoʻoweliweli nui i ke ola o kēia mau manu, akā nā parasites, ma waho a ma loko hoʻi. ʻO kā lākou infestation i manaʻo ʻia ke kumu nui e luku nui nā pueo me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka manawa e holo ai.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
I kēia manawa, ʻo nā pueo - nā ʻano ʻekolu a pau i pili i ka genus Athene - i waena o nā ʻano makaʻu liʻiliʻi. Nui loa kā lākou holoholona, a nui ka ʻāpana o ka hāʻawi ʻana i mea e noʻonoʻo pono ai i nā pueo e like me nā manu i makaʻu ʻole ʻia me ka luku ʻia i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻO nā pueo i ka nānā mua ke ʻano like me ka pueo a me nā pueo aeto. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o lākou ma mua o lākou. Ma muli o ko lākou waihoʻoluʻu one-ʻeleʻele, he mau haku maoli kā kēia mau manu, no laila ua lohe ka poʻe he nui i nā pueo e uē ana, akā he kakaikahi wale ka poʻe hiki ke kaena i ka ʻike ʻana iā lākou.
ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma ka hapa nui o nā wahi, no ka laʻana, ma Central Russia a me India, ua manaʻo ʻia lākou he poʻe hoʻolaha o nā pōʻino a me nā pōʻino, ma kekahi mau wahi, ʻo kahi laʻana, ma Siberia, ʻo nā pueo, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ua manaʻo ʻia he maikaʻi nā poʻe huakaʻi ʻaʻole e ʻae iā lākou e nalowale. ululāʻau ma nā ala holoholona holoholona a me kā lākou uwē e hōʻike ai i ke kanaka i ke ala kūpono. I kekahi hihia, kēia manu, e noho kokoke ana i kahi e noho ai ke kanaka, kūpono i ka mahalo a me ka nānā nui loa. A ʻaʻole ia no ka mea ʻole i ka makahiki 1992 ʻo ia ka pueo liʻiliʻi i paʻi ʻia ma ke ʻano he kahawai wai ma ka 100 guilder banknote.
