Kupaianaha a waiwai kā mākou Honua i nā ʻano lunamakaʻāinana ʻano ʻē o ka poʻe ola! ʻO Predatory, herbivorous, ʻona a me nā mea ʻino ʻole - ʻo ko mākou mau hoahānau. ʻO ka hana a ke kanaka e mālama i ka honua holoholona me ka mālama, e ʻike a mahalo i kāna mau kānāwai. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, ʻano ʻokoʻa kekahi mau ʻano a noho lākou i ka Honua mai ka wā kahiko! I kēia lā e nānā mākou i kahi holoholona liʻiliʻi wale nō. ʻO Jerboa kona inoa. Ua ʻike ʻia mai ka wā Oligocene (33.9 - 23.03 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei). Hōʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema ua kū mai nā kūpuna o nā jerboas hou i ʻAsia ma kahi o ʻewalu miliona mau makahiki i hala. Mai laila lākou i hoʻolaha ai a hiki i ʻAkau ʻAkau a me ʻEulopa. Akā i ʻEulopa, ua pau ka jerboa.
Hōʻike o ka jerboa
Mamalu liʻiliʻi, like me ka iole. He lunamakaʻāinana lākou no ka ʻāpana o nā rodents... I ke kūlohelohe, aia ma kahi o 50 mau ʻano. ʻO nā mea kaulana loa: ʻApelika, ʻelima mau manamana lima, jerboa nui, marsupial, pepeiao, wāwae wāwae, ʻekahi momona, a me jerbper jumper.
Helehelena
Ma waho, he like nā jerboas me kahi kangaroo a iole paha. Nui ke poʻo e pili ana i ke kino, me ka ʻāʻī kokoke e ʻike ʻole ʻia. Poepoe, hāliʻiliʻi iki ka maka me nā maka pouli nui. ʻAe nā maka nui iā ʻoe e kiʻi i kahi kahe o ka ʻike malamalama. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻo vibrissae nui i kahi pā. ʻO ia ka mea nui e hoʻopā i nā holoholona he nui. Ma ke ʻano he mau pepeiao lōʻihi a poepoe ko lākou, kahi e hāpai ai i ka hana o ka hoʻolilo wela a me ka hoʻokipa ʻana i ka ʻike lohe. Maʻalahi ka lauoho ma nā pepeiao.
Kuhikuhi:
- Ka lōʻihi o ke kino: 4 a 26 cm.
- Ka lōʻihi o ka huelo: 6 a 28 cm.
- Kaona: 10 a 300 gram.
Pokole ke kino. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o nā wāwae hope ma mua o nā mea mua, pono no ka holo ʻeleu. A ʻo ka pōkole, me nā māiʻuʻu elongated ʻoi, hoʻohana ka holoholona i nā forelimbs no ka ʻeli ʻana i nā lua, me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka meaʻai. He mānoanoa a palupalu ka ʻahu. ʻO ke kala mai ke one a i ka brown, ka nui o ka monochromatic. Aia ke kala māmā o ka ʻōpū.
Hoihoi ia! Loaʻa paha i ka huelo o ka jerboa kahi mālama o ka momona e pono ai e mālama i ke kino i ka wā hibernation a i ʻole nā manawa o ka nele i ka meaʻai.
Aia ka huelo ma ka hopena me kahi kākini palahalaha, kahi ʻano o ka hoʻokele ke neʻe aku. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona pākahi o ke kala, ka hanana o nā lālā i hilinaʻi i ka laha a me ka nohona. ʻO kahi laʻana, ke kala, ka nui o ke kino ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa a i ʻole nā ʻāpana pākahi e loli.
Ka nohona a me ka lawena
Holoholona holoholona Jerboa nocturnal... Ke weliweli i kahi nui ma hope o ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā e puka mai ia mai kāna lua i hoʻokahi hola wale nō ma hope. Ke ʻimi nei ʻo ia i ka meaʻai i ka pō holoʻokoʻa, ke piʻi nei i 5 km. A i ke kakahiaka, hoʻokahi hola ma mua o ka puka ʻana o ka lā, hoʻi lākou i ka hale. Mālama pinepine kēia ʻano hōʻoia i nā ola. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau lāhui e ʻeleu a ʻimi i nā meaʻai i ka lā, a i ka wā pō hoʻi hele wikiwiki lākou i ka hale ma lalo o ka honua.
E hoihoi pū kekahi:
- ʻĪlio Prairie
- ʻO Chipmunks
- ʻO ka dormouse Hazel a i ʻole ka musket
- Vole iole
ʻO kekahi ʻano noho ka kauwela. Me nā lumi i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia, uhi ʻia me ka mauʻu. ʻO ka pinepine, hana nā holoholona kūpono i "puka hope" i ko lākou mau keʻena o lalo a, inā he mea hoʻoweliweli, e pakele i loko o ia mea.
I ka hoʻoilo, hibernates ka holoholona, i ʻeono mau mahina. ʻOkoʻa ka lua hā hibernation mai ka lua hohonu "hale". Aia ʻo ia i kahi hohonu loa, a hiki i 2.5 mau mika. Mālama kekahi ʻano i nā mālama meaʻai no ka hoʻoilo, a mālama pono kekahi i loko o lākou iho, ma ke ʻano momona.
Hoihoi ia! He mea kūkulu maoli ʻo Jerboas. Kūkulu kēia mau holoholona liʻiliʻi hana ma mua o hoʻokahi hale no lākou. He mau lua kau wela a hoʻoilo lākou, kū mau a kūmau hoʻi, kahi lua moe a me nā lua no ka hānau ʻana o nā keiki.
Eia kekahi, hiki i kēia mau mea hiki ʻole ke loaʻa nā hale no ka noho mau loa ʻana. Pono i nā hale paʻa kahi puka komo littered me kahi lepo lepo. Lōʻihi i loko, lōʻihi loa kēia ala helehelena kūikawā.
Eia hou, ma ke ʻano he rula, puka mai kahi offhoot, e alakaʻi ana i kahi lumi e uhi ai ka ʻili i ka mauʻu a aia kahi no kahi "moena" ma ke ʻano he kinipōpō huluhulu, limu, hulu - nā mea kūpono āpau i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma ka ʻili. Ke alakaʻi nei kekahi mau neʻe i hoʻopau ʻole ʻia mai luna a i luna. Pono lākou i ka hihia o ka hoʻokahuli pilikia.
Ma waena o nā jerboas, aia kekahi poʻe, ma kahi o ke kūkulu ʻana i ko lākou hale ponoʻī, lawe "ma ka hoʻolimalima" mai nā gophers. Hoʻopili wale ka jerboa i kāna poʻe huakaʻi i ka wā o ka moena. Hiki iā ia ke kapa ʻia he loner. ʻO kēia kahi o nā hoʻolālā i hoʻohana ʻia no ke ola e nā ʻelele like ʻole o ka flora.
Hoʻopili kekahi i ka hui a ola, loaʻa kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻomohala o ke kamaʻilio a me ka pilina me kekahi. A ʻo kekahi, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē, makemake e hoʻomohala pākahi, e hele ana i nā genes o ka mea i hakuloli, wikiwiki, hoʻopailua, akahele a akamai hoʻi i ka hanauna e hiki mai ana. A inā hele a clumsy ke kanaka, lohi a nānā ʻole paha, a laila make ia. Mālama kēia i ke ola o nā lāhui.
Ehia mau jerboas e noho nei
Eia nō naʻe, hoʻopōkole nā maʻi, ka hopena o nā kūlana kūlohelohe a me nā predators i kēia manawa i kekahi manawa. I ka pio ʻana, hoʻonui nui ke ola. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola ma ka nahelehele ʻaʻole ma mua o 3 mau makahiki.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
He aha ka lili o nā holoholona ʻē aʻe i waena o nā jerboas ko lākou prevalence i nā ʻano nohona ʻokoʻa loa. Noho lākou ma kahi o nā ʻāina āpau kahi o nā steppes, nā wao akua a me nā wao akua. Aia kēia mau ʻāina i ʻApelika ʻĀkau i ka hema o Sahara, hema o ʻEulopa, ʻĀkia ʻākau o ka Himalayas.
Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke loaʻa nā jerboas i loko o nā ululāʻau a me nā wahi mauna. Noho kekahi mau mea kōkua i ke kiʻekiʻe o 2 mau mika ma luna o ka ʻilikai. Ma Rūsia, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kekahi mau lunamakaʻā o ka genus: kahi jerboa nui, kahi jerboa liʻiliʻi, kahi jerboa-jumper, kahi jerboa maʻamau, kahi wāwae wāwae huluhulu a ʻelima mau wāwae.
ʻAi ʻa Jerboa
ʻO kaʻai o kēlā me kēia lā no kahi jerboa he 60 gram. Hoʻopili ka meaʻai i nā ʻanoʻano a me nā aʻa o nā mea kanu, a lākou e huki ai ma ka ʻeli ʻana i nā lua.
ʻAi hauʻoli lākou i ka ʻai ʻana i nā ʻōpala. Makemake lākou e ʻahaʻaina i nā huaʻai, nā palaoa, nā mea kanu. ʻAʻole inu ʻo Jerboas i ka wai! Loaʻa nā mākū āpau mai nā mea kanu.
Mea nui! 'Sayslelo nui ka huelo o ka jerboa e pili ana i ke kūlana olakino a me nā meaʻai. Inā pōʻai ia, a laila ʻai maikaʻi ka holoholona a maʻa mau. Lahilahi ka huelo, me ka vertebrae koʻikoʻi, e hōʻike ana i ka luhi.
ʻO ka papaʻai ka hapanui o nā hua a me nā aʻa mea kanu... ʻEʻeli kā lākou mau ʻoka, waiho waiho lua. ʻAi ʻia nā pepeke a me kā lākou larvae. ʻAʻole inu nā holoholona i ka wai. Loaʻa lākou i ka wai mai nā mea kanu. I ka pō, i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā meaʻai, hiki i hoʻokahi koʻokoʻo ke hele wāwae i 10 km ma ke ala o kāna meaʻai.
Pono kahi holoholona i 60 g o nā hānai like ʻole i kēlā me kēia lā. He hopena nui ka hopena o kēia heluna kanaka i ka lepo a me nā lau nahele o nā wao akua, nā wao akua a me nā steppes, a he meaʻai nō ia na nā mea konohiki kūloko. I ka manawa like, hiki i nā holoholona ke hoʻolaha aku i nā maʻi infectious weliweli a hiki i ka maʻi ahulau.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
Nui kāna mau mea. ʻAneʻane kokoke kēia i nā predators kūloko. Lawe lākou i nā jerboas a me nā manu i ko lākou mau māiʻuʻu. ʻAʻole kānalua nā mea kolo e hoʻāʻo iā lākou no ka ʻaina awakea.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Ua hōʻea ʻo Jerboas i ke kūlana moekolohe i ka makahiki 6-7 mau makahiki.... A inā lākou e ola palekana a hiki i kēia wā, a laila hoʻomaka ka puna mua a i ʻole ke kauwela i ka wā hānau. Pili ka lōʻihi o ka hāpai ʻana i nā mea kōkua, akā ma ka awelika ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o hoʻokahi mahina. Hāpai ka wahine i 2-3 mau litters i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Loaʻa i hoʻokahi brood mai 3 a 8 mau pēpē. No ka hānau keiki, hoʻolako nā jerboas i kahi mink kaʻawale. Mai ka hānau ʻana, makapō a ʻōhule nā keiki, ʻano like loa me nā ʻīlio ʻiole.
He mea hoihoi pū kekahi pehea ka maopopo ʻana o ka wahine i "hiki mai ka manawa". ʻAʻohe o kāna uaki a ʻaʻole ʻalemanaka. ʻO ka mea nui paha, hoʻomaka ka ʻōnaehana kūlohelohe mai ka manawa ke hoʻomaka ke kaupaona ʻana o nā pēpē 200-220 gram.
Mālama ka makuahine a pale i nā keiki a hiki i 3 mau mahina. A laila hoʻololi nui kāna ʻano. Ua hele a kolohe. Pēlā e maopopo ai i nā keiki ua hiki mai ka manawa no ke ola kūʻokoʻa.
ʻO ka loli o ke kaupaona a me ka hōʻemi ʻana o kahi e noho ai i ka lua e haʻi i ka makuahine ua hiki i ka manawa e hoʻokuʻu i nā keiki e "ʻauʻau manuahi". Hoʻomaka ʻo ia e hōʻike i ka huhū, nahu, hoʻokuke aku i ka meaʻai.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Ma muli o ka nui o nā subspecies a me ka hōʻike ākea ākea, hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia ma ka laulā ʻaʻole ʻike nā ʻano jerboas i kahi pilikia o ka lehulehu. Ma ka laulaha, kope kope ʻia kēlā me kēia kanaka. Eia nō naʻe, i loko o nā mea kōkua, ʻaʻole maikaʻi nā mea.
Mea nui! ʻO ka marsupial jerboa ʻōiwi i Austalia kahi lālani ʻaneʻane make. Ua iho nui ka heluna kanaka. ʻO kēia wale nō ka lunamakaʻāinana o kāna mau mea lawelawe.
ʻO kēia mau holoholona liʻiliʻi maikaʻi e kūpono i ka nānā a me ka mahalo, e like me kēlā me kēia mea ola ma ka honua. Hiki iā lākou ke kapa ʻia he poʻe kūkulu, no ka mea, e like me kāu e ʻike ai, kūkulu lākou i nā hale ʻokoʻa no nā hana like ʻole. Kū hoʻokahi kēia ʻano i nā holoholona.
