ʻO Skunks (lat. Merhitidae) nā holoholona o ka ʻohana Mammals a me kahi kaʻina maʻamau o nā mea ʻaihue. A hiki i kēia manawa, hāʻawi pinepine ʻia nā skunks i ka ʻohana Cunyi a me ka ʻohana Merhitinae, akā ʻo ka hopena o nā noiʻi mole, ua hiki ke hōʻoia i ka pololei o kā lākou hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kahi ʻohana kaʻawale, a, e like me kekahi mau kumuwaiwai, kokoke loa i ka ʻohana Panda, ʻaʻole ʻo Raccoons.
Hōʻike Skunk
ʻO nā ʻelele āpau o ka ʻoka Predatory a me ka ʻohana Skunk he ʻano ʻokoʻa loa nā ʻano, a he maʻalahi a aneane hiki ʻole ke hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou mai nā holoholona e like me ka helehelena.
Helehelena
Loaʻa i nā skunks a pau i nā kaha keʻokeʻo a i ʻole nā kiko ma ke ʻano ʻeleʻele ʻokoʻa.... ʻO kahi laʻana, he mau kaha keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma ko lākou kua i holo mai ke poʻo a i ka piko o ka huelo. ʻO ia ʻano mālamalama a ʻike ʻia e lawelawe ʻia ma ke ʻano he lono i kapa ʻia, a hiki iā ia ke pale aku i nā hoʻouka hiki ke hiki i nā mea ʻino.
Hoihoi ia! ʻIke ʻia nā skunks (Spilogale) nā lālā liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻohana, nona ka kaumaha o ke kino ma waena o 0.2-1.0 kg. ʻO ka mea nui loa - Punk-snouted skunk (Soneraatus) kaupaona 4.0-4.5 kg.
ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā skunks ke kū ʻana o nā gland anal hohono, kahi e hoʻokuʻu ai i kahi mea caustic i loaʻa kahi ʻona hoʻomau a ʻoluʻolu ʻole hoʻi. Hiki i nā mammal skunk ke pīpī i kahi jet secretory jet a iʻeono mau mika ka mamao... Hoʻohanohano ʻia nā skunks āpau e kahi kumukānāwai ikaika loa, kahi huelo fluffy a me nā lālā pōkole me nā māiʻuʻu a hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia, i kūpono kūpono no ka ʻeli ʻana.
Ka nohona a me ka lawena
ʻIke ʻia nā skunks ma nā ʻano ʻāina like ʻole, e like me nā kula mauʻu a me nā wahi ulu lāʻau, a me nā wahi mauna he nui. Hoʻāʻo ka mammal e hōʻalo i nā wahi ulu lāʻau a i ʻole nā wahi pohopoho. ʻO nā Skunks he holoholona nocturnal a ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma ke ʻano he predators omnivorous. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻeli ʻokoʻa ka holoholona i kahi lua, akā inā pono, noho paha ia i nā lua i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. Maikaʻi loa kekahi mau lālā o ka ʻohana i ka piʻi piʻi lāʻau.
ʻO nā holoholona e noho ana i nā ʻĀkau o ka laulā me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā o ke kau e hoʻomaka e hōʻiliʻili i nā mālama momona. I ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole nui nā skunks i hibernate, akā lilo lākou i mea hana ʻole a haʻalele ʻole i ko lākou mau home e ʻimi nei i ka meaʻai. Hōʻalo nā holoholona i kahi lua paʻa mau, i hoʻohui ʻia i loko o nā hui me ke kāne a me nā wahine i ka manawa hoʻokahi.
Hoihoi ia! Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo Skunkovykh e kahi ʻano ʻala maikaʻi a hoʻomohala i ka lohe, akā ʻaʻole ʻike maka ʻia kahi holoholona, no laila ʻaʻole hiki i ka mammal ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā mea i kahi mamao o ʻekolu mika a ʻoi paha.
I ke kau mahana, makemake ka mammal i ka noho kaʻawale, ʻaʻohe ona kuleana ʻāina a hōʻailona ʻole i nā palena o kāna mau pūnaewele i kekahi ʻano. ʻO kahi wahi hānai maʻamau, ma ke ʻano he kūlana, noho ʻia ma 2-4 km ² no kahi wahine makua, a no nā kāne ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 20 km².
Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola ʻana o nā skunks
Ke hele nei ke ola holoʻokoʻa o kahi skunk i kahi mālie loa, a ʻano palaualelo hoʻi, a me ka nui o ka lōʻihi o ke ola o kēlā mammal me ka loli ʻole e pili ana i nā ʻano laha. Hōʻike ka nānā ʻana i ka nāhelehele, hiki i kahi holoholona ke noho ma kahi o ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau makahiki, a i ka noho pio ʻana hiki iā lākou ke noho i nā makahiki he ʻumi.
Lāʻau Skunk
Hoʻomaopopo wale nā loea i ʻehā mau lā nui a me ʻumikūmālua mau ʻano o nā skunks.
Hōʻike ʻia nā moʻokūʻauhau Pig-ihu e:
- Skunk ʻAmelika Hema (Soneratus сhingа);
- Humboldt Skunk (Soneratus humbоldtii);
- Puka Mekiko Hikina a i ʻole skunk ihu keʻokeʻo (Soneratus leuconotus);
- ʻO kahi skunk striped striped (Сoneratus semistriatus).
Hōʻike ʻia nā skunks striped striped e:
- Skunk Mekiko (Merhitis macrora);
- Pepe kuʻi (Merhitis mehitis).
ʻO ka genus Smelly badgers, i kekahi manawa i hala aku nei i pili i ka ʻohana Cunyi a hoʻonohonoho ʻia i waena o nā skunks, ʻo ia ka:
- Sunda smelly badger (Мydаus jаvаnеnsis);
- Palaki hohono poni (Мydаus mаrсhei).
Hōʻike ʻia nā genus Spotted skunks e:
- ʻIke skunk hema (Spilogale аngustifrons);
- Skunk liʻiliʻi (Spilogale gracilis);
- Spunk skunk (Spilogale putoriu);
- ʻO kahi skunk dwarf (Spilogale pygmaea).
ʻO ka skunk sked kahi holoholona e kaupaona ana ma waena o 1.2-5.3 kg. ʻO kēia laha ka lālā laha loa o ka ʻohana. Hōʻike ʻia ka nohona o nā laha e ka ʻāina o ʻAmelika Hema mai Kanada a i Mekiko, kahi e makemake ai i nā wahi nahele wale nō.
ʻO Skunk Mekiko - He pilina pili loa kēia mammal o ka skunk striped a ʻano like kona me ko waho. Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻokoʻa nui e kahi lole lōʻihi lōʻihi a palupalu hoʻi. Ma kahi o ke poʻo, he lauoho lauoho lōʻihi hoʻi kā ka holoholona, mahalo i loaʻa i ka lāhui ka inoa kumu "Hooded Skunk". Hōʻike ʻia ka nohona e ka panalāʻau o Mekiko a me kekahi mau mokuʻāina hema o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, e like me ʻAlikona a me Texas.
ʻO ka skunk oriental ʻike ʻia ka lālā liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻohana Skunk. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kēia ʻano kona kala. He keʻokeʻo nā haehae haehae keʻokeʻo, kahi e hana ai i ka illusion o ka mottling i haʻi ʻia. Hōʻike ʻia ka nohona e ka panalāʻau o ʻAmelika. ʻO ka skunk ʻAmelika Hema - i ka helehelena a me nā ʻano āpau e like loa ia me kahi skunk striped. Hōʻike ʻia ʻo Habitat e nā ʻāina he nui ma ʻAmelika Hema, e like me Bolivia a me Peru, Paraguay a me Argentina, a ʻo Chile pū kekahi.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Noho nā lunamakaʻāinana he nui o ka ʻohana mammal a me ke kauoha o nā mea ʻaihue i nā ʻāina āpau o ka Honua Hou. Ua hoʻolaha ʻia nā holoholona mai ka genus Striped skunks mai ka panalāʻau o ka hema o Kanada a hiki i Costa Rica, a ʻo ka genus Pig-snouted skunks e noho ana i nā panalāʻau mai nā wahi hema o ʻAmelika a Argentina.
Hiki ke loaʻa nā Skunks ʻike ʻia mai nā ʻāina hema loa o British Columbia a me Pennsylvania a hiki loa i Costa Rica. ʻO nā ʻāpana hohono, helu ʻia ma ke ʻano he skunk, he ʻelua mau ʻano i loaʻa ma waho o ʻAmelika a maʻa mau hoʻi i nā ʻāina moku o Indonesia.
Papaʻai Skunk
He omnivora ʻoiaʻiʻo nā skunks e hānai nei i nā meaʻai holoholona a me nā mea kanu... Alualu nā māmala i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, a hiki i kā lākou mea pio ke lilo i iole, shrews, squirrels, ʻōpio a ulu ʻole nā lāpaki, kekahi mau ʻano iʻa a me nā crustacea, a me nā ʻūhini, nā ʻelala a me nā ʻenuhe. Me ka leʻaleʻa, ʻo ia mau holoholona e ʻai i nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu palaoa, nā mea kanu lau nahele, nā hua a me nā lau, a me nā nati like ʻole. Inā pono, hoʻohana pū ʻia ke kalaiwa no ka meaʻai.
Hoihoi ia! Mālama ʻia nā Skunks e like me ka mālama ʻana o nā holoholona exotic ma kahi o ʻelua mau manawa ma mua o kā lākou mau holoholona hihiu, ma muli o ka hoʻohana ʻana o kahi hānai momona kiʻekiʻe.
I ke kaʻina o ka hopu holoholona pō, hoʻohana nā skunks i ko lākou ʻano o ka honi a me ka hoʻolohe ʻana, a ke loaʻa lākou i ka mea pio i ke ʻano o nā kolo a i nā moʻo, hoʻomaka lākou e ʻeli ikaika i ka lepo a huli i nā lau a i ʻole nā pōhaku me ke kōkua o ko lākou ihu a me nā wāwae. Hāpai nā koʻokoʻo liʻiliʻi i ko lākou mau niho i ka lele ʻana. No ka hemo ʻana i ka ʻili a i ʻole ke kākalaioa mai ka mea pio aku, ʻolokaʻa ka holoholona iā ia ma ka honua. Hāʻawi ka mammal i kahi makemake i ka meli, kahi e ʻai pū ʻia me nā nalo meli a me nā ʻūhā.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
ʻAi nā Skunk omnivores i ka nui o nā nāhelehele a me nā holoholona weliweli, e like me nā mea kolo a me nā meheu. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole pili nā skunks āpau i ka mahele o nā mea nui o ka papaʻai no nā ʻano holoholona ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ke kumu o kahi ʻala ʻoi loa a hoʻopailua hoʻi i hana ʻia e nā glands kūikawā.
ʻAʻole hoʻokipa wale nā Skunks, akā ʻo nā mea lawe pū kekahi o nā parasites weliweli a me nā pathogens, me kahi maʻi e like me histoplasmosis. Eia kekahi, ʻeha pinepine nā holoholona hihiu i ka rabies. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka ʻenemi nui o nā skunks ka poʻe e luku i nā mea mamala ma muli o ko lākou pilau ʻoluʻolu ʻole a me nā hanana hou o nā hoʻouka ʻana i nā moa liʻiliʻi.
Hoihoi ia! Hiki ke hoʻouka ʻia nā skunks ʻōpio ʻōpio a ʻole piha e nā holoholona predatory, e like me nā coyote, ʻalopeke, ʻūlū, lynx Kanada a me nā ʻino, a me nā manu nui loa.
ʻO ka heluna nui o nā skunks o nā makahiki like ʻole e make ma muli o nā ulia pōpilikia a i ʻole ke ʻai ʻana i nā maunu lāʻau ʻona kūikawā.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
ʻO ka wā o ka hānau ʻana o nā skunks e hāʻule ana i ka wā o ka hāʻule, ma kahi o Kepakemapa. Me ka hoʻomaka o ʻOkakopa, kū ka hana sperm i nā kāne. Ua oʻo piha wahine i ka wahine i hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, a ʻo ka wela i loko o ia holoholona e ʻike ʻia wale nō i Kepakemapa. He holoholona polygamous nā skunks, no laila hiki i nā kāne ke hui pū me kekahi mau wahine i ka manawa hoʻokahi, akā ʻaʻole lākou i komo i ka mālama ʻana i nā keiki.
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka wā hānau ʻo 28-31 mau lā. He kū hoʻokahi ka māmela - inā pono, lohi ka wahine i ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka embryo i nā paia, kahi diapause embryonic kūikawā. I kēia hihia, hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ka wā ʻōpū a i ʻelua mau mahina, a ma hope o ka hānau ʻia ʻana mai ʻekolu a ʻumi paha mau keiki e kau ana 22.0-22.5 g. Hānau ʻia nā pēpē makapō a kuli, uhi ʻia me ka ʻili e like me ka velor palu i ka helehelena
Ma hope o ʻelua mau pule, wehe ka maka o nā keiki, a i ka makahiki o hoʻokahi mahina, hiki i nā ʻōpio makua ke lawe i kahi ʻano o ka pale pilikino. Loaʻa i ka holoholona ka hiki ke kī i ka wai ʻaʻala hoʻokahi a me ka hapa mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. Hānai nā wahine i kā lākou mau keiki no ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ʻelua mau mahina, a hoʻololi nā skunks liʻiliʻi i ka hānai kūʻokoʻa ma hope o nā mahina ʻelua. Noho pū ka ʻohana i ka wā hoʻoilo mua, a laila hoʻomaka nā skunks makua e ʻimi ikaika i kahi no ka hibernation kūʻokoʻa.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Ma ka laulaha, ʻo nā lunamakaʻāinana āpau o ka papa Mammals, ka ʻona Carnivorous a me ka ʻohana Skunk he lehulehu loa i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, no laila, i kēia manawa ʻaʻole lākou i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e like me nā ʻano pale.
