Pink salmon (lat. ʻO ia ka liʻiliʻi loa o ka nui a me ka lunamaka'āinana nui loa o nā iʻa e pili ana i ka genus o salmon Pasifika (Oncorhynсhus).
Ka wehewehe ʻana o ka salemona ʻākala
ʻO ka salmon Pink a i ʻole Pink salmon kahi iʻa me kahi hiʻohiʻona i ʻano maʻamau no nā ʻelele āpau o ka papa iʻa ʻo Ray-finned a me ke kauoha Salmoniformes.
Helehelena
Hoʻohanohano ʻia ka salemona ʻalani Oceanic e kahi kua polū a polū-ʻōmaʻomaʻo hoʻi, nā ʻaoʻao kālā a me kahi ʻōpū keʻokeʻo... Ma hope o ka hoʻi ʻana i ka kahua hoʻoulu, hoʻololi ke kala o ia iʻa. Ua hina hina ka salemona ʻālohilohi i ke kala i ka hope, a loaʻa i ka ʻōpū kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha i ʻike maopopo ʻia. Me nā salmonid ʻē aʻe, loaʻa i ka salemona ʻāpala kahi fin adipose ma loko o ka wahi mai ka dorsal a i ka fin caudal.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ke kaulike kaulike o kahi salemona poni makua e pili ana iā 2.2 kg, a ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka iʻa i ʻike nui ʻia o kēia ʻano he 0.76 m me ka nui o 7.0 kg.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa o ka salemona ʻāpala ka waha keʻokeʻo a me ka ʻole o nā niho ma ke alelo, a me ke kū ʻana o nā kiko ʻeleʻele oval ākea ma ke kua a me ka ʻano V e like me ka fin caudal. He fin anal ko ka iʻa, i hōʻike ʻia e nā kukuna palupalu 13-17. I loko o ka manawa o ka neʻe ʻana i ka kahua e hoʻomoʻa ai, hoʻomohala nā kāne o ka salemona ʻāpana i kahi puʻu maopopo a maopopo maopopo hoʻi i ka ʻaoʻao hope, mahalo i ka inoa o nā ʻāpana o kēia ʻano salmon.
Ka hana a me ka nohona
ʻOi aku ka makemake o ka salmon Pink i nā wai anuanu, no laila ʻo nā mea hōʻailona hōʻoluʻolu loa no ka noho ʻana o kēlā iʻa + 10-140MAI. Ke piʻi ka mahana i + 260Mai a ma luna, nui ka make ʻana o ka salemona ʻākala... ʻO nā Lunamakaʻāinana o ke kauoha Salmoniformes e hoʻopili i nā wahi ma kahi o ka mahana o ka wai e hāʻule ʻole ma lalo o 50C. ʻO kēia mau ʻano e hōʻike i ka ʻāpana o ke kai o Kuroshio mehana, aia ma ka hema a me ka hikina o Iapana. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka neʻe ʻana o ka salemona ʻāpana ma mua o, no ka laʻana, i ka salmon chum, a piʻi ʻole nā mākua i ka wai o ka muliwai.
Ehia mau salemona ʻālō e noho nei
ʻO ke ola pōkole loa o nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana salemona, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻekolu mau makahiki, no ka mea ʻo ka salmon a pink i hiki i ka moekolohe a hala nā mahina he iwakālua ma hope o ka holo ʻana i loko o ke kai, a ma hope o ka hānau wale ʻana i ko lākou ola, make nā mākua.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
ʻO ka iʻa Anadromous, kahi o nā ʻelele kaulana loa o ka genus o ka Pakipika salmon (Oncorhynсhus), ua laha loa i nā wai kai o ka Pākīpika a me nā moana Arctic.
Hoihoi ia! I ka waena o ke kenekulia i hala, ua hoʻāʻo ʻia kekahi mau mea e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka salemona ʻāpana i nā wai o ka muliwai ma kahakai ʻo Murmansk, akā ʻaʻohe kūleʻa nui i hoʻokō ʻia i kēia hanana.
Ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, noho nā lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana salemona ma ke Kai Kūʻono Nui ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, kahi i hoʻolauna ʻia ai kahi poʻe liʻiliʻi loa. Ma ʻAsia, nā ʻelele o ka iʻa Ray-finned papa a me ke kauoha Salmoniformes e hāʻawi maikaʻi ʻia iā Honshu.
Kaʻai salemona ʻākala
Ke ulu a ulu a ulu lākou, neʻe nā ʻōpio salemona poni mai ka hānai ʻana i ka plankton a me nā benthos i nā zooplankton nui a me nā ʻano invertebrate wai, a me nā ʻano iʻa liʻiliʻi. Eia naʻe, hāʻawi ʻia ka makemake i:
- larva chironomid;
- larva o nā lūlū a me nā mayflies;
- midges;
- nā copepod liʻiliʻi;
- harpacticides;
- cumaceans;
- amphipods.
ʻO ka nui o nā ʻano crustacea a me nā ʻōpio ulu o kekahi ʻano iʻa e lawelawe i meaʻai na nā mākua o ka salmon ʻākala. Ma ka papa, hiki i nā mākua ke aneane holoʻokoʻa i ka hānai ʻana i nā larvae o nā invertebrates benthic a me nā iʻa.
Hoihoi ia! Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ma mua koke o ka hānau ʻana, kū ka iʻa i ka hānai ʻana, ma muli o ke kū ʻana o nā ʻōnaehana digestive a me ka pāpā ʻana i nā reflexes hānai.
Ma luna o nā wahi hohonu, ʻo ka papaʻai maʻamau ka heʻe, nā larvae, nā ʻōpio a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, e like me nā anchovy luminous a me nā iʻa kālā.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Ma ke kau waena o ke kauwela, hoʻomaka nā lunamaka o nā papa iʻa i hoʻopau ʻia e Ray a me ke kauoha ʻo Salmoniformes e komo ikaika i nā wai o ka muliwai no ka lawaiʻa ʻana, ma ʻAukake. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona āpau o kēlā iʻa i ʻano maʻamau no kēlā me kēia salmonid, no laila, ma mua o ka hoʻolei ʻana i nā hua, kūkulu ka wahine i kahi pūnana ma ke ʻano o ke kaumaha ma lalo. Ma hope o ka hua ʻana o nā hua, hoʻomomona ʻia lākou e nā kāne, a kanu ʻia nā hua, a make ka iʻa makua.
Hoihoi ia! I ke kaʻina hana o ka ʻōwili ʻana i ke kai, make ka nui o nā ʻai a ʻai ʻia e nā iʻa me nā manu.
Loaʻa ka manawa o ka wahine e kahili ma kahi o 800-2400 mau hua... ʻO ka hatch salmon fry hatch i Nowemapa-Kekemapa, a ma ka mua hoʻohana lākou i nā mea i loko o ka ʻeke yolk no kā lākou meaʻai. I loko o nā makahiki he 10 i hala o ka pūnāwai a i ʻole i ka hoʻomaka o ke kauwela, haʻalele ka mea kanu i kā lākou pūnana a hele i ke kai me ke kōkua o ke kahe wai. ʻO ko lākou lōʻihi i kēia manawa he 3 cm, a ʻike ʻia ke kino e kahi kala siliona monochromatic me ka ʻole o nā ʻāpana transversible o nā mākua. Hānai nā ʻōpio i nā ʻano plankton a me nā benthos.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
ʻAi maʻalahi ka caviar salmon Pink i nā nui he nui e nā iʻa he nui, e like me Dolly Varden char, char, a me nā ʻano e like me ka lenok, ka hina a me ka kunja. I ka wā o ka heʻe ʻana i loko o ka wai kai, ʻimi ʻimi ʻia ka fran salmon fry e nā iʻa smelt a me predatory, a me kekahi ʻano o nā ʻāhiu hihiu a me nā ʻōpua. I loko o ka wā o ko lākou noho kai, ʻai ʻiʻo ʻia kahi salmon poni mākua anadromous e kekahi mau ʻiʻo wai, i hōʻike ʻia e nā koholā beluga, nā sila a me nā manō kauʻu. Ma nā kahua hānau, weliweli loa nā bea, nā otters a me nā ʻaeto i nā iʻa mai ka ʻohana salemona.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
ʻO nā ʻelele āpau o ka salemona Pākīpika, he salemona ʻālani ia i ʻike ʻia e ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me ka helu nui, a i waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka iʻa o ka lawaiʻa kalepa hana. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, aia he mau fluctuations kūlohelohe a me nā mea i ʻike ʻia i ka huina o nā salemona ʻāpala, akā ʻo ka makaʻu o ka luku ʻia ʻana o kahi ʻano anadromous maʻamau i loaʻa ʻole kahi ʻano wai hou i kēia manawa.
Waiwai kālepa
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻono o ka ʻiʻo salona Pink a hemolele ia no nā ʻano kuke kuke he nui... ʻO ka caviar waiwai o kēia iʻa ka mea nui ma waena o nā iʻa e pili ana i ka genus Oncorhynсhus.
ʻO ka iʻa salemona ka iʻa ʻoihana koʻikoʻi nui, e noho ana i kahi kūlana i ka hopu ʻana i waena o nā salmon, a ma Kamchatka 80% ka lawaiʻa maʻamau. ʻO nā wahi nui no ka hopu ʻana i ka salemona ʻāwī, ʻo ia nō ka ʻāina komohana o Kamchatka a me nā wahi haʻahaʻa o ka Amur. Lawe ʻia ka lawaiʻa ʻana o nā iʻa kalepa waiwai nui e nā lāina paʻa paʻa, overhanging a me nā ʻupena kahe. ʻO nā mea hopu i nā makahiki he mau hanana fluctuations.
