Hiki i kahi pelekikena maʻamau ke komo haʻaheo i nā poʻo inoa ʻelua - ka mea hanohano a i ka manawa like ʻo ka nui loa o nā mōʻī kanaka ʻole. ʻO kēia kahi sphinx a i ʻole mandrill - kahi ʻelele o ka genus Mandrillus a me ka species Mandrillus sphinx.
Ka wehewehe o ka mandrill
Pili ia i ka ʻohana o nā mōneka a ʻo ia ka pili kokoke loa o ka dril. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻano ʻelua (me nā mea ʻē aʻe) i ka hui baboon.
Helehelena
I kona kūlana kūlohelohe (ma nā lālā ʻehā), hoʻohālikelike kēia ʻīlio nunui i ʻekolu mau holoholona i ka manawa hoʻokahi - kahi puaʻa, kahi ʻīlio a me kahi baboon... Hoʻohui ke poʻo nui i loko o kahi kīʻaha elongated a pololei e like me ka ʻīlio inā ʻaʻole no ka ihu me nā puka ihu e hoʻonui nui ʻia. Hāʻawi kēia kikoʻī i ka mandrill i kahi ʻano puaʻa, i hoʻoikaika ʻia e ka iwi ā lalo kaumaha.
ʻO ka primate he pani, nā maka a puni a me nā pepeiao maʻemaʻe me nā kiki liʻiliʻi. ʻIke ʻia nā niho nui i ka waha hāmama, i waena o nā canine ʻoi loa a lōʻihi hoʻi e kū mai ana, e hoʻomanaʻo ana i nā ʻiʻini hoʻopunipuni. Ke ulu nei ka vibrissae keʻokeʻo a puni nā puka ihu, i kākoʻo ʻia e nā ʻumiʻumi ʻumiʻumi, ʻumiʻumi ʻumiʻumi ʻumiʻumi i nā kāne. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā mea kanu ma ka ʻaoʻao luna o ka waha (a i nā ʻūlili). ʻO ka huelo fluffy akahai o ka mandrill me he mea lā kua ʻia.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ke kāne, e kū ana ma kona mau wāwae hope, e like ia me ka midget 80 cm ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka wahine - 55-57 cm (me ke kaupaona o 12-15 kg). Loaʻa i nā kāne kahi nui i hoʻonani ʻia: mai 36 a 54 kg.
ʻAneʻane like ka mandrill i mua a me nā lālā hope i ka nui. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia ʻano mai nā baboons ʻē aʻe e nā kapuaʻi liʻiliʻi a me nā pāma, a me nā manamana lōʻihi. Uhi puni ʻia nā mōneka me ka lauoho lōʻihi, hoʻopōkole wale nō i nā wāwae a me nā forearms. Pili ke kapa i ke kino a protrudes me ka hedgehog ma luna wale nō o nā kuʻemaka. ʻO ka mea nui o ka waho ka pena kala like ʻole.
Ma kēia mea, ʻike nui ʻia nā genital kāne, pena ʻia i ka polū, ʻulaʻula a me ka poni. Eia kekahi ke kuʻi ʻia nā puka ihu ʻulaʻula a me ke alahaka ihu, i hoʻopili ʻia e nā kaha polū hina hina o ka ʻili i hoʻopaʻa ʻia (ka mea i ʻike nui ʻia a nui i nā kāne). ʻO nā kani polū hina-hina kekahi o ka hope o nā ʻūhā a me kahi o ke kua e pili ana. ʻO ke kumu nui o ka pale o ka hina hina, huli i kukui (i keʻokeʻo) ma ka ʻōpū.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Noho ʻo Mandrills i nā ʻohana nui o 15-30 mau kānaka. ʻO ka maʻamau he ʻohana pili koko kēia - 5-10 mau wahine makua me nā keiki, alakaʻi ʻia e kahi kāne alpha. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo nā mōneka he kau maʻa a ʻaʻole hele i waho o nā palena o kahi kihi a hiki i 40-50 mau mika kūlike. km
Hoihoi ia! ʻO Mandrills nā primata wale nō i ka Honua Kahiko i loaʻa nā ʻili o ka ʻili i hiki ke hana i nā huna ʻala. Hoʻohana nā holoholona i kēia wai e māka i ko lākou mau panalāʻau.
Me ka lako o nā lako, hui like kekahi mau ʻohana i nā kau bipi he 200 a ʻoi paha ke poʻo, e wāwahi ana i ka wā e maloʻo ai ka ʻāina. ʻO ka hui lunamakaʻāinana nui loa o nā mandrill i ʻike ʻia ma ka Pāka Aupuni ʻo Gabon: ua helu ʻia nā biologists he 1.3 tausani mau moʻo i loko. I nā hola o ke ao, ma ke ʻano he rula, i ke kakahiaka, e ʻimi nā holoholona i nā mea e pono ai - nānā pono lākou i ka pūnaewele, nānā i ka mauʻu a hoʻohuli i nā pōhaku. ʻAi ʻia ka mea a lākou e ʻike ai ma luna o ka wahi, a piʻi paha lākou i nā kumulāʻau a pāʻina ʻaina ma laila.
Ma hope o ka māʻona o kā lākou pōloli, hoʻomaka nā mandrills makua i nā kaʻina hana maʻamau (ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka hulu hipa, e ʻimi ana i nā parasite), hoʻomaka nā keiki i nā pāʻani, a ʻike nā kāne ʻo wai o lākou ka koena momona o ka mana i loko o ka pā. He patriarchy paʻakikī kā ka ʻohana, hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia i kahi kekelē kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia ka mana o ke alakaʻi - ua hoʻolohe ʻia ʻo ia e nā kāne haʻahaʻa, nā ʻōpio ulu a me nā wahine āpau.
ʻO nā kuleana o ke poʻo, ʻaʻole ʻo ka waiho wale ʻana i nā ala ʻai hoʻohiki, akā me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hakakā ma waena o ka hui. Kōkua ʻia ʻo ia e ka ʻōhumu nui ʻelua a me ka mimicry expressive, i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻonohonoho i ka ʻohana ma nā piʻi a pale i nā ʻōpio mai nā hana kolohe. ʻAʻole maʻa ke kāne alpha i ke ʻano ʻalemona a hoʻokau i nā kipi i ko lākou wahi i ko lākou hoʻolohe iki, e hoʻohana ana i ka ikaika kino i nā hihia koʻikoʻi. Ke hoʻāʻo nei nā kāne makua e pale aku i ko lākou makuakāne ma mua o ko lākou 4-5 mau makahiki, akā ʻo kā lākou hoʻāʻo e hopu i ka mana a aneane pau ʻole.
Pehea ka lōʻihi e ola ai kahi mandrill
Noho lōʻihi kēia mau primates - a hiki i 40-50 mau makahiki me ka mālama maikaʻi (ʻano liʻiliʻi ma ke ʻano).
Mea nui! I nā ʻano hana, hana pinepine lākou me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, e hāʻawi ana i nā keiki kūpono. Hōʻike nā keiki olakino ke hui ʻia ka mandrill me kahi baboon, dril a me mangabey.
ʻO kahi ʻokoʻa ka moena o ka mandrill a me ka moʻo, no ka hopena o ka hānau ʻana o nā mōʻī nāwaliwali a unviable hoʻi.... He kūleʻa mau ʻo Mandrills (ma muli o kā lākou kala ānuenue) me nā poʻe kipa i nā māla zoological a puni ka honua.
Hoʻokahi ʻohana mandrill, i hōʻea mai ʻEulopa, i kēia manawa e noho nei ma ka Zoo ʻo Moscow. Noho ʻia kahi kāne, mau wahine a me kā lāua mau keiki i loko o nā pā ʻelua. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka noho ʻana o nā primates ma ka zoo ua hala ma mua o 10 mau makahiki.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Noho ʻo Mandrills ma ʻApelika Komohana, ʻo Gabon, Cameroon Hema a me Kongo. Makemake nā holoholona i nā ululaau ua (kula mua a me ke kula kiʻekiʻe), e noho ana i kekahi mau manawa i nā papa pōhaku. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o Mandrill i ka savannah.
ʻAi ʻaukana Mandrill
ʻOiai ke ʻano omnivorous o nā primates, predominates ka mea kanu i kā lākou papaʻai, a hiki i ka 92% o nā meaʻai i hoʻopau ʻia. Aia ka papa kuhikuhi mandrill ma luna o nā mea kanu he 110 me nā ʻāpana ʻai e like me:
- huaʻai;
- lau;
- na anoano;
- nā nati;
- koʻokoʻo;
- ʻili.
Loaʻa iā Mandrill forage ma ka honua a ma nā lāʻau hoʻi, me ka ʻiliʻili ʻana i ka hua me ka ʻili a me nā lau.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO Mandrills (me ka hoʻohui i kā lākou meaʻai ponoʻī i loaʻa) mai hoʻowahāwahā i nā koena o nā ʻahaʻaina a nā mōʻī ʻē aʻe, e laʻa me nā mōneka. ʻO ka mea hope loa i kahi meaʻai māmā i nā lāʻau, a lele nā ʻāpana hapalua i lalo, ʻo ia ka mea a nā mandrill e hoʻohana ai.
Mai kēlā manawa kēia manawa, waiwai ka ʻai me ka protein holoholona, i "hoʻolako" iā lākou me nā ʻano holoholona like ʻole:
- na naonao;
- nalo;
- ʻūhini;
- nahenahe;
- moʻo huelo ʻawa;
- nā koʻekoʻe liʻiliʻi;
- rana;
- moa a me nā hua manu.
I nā makemake gastronomic, ʻaʻole ʻae like ka mandrill me ka baboon, ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, akā ke ʻimi nei i nā iʻa nui (e laʻa me nā antelope ʻōpio). ʻO ka manawa pinepine, ʻākoakoa kekahi mau ʻohana i ka manawa like ma nā kipi me kahi kumu ʻai nui. I ka pio ʻana, hoʻololi iki ka papa kuhikuhi mandrill... No laila, ma ka Zoo o Moscow, hānai ʻia nā moʻo ʻekolu mau manawa i ka lā, e lawelawe ana i nā huaʻai a me nā mea puhi no ka ʻaina kakahiaka, nā cereala, nā hua maloʻo, nā nati a me nā tī liʻiliʻi no ka ʻaina awakea, a me nā meaʻai, nā mea kanu a me nā hua manu no ka ʻaina awakea
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Kūlike ke kau moʻo me kahi maloʻo e mau ana mai Iulai a ʻOkakopa. I loko o kēia mau mahina, uhi ikaika ke alakaʻi i nā wahine wahine moekolohe a pau, ʻaʻole e ʻae i kekahi o lākou e pili aloha ma ka ʻaoʻao.
He mau wahine "punahele" kā ke kāne alpha, a ʻo nā mea ʻāpiki loa iā ia. ʻAʻole ia he mea e pīhoihoi ai nā keiki āpau a nā wahine e lawe mai ai nā hoʻoilina pololei o ke alakaʻi. ʻO ka mākaukau o ka mōneka no ka moekolohe e hōʻailona ʻia e ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "ʻili genital" e waiho ana i ka wahi anogenital. I ka mandrill makua, ʻike ʻia ka waihoʻoluʻu ikaika loa i ka wā hānau.
Mea nui! I ka wahine, kahi pae o ka estrus e hoʻopili i ka wahi a me ka ʻōlinolino o ka "ʻili moekolohe" (ka mea e hoʻololi i ke kala ma lalo o ka dictation o ka sex hormones). Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka momona i nā wahine ma mua o 39 mau mahina, i nā kāne ma hope iki.
He 8 mau mahina o ka hali ʻana, a ma hope o ka hānau ʻia ʻana o hoʻokahi cub. Hana nui ʻia ka hānau hānau ʻana mai Kēkēmapa a ʻApelila, ʻo ka wā i manaʻo ʻia he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no ka hānai ʻana. Ke pau ka hānau keiki ʻana, honi mālie ka makuahine i ke keiki, pili i ka piko. I kekahi mau pule ma hope mai, ua noho mua ka mōneka liʻiliʻi ma ke kua o ka makuahine, pili paʻa i kona huluhulu.
Kūʻokoʻa ke keiki ma kahi o ke kolu o ka makahiki o kona ola, me ka poina ʻole, akā hoʻi, e hoʻi i ka makua no kahi hoʻomaha o ka pō i kēlā me kēia lā. Ma ke oʻo ʻana, ua māhelehele ʻia nā ʻōpio: haʻalele nā kāne makua i ka hui, a noho mau nā wahine i ka ʻohana, hoʻopiha hou i ka harem.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
Ma muli o ka hiʻohiʻona hoʻoweliweli o nā kāne a me ka hiki ke piʻi paʻakikī i nā kumulāʻau, ʻaʻohe ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā mandrill... ʻO ka hoʻoweliweli nui loa mai nā leopadi wikiwiki a me ke aloha ʻole, ka mea maʻalahi maʻalahi i nā mōneka ʻōpio a maʻi hoʻi.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
ʻO kahi hoʻoweliweli maoli o ka luku e waiho ma luna o nā mandrills. Me kēlā ʻano māka, ua komo ka lāhui i loko o ka Appendix I, ua kuhikuhi ʻia i ka Convention on International Trade in Species of Wild Fauna a me Flora.
Mea nui! ʻO ke kumu nui o ka emi ʻana o ka helu o nā holoholona i manaʻo ʻia he luku ʻia o ko lākou wahi noho kuʻuna. Hoʻohui, ʻimi kekahi mau ʻohana ʻApelika i nā mōneka ma ka ʻoki ʻana i ko lākou kupapaʻu no ke kuke ʻana.
ʻO ka unceremoniousness o nā primates, ka mea e hōʻino mau i nā māla mahiʻai a me nā māla o ke kauhale, e hoʻohui i ka haunaele i ka pilina. ʻAʻole hiki i nā kamaʻāina ke paio mau i nā mōʻī haʻaheo a ikaika hoʻi, e makemake ana e lilo i ka hapa o ka ʻohi ma mua o ka hakakā me lākou... Hoʻoulu ka manaʻo o Primates i ka poʻe kūloko i mea noʻonoʻo: Hōʻike pinepine ʻia nā alo ʻApelika me ka pena ʻana i nā kala like ʻole ma ka maka o ka mandrill.
