ʻO ka holoholona me ka inoa hoʻomākeʻaka "māla dormouse" he mau hoanoho me mākou no nā makahiki, akā ma muli o ke ʻano o ke ʻano o ka pō ʻana, ʻaʻole hiki iki. A ʻo kēia no ka mea ʻoi loa - ʻaʻole paha e hoʻomaikaʻi aku kekahi kamaʻāina o ke kauwela i kahi koʻokoʻo no ka luku ʻana i kāna ʻohi. ʻIke pū ʻia kēia mea ʻino nani e hāpai ana i ka encephalitis tick-bear.
Hōʻike o ka dormouse māla
ʻIke ʻo ia e like me ka ʻiole nani, nāna i hoʻololi i kona kapa ʻāhinahina i kahi leo ʻelua (ma lalo - keʻokeʻo, ma luna - hina-ʻeleʻele) a e hoʻomālamalama mānoanoa i kona mau maka me ka ʻaʻano ʻume uahi momi. ʻO kekahi kikoʻī e hoʻokaʻawale ai i kahi dormouse mai kahi vole kahi huelo tricolor fluffy.
Helehelena
I loko o ka ʻohana ʻōiwi o ka dormice, nona nā ʻano he 28, manaʻo ʻia ka dormouse kīhāpai kekahi o nā mea nani loa... He paʻakikī ke pale aku i ka leʻaleʻa o kēia helehelena nani me nā maka ʻōlinilohi, nā pepeiao pepeiao a me ka vibrissae lōʻihi lōʻihi.
Ulu ka dormouse māla i 11-16 knm me ka nui o 60-140 g a me ka huelo o 9 a 14 cm. ʻO kona mau mua me nā manamana ʻehā he mea pōkole loa ia ma mua o nā hope, a he ʻikiʻī a hoʻolōʻihi nā wāwae o hope. Pau nā wāwae mua i nā manamana wāwae ʻehā i hoʻomohala ʻia, kahi o ke kolu a me ka hā o ka lōʻihi o ka mua a me ka lua. Ma nā wāwae wāwae, kū wale ka manamana ʻehā i ka nui.
ʻO ka rodent he 4 mau hui o nā mammary glands a me nā lauoho pokole me kahi kala like ʻole: ma ka hope, hele ia mai ka hina-brown a i ka brown brown, ma ka ʻōpū hiki ke keʻokeʻo a i ʻole ka kirimalu. Uhi piha ka lauoho i ka huelo, hoʻolōʻihi ʻoiai e hoʻokokoke i ka piko, kahi e lilo i palaki ākea ākea.
ʻO ka dormouse māla, e noho ana ma nā wahi hema o ka pae, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ke kala ma mua o ko lākou ʻohana ʻākau, a ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka nui i ka nui.
Auila
Kau palena ʻia ka hana Rodent i 4.5 mau mahina o ka makahiki a hāʻule i ke kau mahana. Hoʻonā ʻia ke ʻano ala ala hoʻonui i ka ahiahi a me ka pō, ke ʻimi nei ka dormouse i ka ʻāina no ka ʻimi ʻana i nā meaʻai kūpono. Piʻi ka holoholona nimble i nā kumulāʻau a holo like i ka honua me ka maikaʻi, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole i loaʻa pinepine kāna mau ala.
Hoihoi ia! E like me nā hiamoe āpau, neʻe ka neʻe o ka māla i nā lele (gallop), i kekahi manawa ke neʻe nei i kahi ʻanuʻu. Me ka hana ʻelua o ka neʻe ʻana, ʻanuʻu hapa ʻia nā wāwae hope ma ke ala mai mua.
ʻOi aku ka dormouse māla i ka mehameha, pili wale i kekahi manawa i kāna ʻano ponoʻī i ka wā hoʻoilo lōʻihi. Kūkulu ʻia nā pūnana i nā hale pale kūpono a ʻoi aku paha, e laʻa me:
- i nā lua o nā kumulāʻau, deciduous (ʻoka, linden a me aspen);
- i loko o nā ʻōiwi kahiko;
- malalo o nā pahu i hoʻolei ʻia;
- i nā lua lalo;
- i nā hale manu;
- i nā pūnana hana.
ʻO nā pūnana kahiko o kahi jay, murie a thrush paha i lilo i kapili no ka hale hiamoe.... Hoʻopili ke koʻokoʻo iā lākou me nā lālā hou, e hoʻopuni ana i ke ʻano o ka pūnana a hoʻolako i ka puka i kāna ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo ua noho kahi hale moe kīhāpai ma kahi pūnana / hale manu e kahi ʻala kikoʻī, ke kū ʻana o ka lepo ma lalo / kaupaku a me nā koena o kahi ʻano meaʻai (nā ʻili, nā hulu, nā hulu manu a me nā chitin insect).
Moehue
ʻO nā hiamoe "ʻākau" wale nō e hāʻule maoli i loko o ia: i ka hema o ka laulā, intermittent a pōkole ka hibernation. ʻIke ʻia nā rodent hope loa i ka hopena o Kepakemapa: i kēia manawa ke momona momona nei lākou, 2-3 manawa ke kaumaha. Hana nā mea hiamoe me ka ʻole o ka hoʻoilo, akā i kekahi manawa huki lākou i nā ʻāpana kaʻawale i loko o kā lākou lua.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO ka hoʻoilo o ka hui ka mea maʻamau no nā ʻōpio ʻōpio, ke kolo pinepine nei i nā wahi pāpaʻu pāpaʻu, kahi e hau ai ka dormouse a lilo i pio no nā ʻīlio a me nā ʻalopeke.
ʻO ke kuleana o ka hale hoʻoilo e pāʻani pinepine ʻia e:
- nā lua o nā koʻokoʻo ʻē aʻe;
- nā lua ma lalo o nā pōhaku / aʻa;
- nalo meli;
- pupu pala;
- nā hale kūkā a me nā attics;
- na halepapaa a me na waihona manu.
I ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā keʻena, kūkulu ʻo dormouse i kahi pōpō (ʻaneʻane 20 cm ke anawaena), e uhi ana iā ia me nā lau / hulu hipa mai waho, a e kau ana me nā limu, ka mauʻu, nā hulu a me nā lālā liʻiliʻi mai loko.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Ua koho ka dormouse māla i nā ululāʻau ma nā mauna waena a ma nā pāpū o ʻApelika ʻĀkau, ʻEulopa a me ke Kaiwaenahonua insular.
I ko mākou ʻāina, loaʻa ia i kona mau komohana, e mālama ana i ka hikina a me ka ʻākau. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Sonya ma nā moku ʻo Leningrad, Novgorod, Pskov, ma nā ʻĀkau Hema a ma ka ʻāpana ʻo Lower Kama.
Makemake i nā ululāʻau ākea a me ka huikau, kahi e ulu ai ka lāʻau ʻoka, hazel, manu manu, maple, linden, lehu mauna a me nā ʻīlio... Koho pinepine i nā wahi kokoke i kahi kanaka - ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, nā māla, nā lihi ulu lāʻau a me nā hale kahiko kokoke i ka ululāʻau.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
Hao ʻia ka hale dormouse e:
- pueo (pepeiao pepeiao lōʻihi, pueo a me ka mākā);
- ʻīlio a me nā pōpoki;
- nā pueo a me nā pueo aeto;
- marten (marten, polecat a me ermine);
- ʻalopeke
I ka paio no kahi kahua meaʻai, ua nalowale ka dormouse i kā lākou mea hoʻokūkū mau - nāʻiole hina.
Meaʻai, dormouse māla meaʻai
ʻO kēia koʻokoʻo, ma muli o kona omnivorousness, ʻaʻole e make i ka pōloli, no ka mea, hoʻololi maʻalahi ia mai nā mea kanu i nā meaʻai holoholona, makemake i ka hope.
Māluhiluhi ʻole ka māla dormouse i ka lepo i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai, e ʻohiʻohi ana i nā hua hazel a me nā beech, nā acorn, nā elm, nā linden a me nā ʻanoʻano coniferous. I nā hale kau wela, ʻai ia i nā pears, nā cherry, nā ʻāpala, nā hua waina, nā peach a ʻaʻole ʻai iki (ʻano ʻē me nā dormouse ʻē aʻe) nā lau.
ʻOhi i nā invertebrates, me nā mea kolo, mai ka papahele o ka nahele... ʻIke ʻo Orthoptera mai ke poʻo, akā ʻaʻole ʻai i nā ʻeheu a me nā wāwae. Hānai ʻo ia i nā mollusks ma ka hana ʻana i puka ma ka pūpū. Inu i nā mea o nā hua manu i ke ala like. ʻAʻole makaʻu e hoʻouka i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi a me nā manu.
Hoihoi ia! Hoʻoemi ka dormouse māla i ka helu o nā manu liʻiliʻi. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka pōʻino nui loa i kēlā poʻe o lākou e pūnana i nā lua. ʻIke ʻia i loko o kahi hollow, hiki iā ia ke hana maʻalahi me ka starling o ke kaupaona like.
Ke komo nei i loko o ka nohona kanaka, hōʻino ke koʻokoʻo i ka meaʻai - nā hua maloʻo, nā hua, nā palaoa a me nā iʻa maloʻo.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
Ua ala aʻe mai ka hibernation, hoʻomaka nā moho hiamoe e hana kope, hoʻopoina e pili ana i ka hoʻomaha o ke ao. Holo nui nā holoholona i ka waiho ʻana i nā māka ma nā ʻaʻa, nā aʻa a me nā pōhaku. Hoʻonui ʻia ka hana hou ʻana mai Mei a ʻOkakopa: i kēia manawa, lawe mai ka wahine i hoʻokahi ʻōpala, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ʻelua.
Kāhea aku kahi wahine mākua i ke kāne me kahi ʻāwī... Pane nā mea hakakā me kahi kani e like me ka wai paila i loko o ka ipuhao, me ka hoʻopoina ʻole e hoʻokuke a nahu i nā hoa paio. Hoʻokumu ʻia nā pālua no kekahi mau lā, a ma hope e hōʻike a haʻalele paha ka hoa i ke kāne, e haʻalele ana i ka hale iā ia iho.
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hānau ʻana ma mua o hoʻokahi mahina (22-28 lā) a hoʻopau me ke ʻano o 2-7 makapō, ʻōlohelohe a me nā pēpē kuli, ka mea i ʻike i ko lākou mau maka i ka hopena o ka pule ʻekolu. I ka makahiki o hoʻokahi mahina, ua hānai lākou iā lākou iho a auwana i kahi faila ma hope o ko lākou makuahine, e pili ana i kona huluhulu a me kekahi i kekahi.
2 mau mahina ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, haʻalele ka makuahine i nā keiki, e noho pū nei no kekahi manawa. Ma hope o ka hoʻoilo mua, ua mākaukau ka dormouse ʻōpio e lilo i mau mākua iā lākou iho. Kuhi ʻia ke ola o kahi koʻokoʻo ma kahi o 5 mau makahiki.
Ke mālama nei i kahi moe kīhāpai ma ka home
Pono kēia koʻokoʻo i kahi pā ākea (ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe loa, akā ākea) me kahi snag, kahi ʻāpana o kahi pahu hollow, nā lālā nui a me kahi huila holo. Hoʻomoe ʻia ʻo Moss a me turf ma lalo, kahi hale manu (ʻoi aku ʻelua) me kahi uhi hoʻoneʻe e kau ʻia ma ka paia.
Mea nui! ʻO ka lua o ka hale manu e hana ma ke ʻano he wahi hoʻoili, ʻoiai ka mea mua e hoʻomaʻemaʻe maʻamau me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā ia mai ka lepo, nā koena o nā meaʻai a me nā ʻōpala ʻē aʻe. A hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine ʻia nā hale manu ma muli o ka hōʻino o ka dormouse i ka meaʻai holoholona, kahi e pala koke.
ʻO Dormouse i ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana nā:
- nā hua a me nā hua (me ka maloʻo);
- nā nati a me nā lū pua lā;
- nā melon (ka wai, melon a me ka paukena);
- nā mea ulu hihiu, ka ʻili a me nā ʻōpuʻu;
- pua uha, lehu mauna a me viburnum;
- ʻoka a me nā ʻalekiko;
- palaoa ʻaʻano a me nā pupae butterfly;
- nā hua, ka waiū a me kaʻiʻo maka.
Ma nā mahana mai 0 a 5 kekelē, hibernate nā holoholona home... No ka hana ʻana i kēia, pono lākou i kahi pahu kaʻawale, ma ka lalo o nā kapa ʻino, mauʻu a me nā lau maloʻo. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kau i nā hua a me nā hua hua ma kahi kokoke.
Noho kūlana o kēia ʻano
I loko o nā makahiki he ʻelua a ʻekolu paha i hala, ua emi nui ka helu o kēia mau koʻokoʻo (ʻo ia hoʻi ma nā ʻāpana komohana o ka pae, a ma kekahi mau wahi ua nalowale loa ka hale moe. Hoʻomaopopo kēia i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o nā laha ma ke ʻano he palupalu ma ka IUCN Red List. Eia naʻe, ma hope ua kau ʻia nā holoholona i ka mahele ʻoi aku ka makaʻu, koho ʻia e "kokoke i nāwaliwali", e noʻonoʻo ana i ka nele o nā helu kikoʻī i ka emi ʻana o ka lehulehu.
