Ke kāhea nei i ka hummingbird ʻo ka manu liʻiliʻi loa ma ka honua ʻaʻole pololei loa: hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano mai ka ʻohana nui o ka inoa like e hiki ke hali i kēia poʻo inoa. Mālamalama ia e like me ka hulu ostrich a like me ka bumblebee nui Mellisuga helenae a i ʻole ka hummingbird pi.
ʻIke, wehewehe o ka manu hummingbird
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke kaʻina o nā hummingbirds e hoʻokahi, akā nui a ʻokoʻa nā ʻohana hummingbird, i ʻike ʻia e nā ornithologists ma lalo o ka inoa Lākina ʻo Trochilidae.
ʻO nā Hummingbirds he ʻano like me nā manu passerine: he puʻupuʻu like ko lākou, nā ʻēheu lōʻihi, a me kahi poʻo waena.... ʻO kēia kahi e pau ai ka like - ʻaʻole hiki i nā passerines ke kaena i kekahi "assortment" nunui o nā nuku, a i ʻole ke kala nani o nā hulu i hāʻawi ʻia i nā hummingbirds.
ʻO nā kāne (e kūʻē i ka hope o nā wahine) i kahi hiʻohiʻona leʻaleʻa ma muli o ke kala huali a me nā hulu paʻakikī ma ke poʻo a me ka huelo, e lawe pinepine nei i nā ʻano o nā puʻupuʻu a i ʻole nā piko. Hiki i ka nuku ke kū pololei a i ʻole ke aniani i luna / i lalo, lōʻihi loa (hapalua o ke kino) a akahai paha.
Hoihoi ia!ʻO ka mea kū i ka nuku ka hapa o luna e hoʻopili ana i kona ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa, a me ka ʻole o ka hulu ma ke kumu a me kahi alelo lōʻihi e hoʻonui ana ma mua o ka waha.
Ma muli o ko lākou mau wāwae pōkole nāwaliwali, ʻaʻole lele nā hummingbirds i ka honua, akā hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopili i nā lālā a noho ma laila. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kūmākena nā manu no nā lālā nāwaliwali, e hāʻawi ana i ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola i nā aeronautics.
Plumage a me nā ʻeheu
ʻO ka ʻēheu o kahi hummingbird e like me ka ʻēheu o ka butterfly: ʻo nā iwi i loko o ia mea e ulu pū a lilo ka ʻilikai e hoʻohuli ana i hoʻokahi mokulele, a hoʻonui nui ʻia. ʻO ke kaohi ʻana i kēlā peʻa e pono ai i ka neʻe kūikawā ʻana o ka ami o ka poʻohiwi a me ka nui o nā mākua lele: i nā hummingbirds, helu lākou no 25-30% o ka nui o ke kaupaona.
ʻO ka huelo, ʻoiai nā ʻano o nā ʻano, he ʻaneʻane o nā ʻano āpau o 10 hulu. ʻO kahi ʻokoʻa ka hummingbird i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka huila, nona ka huelo he 4 mau hulu huelo.
Ma muli o ka ʻōlinolino, ka ʻokoʻa a me ka sheen metallic o ka plumage, kapa ʻia nā hummingbirds he mau mea hulu. ʻO ka hōʻaiʻē nui loa no ka inoa malimali no ka waiwai kupaianaha o nā hulu: hoʻopili lākou i ka mālamalama e like me ke kihi o ka nānā.
Mai kekahi kihi, e like paha ka emum me ka emerald, akā ke hoʻololi iki ka manu i kona kūlana, huli koke ke kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ʻulaʻula.
ʻAno Hummingbird
Ma waena o 330 mau ʻano i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia aia nā manu liʻiliʻi a me nā manu "paʻa".
Manaʻo ʻia ka nui loa ʻo Patagona gigas, kahi hummingbird nunui e noho ana ma nā wahi he nui o ʻAmelika Hema, lele pinepine i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 4-5 tausani mau mika. He kolo pololei kona, elongated, kahi huelo e like me ka fork a me kahi lōʻihi hoʻopaʻa no kahi hummingbird - 21.6 cm.
ʻO ka mea liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻohana, ʻo ka bee hummingbird, noho wale ma Cuba... I ka plumage luna o nā kāne, noho aliʻi ka polū, i nā wahine - ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻAʻole ulu ka manu makua ma mua o 5.7 cm a kaupaona 1.6 g.
ʻO ka hummingbird i hāʻawi ʻia e ka ʻaeto, e noho ana ma Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador a me Peru, ua kaulana ia no ka nuku o kona nuku i lalo (ʻaneʻane 90 °).
Hoihoi ia!Ua kaulana ʻo Selasphorus rufus, ʻocher hummingbird, a i ʻike ʻia he selasphorus ʻulaʻula, no ka mea ʻo ia wale nō ka hummingbird i lele i Rūkia. I ke kauwela o 1976, ua kipa aku ka selasphorus poʻo ʻulaʻula i ka mokupuni ʻo Ratmanov, a ua ʻōlelo nā mea ʻike maka ua ʻike lākou i nā hummingbirds ma Chukotka a me Wrangel Island.
ʻO ʻAmelike ʻĀkau (mai Kaleponi komohana a i ʻĀpana hema) i manaʻo ʻia he wahi maʻamau. No ka hoʻoilo, lele ka buffy hummingbird i Mexico. He nuku lahilahi ko ka manu, e like me ka awl a me kahi lōʻihi pōkole (8-8.5 cm).
ʻO kekahi mea ʻē aʻe hoihoi o ka ʻohana ka nuku o ka lōʻihi (e kūʻē i ke kua o ke kino): 9-11 cm me ka lōʻihi o ka manu o 17-23 cm.
Holoholona lōhiu
Makemake ʻo Hummingbirds e hoʻolilo i ko lākou mau lā ma waena o nā pua ʻaʻala, ke koho ʻana, ma ke ʻano he, nā ulu lāʻau mahana.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
ʻO ka ʻāina hānau o nā hummingbird a pau ka Honua Hou. Ua hoʻouka kaua ʻo Hummingbirds iā Central a me ʻAmelika Hema, a me nā wahi hema o ʻAmelika Hema. ʻAneʻane kokoke i nā ʻano hummingbird āpau āpau. Aia nā ʻokoʻa i kekahi mau ʻano, e like me ka hummingbird ruby-ʻāʻī, nona ka wahi e hele aku ai i Kanada a me nā mauna Rocky.
Hoʻonohonoho ka nohona ascetic i kēia ʻano me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu e hele i Mekiko, e uhi ana i kahi mamao o 4-5 tausani mau kilomita. Ma ke ala, kiʻi ka hummingbird ruby-ʻeke i kahi wikiwiki i kūpono no kāna kūkulu - ma kahi o 80 km / h.
ʻO ka palena o kekahi ʻano laha i kaupalena ʻia. ʻO kēia mau ʻano, i kapa ʻia he endemics, e laʻa me, no ka laʻana, ka hummingbird-bee i ʻike ʻia, ʻaʻole e lele i waho o Cuba.
Nohona Hummingbird
E like me ka hana pinepine ʻana i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, uku nā hummingbirds i kā lākou nui kaulike me kahi ʻano hakakā, ke aloha i ke ola a me ka neʻe hypertrophied. ʻAʻole lākou kānalua e hoʻouka i nā manu nui aku, keu hoʻi i ka pale ʻana i nā keiki.
Ke alakaʻi nei ʻo Hummingbirds i kahi nohona kaʻawale, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ikaika i ke kakahiaka a me ke awakea. Me ka hoʻomaka o ke ahiahi, hāʻule lākou i kahi hibernation pō pōkole.
Hoihoi ia!Pono ka metabolism Superfast i ka saturation mau, ʻaʻole hiki i ka pō. No ka hoʻolohi i ka metabolism, hiamoe ka hummingbird: i kēia manawa, hāʻule ka mahana o ke kino i 17-21 C °, a lohi ka lāʻau. Ke piʻi aʻe ka lā, pau ka hiamoe.
Kūlike ʻole i ka hilinaʻi nui, ʻaʻole hana nā hummingbirds i nā kaha he 50-100 i kēlā me kēia kekona i ka lele ʻana: kaupalena ʻia nā hummingbirds nui i 8-10 mau hahau.
ʻO ka lele ʻana o kahi manu e like me ka lele o kahi butterfly, akā ʻoi aku ia ma mua o ka hope i ka paʻakikī a me ka maneuverability. Lele ka hummingbird i luna a i lalo, i hope a i mua, i nā ʻaoʻao, lele ʻole, a hoʻomaka pū hoʻi a pae i luna.
Ke lele nei, wehewehe nā ʻeheu o ka manu i ʻewalu i ka lewa, e ʻae ai iā ʻoe e noho me ka neʻe ʻole, e paʻa paʻa ana i ke kino hummingbird. Hoʻokaʻawale kēia i nā hummingbirds mai nā manu ʻē aʻe hiki ke kau wale i kahi pālahalaha. ʻO nā neʻe ʻana o nā ʻeheu he helehelena wale nō e blur kā lākou mau outline: me he mea lā ua paʻa wale ka hummingbird i mua o ka pua.
E hānai ana, e hopu ana i nā hummingbirds
Ma muli o ka wikiwiki i ka metabolism, koi ʻia nā manu e hānai mau iā lākou iho me ka meaʻai, a hana nui lākou i ka ʻimi ʻana i ke ao a me ka pō. ʻAʻole lawa ka hoʻomona o ka hummingbird ai ʻoi aku ka ʻai i ʻelua mau manawa i ka lā ke kaupaona.... ʻAʻole ʻoe e ʻike i kahi manu ʻai e noho ana ma ka honua a i kahi lālā - ʻo ka ʻai wale nō ka lele.
Hoihoi ia!ʻO ka hapa nui o kaʻai a ka hummingbird he nectar a me ka pollen mai nā mea kanu tropical. Loaʻa i nā hummingbirds ʻokoʻa kā lākou mau makemake gastronomic: lele kekahi mai kahi pua a kahi pua, a hiki i kekahi ke ʻahaʻaina i ka nectar mai kahi ʻano mea kanu like ʻole.
Aia kekahi kuhiakau ke ʻano o ka nuku o nā ʻano hummingbird like ʻole ma muli o ke ʻano o ke kīʻaha pua.
No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka nectar, pono ka manu e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kona alelo i ka ʻāʻī o ka pua ma kahi o 20 mau manawa i kekona. I ka pā ʻana i ka mea momona, hoʻonui ka lelo curled a wili hou ke huki ʻia i ka nuku.
Hāʻawi ka nectar a me ka pollen i nā manu me ka nui o nā carbohydrates, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō i ko lākou pono protein. ʻO ia ke kumu e alualu ai lākou i nā mea kolo liʻiliʻi, a hopu lākou i ka lele a haehae iā lākou mai ka pūnaewele.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe o ka manu
I ke kūlohelohe, ʻaʻohe ʻenemi o ka hummingbirds. Alualu pinepine ʻia nā manu e nā spider tarantula a me nā nahesa lāʻau, e ʻimi nei i ko lākou manawa ma waena o nā lau nahele ʻōpio.
Hiki i ka papa inoa o nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o nā hummingbirds ke hoʻopili pū i kahi kanaka nāna e luku i nā manu liʻiliʻi no ka pono o nā hulu huluhulu. Ua hoʻāʻo nui nā poʻe ʻimi holoholona i mea e hōʻoia ai e hōʻole kekahi mau ʻano hummingbirds (ʻo ia hoʻi nā mea me ka palena palena), e hoʻokokoke ana i ka laina o ka luku loa.
Hānai hānau Hummingbird
He polygamous nā manu: hānau nā laha hema i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa, ʻo nā mea ʻākau wale nō i ke kauwela. Manaʻo ke kāne he kuleana kāna e pale ikaika i ka pūnaewele mai nā kuleana o nā hoanoho, akā ma hope o ka male ʻana hūnā ʻo ia mai ka alimony a hāʻawi i ka wahine i nā hana e hiki mai ana e pili ana i kā lāua keiki maʻamau.
ʻO ka mea mua a kahi hoaaloha i haʻalele ʻia e kūkulu ai i kahi pūnana, nona ia e hoʻohana ai i nā lau o ka mauʻu, limu, fluff a me nā laikini. Hoʻopili ka pūnana i nā lau, nā lālā a hiki i nā ʻāpana pōhaku: lawelawe ka lawai manu ma ke ʻano he fixator.
ʻO ka pūnana liʻiliʻi ua like ia me ka hapalua o ka iwi wōnati a paʻa i kekahi mau hua keʻokeʻo ʻelua pea... Hoʻokomo ka wahine iā lākou no 14-19 mau lā, keakea wale no ka meaʻai a me ka pale ʻana mai nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe e hoʻāʻo nei e komo i loko o ka paʻa. Ua lele wikiwiki ʻo ia iā lākou, e luʻu ana i kona nuku ʻoi i ka maka o ka nahesa a i ʻole ke kino o ka nananana me ka minamina ʻole.
Pono nā keiki hānau hou i ka lako ikehu mau ma ke ʻano o ka nectar. Lawe ʻia e kona makuahine, e holoholo mau ana ma waena o ka pūnana a me nā pua.
Hoihoi ia! I ka nele o ka makuahine no ka manawa lōʻihi, hiamoe nā keiki pōloli, a pono e hoʻāla ka manu i kāna mau ʻōpala i mea e pahu ai iā lākou i ka nectar ola.
Ulu a kuʻi nā moa a ma hope o 20-25 mau lā mākaukau e lele i waho o kā lākou pūnana manu.
Helu, heluna kanaka
ʻO ka hopu pio ʻole ʻia o nā hummingbirds i alakaʻi ʻia i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hoʻoliʻiliʻi nui nā heluna o nā ʻano he nui, a ua komo kekahi i loko o ka Red Book. I kēia manawa e noho nei ka heluna nui loa ma ʻEkuador, Colombia a me Venezuela, akā ma kahi o nā wahi āpau āpau e hoʻoweliweli ʻia kēia mau manu me ka luku.
Pili ka pilina o ka nohona o ka lehulehu i ke kūlana o ke kaiapuni: pono i hoʻokahi hummingbird e lawe i ka nectar mai nā pua 1,500 i kēlā me kēia lā, e hāʻawi ana i ka ikehu no ka lele wikiwiki (150 km / h) a me ka lewa maʻamau i ka lewa.
Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Instituzione Scientifica Centro Colibrì i mau makahiki he nui e hoʻoulu i nā hua manu hummingbird. He paʻakikī loa kēia ma muli o ka makaʻala loa o nā hua manu hummingbird i ka CO₂, ka mahana a me ka mahana. Ua kōkua ʻo Petersime i nā ʻepekema me Embryo-Response Technology ™... No laila, i ka 2015, lilo ka hoʻoulu ʻana o nā hua manu hummingbird i mea maoli no ka manawa mua, e hāʻawi ana i ka manaʻolana no ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana o ka lehulehu.
Nā moʻolelo Hummingbird
Ma waho aʻe o ka mea o ka manu liʻiliʻi loa i ka honua i helu ʻia i ka papa o ka hummingbird, aia kekahi mau mea hou i ʻike ʻia mai ka nui o nā manu.
- ʻo nā hummingbirds kekahi o nā vertebrates liʻiliʻi loa;
- hiki iā lākou (nā manu wale nō) ke lele i ke ala ʻē aʻe;
- hummingbird i kapa ʻia ka manu manu nui loa ma ka honua;
- ʻO ka nui o ka puʻuwai ma ka hoʻomaha he 500 mau kani i kēlā me kēia minuke, a i ka lele ʻana - 1200 a ʻoi paha.
- inā hoʻolahi ke kanaka i kona mau lima i ka wikiwiki o nā kuʻi ʻēheu hummingbird i kēlā me kēia minuke, e wela ʻo ia a 400 ° C;
- ʻo ka puʻuwai hummingbird no 40-50% o ka nui o ke kino.
