ʻOiai i ke kenekulia ma mua o ka hala, hiki i kahi kanaka maʻamau ke noho mālie i ka pā o ka mahiʻai me ka makaʻu ʻole i kona ola. Makaʻu nā kamaʻāina e pepehi i kahi mea komo hewa ma muli o kā lākou makaʻu weliweli i ka lawe ʻana mai i nā pilikia i ko lākou mau home.
ʻIke, wehewehe o ka nahesa maʻamau
No ka ʻohana ke ʻano o ka mea kolo, ʻokoʻa i kona mau hoaaloha i ke aupuni moʻo naheʻe e nā "pepeiao" melemele - nā hōʻailona symmetrical ma ke poʻo (kokoke i ka ʻāʻī). ʻO nā kiko he lemon, ʻalani, keʻokeʻo, a ʻike ʻole ʻole ʻia.
ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mea maʻamau i 1 m, akā aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona ʻoi aku ka paʻa (1.5-2 m kēlā me kēia). ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke poʻo o ka nahesa mai ka ʻāʻī, a ʻo ke kino he 3-5 mau manawa ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka huelo.
Hiki ke pena ʻia ka piko o ka nahesa o ka hina ʻeleʻele, ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ka ʻoliva, i hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻia me ke ʻano o ka checkerboard. Belly - hina hina a keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo paha, me kahi ʻāpana longitudinal ʻeleʻele i waenakonu... I kekahi poʻe, noho kēia kaha ma lalo loa. Ma waena o nā moʻo, aia nā albinos a me nā melanist ʻelua.
ʻO ka like me ka moonihoawa
Hoihoi ia!ʻAʻohe like iki o ka nahesa maikaʻi me ka viper ʻona: nā wahi punahele o ka hoʻomaha (nahele, nā kino wai, nā lau nahele) a me ka makemake e pale i nā hoʻokuʻi ʻana me nā poʻe.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, mālama pinepine ka viper i kāna ʻano a hoʻouka i ke kanaka i ka neʻe mua ʻole ʻana.
Nui aʻe nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā mea kolo:
- ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi, lohi ma mua o ka viper a loaʻa i kahi hoʻololi maʻalahi mai ke kino a i ka hiʻu;
- kū i nā kiko melemele ma ke poʻo o ka nahesa, a kau kahi kaula zigzag ma ke kua o ka moonihoawa;
- he poʻo lōkō ko ka nahesa, he poʻo ovoid iki, ʻoiai i ka viper he triangular a ʻano like me ka ihe;
- ʻAʻohe niho ʻino nā nāhesa;
- i nā moʻo, kū i luna a pōʻai paha nā haumāna (e like me nā pōpoki), a i nā moʻo niho ʻawa, huli nā haumāna, e like me nā lāʻau;
- ʻAi nā moʻo i nā rana, a makemake nā moʻo ʻiʻo i nā ʻiole.
I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku nā ʻokoʻa hou aʻe (e laʻa me ke ana unahi a me nā scutes), akā ʻaʻole pono ka amateur i kēia ʻike. ʻAʻole ʻoe e nānā i nā unahi ke hoʻoweliweli ka hoʻohenehene, ʻo ia?
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
I nā latitu ʻākau, hiki ke loaʻa ka nahesa maʻamau mai Karelia a me Suedena a i ka Arctic Circle, ma nā latitu hema - ma ke kahakai ʻākau o ʻApelika (a hiki i Sahara). ʻO ka palena komohana o ka pae e holo ana ma nā Moku ʻo Pelekane a me ka Iberian Peninsula, ʻoiai ka palena hikina e uhi ana ma waena o Mongolia a me Transbaikalia.
Hoʻopili nā moʻo i nā kahiki, ʻo nā mea i hana ʻia e ke kanaka, ʻoiai ke kino o ka wai me ka wai kūpalu a kahe mālie paha i kahi wai kokoke.
Noho kēia mau moʻo i nā nāhelehele, nā ululāʻau, nā kahawai kahawai, steppes, nā puʻu, nā mauna, nā māla, nā kahakai kahakai a me nā wahi paka o ka ululāʻau.... Ke noho nei i ke kūlanakauhale, ʻike pinepine nā moʻo iā lākou iho ma lalo o nā huila, e like me ko lākou makemake e iho i ke anapā. ʻO kēia ke kumu nui o ka emi ʻana o ka heluna o nā nāhesa ma kahi ākea, ʻoiai ʻo ka honua, ʻaʻohe mea e hopohopo e pili ana i ka nui o nā ʻano.
ʻO ka lana a me ka nohona
Noho nui ia i kēia manawa, mai 19 a 23 mau makahiki, a ʻo ke kūlana nui no kona ola lōʻihi i manaʻo ʻia he wai, ʻo ia ke kuleana no ka inoa ʻepekema o kēia ʻano - natrix (mai ka Latin Latin, i unuhi ʻia ma ke ʻano he "ʻauʻauʻau").
Hoihoi ia!Inu lākou a ʻauʻau nui hoʻi, hana ʻana i nā ʻauʻau mamao loa me ke kumu ʻole. ʻO kā lākou ala e holo maʻamau ma kahakai, ʻoiai ua ʻike ʻia kēlā me kēia kanaka i ke kai ākea a i waenakonu o nā loko nui (ma kahi mamao o nā mile he ʻumi mai ka ʻāina).
I loko o ka wai, neʻe ʻo ia e like me nā moʻo āpau, e hoʻokū i luna i kona ʻāʻī a pelu i kona kino a me ka huelo i kahi mokulele e like me ka nalu. I ka wā o ka hahai holoholona, luʻu hohonu ia, a ʻoiai e hoʻomaha ana, moe ia i lalo a wahī paha i kahi snag malalo o ka wai.
ʻImi ia i ka mea pio i ke kakahiaka / ahiahi, ʻoiai ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hana i ke ao. I kahi lā maopopo, hōʻike ka mea maʻamau i kona mau ʻaoʻao i ka lā ma kahi ʻōpala, pōhaku, hummock, pahu i hina ʻia a i ʻole kekahi kiʻekiʻe kūpono. I ka pō, kolo ia i loko o kahi e pale ai - hemo mai nā aʻa i luna, nā hōʻiliʻili o nā pōhaku a mau lua paha.
Nā ʻenemi o ka nahesa maʻamau
Inā ʻaʻole peʻe ka nahesa ma mua o ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā, e anuanu koke ia a ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke pakele koke mai nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe, i waena o nā mea i ʻike ʻia.
- carnivorous mammals me fox, ʻīlio raccoon, weasel, a me hedgehog;
- 40 mau ʻano manu nunui (e laʻa me nā ʻūlū a me nā puaʻa);
- koʻohā, me nā iole;
- nā amphibians e like me nā rana a me nā toads;
- trout (ʻai i nā holoholona ʻōpio);
- nā nalo honua a me nā naonao (luku i nā hua manu).
Ke hoʻāʻo nei e hopu i ka makaʻu ma luna o ka ʻenemi, hū ʻo ia a pālahalaha i ka ʻāʻī o ka ʻāʻī (ke kuhi nei he nahesa ʻawahia), pelu aku ke kino i kahi zigzag a wiliwili loa i ka hopena o kāna huelo. ʻO ka lua o ke koho e holo aku.
Hoihoi ia! Hopu ʻia i ka wāwae o kahi mea ʻaihue a i ʻole i ka lima o ke kanaka, hoʻohālikelike ka mea kolo i ka make a pīpī paha i kahi mea pilau i hūnā ʻia e nā gland cloacal.
Ke ʻike mau nei nā nahesa i ka hemahema o nā hale hilinaʻi, ʻo ia ke kumu e hauʻoli ai lākou i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hua o ka hana a ke kanaka, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā hale, nā hale moa, nā ʻauʻau, nā hale waiho, nā alahaka, nā lua, nā puʻu ʻōpala a me nā ʻōpala ʻōpala.
Meaʻai - he aha ka mea e ʻai ai ka mea maʻamau?
ʻO nā koho gastronomic o ka nahesa he monotonous - he rana kēia a me nā iʻa... I kekahi manawa, hoʻokomo ʻo ia i kāna papaʻai a me nā mea ʻē aʻe o kahi nui kūpono. Hiki iā ia:
- newts;
- toads;
- nā moʻo;
- moa (hāʻule i waho o ka pūnana);
- ʻiole wai hānau hou;
- nā kolo a me kā lākou larvae.
Hoʻowahāwahā nā nahesa i ka ʻai a ʻai ʻole lākou i nā mea kanu, akā makemake lākou e inu i ka waiū ke ʻike lākou iā lākou iho i ka terrarium.
Ke ʻimi no ka iʻa, hoʻohana mua ia i ke kali a ʻike i ke taktika, e lālau ana i ka mea i hōʻeha ʻia me ka neʻe ʻana o ka uila ke ʻau ʻo ia a lawa. Ke alualu ʻiʻo nei nā rana ma ka ʻāina, akā ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻāʻo e lele i kahi mamao kūpono, ʻaʻole ʻike i kahi weliweli make i ka nahesa.
Ke ale nei ka ipu iʻa me ka ʻole o nā pilikia, akā ʻo ka ʻai ʻana i ka rana e mau ana ia no nā hola he nui, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki ke kiʻi pono ʻia i ke poʻo. E like me nā moʻo ʻē aʻe, ʻike mua ia i ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻana i ka ʻāʻī, akā ʻaʻole wikiwiki ʻo ka rana angular e hele i loko o ka ʻōpū a i kekahi manawa haki ka waha no ka ʻaina awakea. Akā ʻaʻole mākaukau ka mea make e hoʻokuʻu i ka mea i hōʻino ʻia a hopu hou iā ia e hoʻomau i ka pāʻina.
Ma hope o ka ʻaina awakea nui, hele ʻo ia me ka ʻai ʻole ma kahi o ʻelima mau lā, a inā he pono - he mau mahina.
Hoihoi ia! Aia kekahi hihia i ʻike ʻia i ka hala ʻana o kahi ʻōloli pololi ikaika no 10 mau mahina. Ua hoʻokau ʻia ʻo ia i kēia hoʻokolohua e kahi kanaka kūlohelohe Kelemania nāna i hānai ʻole i ke kumuhana mai Iune a ʻApelila. ʻO ka hānai mua ʻana o ka nahesa ma hope o ka hala ʻana o ka ʻōloli me ka haʻalele ʻole ʻia mai ka gastrointestinal tract.
Nahesa hānau
Hana ʻia ʻo Puberty ma 3-4 mau makahiki. ʻO ke kau moʻo e mau ana mai ʻApelila a Mei, waiho ʻia nā hua i Iulai-ʻAukake... ʻAʻole kūlike nā wā o nā pāʻani moena i nā wahi like ʻole, akā hoʻomaka mau lākou i ka hopena o ka molt kau mua (hoʻololi pinepine i kona ʻili ma ka hopu ʻana a me ka ʻeli ʻana i ka mea pio mua). Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā hihia o ka hānau ʻana o ke kauwela, a laila hoʻomoe ka wahine i nā hua ma hope o ka hoʻoilo.
Ua hele mua ka moekolohe e ka plexus o kekahi nahesa (wahine a me nā kāne he nui) i loko o kahi "pōpō male", a ʻo ka hopena ke kau ʻana i nā hua ʻili i loko o kahi nui mai kekahi a 100 paha.
Hoihoi ia!Inā ʻaʻole lawa nā wahi hūnā i ka wahi o ka heluna kanaka, hana nā wahine i kahi waiho like ʻana o nā hua. Ua haʻi nā mea ʻike maka pehea lākou i loaʻa ai i kahi lālau o 1200 mau hua i loko o kahi pale nahele (ma lalo o ka puka kahiko).
Pono e pale ʻia ka masonry mai ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana a me ke anuanu, kahi e nānā ai ka nahesa i ka "incubator" momona a mehana, ʻo ia ka paila o nā lau popopo, kahi mānoanoa o ka moʻo a me ka lāʻau popopo.
Ke waiho nei i nā hua, ʻaʻole hoʻokomo ka wahine i nā keiki, waiho iā ia i ke aloha o ka hopena. Ma hope o 5-8 mau hebedoma, hānau ʻia nā moʻo liʻiliʻi me ka lōʻihi o 11 a 15 cm, mai ka manawa o ka hānau ua pīhoihoi lākou i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi no ka hoʻoilo.
ʻAʻole hiki i nā moʻo pēpē āpau ke hānai iā lākou iho a hiki i ke anuanu, akā ʻo nā keiki pōloli ke ola nei a hiki i ka wela o ka puna, koe wale nō e ulu lohi iki lākou ma mua o ko lākou kaikuahine a me nā kaikunāne i hānai maikaʻi ʻia.
ʻO ka ʻike o ka nahesa hale maʻamau
Hoʻolālā pono nā nahesa i ke pio ʻana, maʻalahi maʻalahi a undemanding i ka ʻike. Pono lākou i kahi terrarium ʻano ākea (50 * 40 * 40 cm) me nā pono hana aʻe:
- kaula moena / moena pumehana no ka hoʻomehana (+ 30 + 33 kekelē ma ke kihi mehana);
- ʻiliʻili, pepa a niu paha no ka substrate;
- puʻuhonua i kahi kihi mehana (e mālama i ka wela, waiho ʻia i loko o kahi cuvette me sphagnum);
- puʻuhonua i kahi kihi anuanu (maloʻo);
- kahi ipu capacious me ka wai e ʻau ai ka nahesa ma laila, laka i ka wā o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, ʻaʻole e kinai wale i kona make wai;
- Kukui UV no ke ao.
I nā lā lā, ʻaʻole koi ʻia nā kukui hou o ka terrarium... Hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā, kāpīpī ʻia ia me ka wai mehana no laila e mau mau ka sphagnum. ʻO ka ʻai a ka nahesa ka iʻa liʻiliʻi a me nā rana: makemake ʻia e hōʻike ka mea pio i nā ʻōuli o ke ola, i ʻole e hōʻole ka pipi i ka ʻai.
Hoihoi ia!I kekahi manawa ua maʻa nā moʻo i nā meaʻai defrosted. Hānai lākou i nā mea like me 1-2 mau manawa i ka pule, nā mea kolo nui - ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka manawa. Hoʻokahi manawa i ka mahina, hoʻohui ʻia nā mea hoʻopili mineral i loko o ka meaʻai, a ma kahi o ka wai maʻamau, hāʻawi ʻia nā mea hoʻopili mineral. Hoʻololi ka wai i ka mea inu i kēlā me kēia lā.
Inā makemake ʻia, hoʻokomo ʻia ka nahesa i loko o ka hibernation, no ka mea, me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hāʻule, hoʻemi ʻia ka manawa kukui / hoʻomehana mai 12 a 4 mau hola. Ma hope o kou hoʻokō ʻana i kahi kulu wela o ka terrarium i + 10 + 12 kekelē a hoʻōki i ke kukui ʻana iā ia, e hele ka nahesa i ka hibernation (a i 2 mau mahina). ʻO ka moeʻuhane āu e hoʻohālike ai e loaʻa kahi hopena maikaʻi i ke kino o kahi pipi i hoʻomaha.
