ʻO ka Assamese macaque (Macaca assamensis) a i ʻole ka rhesus kuahiwi no ka papa o nā primates.
Nā hōʻailona kūwahi o ka Assamese macaque.
ʻO ka Assamese macaque kekahi o nā lālani o nā ʻīlio ihu āpau me kahi kino momona, kahi huelo pōkole a nui loa o ka pubescent. Eia nō naʻe, he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka huelo a hiki ke loli ākea. ʻOi aku ka pōkole o nā huelo o kekahi poʻe i hiki ʻole i ke kuli, ʻoiai ʻo kekahi e hoʻolālā i kahi huelo lōʻihi.
ʻO ke kala o ka Assamese macaque macaque mai kahi ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele i kahi tan tan i mua o ke kino, ʻoi aku ka māmā ma mua o ka hope. ʻOi aku ka māmā o ka ʻaoʻao ventral o ke kino, ʻoi aku ka keʻokeʻo o ke kani, a ʻokoʻa ka ʻili ʻōlohelohe i ka helehelena ma waena o ka ʻeleʻele a me ka poni i ke kala, me ka ʻili keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo-melemele keʻokeʻo a puni nā maka. He ʻumiʻumi a me ka ʻumiʻumi hoʻi ka Assamese macaque, a he mau ʻūlau hoʻi ka nā papalina e hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i nā meaʻai i ka wā e hānai ana. E like me ka nui o nā macaque, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka macaque kāne Assamese ma mua o ka wahine.
Ka lōʻihi o ke kino: 51 - 73.5 cm. Ka lōʻihi o ka huelo: 15 - 30 cm. Kaupaona ke kāne: 6 - 12 kg, wahine: 5 kg. ʻOkoʻa nā macaques ʻōpio Assamese i ka waihoʻoluʻu a ʻoi aku ka māmā o ke kala ma mua o nā mōneka makua.
ʻO kaʻai macaque Assamese.
ʻAi ʻo Assamese macaques i nā lau, nā hua a me nā pua, kahi e hapa nui ai i kā lākou papaʻai. Hoʻohui ʻia ka ʻai herbivorous e nā mea kolo a me nā vertebrates liʻiliʻi, me nā moʻo.
ʻO ka hana a ka Assamese macaque.
ʻO Assamese macaques kahi diurnal a me omnivorous primata. He arboreal a terrestrial lākou. Ke hana nei ʻo Assamese macaques i ka lā, ke neʻe nei i nā hā. ʻIke lākou i ka meaʻai ma ka honua, akā ʻai pū lākou i nā kumulāʻau a me nā lāʻau. ʻO ka hapanui o ka manawa, hoʻomaha a mālama paha nā holoholona i kā lākou huluhulu, ke kau nei ma nā ʻāina pōhaku.
Aia kekahi mau pilina kaiaulu ma waena o nā laha, noho nā macaque i nā hui liʻiliʻi o 10-15 mau kānaka, e komo pū me kahi kāne, kekahi mau wahine a me nā macaque ʻōpio. Eia naʻe, i kekahi manawa ʻike ʻia nā pūʻulu a hiki i 50 mau kānaka. He kūlana koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi nā Flocks o Assamese macaques. Noho mau nā wahine o ka macaques i ka hui i hānau ʻia ai lākou, a haʻalele nā kāne ʻōpio i nā pūnaewele hou ke hiki i ka wā ʻōpio.
ʻO ka hana hou ʻana o ka macaque Assamese.
ʻO ka wā hānau no Assamese macaques mai ka mahina ʻo Nowemapa a Kekemapa i Nepal a mai ʻOkakopa a Pepeluali i Thailand. Ke mākaukau ka wahine e hoʻopalau, ʻulaʻula ka ʻili ma ke kua ma lalo o ka huelo. Hānau i nā keiki ma kahi o 158 - 170 mau lā, hānau hoʻokahi wale nō kūka, kahi kaupaona ma kahi o 400 gram i ka wā hānau. Hānau nā macaque ʻōpio ma kahi o ʻelima mau makahiki o ka makahiki a hānau i kēlā me kēia i ʻelua mau makahiki. ʻO ke ola o nā macaques Assamese i ke kūlohelohe ma kahi o 10 - 12 mau makahiki.
Hoʻolaha o ka Assamese macaque.
Noho ka Assamese macaque ma nā kapuwai o ka Himalayas a me nā pae mauna kokoke o Asia Hema. Lawe ʻia ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā pali kuahiwi o Nepal, India ʻĀkau, ma ka hema o Kina, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Laos, ma ka ʻākau o Thailand a me North Vietnam.
ʻElua mau ʻāpana ʻokoʻa i ʻike ʻia i kēia manawa: ʻo ka macaque Assamese komohana (M. a.pelop), i loaʻa ma Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan a me India a me nā ʻāpana ʻelua: ʻo ka macaque Assamese hikina (M. assamensis), i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma Bhutan, India, Kina. , Wiekanama. Aia paha he kolu o nā mea kōkua ma Nepal, akā koi kēia ʻike i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana.
Nā wahi noho o ka Assamese macaque.
Noho ʻo Assamese macaques i loko o nā ululāʻau ulu ulu mauʻu a me subtropical, ulu lāʻau maloʻo maloʻo a me nā ululāʻau mauna.
Makemake lākou i nā ululāʻau mānoanoa a ʻaʻole ʻike pinepine ʻia i nā ululāʻau lua.
ʻOkoʻa nā ʻano o ka nohona a me nā niches ecological ecological i hilinaʻi ʻia ma muli o nā subspecies. Hoʻolahalaha nā macaam Assamese mai nā hares a i nā mauna kiʻekiʻe a i ka 2800 m, a i ke kauwela piʻi lākou i kekahi manawa i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 3000 mika, a hiki paha i 4000 m. Akā he ʻano nui ia e noho ana ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe a pili pinepine ʻia me nā wahi mauna ma luna o 1000 mika. Koho ʻo Assamese macaques i nā wahi pali pōhaku ma nā kahawai o nā kahawai kūpikipiki a me nā kahawai e hiki ke hāʻawi i kahi pale mai nā mea hōkai.
ʻO ke kūlana mālama o ka Assamese macaque.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka macaam Assamese ma kahi kokoke i ka hoʻoweliweli ma ka papa inoa ʻulaʻula o IUCN a helu ʻia ma CITES Appendix II.
Hoʻoweliweli i ka Assamese macaque noho.
ʻO nā mea hoʻoweliweli nui i ka Assamese macaque habitat me ka hāʻule ʻana i wae ʻia a me nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka hana anthropogenic, ka laha ʻana o nā lāhui invasive malihini, ka ʻimi holoholona, kālepa ʻana i nā holoholona pio e like me nā holoholona a me nā zoo. Hoʻohui ʻia, hoʻoweliweli ka hybridization o nā laha i kekahi poʻe liʻiliʻi.
ʻImi ʻia nā Primates ma ka ʻāina Himalayan i mea e loaʻa ai ka iwi poʻo o ka Assamese macaque, i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he pale no ka "maka ʻino" a kau ʻia i nā hale ma ka ʻākau hikina o India.
Ma Nepal, hoʻoweliweli ʻia ka macaque Assamese e kāna palena palena palena ma lalo o 2,200 km2, ʻoiai e ʻemi mau ana ka wahi, ka nui a me ka maikaʻi o ka nohona.
I Thailand, ʻo ka hoʻoweliweli nui ka nalo ʻana o kahi e noho ai a me ka ʻimi ʻana i kaʻiʻo. He pale wale ka Assamese macaque inā noho ia ma ka ʻāina o nā luakini.
Ma Tibet, ua ʻimi ʻia ka macaque Assamese no ka ʻili kahi e hana ai nā kamaʻāina i nā kāmaʻa. Ma Laos, Kina a me Vietnam, ʻo ka hoʻoweliweli nui i ka macaam Assamese ke ʻimi nei i ka ʻiʻo a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā iwi e kiʻi i ka balsam a i ʻole ke kāpili. Kūʻai ʻia kēia huahana ma nā mākeke Vietnamese a me Kina no ka hoʻomaha ʻeha. ʻO nā mea hoʻoweliweli ʻē aʻe i ka Assamese macaque ke kālai nei a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ululāʻau no nā mahi mahiʻai a me nā alanui, a me ka ʻimi holoholona. Hoʻihoʻi ʻia ʻo Assamese macaques i ka wā e hoʻouka ai lākou i nā māla a me nā māla, a hoʻopau ka poʻe kamaʻāina iā lākou ma ke ʻano he mea ʻino ma kekahi mau wahi.
Pale aku Assamese macaque.
Ua helu ʻia ka Assamese macaque ma ka Appendix II o ka Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), no laila pono e nānā pono ʻia kekahi kālepa kūwaho i kēia primate.
I nā ʻāina āpau kahi e noho ai ka Assamese macaque, me India, Thailand a me Bangladesh, ua hoʻopili ʻia nā ana iā ia.
Aia ka Assamese macaque ma kahi o 41 mau wahi i pale ʻia ma ka ʻākau hikina o India a loaʻa pū ʻia i kekahi i nā pāka aupuni. I mea e pale aku ai i nā laha a me kona wahi noho, ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā papahana aʻo i loko o kekahi mau pāka aupuni ʻo Himalayan e paipai nei i nā kamaʻāina kūloko e hoʻohana i kahi kumu o ka ikehu ma kahi o ka wahie, e pale ana i ka nāhelehele.
Loaʻa ka Assamese macaque i nā wahi pale aʻe: National Wildlife Refuge (Laos); in the national parks Langtang, Makalu Barun (Nepal); ma Suthep Pui National Park, Huay Kha Khaeng Kūlohelohe, Phu Kyo Sanctuary (Thailand); ma Pu Mat National Park (Vietnam).
