ʻO Stonefucker (Histrionicus histrionicus) no ka ʻohana Duck, ke kauoha ʻo Anseriformes.
Nā hōʻailona kūwaho o kahi pōhaku
Nui ke kala o ka plumage, me nā aka he nui. ʻO ka kino o ke kāne he polū-uliuli, me nā mea keʻokeʻo a me nā ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka hulu ma ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī ʻeleʻele matte. Aia nā pā keʻokeʻo ma ka ihu, hāmama ka pepeiao a ma ka hope o ka ʻāʻī. ʻElua mau kiko keʻokeʻo liʻiliʻi ma hope o nā maka. Ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo, ma lalo o nā kiko keʻokeʻo, aia nā kaha o ka hue ʻalani enaena. ʻAʻole paʻa ka lei keʻokeʻo lahilahi i ka ʻāʻī. ʻO kekahi laina keʻokeʻo me ka ʻeleʻele e iho i ka umauma. ʻEleʻele ʻo Uppertail a me hope. ʻEleʻele nā ʻaoʻao.
Aia kekahi wahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo transverse ma ka pā o ka ʻēheu. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao lalo o nā ʻeheu he palaunu. Keʻokeʻo ka hulu ma nā poʻohiwi. Pākuʻi-ʻeleʻele nā peʻe o nā ʻēheu. Aniani a me aniani uliuli me ka ʻōlinolino. Blue-hina ka sakuma. ʻEleʻele-ʻeleʻele ka huelo. ʻO ka nuku he brownish-ʻoliva, me kahi māiʻuʻu e ʻike ʻia. Pākuʻi hina nā pā me nā membrane ʻeleʻele. ʻEleʻele ka iris o ka maka. ʻO ka drake i ke kauwela kauwela ma hope o ka molting uhi ʻia me nā plumage o kahi leo ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele.
ʻOkoʻa loa ka wahine mai ke kāne kāne i ke kala plumage.
ʻEleʻele ka hulu Duck i ka kala me ka ʻoliva. ʻEkolu mau kiko keʻokeʻo koʻikoʻi ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo. Keʻokeʻo ka ʻaoʻao lalo o ke kino me nā ʻāpana brown brown blurred light. ʻEleʻele-ʻeleʻele nā eheu, ʻo ka huelo ka kala like. ʻO ka nuku a me nā ʻāpā, ʻeleʻele hina. Hoʻohālike nā whetstones ʻōpio me nā wahine makua i ka plumage o ka hoʻoilo, akā ʻike ʻia ke kala hope loa i ka makahiki ʻelua ma hope o kekahi mau molts.
Pāhola pōhaku
Aia ka kamenushka i kahi pae Holarctic, i hoʻopau ʻia i nā wahi. Ua palahalaha ia ma ka hikina-hikina o Siberia, e mau ana kona wahi noho a hiki i ka muliwai ʻo Lena a me Lake Baikal. I ka ʻākau, loaʻa ia ma kahi o ka Arctic Circle, ma ka hema hiki i Primorye. Aia ma kahi o Kamchatka a me nā mokupuni Commander. ʻO nā pūnana kaʻawale ma kahi o. Askold i ke kai o Iapana. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia ma ka ʻāina ʻAmelika ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka Pākīpika, hopu iā ia ka ʻāina o Cordilleras a me nā mauna Rocky. ʻO nā ola hou aku ma ka ʻākau hikina o Labrador, ma nā kapakai o Iceland a me Greenland.
Ke ʻano noho o ka pulelehua
Noho ʻo Kamenushki ma nā wahi i loaʻa pinepine nā kahawai wai kūpikipiki me kahi kiʻekiʻe o ke kahe, ma nā wahi like he mau manu ʻē aʻe. Ma nā kahakai kai, hānai lākou i ka lihi o nā ʻaʻa. Hoʻi lākou i uka e pūnana ai.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hana a ka mason
ʻO Kamenushki nā manu kula e hānai, hoʻoheheʻe a hibernate i nā wahi kuʻuna i nā hui, koe wale no ka wā pūnana, ke noho pālua nā manu. Kūleʻa lākou i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi. Hiki i ke Kamenushki ke ʻauʻau kūʻē i ke au, piʻi i nā pali kūliʻu a me nā pōhaku pahee. I ka manawa like, nui nā manu e make i nā wahi heʻe nalu, kahi e hoʻolei ai nā nalu i nā kupapaʻu o nā pōhaku i wāwahi ʻia i kahakai.
Ka hana hou ʻana o ka pōhaku
Hana ʻo Kamenushki i ko lākou pūnana ma nā wahi ʻākau. I ke kauwela, mālama nā ʻāpō i nā loko kai a me nā kahawai. Hōʻike ʻia nā pālua i nā wahi pūnana. Ma hope koke iho o ka hōʻea ʻana, hoʻokolokolo ʻia kekahi mau wahine e nā kāne ʻelua. I ka wā o ka moena, hoʻonohonoho nā drakes i kahi au, ʻoiai lākou e kau ana i ko lākou umauma i mua, hohola a hoʻolei i ko lākou poʻo i hope, a laila hoʻolei koke i mua, e hoʻokuʻu ana i kahi "gi-ek" nui. Pane nā wahine i nā kāhea o nā drakes me kahi kani like. Kūkulu ʻo Kamenushki i kahi pūnana ma nā poʻo wai o nā kahawai e kahe wikiwiki ana i nā kaʻe, nā ʻiliʻili pebble, i waena o nā pōhaku, i nā mea ulu mauʻu.
I Iceland, koho nā whetstone i nā wahi me nā willow dwarf, birch, a me nā junipers no ka pūnana kokoke loa ʻana i ke au e huʻa ana. Ma ka ʻāina ʻAmelika, pūnana nā manu i nā lua, i waena o nā pōhaku. Kūleʻa ka pale, uhi ʻole ka lalo i ka fluff manu.
Hoʻomoe ka wahine i ʻekolu, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hua hua-walu cream. Hoʻohālikelike nā nui o ka hua manu i nā hua moa. Loaʻa i kahi hua manu nui nā mea momona a nui aʻe ka moa, no laila he manawa e ulu ai i ke kauwela kau. Hoʻopau ka hoʻoulu ʻana i 27-30 mau lā. Mālama kokoke ke kāne, akā ʻaʻole nānā i nā keiki. ʻO nā moa kokoke i nā pōhaku ʻano brood a, i ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana, e ukali i ka ʻāpō i ka muliwai. He ʻokoʻa loa nā ʻāpō a loaʻa nā meaʻai kokoke i ke kahakai. ʻO nā pōhaku ʻōpio ke holo mua i ka wā he 5-6 mau makahiki.
Hele nā manu i Kepakemapa.
Haʻalele nā drakes mākua i ko lākou wahi pūnaewele ma ka hopena o Iune a hana i nā hipa e hānai i kahakai. I kekahi manawa hoʻohui ʻia lākou e nā pōhaku i piha i hoʻokahi makahiki wale nō. Kū ka molt nui i ka hopena o Iulai a i ka mua o ʻAukake. Ma hope o ka hānai ʻana o nā wahine i kā lākou hānai ʻana i kā lākou keiki. Hoʻohui hou ʻia nā manu i ka hāʻule i nā wahi hoʻoilo. Hana kope ʻo Kamenushki i ka makahiki 2 a 3 mau makahiki, akā ʻo ka hapa nui ke 4-5 mau makahiki o lākou. Hoʻohui ʻia kā lākou hui hou ʻana i ka hāʻule i nā wahi hoʻoilo.
Kamenkaʻai
Noho ʻo Kamenushki ma nā kapa wai. ʻO nā meaʻai nā mea kolo a me nā larva. Hōʻiliʻili nā manu i nā mollusc a me nā crustacean ma kahakai. Pākuʻi i ka ration o ka meaʻai me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi.
Ke kūlana mālama o ka pōhaku pōhaku
Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo Kamenushka ma nā panalāʻau hikina o Kanada ua aneane make. ʻEkolu mau kumu i ʻike ʻia e hiki ai ke wehewehe i ka heleleʻi o nā helu: ka wai haumia me nā huahana aila, ka luku iki ʻana o ka wahi noho a me nā wahi pūnana, a me ka ʻimi holoholona nui ʻana, no ka mea, huki ka wheatear i nā mea ʻai manu me kona kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
No kēia mau kumu, pale ʻia ka laha ma Kanada. Ma waho o Kanada, kūpaʻa nā helu manu a i ʻole e hoʻonui iki ana ʻoiai nā helu hānai haʻahaʻa. ʻO kēia kūpaʻa i nā helu ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kēia ʻano pato e noho nei ma nā wahi i mamao loa mai nā wahi kanaka.
Nā ʻāpana pōhaku
ʻElua mau ʻāpana pōhaku.
- nā ʻāpana ʻohana H. h. hohola aku ʻo histrionicus i Labrador, Iceland, Greenland.
- Loaʻa ʻo H. pacificus ma ka hikina hikina o Siberia a me ke komohana o ka ʻāina ʻAmelika.
Waiwai waiwai
ʻO kā Kamenushki waiwai nui ma nā wahi wale nō, kī ʻia nā manu ma uka o Kolyma, kahi o kēia laha ka nui loa i waena o nā ʻāpō luʻu. Alualu ʻia nā manu molting ma kahi o Okhotsk kokoke i ke kahakai. Ma nā mokupuni Commander, ʻo kēia ka lawaiʻa nui i ka hoʻoilo, ke haʻalele nā ʻano ʻē aʻe i nā mokupuni ʻino.
