ʻO ka macropod maʻamau (lat. Macropodus opercularis) a i ʻole iʻa paradaiso he unpretentious, akā ʻo ka moa a hiki ke lanakila i nā hoanoho i ka aquarium. ʻO ka iʻa kekahi o nā mea i lawe mua ʻia i ʻEulopa, ʻo ka iʻa gula wale nō ka mea i mua o ia.
Ua lawe mua ʻia ia i Palani i ka makahiki 1869, a i ka makahiki 1876 ua ʻike ʻia ma Berlin. He mea nui kēia iʻa aquarium liʻiliʻi akā nani loa i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka leʻaleʻa aquarium a puni ka honua.
Me ka hōʻea ʻana mai o kahi ʻano nui o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, ua emi iki ke kaulana o ka laha, akā ʻo ia nō kekahi o nā iʻa kaulana loa, mālama ʻaneʻane kēlā me kēia aquarist.
Noho i ke kūlohelohe
ʻO ka macropod maʻamau (Macropodus opercularis) i hōʻike mua ʻia e Karl Linnaeus i ka makahiki 1758. Noho i nā wahi nui ma ka Hikina Hema ʻo Asia.
Noho - Kina, Taiwan, ʻākau a me waena o Vietnam, Laos, Kambupila, Malaysia, Iapana, Kōlea. Hoʻokomo a lawe aʻa i Madagascar a me USA.
ʻOiai ʻo ka hoʻolaha ākea, ua helu ʻia i ka Red Book ma ke ʻano he hopohopo liʻiliʻi loa.
Hoʻolālā ikaika nā wahi kūlohelohe, haumia nā kumuwaiwai me nā pesticides. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻoweliweli ʻia me ka make, he hana hoʻomākaukau wale nō kēia.
ʻO Macropod kekahi o nā ʻano eiwa i loko o ka genus Macropodus, me 6 mai ka 9 i wehewehe ʻia i loko o nā makahiki i hala iho nei.
ʻO ka maʻamau i loko o nā aquarium no hoʻokahi kenekulia. Ua lawe mua ʻia i Palisa ma 1869, a ma 1876 i Berlin.
Papa inoa o nā laha i ʻike ʻia:
- ʻO Macropodus opercularis - (Linnaeus, 1758) Paradisefish)
- Macropodus ocellatus - (Cantor, 1842)
- Macropodus spechti - (Schreitmüller, 1936)
- Macropodus erythropterus - (Freyhof & Herder, 2002)
- Macropodus hongkongensis - (Freyhof & Herder, 2002)
- Macropodus baviensis - (Nguyen & Nguyen, 2005)
- Macropodus lineatus - (Nguyen, Ngo & Nguyen, 2005)
- Macropodus oligolepis - (Nguyen, Ngo & Nguyen, 2005)
- Macropodus phongnhaensis - (Ngo, Nguyen & Nguyen, 2005)
Noho kēia ʻano laha i nā kino wai like ʻole ma nā pāpū. Nā kahawai, nā kahawai o nā muliwai nui, nā māla laiki, nā ʻauwai wai, nā wai wai, nā loko wai - noho lākou i nā wahi āpau, akā makemake au i ka wai kahe a kūpikipiki paha.
Wehewehe
He iʻa mālamalama, conspicuous ia. Polū ke kino me nā kaha ʻulaʻula, ʻulaʻula nā peʻa.
He kino ikaika elongated ka macropod, kuhi nā kīʻaha āpau. Hoʻopili ʻia ka caudal fin a hiki ke lōʻihi, ma kahi o 3-5 cm.
E like me nā labyrinth āpau, hiki iā lākou ke hanu i ka ea, e ale ana iā ia mai luna. He aʻa lākou e ʻae iā lākou e omo i ka oxygen lewa a ola i ka wai oxygen liʻiliʻi.
ʻO nā labyrinthine āpau, ua hoʻomohala i kahi hui kūikawā e ʻae iā ʻoe e hanu i ka ea. ʻAe kēia iā lākou e ola i loko o ka wai ʻino-oxygen, nā wai kūpina a lākou e makemake ai.
Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke hanu i ka oxygen i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, a me ka oxygen lewa wale nō i ka wī o ka oxygen.
Ke ulu nei nā kāne ma kahi o 10 knm, a ʻo ka huelo lōʻihi ke nānā aku iā lākou i mea nui aʻe. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine - ma kahi o 8 cm. ʻO ke ola ma kahi o 6 mau makahiki, a me ka mālama maikaʻi a hiki i ka 8.
Akā he nani loa lākou, kino polū-polū, me nā ʻulaʻula a me nā peʻa like. I nā kāne, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o nā peʻa, a ua lilo nā kīʻaha ventral i mau pae lahilahi, ke ʻano o nā labyrinth.
Nui a hewahewa ke ʻano o ke kala, me nā albinos a me nā macropod ʻeleʻele. He nani kēlā me kēia ʻano i kona ʻano ponoʻī, akā ʻokoʻa nā mea āpau i ka ʻike mai ka papa mele.
Ka paʻakikī i ka ʻike
ʻO ka iʻa unpretentious, kahi koho maikaʻi no ka novar aquarist, hāʻawi ʻia e mālama ʻia me nā iʻa nui a i ʻole ʻo ia wale nō.
ʻAʻole hiki i ka palena wai a me ka mahana, hiki iā lākou ke noho i loko o nā aquarium me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomehana wai. ʻAi lākou i nā ʻano meaʻai like ʻole.
ʻOluʻolu loa lākou me nā hoanoho o ka nui like, akā e hoʻomanaʻo e hakakā nā kāne i ka make me kekahi.
Mālama wale ʻia nā kāne a i ʻole me ka wahine e pono ai nā hale hoʻomalu.
He unpretentious loa ʻo Macropod a he makemake maikaʻi kona, kahi e lilo ai i iʻa maikaʻi loa no ka poʻe hoʻomaka, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka waiho wale ʻana. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻae nō ia i nā palena wai like ʻole.
I ke kūlohelohe, noho lākou i nā biotopes like ʻole, mai nā kahawai kahe lohi a hiki i nā ʻauwai i nā muliwai nui o nā kahawai.
ʻO ka hopena, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomanawanui i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa, no ka laʻana, nā aquarium me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomehana, a noho i nā loko i ke kauwela.
Koho pono i kāu iʻa. ʻO ka makemake e hānai i nā lau kala like ʻole i ka hopena pinepine ʻole i ka iʻa me ke kala a olakino hoʻi.
ʻO nā iʻa āu e koho ai he ʻōlinolino, hana a kaʻawale mai nā kīnā.
Hanai ana
I ke kūlohelohe, omnivorous lākou, ʻoiai makemake lākou i ka meaʻai holoholona e kanu. ʻAi lākou i ka iʻa a me nā meaola liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona hoihoi - i kekahi manawa hoʻāʻo lākou e lele i waho o ka wai i ka hoʻāʻo e hopu i kahi mea hiki ke hōʻeha ʻia.
I loko o ka aquarium, hiki iā ʻoe ke hānai i nā flakes, nā pellets, nā meaʻai cockerel. Akā he mea nui e hoʻokaʻawale i kāu papaʻai, a me ka palena ʻole i nā meaʻai kuni wale nō.
ʻO kahi meaʻai ola a paʻahau kahi koho maikaʻi loa no ka hānai ʻana. Bloodworms, tubifex, cortetra, brine shrimp, ʻai ʻo ia i nā mea āpau.
Hiki i ka ʻai nui, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hānai ʻana i ʻelua mau manawa i ka lā i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi.
Ka mālama ʻana i loko o ka aquarium
Hiki ke mālama hoʻokahi ʻia kahi kāne makua i loko o ka aquarium o 20 liters, a no kekahi iʻa a i ʻole kekahi mau iʻa mai 40, ʻoiai ke noho kūleʻa nei lākou a i nā puke liʻiliʻi, ua ʻapi a ʻaʻole paha e ulu i ko lākou nui.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ke kanu paʻa ʻana i ka aquarium me nā mea kanu a hana i nā hale ʻokoʻa i hiki i ka wahine ke peʻe mai ke kāne. Eia kekahi, pono e uhi ʻia ka aquarium, he poʻe lele lele maikaʻi nā macropods.
ʻAe hoʻomanawanui lākou i ka mahana o ka wai (16 a 26 ° C), hiki iā lākou ke noho i nā aquarium me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomehana ʻana i ka wai. Hiki ke loli ākea ka acidity a me ka paʻakikī o ka wai.
ʻAʻole lākou makemake i ke au ikaika i nā aquarium, no laila pono e kau ʻia ka kānana i ʻole e hoʻopilikia ka iʻa i kēia au.
I ke kūlohelohe, noho pinepine lākou i nā loko wai liʻiliʻi, he mau mika kūlike, kahi o lākou ko lākou ʻāina ponoʻī a pale iā ia mai nā ʻohana.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana i kahi pālua e hōʻalo ai i nā hakakā ma waena o nā kāne. No ka wahine, pono ʻoe e hana i nā puʻuhonua a kanu i ka aquarium me nā mea kanu, ʻoiai ke alualu mau nei ke kāne iā ia.
E hoʻomanaʻo i ka piʻi pinepine ʻana o ka macropod i ka ʻili no ka oxygen a pono ke komo manuahi, keakea ʻole ʻia e nā mea kanu lana.
Hoʻohālikelike
Akamai a pīhoihoi ʻo Macropod, lilo ia i kamaʻāina hoihoi loa i ka aquarium, kahi hoihoi e nānā.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ia kekahi o nā iʻa labyrinth ikaika loa. Ulu maikaʻi nā ʻōpio, akā i ka hiki ʻana i ke oʻo, hele a kolohe nā kāne a hoʻonohonoho i nā hakakā me nā kāne ʻē aʻe, e like me ko lākou ʻohana - ka moa.
E mālama kaʻawale nā kāne a i ʻole ka wahine i loko o ka aquarium me nā wahi hūnā no ka wahine.
Hiki iā lākou ke iʻa nui no ka poʻe hoʻomaka, akā i ka ʻoihana kūpono wale nō.
Ua like lākou me nā moa i ka hana, a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka mālama ʻana i nā macropods, he ʻano kaua kēia mau ʻano labyrinth ʻelua a paʻakikī e loaʻa nā hoanoho kūpono no lākou.
Mālama maikaʻi wale ʻia a me nā laha nui ʻole kūpikipiki.
Maluhia nā kamaʻāina maikaʻi loa i ke ʻano a ʻaʻole like me ka iʻa macropod. ʻO kahi laʻana, gourami, zebrafish, barbs, tetras, ancistrus, synodontis, acanthophthalmus.
Hōʻalo i nā iʻa me nā peʻa lōʻihi. He hopu ʻino nā Macropods, a ʻai i ka aquarium me lākou e ola ʻole.
I loko o kahi aquarium maʻamau, pono ka iʻa e kaohi i nā mea āpau, a inā aia kekahi ʻano e like me ka like, ʻaʻole hiki ke alo aʻe i nā hakakā. Akā i ka nui e pili ana i ke ʻano, no ka mea, nui nā macropod e noho nei i nā aquarium maʻamau a mai hoʻopilikia i kekahi.
Hiki i nā wahine ke hui pū me kekahi me ka pilikia ʻole. Kūpono hoʻi lākou no nā aquarium i kaʻana like ʻia, ke hāʻawi ʻole nā pākana a nui a lawa ʻole. Mālama maikaʻi loa ʻia me nā iʻa i ʻoi aku ka nui a ʻaʻole kūpikipiki.
ʻOkoʻa moekolohe
ʻOi aku ka nui o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine, ʻoi aku ka ʻōniʻoniʻo o ka momona a me nā wili lōʻihi.
Hoʻopiʻi hou
E like me ka nui o nā labyrinth, kūkulu ka iʻa i kahi pūnana mai nā huʻa ea ma luna o ka wai. ʻAʻole paʻakikī ka hoʻoulu ʻana, ʻoiai me kahi ʻike iki hiki iā ʻoe ke palai.
Kūkulu pinepine ke kāne i kahi pūnana me ka hua, ma lalo o kahi lau kanu. Ma mua o ka hānai ʻana, pono ke kanu i nā kāne a hānai ʻia me nā meaʻai ola a i ʻole hau i nā manawa he nui i ka lā.
ʻO ka wahine, mākaukau no ka hanau ʻana, e hoʻopiha ʻia me ka caviar a poepoe i loko o ka ʻōpū. Inā ʻaʻole mākaukau ka wahine, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻaʻole e waiho iā ia a pili i ke kāne, no ka mea e alualu ʻo ia iā ia a make paha.
I loko o ka pahu huki (80 liters a ʻoi paha), pono e haʻahaʻa ka pae o ka wai, ma kahi o 15-20 cm.
ʻO nā palena wai e like me ka aquarium maʻamau, ʻo ka mahana wale nō e pono e hoʻonui ʻia i 26-29 C. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kau i kahi kānana kūloko liʻiliʻi, akā e liʻiliʻi ka kahe.
Pono e hoʻokomo i nā mea kanu i loko o nā wahi e hoʻomoana ai e hana i nā kumu lāʻau, no ka laʻana, hornwort, i hiki i ka wahine ke hūnā iā lākou.
I ka wā o ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pūnana a me ka hānau keiki, alualu ke kāne a kuʻi iā ia, a ʻo ka hopena paha ka make o ka iʻa. Mālama nā mea kanu lana e like me Riccia e hoʻopaʻa pū i ka pūnana a hoʻohui maikaʻi ʻia.
Ke hoʻopau ke kāne i ka pūnana, e hoʻokele ʻo ia i ka wahine iā ia. Hoʻopili ke kāne i ka wahine, ʻūlū iā ia a ʻuwī i nā hua a me ka waiū, a ma hope e wāwahi ka lua, a hāʻule ka wahine luhi i lalo. Hiki ke hana hou i kēia hana i nā manawa he nui a hiki i ka waiho ʻana o ka wahine i nā hua manu.
No ka hoʻoulu ʻana, hiki i nā hua he 500 ke kiʻi ʻia. ʻOi aku ka māmā o nā hua Macropod ma mua o ka wai a lana i loko o ka punana e lākou iho. Inā ua heleleʻi kekahi mai ka pūnana mai, ʻohiʻohi ke kāne a hoʻihoʻi iā ia i hope.
E kiaʻi kiaʻi ʻo ia i ka pūnana a hiki i ka pā ʻana o ka pua. I kēia manawa, huhū loa ke kāne, a pono e hemo koke ka wahine ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, inā ʻaʻole ia e pepehi iā ia.
Ka manawa o ka puka o ka fry kaukaʻi ʻia i ka mahana, ma ka maʻamau mai 30 a 50 mau hola, akā hiki iā 48-96. ʻO ka palaho o ka pūnana he hōʻailona ia e pua ai ka ʻai.
Ma hope o kēlā, pono e hemo i ke kāne, hiki iā ia ke ʻai i kāna ʻai ponoʻī.
ʻAi ʻia ka ʻai i nā ciliate a me nā microworms a hiki i kā lākou ke ʻai i ka nauplii ʻōpala.
