Ke ulu nei ka ulu lāʻau ulu nui Ayan ulu i ka nahelehele a hiki i 60 m, akā ʻoi aku ka pōkole (a hiki i 35 m) ke ulu ʻia e nā kānaka ma nā pāka ʻāina. ʻO ka homeland o ka spruce nā kuahiwi o waena o Iapana, nā palena mauna o Kina me Kōlea ʻĀkau a me Siberia. Ulu nā kumulāʻau ma ka awelika 40 cm i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻOi aku ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka girth, ma ka maʻamau 4 cm i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Paʻa paʻakikī ʻo Ayansk spruce, pale kū i ka hau (ka palena o ke kūpaʻa hau mai -40 a -45 ° C). ʻAʻole hāʻule nā nila kuʻi i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa, pua mai Mei a Iune, pala nā ʻoka i Kepakemapa-ʻOkakopa. ʻO kēia ʻano he monoecious (ʻokoʻa ke kala - kāne a wahine paha, akā ulu nā ʻano ʻelua o ke kala ma ka mea kanu hoʻokahi), pollination ʻia e ka makani.
Kūpono ka spruce no ka ulu ʻana ma ka mālam (one), waena (loamy) a me nā lepo kaumaha (pālolo) a ulu ma ka lepo momona. PH kūpono: nā waikawa acidic a me nā kūlike ʻole, ʻaʻole e nalo ma nā ʻāina ʻakika loa.
ʻAʻole ulu ʻo Ayan spruce i ka malu. Makemake i ka lepo momona. ʻAe ka mea kanu i ka ikaika, akā ʻaʻole ka makani kai. Make i ka wā e haumia ka lewa.
Ka wehewehe o ayan spruce
ʻO ke anawaena o ka pahu i ka pae o ka umauma kanaka a hiki i 100 knm. ʻO ka ʻāhinahina hina-ʻeleʻele, ʻāwīwī a hū ʻia hoʻi. Pālahalaha keʻokeʻo a ʻoluʻolu nā lālā. ʻO nā pale o ka lau he 0.5 mm ka lōʻihi. ʻO nā nila, ʻili, laina, pālahalaha, heʻe iki ma luna o nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua, 15-25 mm ka lōʻihi, 1.5-2 mm ākea, kikoʻi, me ʻelua mau kaha keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻaoʻao luna.
Hoʻokahi nā cones hua, cylindrical, brown, 4-7 cm ka lōʻihi, 2 cm ma ʻō. ʻO nā unahi hua he ovate a i ʻole oblong-ovate, me kahi ʻōpala ākea a pōʻai paha, kau ʻia ma ke kaʻe o luna, 10 mm ka lōʻihi, 6-7 mm ākea. ʻO nā ʻāpana ma lalo o nā unahi o nā ʻone, he liʻiliʻi ia, he ovate liʻiliʻi, kūpikipiki, serrated iki ma ka lihi o luna, 3 mm ka lōʻihi. ʻO nā hua he ovoid, brown, 2-2.5 mm ka lōʻihi, 1.5 mm ākea; nā āpau he oblong-ovate, ʻeleʻele pale, 5-6 mm ka lōʻihi, 2-2.5 mm ākea.
Hoʻolahalaha a me ke kaiaola o ayan spruce
ʻElua mau ʻāpana ʻāina o kēia spruce ʻē aʻe, a kekahi mau mea kākau i manaʻo ai he mau ʻano, a ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe he mau ʻāpana kaʻawale.
ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o Picea jezoensis jezoensis i loko o kāna pae.
He kakaikahi ʻo Picea jezoensis hondoensis, e ulu ana i kahi heluna kanaka i nā kuahiwi kiʻekiʻe o Honshu waena.
ʻO Picea jezoensis hondoensis
ʻO Ayan spruce, ka mea maoli i Iapana, ulu i nā ululāʻau subalpine ma nā Kurile Hema, Honshu a me Hokkaido. I Kina, ulu ia i ka panalāʻau ʻo Heilongjiang. I Lūkia, ʻike ʻia ia ma ka Teritori Ussuriysk, Sakhalin, nā Kurile a me Central Kamchatka, ma ka ʻākau hikina mai ke kahakai o ke kai ʻo Okhotsk a Magadan.
Hoʻohana Spruce i ka ʻoihana
I ka Lūkia Hikina hikina a me ka ʻākau o Iapana, hoʻohana ʻia ka spruce ayan no ka hana ʻana i ka lāʻau a me ka pepa. Palupalu ka wahie, māmā, kūpaʻa, maʻalahi. Hoʻohana ʻia ia no nā mea hoʻonani o loko, nā lako, kūkulu a me ka hana chipboard. ʻO nā kumulāʻau he nui i ʻoki pinepine ʻole ʻia mai nā ululāʻau kūlohelohe ʻole. ʻO Ayan spruce kahi ʻano laha ʻole i komo i loko o ka Red Book.
Hoʻohana i ka lāhui a me ka gastronomy
Nā ʻāpana ʻai: ke kala, nā ʻanoʻano, kēpau, ʻili i loko.
ʻAi maka ʻia a hoʻolapalapa ʻia paha nā inflorescences kāne ʻōpio. Hoʻomoʻa ʻia nā cones wahine ʻōlohelohe, ʻono a mānoanoa ka ʻaoʻao waena ke hoʻomoʻa ʻia. ʻO ka ʻiʻo o loko Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a nā wana ʻōpio e hana i kahi tī hōʻoluʻolu i waiwai ʻia i ka huaora C.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka kēpau mai ke kumu o ka spruce ayan no nā kumu lāʻau. Loaʻa ka tanin i ka ʻili, aila nui mai nā lau.
