Pili ka boletus i ka genus o nā fungus i ka ʻohana Boletaceae. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona nui o ke kino o ka pākeke ka protrusions liʻiliʻi paʻakikī (scrapers), hāʻawi lākou i kahi ʻano paʻakikī i nā wāwae. Hoʻolahalaha nui ka moʻomeheu boletus, keu hoʻi i nā wahi akau akau, a pili pū me he 75 mau ʻano.
Makemake nā mea ʻohi Mushroom i kēia huluhulu no kona helehelena, a ʻaʻole wale no ka hiki ke kuke i nā kīʻaha. Mahalo lākou i ka mānoanoa a me ka ikaika o ka pulp, haʻahaʻa i ka worminess.
Pehea e hoʻoholo ai i kahi mushroom kahi boletus
Mākaukau ka wāwae, paʻa ka kino o ka hake, ʻulaʻula ka pāpale. ʻOno ka ʻono o ka mushroom, ʻai. ʻAʻole nā kamale a pau i nā pae o ke ola e hoʻololi i ko lākou helehelena. Akā ʻokoʻa nā hiʻohiʻona ʻōpio a me nā elemakule o boletus. He pāpale ko nā kamalā ʻōpio, i "huki ʻia" ma luna o ka wāwae kolamu. Hoʻopili piha ia i ke kumu. I nā pulupulu mākua, ua like ka pāpale a me ka wāwae i ka "fungi" i hoʻouka ʻia i nā kahua pāʻani. Ākea ka pāpale, pale i ka wāwae mai ka ua a me ka lā.
Nā kala pāpale
Hōʻalo i nā boletus boletus kahiko kahi i hoʻololi loa ai ka malu o ka pāpale. Hoʻololi ka ʻili o ka pāpale mai ka pulu a paʻakikī hoʻi i ka momona a i ʻole ka maloʻo, mai ka manaʻo a me ka granular i ka pā. Pākaʻi ka pāpale. Hoʻololi ke kala, no ka mea, he mau mea ola nā mushroom a ʻaʻole lākou e hahai mau i nā kānāwai encyclopedic! Akā i ka laulā, he ʻano kūlike ke ʻano o ka boletus.
ʻO ka pāpale i nā momona momona ʻaʻole hiki i ka infestation parasite ke ʻalani-ʻula, a 20 cm ke anawaena. He keʻokeʻo ka pulp, ʻo nā pūnaewele o ka pōʻino kahi burgundy mua, a laila lilo i hina a me ka poni-ʻeleʻele. ʻO ka lalo o ka pāpale he mau pores keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ke haki.
Ka wāwae
ʻO 10-18 knm kona kiʻekiʻe, ʻo 2-3 cm ka mānoanoa, ma hope o ka hōʻino loaʻa iā ia kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO nā wāwae boletus olakino he mau wāwae keʻokeʻo me nā wana pōkole, paʻa, a ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele hoʻi me ka ʻelemakule. ʻAʻole makaʻu kēlā ʻano loli kala, ʻo kēia ka maʻa mau no boletus. ʻAʻohe i loko o ka Black ka waikawa hydrocyanic a i ʻole nā lāʻau ʻona ʻē aʻe, palekana ia no nā kānaka ke hoʻomākaukau pono ʻia a kuke ʻia.
E komo hohonu ka wāwae i lalo i ka lepo, aia ka ʻaoʻao nui ma luna o ka honua, ʻaʻole naʻe nā mea āpau. No laila, i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ʻokiʻoki i ka wāwae a kokoke i ka honua i hiki, a wili paha i ka mushroom i luna e hāpai aʻe ma luna o ka ʻili, e hoʻāʻo nei ʻaʻole e hōʻino i ka mycelium.
He aha nā ʻano o ka boletus ma laila
ʻO nā momona aspen hoihoi loa:
- melemele-ʻeleʻele;
- paina;
- ulaʻula;
- ʻoka;
- pena-wāwae.
ʻEleʻele-ʻeleʻele (Leccinum versipelle; melemele-ʻeleʻele) boletus
Yellow-brown (ʻulaʻula-ʻeleʻele) boletus
ʻAi ʻia kēia mushroom maʻamau ke hoʻomākaukau pono ʻia. ʻOhi maʻamau ma Finilana a me nā wahi e pili ana. ʻIke ʻia ia ma lalo o nā birch mai Iulai a Nowemapa, ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka wela a laila ʻeleʻele ia. ʻO kēia ka ʻano mua o ka mushroom, hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka ʻohi ma ka hoʻomaka o Iune.
Kūkulu ākea ka pāpale kolohe, ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ʻulaʻula brick, e ulu ana a 20 cm ke anawaena. ʻO ka pulp o kahi mushroom pala mai ka keʻokeʻo a i ka poni, huli i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ke ʻoki ʻia, keu hoʻi i ke koʻokoʻo. ʻEleʻele nā spores. ʻO ka lāʻau paʻakikī keʻokeʻo o ka fungus he lōʻihi a pololei, uhi ʻia me nā unahi ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka boletus melemele-ʻeleʻele he mea ʻawaʻawa maʻamau (ke kumu o ka nausea a me ka luaʻi) inā ʻaʻole pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia me ka thermally: pono ke palai a paila paha no 15-20 mau minuke. E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, ʻeleʻele ka mushroom ke wela.
ʻO Pine boletus (foxy bolete)
Pine boletus
ʻAʻohe hele iki kēia mau ʻalalā ma kahi o ka poʻe koho ʻalalaha ʻike ʻole. ʻIke nā mea ʻimi holoholona hake i ʻike ʻia e ko lākou hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona a ʻaʻole huikau me nā ʻano ʻāʻā.
ʻO ka pāpale ma luna he brick a chestnut paha me ka malu o ka ʻulaʻula, a 10 cm ke anawaena. Keʻokeʻo nā gills a me nā pores; ma hope o ka hōʻino ʻana hina lākou. Uhi ʻia ka wāwae me nā unahi keʻokeʻo a i 4 cm ke anawaena. Huli i ʻulaʻula a ʻeleʻele i ka wā e hōʻike ʻia.
Keʻokeʻo ka pulp. Ma ka pāpale, ke kaomi ʻia, huli ʻula ka wahi ʻino i ke kumu, loaʻa iā ia kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ma ka waena o ke kumu he ʻulaʻula ka waina.
ʻO Hat Boletus Hat
ʻIke ʻia ʻo Pine boletus ma lalo o nā lāʻau paina i nā ulu lāʻau coniferous a me nā lāʻau i kāwili ʻia. ʻAʻole ulu kēia boletus ma lalo o nā lāʻau aspen. ʻOi aku ka momona o ka mycelium i ke alo o nā wahi i uhi ʻia me ka limu.
Hōʻiliʻili ʻia ʻo Pine boletus mai Iulai a i ka hopena o ʻOkakopa. ʻO ka hopena o Kepakemapa, ʻo ka hoʻomaka o ʻOkakopa ka manawa hua nui loa.
ʻAʻohe mea weliweli, wahaheʻe, lāʻau ʻino polina ʻino. Kālua ka poʻe a hoʻolapalapa i kēia mau ʻalalā, ka mar maru aspen mushroom.
Red Boletus (Leccinum aurantiacum)
Boletus ʻulaʻula
Loaʻa lākou i nā ululāʻau o ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika Hema a me ʻAsia a he kino nui ko lākou no ka boletus.
ʻAlani ʻulaʻula ka pāpale, a 20 cm ke anawaena. He keʻokeʻo ka pulp, burgundy i nā wahi o nā hōʻino, a laila hina, ʻeleʻele poni. ʻO ka lalo o ka pāpale he mau pores keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ke ʻokiʻoki. He keʻokeʻo ka wāwae, 10-18 cm ke kiʻekiʻe, 2-3 cm ka mānoanoa, ke loaʻa iā ia i kahi aniani bluish. ʻEliuli a ʻeleʻele paha nā peduncles ʻeleʻele a paʻakikī me ka makahiki.
Hāpai ka Leccinum aurantiacum i nā hua i ke kauwela a me ke kau i nā ululāʻau ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ka pilina ma waena o ka fungus a me ka lāʻau hoʻokipa koʻu mycorrhizal. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, pili ka mushroom me nā popla, akā loaʻa kēia mau boletus ma waena o nā lāʻau ʻoka a me nā lāʻau deciduous ʻē aʻe, e like me ka beech, birch, chestnut, willow.
Hoʻomoʻa ʻia kēia mushroom e like me nā boletus ʻai. ʻEʻeleʻele kaʻiʻo boletus ʻula ke kuke. E like me ka nui o nā ʻano Boletaceae ʻē aʻe, aloha nā fungi overripe i nā kolo a moe i nā larvae i loko o lākou. Inā ʻaʻole moʻa i ka hoʻokō ʻana me ka ʻenehana, ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ka luaʻi aspen boletus ka luaʻi, loaʻa nā pilikia digestive.
ʻOka boletus (Leccinum quercinum)
Hāpai kēia mushroom i nā hua ma hope o nā lāʻau ʻoka mai Iune a i mua o ʻOkakopa i nā ʻohana liʻiliʻi.
Loaʻa nā hiʻohiʻona ʻōpio i kahi pāpala-ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ka pāpale brown, 5-15 cm ma ʻō, kahi ʻano o ke kinipōpō, "kikoʻī" ma ka wāwae. Me ka makahiki, lawe ka pāpale o Leccinum quercinum i ke ʻano o ka uluna, me ka ʻelemakule e pālahalaha ʻia. Hōʻalo i nā ʻulā kahiko me kahi pāpale pālahalaha. ʻAʻole ʻeli ke kanaka i ka protein i hana ʻia i loko o ke kino oak o boletus oak.
Kūpilikiʻi ka ʻili o ka pāpale i nā kūlana onaona, mau māwae i nā lā wela. ʻO ka hua hua keʻokeʻo hina keʻokeʻo, me ka haki, ʻike ʻia nā kiko hina ʻeleʻele. Ma hope koke iho huli ke kahua o ka ʻeha i polū-poni, a laila ʻeleʻele uliuli.
Uhi ʻia nā unahi palaunu huluhulu i ka ʻili o ke koʻokoʻo. Paʻa kāna ʻano. Piʻi ka wāwae a 15 cm, anawaena a 5 cm, ulu hohonu i ka lepo, mānoanoa ma lalo.
Boletus boletus (Harrya chromapes)
Boletus i hoʻoluʻu ʻia
Loaʻa lākou i nā ululāʻau, kahi e hana ai lākou i ka pili mycorrhizal me nā lāʻau deciduous a me coniferous.
Loaʻa nā hua i nā pāpale poni ʻulaʻula i ka wā ʻōpio, me nā makahiki e loaʻa iā lākou kahi kala ʻalani a ʻalani paha. I ka wā mua, he convex nā pāpale, a laila pālahalaha ʻia, e kiʻi ana i ke anawaena o 3 a 15 cm. Ua maloʻo ka ʻili a palu iki paha. I ke oʻo ʻana, ʻōwili ka luna pāpale i luna. Keʻokeʻo ka ʻiʻo a ʻaʻole polu i ka wā i hōʻino ʻia. ʻAʻohe ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa a ʻono paha i ka boletus boletus wāwae wāwae.
ʻO nā pores ma ka lalo o ka pāpale keʻokeʻo, keʻokeʻo ʻulaʻula i ka oʻo ʻana o nā spores. Poepoe a huina paha nā pores o kēlā me kēia, ʻelua a ʻekolu paha ma ka millimeter ko lākou helu.
He pika ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha kā ka koʻokoʻo mānoanoa, mai keʻokeʻo a i ka ʻulaʻula, melemele ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka lalo. ʻO ka wāwae he 4-14 cm ka lōʻihi, 1-2.5 knm ka mānoanoa.ʻO ia ka laulā like ma kona lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa a i ʻole hāiki paha i ka pāpale a i ʻole kokoke ka honua. ʻO ka papa o nā wāwae i kahi ʻano maʻalahi.
ʻAi nā hū, akā ʻānai pinepine nā mea kolo iā lākou me nā ʻūlū.
Aia kekahi boletus wahaheʻe
I ke kūlohelohe, ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā boletus wahaheʻe. I kekahi manawa huikau lākou i ka boletus maʻamau a i ʻole mushroom ʻawaʻawa (gall mushroom) me kēia mau momona. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā laha ʻaʻole e pouli nā lāʻau birch ma ke kahua o ka pōʻino. Eia kekahi, he ʻulaʻula melemele a i ʻole nā huluhulu ʻulaʻula ko boletus boletus, ʻaʻole ʻulaʻula a kala ʻulaʻula hoʻi e like me boletus boletus.
Ma hea a i ke kau hea e ulu ai ʻo boletus
ʻIke ʻia nā huaal i nā hua i ke kauwela a me ke kauwela i nā ululāʻau ma waena o ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ka pilina ma waena o ka mushroom boletus a me ka lāʻau hoʻokipa he mycorrhizal. I ʻEulopa, pili mau kēia mushroom me nā popla. ʻIke ʻia ʻo Boletus ma waena o nā lāʻau ʻoka a me nā lāʻau deciduous ʻē aʻe, e like me ka beech, birch, chestnut, willow, aspen. ʻAʻole ulu ʻo Boletus ma lalo o nā conifers ma ʻEulopa. I nā anuanu anuanu o Rūsia a me ʻAmelika Hema, ulu nā ʻalalā aspen i nā ulu lāʻau coniferous a deciduous.
Kuhi ka inoa o ka ʻūlū i kēia mau ʻalalā e makemake e hoʻokumu i kahi pilina mycorrhizal me nā aspens. Akā ʻaʻole pēlā. ʻAe, ʻike pinepine ʻia lākou ma lalo o kēia mau kumulāʻau, akā ʻo ka laulā o nā ʻano boletus e hōʻike nei ua hoʻololi ka lāhui i nā kūlana o ke ola.
ʻAʻole pili ka boletus melemele-ʻeleʻele i aspen, makemake ʻo ia e noho ma kahi o nā birches. Ke ulu nei ka boletus poʻo ʻulaʻula i ka ulu aspen a ma kahi o nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole picky ka fungus i nā makahiki o ka nahele. Ulu ia i nā ulu ulu ʻōpio a me nā ululāʻau kahiko i hoʻokumu pono ʻia. ʻIke pinepine ʻia ʻo Boletus ma waena o nā ferns a me nā mauʻu mauʻu holly.
Ma mua, ua manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia hāʻule ka wā ulu boletus i ke kauwela-kauwela. Ua hoʻololi i ka pakuhi ulu ka loli. I kēia mau lā, ua loaʻa nā mushroom i ka hopena o Mei.
ʻO ʻAukake ka manawa kūpono no ke koho ʻana i ka boletus ma Lūkia. I kēia manawa, hōʻiliʻili ka poʻe ʻohi mushroom i nā lāhui maʻamau - ka boletus poʻo ʻulaʻula. Wehe kēia hulu i ke kau hopu holoholona o boletus. ʻO ke kolu a me ka nalu hope loa o ka ʻohiʻohi ʻana i ka wā mua o ke kau. I ka hopena o ke kau - i ka hoʻomaka o Nowemapa, paʻakikī i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā hua ʻōpio, a he mau kolamu o nā ʻelala nā kūpuna kahiko a paʻakikī hoʻi no ka ʻohi ʻana a me ka paʻakai ʻana.
ʻO ka waiwai culinary o boletus
ʻO kēia kahi ʻano punahele o ka mushroom e kuke ai ma ka home. Hoʻomākaukau nā mākaukau Culinary i nā hale hana hoʻomoʻa i boletus, e like me nā momona momona. No ke kino o ke kanaka, e pili ana i ka maikaʻi a me ka waiwai o ka meaʻai, ʻo kēia ka lua ma hope o nā hua porcini. Eʻeleʻele kaʻiʻo boletus ke kuke.
Ma muli o ka nui o nā lāʻau make a me nā pilikia me ka ʻike ʻano, ʻike ʻia kekahi ʻano boletus ma ʻEulopa ʻaʻole palekana no ka ʻai ʻana. I Lūkia, ʻaʻole nā hopohopo e hopohopo, palai lākou, baila ʻia, paʻakai ʻia, hoʻomaloʻo ʻia no ke kuke ʻana i ka hoʻoilo. ʻO nā māka i hoʻomoʻa ʻole ʻia a i ʻole undersalted ke kumu o ka luaʻi a i ʻole nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka digestion. Hoʻokumu ʻo Boletus boletus i ka nausea ke ʻai maka ʻia.
Hoʻomoʻa ʻia nā kamalā aspen ʻōpio i nā ʻano like ʻole, hoʻomaloʻo ʻia nā mea kahiko, wāwahi ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia me he mea ʻala inā maikaʻi ʻole ka ʻohi.
ʻAʻole kūpono kēia mau ʻalalā no ka kuke pū ʻana me nā ʻano momi ʻē aʻe ma muli o ka mānoanoa o ka pulp. ʻAʻole i kuke ʻia nā pūhaka Aspen ke mākaukau mua nā ʻalalā ʻē aʻe no ka ʻai ʻana.
Nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā hōʻino o boletus no ke olakino
Loaʻa i ka boletus kahi nui o ka protein a me ka fiber, nā micro a me nā mea macro, pono lākou a momona koke. Minamina, lawe wikiwiki ʻia ka protein holoholona, akā ʻo ka boletus boletus he mau amino acid koʻikoʻi, a loaʻa iā lākou me ka uku ʻole, pono ʻoe e hoʻolilo i ka manawa ma waho e ʻohi ai, kahi mea maikaʻi no ke kino.
ʻO nā wikamina A, E, C, PP, ka hui B i loko o kahi ʻano bioavailable i ka pulupulu boletus. Pono ka paʻakai, ka potassium, ka hao a me ka manganese no nā mea āpau a me nā ʻōnaehana o ke kino o ke kanaka.
Inā ʻohi ʻoe i nā momoma mai nā hale ʻoihana, a laila ʻaʻole lawe kēia mau ʻalalā i mea ʻino i kahi kanaka olakino. Hoʻohana ka poʻe me ka puʻupaʻa, ʻōnaehana digestive a me nā pilikia o ke ake me ka akahele, e like me nā meaʻai protein kiʻekiʻe.
Inā loaʻa nā pilikia olakino, a laila ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻohana i ka mushroom iho, akā ʻo ka pala o ka boletus. Ma waho, he mea like ia me ka potion o ka wahine hoʻokalakupua, ʻeleʻele a ʻāpua, akā i ka manawa like he hopena maikaʻi ia ma ka gastrointestinal tract, ʻaʻole e hoʻonāukiuki i ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻōpū.
