ʻO ka lewa holoʻokoʻa ma luna o ka honua mai nā ʻĀkau ʻākau a i nā tropics, mai ke kahakai a hiki i nā mauna pōhaku e noho ʻia e nā manu. ʻOi kēia ʻano o ka honua holoholona i ʻoi aku ma mua o 9000 mau ʻano, kahi i loaʻa i kā lākou wahi noho, kahi e kūpono ai nā kūlana no kekahi a i ʻole kekahi o nā ʻano manu.
No laila, i loko o nā ululāʻau pāpū o ka honua nui ka nui o nā laha e pono ai ke aniau mehana a me nā kumuwaiwai mau o ka meaʻai. ʻAʻohe kau anuanu ma aneʻi, hāʻawi ka mahana wela mau i ka fecundity maikaʻi o nā manu a me ka hoʻoluʻolu hānau o nā keiki.
ʻO nā wahi noho nui o nā manu
I nā kenekulia i hala aku nei, uhi ʻia ka ʻāina ʻo ʻEulopa me nā ululāʻau nui. Hāʻawi kēia i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā ʻano manu o ka nahele e hoʻomalu nei iā ʻEulopa i kēia lā. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou e neʻe nei, e neʻe nei i ka wā anuanu i ka tropic a me nā subtropics. ʻO ka mea kupaianaha, hoʻi mau nā manu neʻe i ko lākou ʻāina ponoʻī, e hana ana i nā pūnana a me nā pua hānau ma ka home wale nō. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ala neʻe e pili pono i nā pono kaiaola o kekahi ʻano. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻaʻole e kū nā geese moa, nā puaʻa, nā ʻāpō i ko lākou ala a hiki i ka palena o ka hau ʻana o nā kino wai.
ʻO nā wahi noho maikaʻi ʻole ʻia o nā manu i manaʻo ʻia he mau kia a me nā wao nahele o ka honua: ʻo nā manu wale nō ke ola ma aneʻi, nona ke ʻano o ke ola a me ka meaʻai e hiki ai ke hōʻoia i ka hānau ʻana o nā keiki i kūpono i nā kūlana o ke aniau.
Ka hopena o ka hana hoʻokele waiwai kanaka ma nā wahi noho manu
Wahi a nā helu a nā ornithologists, i loko o nā kenekulia ʻelua i hala aku nei ma kahi o 90 mau ʻano manu i nalowale ma ka Honua, ua hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o nā mea ʻē aʻe i kahi mau kakini a aia lākou i ka lihi o ka make. Ua kōkua ʻia kēia e:
- ka hopu holoholona ʻole ʻana a me ka hopu ʻana i nā manu no ke kūʻai aku.
- e mahi ana i ka ʻāina puʻupaʻa;
- wao nahele;
- kahe o nā kahawai;
- haumia o nā kino wai hāmama me nā huahana aila a me nā ʻōpala ʻoihana;
- ka ulu ʻana o nā megalopolises;
- hoʻonui i ka huakaʻi ea.
Ma ka hōʻino ʻana i ke kūpaʻa o nā kaiaolaola kūloko ma o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana, ka noho ʻana, pololei a i ʻole ʻole, e alakaʻi i ka nalo hapa a piha paha o kēia ʻāpana o ka honua holoholona. ʻO kēia, ke alakaʻi aku nei i nā hopena i hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia - kahi ulu ʻana o nā ʻūhini, ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o nā makika malaria, a pēlā aku hoʻi ad infinitum.
