I ka hema o ka ʻāpana o nā wao nahele arctic aia kahi wahi maikaʻi maikaʻi ʻole me ka nahele ʻole, ke kauwela lōʻihi a me ka mehana - tundra. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia aniau nani loa a keʻokeʻo pinepine ka hau. Hiki i nā anuanu hoʻoilo i -50⁰С. ʻO ka hoʻoilo i ka tundra ma kahi o 8 mau mahina; aia kekahi pō polar. ʻOkoʻa ke ʻano o ka tundra, ua hoʻololi ʻia kēlā me kēia mea kanu a me nā holoholona i ke aniau anuanu a me ka hau.
ʻO nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka tundra
- I ke kauwela pōkole, hoʻomehana ka papa tundra i ka awelika ma ka hapalua mika ka hohonu.
- Nui nā wahi kuʻi a me nā loko i loko o ka tundra, ʻoiai ka wai mai ka ʻili e lele mālie no ka haʻahaʻa mau o ka mahana.
- Aia kekahi ʻano like ʻole o ka limu i ka lau o ka tundra. E hoʻoheheʻe ka nui o ka lichen ma aneʻi; he meaʻai punahele ia na ka reindeer i nā hoʻoilo anuanu.
- Ma muli o nā hauʻeha nui, aia kekahi mau kumu lāʻau i kēia aniau, pinepine pinepine ʻia nā mea kanu tundra, no ka mea ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ka makani anuanu kokoke i ka honua.
- I ke kauwela, lele ka nui o nā swan, nā manuʻio, a me nā geese i ka tundra. Hoʻāʻo lākou e kiʻi koke i nā keiki i mea e loaʻa ai ka manawa e hānai keiki i mua o ka hiki ʻana o ka hoʻoilo.
- Ke mālama ʻia nei ka ʻimi no nā minelala, aila a me ka ʻaila i loko o ka tundra. ʻO ka ʻenehana a me ka lawe ʻana no ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka hana e hōʻino i ka lepo, a hiki i ka make ʻana o nā mea kanu, a he mea nui ia no ke ola o nā holoholona.
ʻO nā ʻano nui o ka tundra
Māhele pinepine ʻia ka tundra i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana:
- ʻO tundra Arctic.
- Tundra waena.
- Tundra Hema.
ʻO tundra Arctic
Hōʻike ʻia ka tundra arctic e nā hoʻoilo nui a me nā makani anuanu. Anuanu a anuanu ke kauwela. ʻOiai kēia, i ke ʻano arctic o ka tundra ola:
- nā sila;
- walrus;
- nā sila;
- Bea keʻokeʻo;
- bipi musk;
- ʻumiʻumi;
- ʻīlio hae;
- ʻAlopeke ʻ Artctic;
- ʻālepa
Aia ka hapa nui o kēia māhele i ka Arctic Circle. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o kēia ʻāina ʻaʻole ulu nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe. I ke kauwela hoʻoheheʻe hapa ka hau a hana i nā wahi liʻiliʻi.
Tundra waena
Uhi waena a ʻano like tundra paha i uhi ʻia me nā limu. Ulu ka nui o ka sedge i kēia aniau; makemake ka reindeer e hānai iā ia i ka hoʻoilo. No ka mea ʻoi aku ka mālie o ke aniau ma ka tundra waena ma mua o ka tundra arctic, ʻike ʻia nā birch dwarf a me nā wilou i loko ona. ʻO ka tundra waena ka home hoʻi o nā limu, nā laikini a me nā laʻalāʻau liʻiliʻi. Noho nā koʻokoʻo he nui ma aneʻi, ʻai nā pueo a me nā ʻalopeke arctic iā lākou. Ma muli o nā poho i ka tundra maʻamau, nui nā midges a me nā makika. No ka poʻe, hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻāina no ka hānau ʻana. ʻAʻole ʻae nā kau anuanu a me nā hoʻoilo i kahi mahiʻai ma aneʻi.
Tundra Hema
Kāhea ʻia ka tundra hema he "ululāʻau" no ka mea aia ia ma ka palena me ka wahi nahele. ʻOi aku ka mahana o kēia wahi ma mua o nā wahi ʻē aʻe. I ka mahina wela o ke kauwela, hiki ke anilā i + 12⁰С no kekahi mau pule. I ka hema hema, ulu kēlā me kēia lāʻau a ulu lāʻau o nā spruces ulu a Birch paha. ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka tundra nahele no nā kānaka ʻo ia ka hiki ke ulu i nā mea kanu, e like me ka ʻuala, kāpelu, ʻala a me nā aniani ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Ke ulu nei ʻo Yagel a me nā mea kanu punahele punahele ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka wikiwiki ma mua o nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka tundra, no laila makemake ʻo reindeer i nā panalāʻau hema.
Nā ʻatikala pili ʻē aʻe:
