ʻO ka huaʻōlelo ʻo "succession" he mea ia e hoʻololi mau ai i ke kaiāulu a me nā hana o ka ʻōnaehana kaiaola e kū nei ma muli o ka hopena o nā ʻano like ʻole. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka holomua e nā loli kūlohelohe a me ka mana o ke kanaka. Hoʻonohonoho mua kēlā me kēia kaiaolaola i ke ola o ka ʻōnaehana kaiaolaola hou a me kāna pau ʻana. He hana kūlohelohe kēia e kū ana ma muli o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka ikehu i ke kaiaolaola, nā hoʻololi i ka microclimate a me nā hoʻololi o ka biotope.
ʻO ke kumu o nā kūleʻa
ʻO ka holomua ka holomua holomua o kahi kaiaola. Hiki ke nānā ʻia ka kūliʻi e ʻike nui ʻia i ka laʻana o nā mea kanu; hōʻike ia iā ia iho i ka loli o nā mea kanu, nā loli i kā lākou haku ʻana a me ka pani o kekahi mau mea kanu me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i kēlā me kēia hope i nā hui nui ʻelua:
- ʻO ka hanauna mua.
- ʻĀlua.
ʻO ke kūmua ka makamua ka helu hoʻomaka mua, no ka mea aia ma nā wahi ola ʻole. I kēia mau lā, ʻaneʻane noho ʻia nā ʻāina āpau e nā kaiāulu like ʻole, no laila, ʻo ka puka ʻana o nā wahi manuahi mai nā mea ola he ʻano kūloko. ʻO nā laʻana o ka hana mua:
- ka noho ʻana o nā kaiāulu ma nā pōhaku;
- ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā ʻāina ʻokoʻa i ka wao akua.
I ko mākou manawa, kākaʻikahi ka hope mua, akā i kekahi manawa, ua hala kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o ka ʻāina i kēia pae.
Hope kūlana lua
Hana ʻia ke kūlana ʻelua a hoʻihoʻi hou paha i kahi i noho ʻia ma mua. Hiki ke kū kēlā ʻano kūlike i kēlā me kēia wahi a hōʻike iā ia iho ma kahi pālākiō ʻokoʻa. Nā laʻana o ka holomua:
- noho ʻana i ka nahele ma hope o ke ahi;
- hoʻonui i ka māla i haʻalele ʻia;
- ka noho ʻana o ka pūnaewele ma hope o kahi avalanche, nāna i luku i nā mea ola āpau ma ka lepo.
ʻO nā kumu o ka hope keu:
- ʻAhi nahele;
- wao nahele;
- e mahi ana i ka ʻāina;
- nā hālana;
- huaʻi pele.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana hope kekona piha ma kahi o 100-200 mau makahiki. Hoʻomaka ia ke ʻike ʻia nā mea kanu lāʻau makahiki ma nā kihi. Ma hope o 2-3 mau makahiki ua hoʻololi ʻia lākou e nā mauʻu mau, a laila ʻoi aku ka ikaika o nā hoʻokūkū - nā laʻalāʻau. ʻO ka pae hope loa ka puka ʻana o nā kumulāʻau. Ulu ʻo Aspen, spruce, pine a me ʻoka, kahi e hoʻopau ai i ke kaʻina o ka holomua. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hoʻopau hou ʻana o ke kaiaola kūlohelohe ma kēia pūnaewele.
Nā pae nui o ke kaʻina hana kūlia
ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka holomua e pili ana i ke ola o nā meaola i pili i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻihoʻi a hana ʻana paha i ke kaiaola. ʻO ka wikiwiki ka mea liʻiliʻi loa i nā kaiaolaola me ka predominance o nā mea kanu lau nahele, a ʻo ka lōʻihi loa i kahi ulu lāʻau coniferous a ʻoka paha. Nā kumu nui o ke kūlia:
- I ka pae mua, he mea nui ʻole ka like ʻole o ka lāhui; ke holo nei ka manawa, hoʻonui ʻia.
- Me ka hoʻomohala o ke kaʻina hana, hoʻonui nā pilina ma waena o nā meaola. Ulu pū nō hoʻi ka Symbiosis, lilo i nā mea paʻakai i mea paʻakikī.
- I ke kaʻina hana o ka consolidation the succession, hōʻemi ka helu o kēlā me kēia manu manuahi.
- Me kēlā me kēia pae o ka hoʻomohala, hoʻonui ka pilina o nā meaola i ke kaiaolaola e kū nei a loaʻa ke aʻa.
ʻO ka maikaʻi o ke kaiāulu kaiaola i hoʻokumu ʻia ma luna o kahi ʻōpio hiki iā ia ke kū i nā loli maikaʻi ʻole ma ke ʻano o nā hoʻololi o ke ana wela a me nā loli i ka momona. Hiki i ke kaiāulu i hana ʻia ke kū aʻe i ka haumia o ke kaiapuni. Hoʻomaopopo kēia i ka mea nui o nā kaiaola kūlohelohe a me ka makaʻu o ka hana ʻino ʻana i nā kaiaolaola. A ʻo ke kūpaʻa ʻana o kahi kaiāulu makua i nā mea pili kino, he mea nui ka hana ʻana o kahi kaiāulu hana no ke ola kanaka, no laila he mea nui e mālama i ke kaulike ma waena o lākou.
