ʻO nā ʻōpala hale paʻa (MSW) nā koena o ka meaʻai a me nā mea i hiki ʻole ke hoʻohana hou ʻia i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā. Aia i loko o ka hanana nā ʻōpala olaola a me nā ʻōpala o ka home. I kēlā me kēia makahiki ke piʻi nei ka nui o nā ʻōpala paʻa, no ka mea aia kekahi pilikia o ka hoʻolei ʻōpala i ka honua holoʻokoʻa.
Nā mea MSW
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka ʻōpala paʻa e nā ʻano like ʻole o ka haku mele a me ka heterogeneity. ʻO nā kumuwaiwai hana ʻōpala kahi hale, nā ʻoihana, nā pono a me nā pono ʻoihana. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hui ʻōpala paʻa e nā mea aʻe:
- nā huahana pepa a me nā pepa pepa;
- nā metala;
- palolo;
- ʻōpala meaʻai;
- nā huahana lāʻau;
- nā lole lole;
- nā pā aniani;
- kāpala a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻohui ʻia, aia kekahi mau mea weliweli i ke olakino e hōʻeha loa i ke kaiapuni. ʻO kēia nā paila, nā mea hoʻonaninani, nā pono uila a me nā pono o ka hale, nā mea make, nā ʻōpala lāʻau, nā pesticides, nā pena a me nā varnish, nā mea hoʻomomona, nā kemikū, nā mea i loaʻa i ka mercury. Hoʻokumu lākou i ka haumia o ka wai, ka lepo a me ka ea, a hoʻopōʻino hoʻi i ke olakino o nā mea ola.
Hoʻohana lua o ka ʻōpala paʻa
I mea e hōʻemi ai i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka ʻōpala paʻa i ke kaiapuni, makemake ʻia kekahi mau ʻōpala e hoʻohana hou ʻia. ʻO ka hana mua i kēia ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mea neoneo. ʻO ka nui o nā ʻōpala, 15% wale nō ka hoʻohana ʻole. No laila, hiki ke hōʻiliʻili ʻia a me ka hana hou ʻana i nā koena biodegradable e loaʻa ai nā kumuwaiwai ikehu e like me biogas. E hoʻēmi kēia i ka nui o nā ʻōpala i mea e hoʻohana ʻia ai i meaʻai no nā mea kanu mana e hoʻohana ana i nā mea kūlohelohe, e ʻae ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wahie ʻoluʻolu kūlohelohe.
ʻO nā hale hana kūikawā hana i nā ʻōpala o nā kumu like ʻole.
Hiki ke hana hou ʻia ka pepa pahu a me ka pepa, kahi e ʻohiʻohi ai ka poʻe a hāʻawi i ka pepa ʻōpala. Ma ka hana ʻana, ola ke ola o nā lāʻau. No laila, mālama ka 1 miliona mau pepa o ka pepa no ka hana ʻana ma kahi o 62 hectares o ka ulu lāʻau.
Hoʻohui ʻia, hiki ke hana hou ʻia ke aniani. E pili ana i ke kumukūʻai kālā, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hana hou ʻana i kahi ʻōmole aniani i hoʻohana mua ʻia ma mua o ka hana ʻana i kahi hou. ʻO kahi laʻana, mālama ʻoe i 24% o nā kumuwaiwai ikehu inā hana hou ʻoe i kahi ʻōmole 0,33 litera. Hoʻohana ʻia ka aniani naha i ka ʻoihana. Hana ʻia nā huahana hou mai ia mea, a ua hoʻohui pū ʻia i ka ʻano o kekahi mau pono hale.
Hoʻohana hou ʻia ka plastic used, a ma hope o nā mea hou i hana ʻia ai. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka mea no ka hana ʻana i nā railings a me nā mea pā. Hoʻokomo hou ʻia nā kini kini. Loaʻa iā Tin mai iā lākou. ʻO kahi laʻana, i ka manawa e ʻeli ʻia ai ka 1 ton o ka tin mai nā minelala, makemake ʻia he 400 tone o nā mea hao. Inā ʻoe e unuhi i ka nui o nā mea mai nā kini, a laila pono wale nō 120 tone o nā huahana tin.
I mea e pono ai ka hana hou ʻana i nā ʻōpala paʻa, pono e hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻōpala. No kēia, aia nā ipu i kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ai no ka palakiko, ka pepa a me nā ʻōpala ʻē aʻe.
Poino kaiapuni mai ka ʻōpala paʻa
ʻO nā litters ʻōpala paʻa paʻa o ka honua, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o kā lākou helu i ka hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ke kaiapuni. ʻO ka mea mua, he mea hōʻino ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o nā ʻōpala ma ka honua, a ʻo ka lua, ʻo ka glue, nā varnish, nā pena, nā mea make, nā mea ʻino a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻopōʻino i ke kaiapuni. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻolei wale ʻia, pono e hoʻokau ʻia kēia mau mea a waiho ʻia i nā kanu kanu kūikawā.
Ke hōʻiliʻili nā pākeke, nā mea hoʻonaninani, nā mīkini uila a me nā ʻōpala weliweli ʻē aʻe i nā landfills, hoʻokuʻu lākou i ka mercury, kēpau a me nā uahi ʻawahia, i komo i ka lewa, hoʻohaumia i ka lepo, a me ke kōkua o ka wai lepo a me ka wai ua ua holoi ʻia lākou i loko o nā kino wai. ʻAʻole kūpono kēlā mau wahi kahi e waiho ai nā landfills i ke ola i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Hoʻohaumia lākou i ke kaiapuni, kahi e kumu ai nā maʻi like ʻole i ka poʻe e noho kokoke ana. Wahi a ke kekelē o ka mana, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻōpala o 1, 2 a me 3 mau papa weliweli.
Hoʻopau hou i ka ʻōpala paʻa
I nā ʻāina he nui a puni ka honua, ua hana hou ʻia nā ʻōpala o ka home. I Rūsia, ʻae ʻia kēia e ke kānāwai a kuhikuhi ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai. ʻAe ʻia nā mea hana hou e like me nā kūlana o ka ʻoihana. Eia nō naʻe, koi kēia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pono hana kūikawā (hōʻoia, hoʻokaʻina, hōʻoia, laikini, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe).
I ka hana ʻana, ʻaʻole nā mea hana hou ʻia ka mea makemake ʻia. ʻO nā keu pono o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻōpala i hana hou ʻia ma muli o kēia mau kumu:
- e mālama ana i nā koina no ka unuhi ʻana i nā mea kumu kumu;
- nā wahi hakahaka kahi i mālama mua ʻia ai nā ʻōpala paʻa;
- e hoʻemi ana i ka hopena maikaʻi o nā ʻōpala i ke kaiapuni.
Ma ka laulā, loaʻa i ka pilikia o ka ʻōpala paʻa kulanakauhale kahi pae honua. Aia ke kūlana o ka lewa, hydrosphere a me ka lithosphere i kāna hopena. Hoʻopili pū ka hōʻemi ʻōpala i ke olakino o kānaka, no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke nānā ʻole ʻia kēia pilikia.
