ʻO ka iʻa iʻa, nani me ko lākou nani, makemake nui ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi, ma waena o nā aquarist a me nā mea hoʻomaka. A ʻaʻole kēia he mea kupanaha, hāʻawi ʻia i ko lākou ʻano kino maoli a me ke kala ʻulaʻula, i hiki ai iā lākou ke lilo i mea hoʻonani maikaʻi ʻole o nā wai i hana ʻia.
Wehewehe
No ka ʻohana cichlid kēia iʻa aquarium. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hālāwai me ia i loko o nā waihona wai i hoʻomāhuahua nui ʻia me nā lau nahele ma ke kiko waena o ʻAmelika Hema. He mea hoihoi ia e hoʻomaopopo he mahalo ia i ko lākou noho ʻana i waena o nā mea ulu nunui i loaʻa ai iā lākou ko lākou kino maoli. ʻO kona inoa ponoʻī, unuhi maoli ʻia, e like me ka lau me nā ʻēheu, e like me ke ʻano. Akā ma hope o ka lawe ʻia ʻana i ʻEulopa, ua loaʻa i ka scalar ka inoa ʻelua, ʻo ia ka iʻa ʻAnela.
No ka helehelena, ʻo ka scalar ka mea nona kahi kino pālahalaha me kahi ʻāpana kālā me nā ʻenekini anal e hoʻopili ana i ka hopena, kahi e hāʻawi ai i ke ʻano o ka crescent. Hoʻohui, nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele i ke kino e hoʻomalu nei i ke kino e hoʻonui pono i ka nani maoli o kēia iʻa.
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, mahalo i kēia ʻano o ke kino, hiki i ka scalar ke neʻe maʻalahi i ke kaiapuni o nā lau nahele like ʻole. Ma ke ʻano he kaulike, 150 mm o kā lākou nui i loko o kahi aquarium. Akā ke hana nei i nā kūlana kokoke i ka maoli, hiki i kā lākou waiwai ke piʻi i 260 mm.
He iʻa lōʻihi nā scalars. No laila, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke ola o kā lākou hiki ma kahi o 10 mau makahiki, a i kekahi mau manawa ʻoi aku. ʻO ia ke kumu e koho ai ka hapa nui o nā aquarist iā ia.
Noho i ka nohona kūlohelohe
ʻO ka ʻōlelo mua o kēia iʻa iʻa i loko o ka makahiki 1823. Akā aneane 100 mau makahiki i hala ma mua o ka hōʻike ʻia ʻana o ka scalar mua ma ʻEulopa. He mea nui ia e kahakaha nui i nā makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻano ʻokoʻa kēlā mau ʻano o ka scalar i hānai ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i nā aquarium i nā ʻano kūlohelohe. Ma ke ʻano he kūlana, i nā kūlana kūlohelohe, noho kēia mau iʻa i nā wahi kahi e hōʻiliʻili iki ai nā mea kanu. Hānai nui lākou i nā mea kolo, nā ʻai a me nā mea ulu.
Nā ʻano
I kēia lā aia nui nā ʻano o kēia iʻa. No laila, nā mea makemake nui ʻia:
- Pākuʻi gula.
- Pākuʻi ʻeleʻele.
- Moku ʻānela polū.
- Pā pale uhi.
- Scalaria Koi.
E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i kēia ʻano ʻano o nā scalars.
Gula
ʻO kēia iʻa aquarium, ke kiʻi o ia ʻano i like me ka iʻa gula mai ka moʻolelo kaʻao o ka inoa like, me kona kala kala ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa mai kā lākou mau hoahele hihiu. No laila, ʻaʻohe mau kaha a nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia ʻano, a he kala ko ka unahi o lākou ka hoʻomanaʻo hou o ka mom-of-momi, ka mea, i hui pū ʻia me ke kala gula o ke kino o ka iʻa, hana i kahi pāʻani kū hoʻokahi me ka aka o nā metala makamae. E pili ana i nā hihi, nele loa lākou i kekahi kala a ʻaʻole lōʻihi.
Hoʻohui ʻia, kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o ka scalar gula kona nui nui. No laila, i ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana, hiki i kona nui ke 170 mm. i nā kūlohelohe a hiki i 260 mm. ʻAʻole paʻakikī ka mālama ʻana i kēia iʻa. No laila, no kāna ʻike, lawa ka wai piula wai paʻa. Paipai ʻia e hoʻololi i ka wai ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 1 manawa i nā lā 7 a ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 1/3 o ka nui o ka leo. Eia kekahi, e hana i nā kūlana ʻoluʻolu, pono ka mahana o ke kai wai i ka laulā o 26-28 kekelē.
Hoʻomanaʻo, paʻakikī loa ka mehameha no kēia mau iʻa. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ke kūʻai aku iā lākou i pālua.
Eleʻele
Pili kēia iʻa iʻa i nā ʻano hānau o ka scalar maʻamau. ʻOkoʻa i kahi ʻano mālie a me ka neʻe haʻahaʻa. ʻO kona lōʻihi ka lōʻihi ma kahi aquarium ʻo 150mm a ʻo kona nui he 250mm. Eia hou, ke ola nei i kona inoa - aneane pena ʻeleʻele ʻia kēia iʻa me nā kaha liʻiliʻi o ke keʻokeʻo, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka kiʻi.
He mea pono nō hoʻi ia e hoʻomaopopo i ka wā e hoʻolālā ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka scalar ʻeleʻele, e makaʻala kekahi i kahi haumia iki o ka wai kai. Manaʻo ʻia nā kūlana maikaʻi loa ma ke ʻano he hoʻomehana wela o 24-28 kekelē me ka paʻakikī o ka wai ma kahi o 8-20. Ma waho aʻe. Paipai ʻia e hoʻokomo i ka aeration i loko o kahi waihona i hana ʻole ʻia a mai poina e hoʻololi i ka wai maʻamau.
ʻAʻole paʻakikī ka mālama ʻana i ka scalar ʻeleʻele no nā mea hoʻomaka a me kahi aquarist ʻike. ʻO ka mea mua e hoʻomanaʻo ai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e kūʻai i kahi hui liʻiliʻi o kēia iʻa. Hoʻohui ʻia, koi ʻia e kanu i kekahi mau mea kanu i ka aquarium e hana hou i ka nohona kūlohelohe.
Polū
ʻO kēia iʻa aquarium, ka kiʻi o ua kiʻi ʻia ma lalo, i loaʻa i kona inoa mai ka ʻili aniani o nā unahi bluish a me ke ʻano kupaianaha o nā peʻa. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano skalar i ʻEulopa a ua hānai ʻia e ka mea hānai mai nā Philippines K. K. Kenedy.
ʻO kēlā me kēia mea nona kēia iʻa, ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana iā ia, no ka manawa lōʻihi ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke hooki i ka nānā ʻana i ka nani o ka ʻānela polū a me ka ʻino o nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka aquarium. ʻO ka iʻa meleki polū kahi iʻa nui nui. 150 mm ka lōʻihi o kahi makua a 260 mm ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o nā kāne mai nā wahine i hōʻike ʻia ʻaʻole wale i ka nui o lākou, akā i kahi fin dorsal fin a me ka ʻaoʻao alo o ke poʻo.
No ka mālama ʻana i kēia iʻa aquarium mai kahi pilikia, pono ʻoe e hele i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi aquarium ākea (mai 100 liters), ke kū ʻana o nā mea kanu, aeration a me nā kukui maikaʻi i loko. E pili ana i ka mahana, ʻaʻole hiki i kēia iʻa iʻa i loko o ke anuanu a me ka wai. ʻO nā kumukūʻai wela kūpono no lākou nā mahana mai ka 27-28 kekelē.
Mea nui! Me ka mālama pono, ʻo ko lākou ola he 7-9 mau makahiki.
Huna ʻia
No ke ʻano o ke kino, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa kēia iʻa i nā ʻelele ʻē aʻe o kāna laha, i hōʻike ʻia i ke kiʻi. ʻO kona kino pū kekahi, me he mea lā, pālahalaha ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua, a huki ka maka i nā maka me ko lākou nui a me nā hiʻohiʻona e like me ka crescent. ʻAʻole kūpaʻa ke kala a hiki ke loli. ʻO ka nui o kahi mākua i 250 mm.
I mea e hōʻike ai kēia iʻa iā ia iho i kona nani a pau, pono e hana i nā kūlana hōʻoluʻolu no lākou. No laila, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i kahi iʻa e hōʻike ana i ka mālama ʻana i ke ʻano mahana ma ka pae o 26-28 kekelē. He mea pono e hoʻokau i ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka mahana i hiki ke alakaʻi i ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole i ka scalar. Eia hou, ʻaʻole pono e poina kekahi e pili ana i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe lepo manawa.
E pili ana i ka hānai ʻana, makemake kēia mau iʻa e ʻai i ka meaʻai ola, akā he ʻokoʻa, i kekahi manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi iā lākou i ka meaʻai paʻahau, kahi e hoʻopau ai i ke komo ʻana o nā microorganism ʻenemi i loko o ka moku.
Koi
ʻO kēia mau iʻa, nā kiʻi e hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma lalo, e hoʻomanaʻo nui ʻia no ko lākou pena aniani a me nā mea like ʻole, kahi e hoʻomanaʻo mau ai i nā aka o nā koi Kepani. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa iki ko lākou kino mai nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Melemele ka waihoʻoluʻu o ke kino nui me nā kiko o ka ʻeleʻele a me nā waiū milky. ʻUlaʻula ʻulaʻula ke kua.
ʻOkoʻa ka wahine mai ke kāne i ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me ka ʻōpū i ʻoi aku ka pōʻai. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i kēia iʻa ʻaʻole ia he kumu no nā mea hoʻomaka. ʻO ka mea wale nō e pono ai e pili pono i nā lula maʻamau o ka mālama ʻana iā lākou. No laila, ʻo ka mea mua, e kūʻai pālua ʻia lākou. Eia hou, e hōʻoia i ka paʻakikī ʻole o ka wai a me ka mahana o ka wai i loko o 24-28 kekelē.
Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole pono ka haʻahaʻa o ka aquarium ma lalo o 70 liters. E hoʻomanaʻo inā mālama ʻia ka ʻike o nā scalars i ka nānā ʻana i kēia mau koi maʻalahi, a laila ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonui i ko lākou hiki, akā e ola no ka nui o nā makahiki keu.
Hanai ana
ʻOiai nā ʻano laha like ʻole, ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa i ka hānai. No laila paipai ʻia e hānai iā lākou me ka meaʻai ola. Akā e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia he ʻiʻo nui kēia iʻa. No laila, kapu loa ʻia ka overfeed iā ia i mea e kāpae ai i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā maʻi ʻōpū iā lākou. No laila, ʻo ka meaʻai kūpono na lākou:
- Koko koko.
- Coretra.
- Nā larvae ola o nā ʻano meaola like ʻole.
He mea nui loa ia e hōʻoia i ka hou o ka hānai. Eia kekahi, e akahele loa ʻoe e pili ana i ka hānai ʻana i ka tubule, no ka mea, manaʻo ʻia hiki ke lilo i mea lawe i nā ʻano parasite a i ʻole nā maʻi.
Inā pono, hiki i nā scalars ke ʻai i nā meaʻai maloʻo a maloʻo hoʻi, akā ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻohana ia mea ma ke ʻano nui.
Hoʻohālikelike
ʻOiai ʻo ka mālama ʻana i nā scalars ʻaʻole ia he mea e pilikia ai, pono e hoʻomanaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole lākou wale nō i loko o kahi waihona i hana ʻia. No laila, pono ʻoe e koho i nā hoalauna kūpono na lākou, i lilo ʻole ka microclimate kūloko i luku wale ʻia. No laila, ʻo ka mea mua, he mea pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia, ʻoiai kona ʻano maluhia, i ka nohona kūlohelohe hiki ke hōʻino ʻia no ka mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. No laila, no ka laʻana, hiki iā lākou ke lilo i ka iʻa iʻa liʻiliʻi.
ʻO nā hoalauna kūpono o nā scalars nā iʻa viviparous. Loaʻa nā:
- Pecilia.
- ʻO Mollies.
- Poʻe pahi kaua.
Eia kekahi, inā makemake ʻia, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i nā guppi, akā i kēia hihia, e liʻiliʻi ka likelika o ka hope.
Paipai ikaika ʻole ʻia e mālama i ka scalar me nā ʻōpala, nā kākalaioa, denosoni, tetragonopterus, cardinals.
Hoʻohui, kahi mea hoihoi i ka wā ʻōpio, noho lōʻihi ka poʻe skalars mai kekahi i kekahi, akā i ka ulu ʻana, haki lākou i nā hui pālua a ʻauʻau kai.
E hoʻomanaʻo he hilahila loa kēia mau iʻa a me nā neʻe koke ʻana, ke kukui ʻana i nā kukui a me nā leo nui hiki ke hoʻoluhi iā lākou.
