Ke hele nei i loko o ka ululāʻau-tundra a i ʻole taiga ma ka hemisphere ʻākau, hiki iā ʻoe ke hui me kahi ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe, pulu kuʻi ʻia wig... Uhi ʻia ke kino a me nā ʻeheu o ke kāne me ka hulu hina a ʻokoʻa me ke kala o ka poʻo poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī. ʻAʻole mālamalama nā wahine, ʻaʻole ia he mea kupanaha - hatch lākou i nā keiki, no laila ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokipa iā ʻoe iho.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Pāpā wig ulu a i 45-50 mau kenimika. ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kāne mai ka 600 a i ka 1100 gram. Māmā ka wahine — mai 500 g a hiki i kahi kilo. Ua piʻi ka ʻēheu i 78-86 kenimika. Aia ke ʻano o kēia moa i nā kumu he nui:
- papahele;
- makahiki;
- kau
I ka puna a me Iune wili kāne ʻokoʻa maʻalahi mai ka wahine. ʻO ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī kahi waihoʻoluʻu hohonu o ka chestnut me nā kiko ʻeleʻele. ʻUlaʻula-hina ka goiter. Kahi ma waena o ka nuku a me ke kua o ke poʻo i māka ʻia me kahi kaha melemele a keʻokeʻo paha. Hinahina ka ʻaoʻao luna o ke kino, me nā laina ʻeleʻele i ʻō aʻe.
I ka wā o ka moena, ʻokoʻa loa ka plumage o ke kāne mai ka plumage o ka wahine.
Hinahina nā hulu o ka hiʻu pōkole, akā ua inky ka undertail a me kona mau ʻaoʻao. Inā hānai ʻoe i kahi ʻāpana pato ma ka ʻēheu, a laila wig i ka lele ʻana e wehe i ka ʻōpū keʻokeʻo. ʻIke maopopo ʻia nā hulu keʻokeʻo ma ka poʻohiwi o nā ʻeheu.
Ma ke kihi o kēlā me kēia ʻēheu aia kahi kiko ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo e hoʻolei i ka poni. Kapa ʻia nā kiaʻi manu he aniani. ʻO ka piko o ka nuku bluish e kāhiko ʻia me ka "marigold" i pena ʻia i ka inika. I ka hele ʻana i waho o ka ʻāina, kuʻu lima ʻo ka wigeon me kāna paws lehu.
Ma hope o ke kau moʻo, ke hoʻomoe ka wahine i nā hua, lele kāna hoa e molt i mea e hoʻololi ai i kāna lole aloha "seremonial". Ua kuapo ʻia nā plumage hina ma ke kua i ka brown. Kū'ē i kēia kāʻei, ʻike ʻia nā nalu ʻeleʻele. Akā ma nā ʻeheu, ke aniani nani a me nā kaha keʻokeʻo e hiehie nei.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia i kāu hoa wili wahine ʻoi aku ke akahai, ʻaʻole pili i ke kau a me nā pāʻani male. ʻEleʻele ka plumage me nā blotches ʻeleʻele. ʻAʻoleʻike iki ʻia ke aniani - hina ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
Keʻokeʻo kona ʻōpū. ʻO ka nuku polū hina, e like me ke kāne, polū me ka pihi lānahu. ʻO nā wiggles ʻōpio e like me ke kala i ka wahine. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i mua ou ʻaʻole he mākua hiki ke koho ʻia ma muli o nā ʻeleʻele blotches ma ka ʻōpū a me kahi aniani paler.
Kaukaʻi ʻia i ke kau ka leo o ka wig ke loli nei. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke drake e ka whist, a he nui nā mea e like me ka squeak o kahi hāmeʻa kāpili. I ka wā o ka noho aloha ʻana, ʻoi loa ka pihe o ka drake, ua hui ʻia kahi buzz me ka ʻio. He leo haʻahaʻa ko kā ka wahine. Ma muli o nā peculiarities o kāna "mele" i kapa inoa ʻia ka sviyaz e ka poʻe: fistula, sviyaga, mea hoʻokani.
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o ka ʻaleʻale wiggle
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o ka wahine kilokilo ʻAmelika
Nā ʻano
ʻO Sviyaz kahi ʻano i pili i ke kauoha a Anseriformes, ka ʻohana duck, ke ʻano o nā ʻāpō muliwai. ʻEkolu ʻano o kēia manu:
- Europa;
- ʻAmelika;
- hoʻonaninani.
ʻO ka mokupuni ʻo ʻAmekekona i ka Moana ʻInikia i noho ʻia e ka Amsterdam flightless wiggle. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻopau ʻia kēia ʻano ma ka hopena o ke kenekulia 18.
Lulu ʻo Eurasia loaʻa i loko o ʻEulopa (ʻIlia, Sekotia, ʻĀkau ʻEnelani, Scandinavia, Pinilana). Pūnana pū kekahi kēia manu ma ka ʻākau o Kazakhstan. Eia nō naʻe, maʻa mau ia ma Rūsia. Makemake nā lehulehu nui e noho ma ka ʻākau o ka Leningrad Region.
Ke hana maikaʻi nei ka manu ma ka moku ʻo Arkhangelsk. I Siberia, nā pūnana o nā ʻāpō i kū i ka ʻaoʻao kūkulu ʻākau o ka taiga, a loaʻa i ka hema o Lake Baikal. ʻO Kamchatka lāua ʻo Chukotka kona ʻano maʻamau. ʻO ka ʻāpana waena ma ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa o Rūsia ʻaʻole maikaʻi ia iā ia, no laila ʻaʻole ʻike pinepine ʻia nā wahi pūnana ma aneʻi.
Pilikia ʻAmelika - kahi manu e noho ana i ka Honua Hou. ʻOiai ākea ka ʻāpana o ka hoʻokaʻawale, ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa kēia peʻa ma nā ʻākau o ka ʻĀkau a me Kanada. ʻAʻole loaʻa ia ma North and South Dakota, Idaho, Minnesota, Colorado, Oregon, a me Wakinekona Wakinekona. ʻIke like kēia ʻano i kona hoahānau Eurasia.
E nānā i ka wiggle hoʻohanohano, pono ʻoe e hele i ʻAmelika Hema: Chile, Uruguay, nā Mokupuni Falkland, Argentina - nā wahi noho o kēia laha. ʻAʻole like me nā ʻano ʻelua ʻē aʻe, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ke poʻo o ka poʻe noho ʻAmelika Hema me kahi aniani kila, me nā papalina keʻokeʻo a me ka lae.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
ʻAʻole ʻo Sviyazi he poʻe pilikino a makemake e hana like i nā mea āpau: hānai, neʻe hema a hoʻi i hope, pūnana. ʻOiai he moa wai, koho kēia mau ʻāpō i nā waihona wai wai hou me kahi au nāwaliwali a i ʻole wai kūpale paha. Hiki i kēia mau loko kai ʻoiga, nā kahawai o nā kahawai haʻahaʻa o ka ʻāina haʻahaʻa, nā wai pulu.
Hōʻalo ka wahine kilokilo i nā wahi ākea nui. ʻO Ideal kahi wai waihona, e pili ana i laila kahi ululāʻau ulu ʻole, a uhi ʻia ka panakō me ka mauʻu mauʻu. Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā hoʻoilo, noho pū nā ʻāpā puaʻa i nā kahakai, i pale ʻia e nā pōhaku mai ka makani.
ʻOiai he manu neʻe ka wahine hoʻokalakupua, aia kekahi poʻe liʻiliʻi i makemake i nā mokupuni Pelekane a haʻalele ʻole iā lākou. Lele nā ʻōpua i ka hoʻoilo i Kepakemapa. ʻO nā ala neʻe a me ka hopena hope loa e pili ana i nā pūnaewele pūnana. Pēlā e neʻe ai ka hui ʻo Icelandic i ʻIlalani a me Skotlandia, ka mea hiki ʻole ke kapa ʻia ka hema e nā kūlana kanaka.
ʻO ka poʻe noho hulu o Siberia a me Kazakhstan ke poʻo i ke kapakai o ka Caspian a me ke Kai ʻEleʻele, a i ʻole ma ka hema o ʻEulopa a i ʻole ka Iberian Peninsula. Mai ka hikina, lele nā manu i ka Hikina Waena a i ʻole ʻApelika, i kekahi manawa hiki i Tanzania. Hoʻi i nā pūnaewele pūnana wiggle i ka wā puna - ma ke kau waena o ʻApelila. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā pālua.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hana nā kāne i ka hāʻule aiʻole i ka wā o ka home neʻe puna. He monogamous ʻo Sviyazi: ma hope o ke koho ʻana i kahi hoa, ʻaʻole nānā ke kāne i nā manu ʻē aʻe. I ka makahiki o hoʻokahi makahiki, hiki i ka ʻāpua ke oo i ka moekolohe a hiki ke komo i loko o nā pāʻani moena.
Hoʻolahalaha ka drake i kāna plumage, e hōʻike ana i kona nani a pau, a hoʻomaka e wehewehe i nā pōʻai i loko o ka wai i mea e hoʻonani ai i ka wahine āna i makemake ai. Hāpai ʻo ia i kona poʻo a uwa me ka leo nui, a laila koa wiwo ʻole. ʻAʻole loaʻa i kekahi drake ʻōpio kahi hoa, a laila hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e hakakā me kahi wahine i noho ʻia. A laila hiki i kahi hakakā ke haki i ka hana maluhia.
Ma hope o nā pāʻani aloha, ua hele ka wahine e hoʻonohonoho i ka pūnana. ʻIke ka pato i kahi wahi hūnā kokoke i ka wai. ʻO nā lālā e kau ana i nā nāhelehele, nā mauʻu kahakai, nā aʻa lāʻau e hūnā iā ia mai nā maka makemake ʻole ʻia.
ʻAʻole hiki iā Sviyaz ke kāhea ʻia he mea kūkulu maikaʻi loa: ʻo ka wā e hiki mai ana ʻo "cradle" kahi puka i ka honua me ke anawaena o 5-8 centimita. Hoʻopili ʻia ka lalo me nā lau o ka mauʻu a me nā lālā liʻiliʻi. ʻOiai hoʻouluulu ka wahine i nā hua, ʻāpana o ka iho a me nā hulu o ka makuahine e hōʻiliʻili.
Hoʻomoe ka ʻūlū i nā hua manu i ka hopena o ke kauwela - ke kauwela mua. ʻO ka paʻa, ma ke ʻano he 6-10, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o 12, nā hua manu o ke kala kalima lahilahi. Kū like ke kani, me ka ʻole o nā kikoʻī a me nā kiko. ʻO 4-5 mau kenimika ka lōʻihi o nā hua.
Koke ma hope o ka hoʻomaka o ka incubation, haʻalele ka drakes i kā lākou mau hoaaloha a lele aku i molt. I loko o kēia wā, hiki ke ʻike ʻia lākou ma nā loko ma Siberia Komohana, ma ke Komi Republic (luna ʻo Pechora), ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa o ka Ob, Ural a me Volga I ʻEulopa, koho ʻo wiggles i nā pāpū kahakai no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana
Ma hope o 25 mau lā, hatch nā pīpī No 24 mau hola lākou e noho ai i ka pūnana a maloʻo. Ma hope o kēlā, ua hiki iā lākou ke ukali i ko lākou makuahine i ka wai a ʻauʻau. Uhi ʻia ke kino o nā ʻanakī me ka mānoanoa i lalo.
ʻO ka hoʻololi mālie me nā hulu e lawe ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina a me ka hapa. Ke kū koke kēia, kū ka ʻōpio ma ka ʻeheu a hoʻomaka i kā lākou iho meaʻai ponoʻī. Ma lalo o ka nohona kūlohelohe, ola ka wahine hoʻokalakupua a ʻekolu mau makahiki paha. I ka hoʻopaʻa pio ʻana, kahi e kāpae ʻia ai ka makaʻu, hiki i kahi ʻāpō ke noho i ʻehā a ʻelima mau manawa ka lōʻihi.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻO ka papa maʻamau o ka wiggles ka mea kanu mea kanu wale. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka ʻai ʻana i ka mauʻu a me nā ʻanoʻano, moni pū kēia mau manu i nā mea kolo, akā ʻaʻole ia ke kumu o ka papa ʻaina a ka manu. ʻO ka papa kuhikuhi nui o kēia peʻa ka mauʻu e ulu ana i ka wai a i ʻole ke kahakai kahakai. ʻAi ʻia nā kumu ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā aʻa. I kahi mea liʻiliʻi loa, makemake ka wahine kilokilo e hānai i nā hua a me nā hua.
Aia ma waena o nā mea kanu wai i kēia mau mea: duckweed, pua bog, loko wai, elodea (a ʻo ka maʻi ʻino wai), vallisneria. ʻO nā ʻano kai, ua ʻai ka sviyaz i ka umbelliferae, ke poʻo poʻo, a me ka mauʻu i kūlou. I ka hoʻoilo, no ka neʻe ʻana i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, loli ka papaʻai.
Pau nā manu i nā mea i hiki ke loaʻa i nā kai kai: algae, a me nā mauʻu kai keu, scum. I kekahi mau makahiki, hoʻemi nui ʻia ka nui o ka limu ma muli o nā maʻi. A laila hānai ka wahine hoʻokalakupua i ka wai hou a i ʻole lele lele paha e ʻai i nā mea kanu o ka palaoa.
ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka wahine kilokilo he moa manu, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kāhea he luʻu maikaʻi. ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau manu i loko o ka waihona wai like me nā swans a i ʻole nā luʻu luʻu, no ka mea, hānai lākou i ka meaʻai i hiki ʻole i nā wiggles mai lalo.
Kahu Hunt
I ka puke ʻulaʻula, ʻike ʻia ke kūlana mālama o ka wviyazi ma ke ʻano ʻo Least Consern (LC). ʻO kēia ka mea ʻaʻole hoʻoweliweli ʻia kēia laha me ka luku ʻia. Lehulehu ka heluna kanaka o kēia mau manu. I Rūsia, ʻae ʻia ka ʻimi holoholona ʻeono ʻano pākeke:
- kilokilo;
- ʻāwī kikino;
- ihu laulā;
- mallard;
- pālule hina;
- pintail.
ʻO ka poʻe i ʻono i kaʻiʻo wviyazi e hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻono lahilahi. Ma hope o ka huki ʻia ʻana o ke kupapaʻu a me ka hoʻoneʻe ʻia ʻana o nā mea āpau loa, aia ma kahi o 470 gram ka kaumaha o ka upena. Kahu Hunt e like me nā pāʻani ʻē aʻe, hoʻomaka me ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi laikini. I mea e hoʻouna ai i nā palapala i ka manawa kūpono, pono ʻoe e ʻike i nā ʻōlelo a me nā lula no ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi palapala ʻae, i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā luna āpana.
He mea nui ia e ʻike ke ʻae ʻia ka ʻimi holoholona. E like me ke kānāwai, hoʻomaka ka wā ʻimi holoholona i ka lā 1 Malaki a pau ma Iune 16. ʻOkoʻa nā lā no ke kau kau a kau i kēlā me kēia wahi.
I ka puna, ʻae ʻia nā drakes e paʻi wale ʻia. I ke kauwela a me ke kauwela, hiki iā ʻoe ke kī pū i nā ʻāiki mai kahi hūnā, ma ke ala a i ʻole mai kahi moku (pono e hoʻopau ʻia ka ʻenekini). Mai ʻAukake, ʻae ʻia nā ʻīlio hahai holoholona.
ʻO ka Skradok kahi uhi i ʻike ʻole ʻia ka hunter i ka pāʻani. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia e like me kēia: uhi ʻia kahi kaumaha i ka honua me ke ʻano o nā lāʻau, i hoʻopili ʻia me ka mauʻu a me nā lālā ma luna. Hana ʻia kahi puka liʻiliʻi ma ka skradke. Kūkulu mau ʻia ka hale ma kahi mamao o 2-5 mau mika mai ke kaʻe o ka wai. Inā kū ka hopu i ka wā puna, ʻaʻahu lākou me ka pumehana, inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopaʻa i ka hoʻohālua.
I mea e lele ai nā kāne i kahi kūpono, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia nā 2-3 mau wahine wahine i hoʻopiha ʻia i ka wai i loko o ka wai. No ka huki ʻana i ka nānā iā lākou, puhi ka mea ʻume holoholona i kahi ʻio e hoʻohālike i ka leo o kahi ʻāʻī. E ʻike pono ʻia nā holoholona mea ukana mai ka lewa. Maikaʻi inā aia nā mokupuni liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā kuha hamama kokoke - makemake nā manu e hoʻomaha iā lākou.
He mea maʻalahi ʻo Sviyaz i ka wā o ka moulting. Inā i ka hulu manu ʻē aʻe e loli, a laila nalowale kēia pato i nā plumage āpau i ka manawa hoʻokahi. He paʻakikī ke lele i kēia mokuʻāina, a lilo kēia ʻano pato i mea nāwaliwali loa.
Kaukaʻi ʻia i ke kau, lawe ʻia i kahi ʻāpana ʻokoʻa no ka wiggler. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka momona o ka manu i ka momona, e kūkulu ana i nā plumage ikaika ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, a i ka hoʻoilo ua insulated piha lākou.
I mea e kīkē ʻole ai i nā manu i pāpā ʻia no ka mea pio, hiki iā ʻoe ke kī wale ke ʻike maopopo ʻia ka pahuhopu. Maikaʻi e hoʻopaʻa haʻawina ai ma mua wiggle i loko o ka kiʻie hōʻalo hewa. ʻAʻole e waiho kahi mea hahai holoholona maikaʻi i nā holoholona ʻeha, inā ʻaʻole ʻeha ka manu. ʻAʻole wale ka hoihoi i ka hoihoi haʻuki a i ʻole ka meaʻai, akā he kuleana nui nō hoʻi ia.
ʻIkepili Hoihoi
He manu launa ʻo Sviyaz. Ma nā waihona wai hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā ʻohana hipa nui o kēia mau kamaʻilio kūkā, walaʻau, e helu ana he mau tausani mau kānaka. Lele ka wiggler ʻAmelika i kekahi manawa i nā moku Commander, a ʻo Chukotka kekahi. Hiki iā ia ke launa pū me ka Eurasian.
I kekahi manawa hopu ʻia nā wiggles a mālama ʻia i ka pio. Inā hoʻolako ʻia nā kūlana āpau, e hana kūleʻa ka pato. Eia kekahi, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia aʻe, noho kahi duck i ka noho pio ʻana ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o kona ʻano maoli.
Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi poʻe e mālama i ka wahine kilokilo ma ka home ma ke ʻano he holoholona. Maluhia ʻo ia a ʻoluʻolu e ʻae iā ia e hao a ʻauʻau i ka lua. I ka puke wehewehe ʻōlelo a Vladimir Dahl, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā inoa ʻē aʻe no kēia ʻūlū: ʻulaʻula, mumū, ʻōpū keʻokeʻo, ʻāwī.
