I ka papa o nā mea kolo, ʻo ka pūʻulu o nā crocodiles kahi i loaʻa ai nā ʻano lunamakaʻāinana. Gavial pani ʻia e nā mea wale nō i ka ʻohana o ka inoa like. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻokoʻa ʻia ia e kahi waha hāiki, ʻekolu a ʻelima paha manawa ka lōʻihi o nā ana transverse.
Ke ulu a kanaka, ua ikaika wale nō kēia hōʻailona. No ka hānai ʻana i ka iʻa, he niho ʻoi ka ka crocodile, hāliʻiliʻi iki i ke kūlana. ʻO ke kālaihonua o kona wahi noho ʻo India, nā muliwai a me nā wahi e pili ana iā ia. Ma Pakistan, Bangladesh a me Burma, ua aneane make nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole. Ma Nepal, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 70 mau kānaka.
Wehewehe
No laila, ʻo ka ʻohana Gavial o ka crocodile detachment ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano -ʻĀwao gavial... Ke ulu nui nei, ma ka wā hānau he aneane hiki ʻole ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.
Akā aia kekahi hiʻohiʻona nui, i haʻi maikaʻi ʻia - kahi mu muiki a me nā ʻāʻī lōʻihi. Me ka makahiki, ʻike nui ʻia kēia hoʻololi ʻana i ka meaʻai iʻa iʻa, hoʻonui ʻia nā māhele. Hiki i ka waha elongated mai 65 a 105 cm.
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka waha o ka gavial me ka lālani o nā niho ma kahi ʻano obliquely a ma hope hoʻi. ʻAno loa a elongated ko lākou ʻano, mai 24 a 26 i ka iwi ā lalo, a ʻoi aku ma mua o 27 i ka iwi ā luna. ʻIke ʻia lākou me ka waha paʻa. Kōkua kēia mau mea āpau i ka mea kolo e alualu a ʻai i ka mea i loaʻa.
ʻAʻole pālahalaha ka iwi pāpālina e like me ka ʻike ʻia i nā crocodiles ʻē aʻe. Hoʻonui ākea ka ʻaoʻao mua o ka waha, a hoʻopili ʻia kahi hoʻopili palupalu - kahi hōʻailona ʻē aʻe e ʻike ʻia aigavial i ke kiʻi.
ʻO ia ka resonator o ke kani e hana ai i ka wā e hanu ai ʻoe. Ua hoʻomanaʻo ka ulu i ka heluna kanaka o kahi ipuhao ghara India. Pēlā i ʻike ʻia ai ka inoa o ka genus gavial mai ka huaʻōlelo "ghVerdana". Loaʻa kēia hana ma nā muzzles o nā kāne. He lua kona e paʻa ai ka ea, no laila noho mau nā kāne ma lalo o ka wai ma mua o ka wahine.
Eia kekahi nā hōʻailona aʻe:
ʻO ke kino o ke kāne a hiki i 6.6 m, ʻo ka wahine he 2 manawa ka liʻiliʻi. Kaupaona kāne a i 200 kg. ʻO ke kua kope kope, me nā tints ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā brown, nā kiko a me nā kaha i ka wā ʻōpio. Me ka ulu ʻana, hoʻomālamalama kēia pae holoʻokoʻa. He melemele iki ka ʻōpū, e lilo i keʻokeʻo a i ʻole ka kirimalu i ke kala.
Hoʻolālā wāwae maikaʻi ʻole, e paʻakikī ana i ka neʻe ʻana ma ka ʻāina. Ke kolo wale nei i ka honua, hoʻomohala ka mea kolo i kahi wikiwiki nui o ka neʻe ʻana i ka wai kai. Hoʻohālikelike ke poʻo i kahi crocodile pseudogavial. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kona mau hiʻohiʻona i kahi kūlana makua a lahilahi.
ʻO nā kumu maka liʻiliʻi. Pale ʻia ka maka e ka membrane blinking e noho i ka wai. Hoʻomaka nā scutes ma ke kua o ke poʻo a hele i ka huelo, e hana ana i kahi ʻano carapace o 4 mau lālani papa iwi i hoʻolako ʻia me nā kualono. Ma ka huelo he 19 mau scute a me ka helu like o nā unahi me nā kualono.
ʻOiai he mea kupaianaha ka nui o ka holoholona, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻouka i ke kanaka, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia nā hihia like.Gavial ʻōpala kūlana ʻelua ma ka nui ma hope o ka crested (Crocodylus porosus).
Kinohi
ʻO ka ʻohana Gavial ka mea kahiko o nā crocodiles. Pili ʻia kona kumu me ka wā e kū nei ma ka honua ma kahi o 65 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei - ka Cenozoic. Manaʻo manaʻoʻano o nā gharials I kēia manawa ʻaʻole pili ia, no ka mea hoʻokahi wale nō o lākou i ola a hiki i kēia lā. ʻOiai ʻike ʻia ka ʻeli ʻana i 12 mau ʻano fossilized. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā mea i ʻike ʻia ma India wale nō, akā ma ʻApelika hoʻi, ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika Hema.
Nā inoa Gangetic,ʻaviwi kanaka indian mea like. ʻO kekahi buaya ihu lōʻihi lōʻihi. ʻO kēia wale nō ka laha o ka genus a me ka ʻohana Gavialidae. Eia nō naʻe, e like me ka ʻike encyclopedic, hoʻopili pū ʻia me ka crocodile gavial, kahi i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka pili kokoke loa.
Kahi noho
He holoholona ʻo Gavial (Gavialis gangeticus, lat.) ʻAʻole ʻimi holoholona ma waho o ke kai, akā hele pinepine i uka e komo i ka lā a i ʻole i ka wā hānau. I loko o ka wai, hiki ke kapa ʻia kāna neʻe ʻana he lokomaikaʻi, a me ka wikiwiki nui hoʻi, kokoke i kahi moʻolelo no nā crocodiles. Kōkua ka huelo a me ka pūnaewele ma nā wāwae hope i ka ʻauʻau. Ma hea e loaʻa ai kēlā mau kanaka? ʻO nā muliwai wikiwiki a hohonu hoʻi kahi nohona punahele.
Noho ʻo Gavial i nā wahi mālie me nā panakō kiʻekiʻe, koho i ka wai maʻemaʻe. ʻO nā loko hohonu i ka wai hālana me nā palena one e kūpono iā ia. Ma laila ʻo ia e hana ai i nā pūnana a alakaʻi i ka basking - hoʻomehana i ke kino o ka mea kolo me nā kukuna o ka lā.
Homing (mai ka home Pelekania - hale) he mea ʻokoʻa i nā mākua. ʻO ia, ka maʻa o ka mea kolo o ka hoʻi ʻana i ka pūnana, i kahi i noho ʻia ma mua, kahi i puana ʻia. - Ma ke kai wai, nānā kēia mau mea kolo i nā wahi me ka nui o nā iʻa.
Loaʻa nā ʻāpana o kēlā me kēia kāne i ka lōʻihi a 20 km ma ke kahakai. Hiki i nā ʻāina o nā wahine i 12 km ka lōʻihi. ʻO ka crocodile i nīnau ʻia ka mea i ka hapa nui o ka manawa i ka wai, nā wahi mālie. Ma ka ʻāina, kokolo wale ʻo ia, heʻe i kona ʻōpū. Akā hiki ke hoʻomohala i nā wikiwiki kūpono.
Hoʻolahalaha
ʻIke ʻia ʻo Gavial ma India. ʻO ka wahi ma ka ʻākau o Hindustan, kuhikuhi ʻia e ka ʻōnaehana o nā Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra muliwai. Ma Pakistan, Bangladesh a me Nepal, ʻaneʻane loaʻa ʻole ia, no ka mea ua pau i kēia ʻāina.
I ka hema, hiki i ka nohona kūlohelohe i ka ipu Mahanadi (ʻInia, mokuʻāina ʻo Orissa). Ua loaʻa ʻo Gaviala i kahi kahawai o Brahmaputra, ke kahawai ʻo Manas ma ka palena ʻo Bhutan-India. Akā i kēia manawa ʻaneʻane hiki ʻole ke hōʻoia. Hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia pēlā no ka muliwai Kaladan ma ke komohana o Burma. ʻOiai ma ka hoʻomaka o ke kenekulia XX. aia nā buaya like ma laila.
ʻAno, ʻano, nohona nohona
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Gavial he mau mākua maikaʻi. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā wahine e kēia ʻano. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kau moʻo, hana lākou i nā pūnana. A laila nānā lākou i nā keiki a hiki i ka hoʻomaka o ke au o ke kūʻokoʻa.
ʻAʻole huhū kēlā mau crocodiles. Akā ʻo ka paio no nā wahine a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā panalāʻau ka mea ʻokoʻa i kēia kānāwai. Noho nā mea kolo ʻai i nā iʻa i loko o kahi ʻohana kahi hoʻokahi kāne a me kekahi mau wahine. ʻIʻike ka moʻomeheu India iā lākou he holoholona laʻa.
He aha ka mea e ʻai ai, ka papaʻai
Huli ʻo Gavial i ka iʻa, ʻo ia kāna meaʻai makemake ʻia. Akā ʻai pū kekahi mau mākua i nā manu, nā holoholona liʻiliʻi e hoʻokokoke ana i ka muliwai. ʻO nā meaʻai nā mea kolo, nā rana, a me nā moʻo.
Mālama pū ʻia ka ʻai ʻai, me nā koena kanaka. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, kanu mau ʻia lākou ma nā Ganges, ka muliwai laʻa. Ma muli o kēia mea, loaʻa i ka ʻōpū o ka holoholona i kekahi manawa nā mea kāhiko. ʻAi kēia mea kolo i kekahi manawa i nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi, hoʻonāukiuki lākou i kāna digestion.
Ke ʻimi ʻana i kahi iʻa, no ka laʻana, he iʻa lope, hopu ʻia ʻo ka crocodile me ka neʻe ʻana o ke poʻo o ka poʻo, e neʻe ana mai kēlā ʻaoʻao a i kēia ʻaoʻao. Mālama nā niho i ka mea pio, pale iā ia mai ka heʻe a huki. No nā kānaka, ʻaʻole weliweli kēia ʻano, ʻoiai nui ka nui.
Hoʻopiʻi hou
I loko o nā makahiki he ʻumi o ke ola, lilo kahi ʻōpio ʻōpio i kanaka makua moekolohe. ʻO ke kaʻina hana o nā hiʻohiʻona o nā holoholona ʻōpio ke kū i nā pae aʻe. ʻO ka wā hānau ma mua o ka waiho ʻana i nā hua. Kūleʻa nā crocodiles no ke kumu o ka hānau ʻana mai Nowemapa a Ianuali.
Hoʻopau nā kāne i kahi "harem", koho i kekahi mau wahine, e pili ana i nā kaua i kekahi manawa ma waena o lākou. A ʻo ka nui a me ka ikaika o kahi crocodile e hoʻoholo i ka helu o nā wahine i loko. ʻO ka manawa mai ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hoʻomoe hua manu i 3 a 4 mau mahina.
Kū ka pūnana i ka wā maloʻo - Malaki a ʻApelila, ke wehe ʻia ke one one. ʻEli nā wahine i kahi lua no lākou iho i ka pō e hoʻomoe i nā hua i ke one ma kahi mamao o 3 a 5 mau mika mai ka wai. - Ma kahi i kuke ʻia, a 90 mau hua oval e waiho ʻia (maʻa mau he 16 - 60).
Aia ko lākou ana ma kahi o 65 a 85 mm a ʻoi aku paha, ʻoi aku ka nui o ko lākou kaumaha i nā ʻano ʻano o nā crocodiles a he 160 nā huna. Ua uhi ʻia ka pūnana e nā mea kanu. - Ma hope o 2.5 mau mahina, hānau ʻia nā gavialchiks. ʻAʻole hoʻoneʻe ka makuahine iā lākou i ke kai wai, e aʻo iā lākou e ola a mālama.
ʻO nā kūlana kau a me ka nui o ka crocodilian predetermine i ka nui o ka paʻa i kanu ʻia i ke one o kahi pāpaʻu i uhi ʻia me nā mea kanu. Hoʻokū ʻo Incubation i nā lā he 90 (ma ka awelika), akā hiki nō hoʻi iā 76 a 105 mau lā.
Pale ka wahine i ka pūnana punana, nā crocodiles iā lākou iho a kōkua iā lākou e paina. Hele mai ʻo ia i nā hua i kēlā me kēia pō. He pilina ko kēlā me kēia kāne me kekahi mau wahine, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia nā crocodile ʻē aʻe.
Wā ola
Loaʻa ke oʻo makua o nā wahine i ka makahiki 10 mau makahiki i ka nui o 3 mika. Akā e like me nā helu helu, ma ke kūlohelohe, ʻo 1 wale nō o 40 gavial i hōʻea iā ia. Ua koho ʻia ʻaʻole ola nā 98% o nā gharials i nā makahiki 3. No laila, he hopena kaumaha ka awelika heluna kānaka.
Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻikepili hilinaʻi e pili ana i kekahi o nā wahine e noho ana ma ka Zoo ʻo Ladana. ʻO 29 kona mau makahiki. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka lohi o ka oʻo ʻana a me ka nui i predetermine i kahi lōʻihi o ke ola. I ke kūlohelohe, kahakaha ʻia ia e ka manawa o 20 a 30 mau makahiki paha. ʻAʻole hiki ke kiʻi ʻia ka helu kūhelu o 28 mau makahiki ma muli o nā hana a nā poachers, ka hoʻohaumia o nā waihona wai, ka hoʻokahe wai.
Pale ka lehulehu
ʻO ka loli o ka ʻāina o ka nohona kūlohelohe i hopena i ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana i kēia holoholona. A eia kekahi mau kumu. ʻO nā hihia o ka make ke hāʻule pinepine i nā ʻupena lawaiʻa pinepine. Ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā waihona iʻa. Ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o nā wahi noho ʻia. - Ke hōʻiliʻili nei i nā hua no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi he nui, e ʻimi ana i ka ulu o ka ihu, kahi aphrodisiac e hoʻonui ai i ka ikaika kāne
Hoʻoiho nā mālama o nā meaʻai kūpono i ka manawa, kahi e alakaʻi ai i kahi hōʻemi o ka helu. Ma waho aʻe o nā kumu kūlohelohe, hopohopo pū kekahi nā poachers. ʻO ke kūlana i kēia manawa i kahi mokuʻāina koʻikoʻi, no ka mea, ua hoʻokaumaha ʻia nā lehulehu.
Akā ma India ke noho nei lākou, no ka mea, kākoʻo ʻia lākou e ka incubation manuahi o nā hua ma nā māla crocodile. Hana ʻia nā holoholona ʻōpio, a laila hoʻokuʻu ʻia i kahi nohona maikaʻi. Mālama ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka gavial e like me ka papahana o ke Aupuni o India mai ka makahiki 1975, i ka ikaika mai 1977.
ʻO ka papahana no ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i nā kūpona hoʻokahi makahiki i ka hihiu ʻaʻole i hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ko lākou hopena. No laila mai loko o 5,000 o nā cubs i hoʻokuʻu ʻia, ʻo nā kānaka wale nō e noho ana i nā wahi 3 i loko o nā mālama ʻāina i hānai maikaʻi ʻia.
I ka makahiki 1978, ua hana ʻia nā ʻano like i ka pāka aupuni o Nepal. Ma aneʻi, i ka hui o nā kahawai ʻelua (Rapti a me Rue), kiaʻi ʻia nā kānaka nunui. Loaʻa i nā hanana i kahi manaʻo optimistic. Eia nō naʻe, ua helu ʻia kēia lunamakaʻāika loa o nā crocodiles i ka Red Book. Ke hoʻoweliweli ʻia nei ke kumu.
Hiki ke hoʻopakele ʻia ka mea kolo ma ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā kahawai ʻo India o nā mea ʻawahia a me nā ʻōpala. Akā i kēia lā ua haumia loa ka nohona. ʻO ke ʻano nohona - ʻaʻole hoʻokō ʻia ka wai wai maʻemaʻe ma ke ʻano he koi kaiapuni. Hōʻike kēia i ka luku ʻia o nā laha i ka luku. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka crocodile kahiko ma ke ʻano he aneane make a maka makaʻu loa hoʻi i ka holoholona.
