Inā i loko o ka lā ua loli nui ka hale kauwela: ua ʻike ʻia kekahi mau puʻu o ka ʻāina a me nā ala hiki ʻole ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia, ua nalowale kekahi mau ulu lāʻau, a laila ka manawa e kani ai ka pū waikaua. ʻAʻohe mea kānalua ua hoʻouka ʻia ka māla e kahi ʻiole mole - he holoholona maʻalea, hoʻopulapula e hoʻāʻo e hoʻopaʻa i ka hua holoʻokoʻa i loko o kāna waihona.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO kaʻiole makapō i ka mahele o nā rodents. I ke kaʻina o ka evolution, ua hoʻololi piha ʻo ia i ke ola o ka honua, kahi i hoʻohuli i kona helehelena.
- he kino liʻiliʻi kona, a 32 cm ka lōʻihi;
- hiki ke kaumaha o ka holoholona i 1 kg;
- nalowale nā pepeiao;
- Pōkole nā wāwae a me ka huelo, no laila aneane ʻike ʻole ʻia;
- uhi ʻia ke kino me ka hulu ʻeleʻele palupalu;
- aloha na maka a nalowale i ka hiki ke ʻike. Ma muli o nā pelu o ka ʻili, lilo loa lākou i mea ʻike ʻole ʻia.
Makapō i ka kiʻi me he mea lā he mea pohihihi a hilahila hoʻi.
Pehea ka ʻokoʻa o ka ʻiole mole mai kahi mole
Kuhi hewa kekahi poʻe i kēia mau koʻeko me nā mole, akā he holoholona ʻokoʻa loa kēia. ʻElua mau ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o lākou:
- ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ʻiole makapō.
- Kūkulu ka mole i kāna mau tunnels me ke kōkua o kāna mau paws, ʻoiai i ka lua o lākou e hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻole ʻia, loaʻa nā maiuu liʻiliʻi, no laila ke hāpai nei i nā hana kūkulu mahalo i kāna mau ʻūlū mua.
- ʻAi nā mole i nā ʻelala, ʻoiai makemake nā ʻiole mole i nā mea kanu a me nā kumu mea kanu.
Nā ʻano
I ke kūlohelohe, aia kekahi mau ʻano kiole, ʻokoʻa i ke kala, ka nui a me kahi o ka noho.
- Iole makapō maʻamau a i ʻole Lūkia Hema i kahi kala hina hina. Pili ia i nā lāhui maʻamau. Noho ma nā panalāʻau o Moldova, Ukraine, Lūkia. Hoʻomaka ka hoʻohana ʻia o kona ʻili palupalu no ka hana ʻana i nā pālule huluhulu, akā ʻaʻole naʻe i ka nui o nā puke, no laila ʻaʻole i helu ʻia ka ʻiole mole maʻamau i loko o ka Red Book ma ke ʻano he ʻano mea ʻaneʻane pau ʻole. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ia e kahi heluna paʻa, mahalo i ka nui o kēia mau holoholona i mālama ʻia.
- Iole mole nunui - kēia ka lunamakaʻāinana nui loa, nona ka paona i hiki i kahi kilogram. He hina hina a ʻeleʻele kona kala. Loaʻa i nā kānaka ʻelemakule nā kiko keʻokeʻo ma ke poʻo a me ke kino. Kuhi ʻia kēia ʻano e ka hanauna maikaʻi ʻole, no laila ua helu ʻia ia i loko o ka Red Book of Russia a me ka International List of Nature Conservation.
- Wahi a ka ʻikepili kūwaho, ua like ka mākaʻi one me ke ʻano pilikua. Makemake ʻo ia e noho i ka ululāʻau a kokoke i ka Dnieper. Pale pū ʻia ke koʻokoʻo.
- Liʻiliʻi loa ka ʻano Podolsk. Aia ia ma ke kaʻe o ka make, no laila ua manaʻo ʻia ia he ʻano lanahu.
- ʻO ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ka mea liʻiliʻi loa, ʻo ka lōʻihi i hiki ʻole i 20 knm. He ʻano ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele kona ʻano. Noho ka ʻiole makapō ma nā panalāʻau o Turkey, Ukraine, Moldova, Romania, Bulgaria, Greece.
- ʻOkoʻa ka ʻāpana ʻo Bukovinian mai nā ʻano ʻē aʻe i ke ʻano o ke poʻo. Loaʻa kēia ʻano ma ka ʻāina o nā ʻāina ʻEulopa.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻohana rodent, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka nohona, i ʻehā mau ʻano i makemake e noho i ka wao nahele, ʻāpana o nā ululāʻau, ʻāpana steppe a ma waho o nā ulu lāʻau. Ua palahalaha lākou ma ʻEulopa, ʻAsia, ʻApelika. Noho nā holoholona i ka nui o ko lākou ola ma lalo o ka honua. Ma laila lākou e hoʻolako ai i kahi labyrinths holoʻokoʻa, kahi e ʻoluʻolu loa ai lākou.
ʻO kahi mea hoihoi ʻo ia nā ʻutu e parasitize i ka rodent i ulu a nalowale hoʻi i kā lākou ʻike. No nā ʻiole mole, kūpono ka lepo o ke kaulike kaulike. Hōʻalo lākou i ka pālolo a me ka lepo one. Koho ʻo Rodents i nā wahi hānai i ulu nā lau nahele. ʻIke pinepine ʻia ʻiole mole i ka māla.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ke kūkulu hale
Huki nā holoholona i kā lākou mau lua me ko lākou mau niho. ʻOiai ke poʻo e pili i ka hana o ka labyrinth. ʻAi ka holoholona i ka lepo me nā niho o mua, pahu i ka lepo nui aʻe mai kona hale me ke kōkua o kona poʻo, nona ke ʻano o ka spade. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ia no ka hana kūkulu a me ka iwi ā lalo. Mahalo i nā mākala, hiki i nā incisors ke neʻe.
Ma muli o ke tunneling, wili ʻia nā niho o mua, akā ulu koke lākou, no laila he mea pono nō ke kūkulu ʻana no ka mea noho ma lalo o ka honua. ʻO nā kānaka e noho pio ana e ʻeha nui lākou i nā incisors i ulu nui ʻia. ʻAʻole pani nāʻiole mole i ko lākou waha no lākou.
Hoʻololi ʻia no ka hana kūkulu a me ka ihu o ka holoholona. Uhi ʻia me ka ʻili keratinized, kahi e mālama ai iā ia mai ka ʻeha mechanical ke wāwahi ʻia ka honua. Ma hoʻokahi hectare, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa mai 2 a 10 mau kānaka. Kūkulu nā holoholona i nā labyrinths i ka puna, a mai ke kauwela alakaʻi lākou i kahi nohona passive. ʻAʻole hāʻule ka mea noho ma lalo i ka hibernation.
Iole makapō koko pumehana kūkulu i nā hale i kekahi mau papa:
- ʻO ka mea mua ka palaka, aia ma kahi hohonu o 20-30 cm. Kapa ʻia ia he meaʻai. Mālama ka holoholona i nā mālama meaʻai i loko.
- Aia ka lua o ka palaka ma kahi hohonu o 4 mau mika. Aia i loko o nā pūnana pantry, kauwela a me ka hoʻoilo.
I ka hoʻoilo, pani ʻia ka labyrinth e ka honua a ʻaʻole wehe a hiki i ka hōʻea ʻana o ka puna. Uhi kahi ʻoka i kahi ʻāpana a i 450 m. Aia ma kahi o 10 mau waihona i loko. Inā ninini ʻia ka nui o ka honua ma ka honua, haki ka holoholona i kahi puka hou. Pani mau ia i ka lā. Hoʻoikaika ka holoholona i ka pō a i ke awakea.
Alakaʻi ka poʻe noho lalo i kahi nohona mehameha. Mālama ikaika lākou i ko lākou ʻāina mai nā kānaka ʻē aʻe. I ka wā o ka hoʻouka kaua, kū nā hakakā ma waena o nā kāne, a ʻo ka hopena ka make o kekahi o lākou.
Meaʻai kūpono
He mea mālama maoli nā mea kanu aʻa no kēia poʻe noho i lalo. ʻAihue lākou i kaʻuala, beets a me nā kāloti mai nā mahiʻai. ʻAʻole hōʻole nāʻiole mole mai nā kumu. ʻAi lākou i nā legume me ka hauʻoli nui.
ʻO ka poʻe makemake e kanu i nā moena pua, e haʻo paha lākou i nā mea kanu i loaʻa nā puʻupuʻu. Pau kēia mau mea i nā pantry o nā holoholona, kahi e mālama ai iā lākou iho he ʻumi kilokilo no ka hoʻoilo.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Noho nā ʻiole mole mai 2 a 9 mau makahiki. Pili ke ola i ka nohona. Hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ʻole ʻia ka helu o nā holoholona e ka lepo leosening, maloʻo a me ka momona nui. He mau ʻenemi kūlohelohe nā ʻiole mole, ʻoiai lākou i lalo o ka honua no ka aneane ko lākou ola. ʻImi wale ʻia lākou e ka steppe polecat, i komo i loko o ko lākou hale. Ke noho nā holoholona ʻōpio ma ka ʻili, hiki iā lākou ke lilo i poʻe alopeke a i ʻole nā manu manu lele.
I loko nō o ko lākou nohona mehameha, i ka wā hānau, hana nā rodents i mau ʻohana i piha i ke kāne a me nā wahine ʻelua. Hoʻopili nā kānaka e noho ana i ke kaiāulu. Hana ke kāne i kahi ala i lalo i ka wahine i ka lunamakaʻāinana, i ka wā o ka moʻo ʻana, hana i kekahi mau leo, e kono ana iā ia iā ia.
I loko o kēlā ʻohana, ʻike pākahi nā keiki. Hānau kekahi wahine i ka makahiki mua, a ʻo ka lua i ka makahiki ʻelua. Hānau ʻia he 2-3 mau pēpē mai Pepeluali a Mei. Hānau ʻia kahi hānau hou me ka ʻole o ka lauoho a piʻi kona kaumaha i 5 mau gram wale nō, akā ke ulu wikiwiki nei ka pēpē.
I ka makahiki hoʻokahi o ka ʻōpio, noho nā keiki i nā papa kiʻekiʻe - neʻe nā kaikamahine i ka mea kiʻekiʻe, a noho nā keikikāne i ka mea haʻahaʻa. Ke piha lākou i nā makahiki 3, manaʻo ʻia lākou he mākua a hoʻomaka i kahi ola kūʻokoʻa.
Ka pōʻino o ka ʻiole mole i nā kānaka
Kūleʻa ka pilina ma waena o nā rodents a me nā kānaka. Hana nā holoholona i ka pōʻino nui i ka hale kauwela a lawe i nā pohō nui i nā mahiʻai. Hiki i hoʻokahi holoholona ke hoʻopau i ka hua o ke kau holoʻokoʻa. Hana ʻo ia i nā waihona nui i loko o kona hale waiho, ʻaihue i nā mea kanu mai nā poʻe noho kauwela a me nā mahiʻai. I ke ao, hiki i ka pest ke lawe aku i 6 mau nāhelehele o nā aʻa aʻa.
Hoʻokumu pū nā labyrinth i lalo i lalo i nā pilikia he nui. ʻO kahi hale kauwela me nā puʻu o nā ʻāina i ahu ʻia, ʻaʻole ia he maka maikaʻi loa. Ke hehi i kahi ala hele i lalo, hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻule maʻalahi i laila i ka kuʻekuʻe wāwae. ʻIke ʻia ka pilikia o nā tunnels ma nā alanui ākea, kahi ʻiole mole holoholona ʻaʻole hoʻi e hele aʻe.
Nā ʻano hana hoʻomalu pest
I ke kaua kūʻē ʻana i nā ʻiole mole, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea make, i manaʻo ʻia no ka maunu ʻana o nā ʻiole a me nā mole, nā pahele, nā pahele a me nā pōpoki. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka lāʻau make ka mea kūpono loa i ke kaua kūʻē.
Pono e hoʻohana i nā kemika me ka mālama nui. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoiho i nā pīpī pīhoihoi a pōloli paha. Pono nō hoʻi e noʻonoʻo i ke kēkelē o ka ʻawahia o ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia, no ka mea hiki ke komo i ka lepo a hōʻeha i ka mea ponoʻī iā ia iho.
Kaulana nui nā pesticides i waena o nā mahiʻai:
- "Brodifan" - loaʻa ka huahana i ka wai. Hoʻopili lākou i ka maunu, no 1 kg pono ʻoe i 20 g o Brodifan. I ka lā ʻehā ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ka lāʻau make, e hoʻomaka ana ka ʻiole mole e hōʻeha i ka hanu. Hiki iā lākou ke hele mai i ka papa a make i ka hala o ka manawa.
- Hana ʻia ʻo "Testoks" i ke ʻano o nā briquette ʻulaʻula, he 10 g ke kaupaona ʻana. He ʻala maikaʻi ko lākou i nā pī, nā pua sunflower, nā vanila a me nā tī. Ua like kāna hana me Brodifan. I ka lā 4, ʻike nā holoholona i nā hoʻouka kaua o ka hanu ʻana, a i ka lā 6 ua make lākou ma muli o ka lōlō o ka ʻōnaehana hanu.
- ʻO ka lāʻau "Storm" i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea e pono ai. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia e ka hui Kelemania BASF. Hana ʻia ka mea i ke ʻano o nā briquette polū. He ʻala ikaika ko "Storm" e ʻumeʻume ai i ka pest.
Pono ia e hoʻohana i nā pahele
Maikaʻi loa ka ʻiole Mole, mahalo iā lākou e pale pono i nā pahele a me nā ʻano hei. ʻIke maikaʻi nā ʻelemākule i ka pilikia. ʻAneʻane hiki ʻole ke hoʻowalewale iā lākou i kahi pahele.
Hoʻopilikia hou ʻia ke ʻano e ka noho ʻana o nā holoholona i lalo o ka honua, kahi kūpono ʻole ke kiʻi aku me kahi hei. I kekahi hihia, pono ʻoe e hoʻāʻo a hele no ka hana maʻalea. Hiki koke, e lilo ka mea noho i lalo i ka makaʻala a hāʻule i kahi pahele.
No ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i kahi hei, pono ʻoe e ʻike i kahi tunnel i ʻeli ʻia e kahi koʻokoʻo a ʻeli i kahi lua i loko, ma ka liʻiliʻi he 1 mika ka hohonu. Iole mole mole ʻaʻole makemake ʻo ia i nā hoʻolālā, no laila e kolo ʻo ia i waho o ka lua e hoʻopau ai i ka papa, ʻo kēia kahi e mākaukau ai ka hei i hoʻonoho ʻia, a no ka camouflage pono e uhi ʻia me ka plywood mai luna mai.
Manaʻo ka rodent i ka pilau o ke kanaka, no laila, pono ʻoe e hoʻonohonoho i ka hei me nā mīkina lima. Pono e mālama ʻia nā kikoʻī āpau o ka hanana me nā ʻaka, ka mea, me ko lākou ʻala ʻoi, e ʻoi aku i ka pilau o ke kanaka.
Nā ʻōnaehana hoʻopau ʻole o ka paio
Hiki i nā mea aloha holoholona e minamina e luku i nā ʻiole mole ke hoʻohana i nā mea pale. ʻOiai ʻaʻole lākou e luku i ka ʻenemi, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoikaika iā lākou e haʻalele i ka pūnaewele. Loaʻa ke ʻano o ka pilau o nā mea ʻino, no laila hiki ke kiola ʻia kahi ʻāpana lole i pulu i ka ʻaila a i ʻole ka wahie diesel i loko o kā lākou lua. E ʻike ka poʻe noho ma lalo iā lākou he mea hoʻoweliweli a haʻalele i ka ʻāina.
ʻAʻole hiki i nā ʻiole mole ke kū i ke ʻala o ka lāʻau wormwood, ka ʻākala, ka mint, ka lāʻau blackroot a me nā lāʻau hazel imperial, ʻo ke ʻala maikaʻi ʻole mai loko mai o ka ipukui iā ia iho. Inā ʻoe e kanu i nā mea kanu ma ka pūnaewele, a laila hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻolana e kāpae ka rodent iā ia. ʻAʻole makemake nā ʻiole mole i ke kani nui, no laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi scarer me kou mau lima ponoʻī e kōkua e kipaku iā lākou.
- Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻāpana o ka hoʻoikaika i ka honua i 40 mau kenimika ma luna o ka ʻili.
- Hoʻokomo lākou i kahi kini hao hakahaka a kali i ka wā makani.
- Mai nā koʻo o ka panakō, e hoʻomaka ia e hoʻokau i ka hoʻoikaika, a e pāhola ʻia kahi leo leʻaleʻa i lalo o ka honua.
ʻO ka maikaʻi i ka kaohi pest he mea hana kūikawā e hoʻokuʻu i ka ultrasound. Ke kūʻai ʻana i kēlā hāmeʻa, pono ʻoe e nānā i nā helu aʻe:
- Radius o ka hana. ʻAʻole e holo pono e mālama i ka pūnaewele me hoʻokahi hāmeʻa. Pono ʻoe e kūʻai koke i mau emitters ultrasonic.
- Ke kūʻana o nā hoʻonohonoho. Pono e hiki ke hoʻololi i nā alapine. Inā ʻole, e maʻa nā koʻokoʻo iā lākou a hooki i ka hala ʻana i ka pūnaewele.
ʻO ka mea ʻoi aku o ia mau pono ke pale i nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe. E noho ka pūnaewele ma lalo o ka palekana hilinaʻi.
Noi o ka wai
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai no ka kaohi pest he hana nui ia:
- Pono e ʻike ma hea ia puka ʻiole mole, a ʻeli iā ia i nā wahi he nui.
- E lawe mai i kahi kaukini i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka wai i ka labirint a hoʻopiha maikaʻi i nā paukū āpau me ia.
- E hoʻoholo ka holoholona e haʻalele i ka lua, a ma aneʻi hiki iā ʻoe ke kāpae.
ʻĀlapa hale
Hiki ke kōkua i ka luku ʻana i nāʻiole mole. Hana maikaʻi nā dachshunds a me nā spaniels no kēia. Inā hopu ka pōpoki i nā iole, hiki ke aʻo ʻia e ʻimi i nā ʻiole mole. ʻOi loa ke hiki mai i kahi pōpoki makuahine i mākaukau e hana i kekahi mea e pale aku i kāna pēpē.
No ka hoʻowalewale ʻana i ka pest, pono ʻoe e ʻeli i kāna labyrinth, ma ka liʻiliʻi he mika ka hohonu, ʻeli i kahi lua hou 40 kenimika kokoke i ka puka. E like me kāu e ʻike ai, nui nā ʻano o ka hana ʻana me nā ʻiole mole. Kanaka kekahi o lākou, akā ʻinoʻino kekahi.
Me kā lākou kōkua, hiki iā ʻoe ke luku i nā mea make, a i ʻole e haʻalele iā lākou i ka pūnaewele. Hāʻawi maikaʻi ʻole ʻia nā lālā, ʻaʻole hele mamao nā holoholona, akā neʻe wale i nā hoanoho. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, hana nā rodents i mea pōʻino nui i nā māla māla, a ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ua helu ʻia lākou i loko o ka puke Red. No ka mea, pehea e hemo ai i kahi iole moleInā e pepehi iā ia a ʻaʻole paha, he mea pilikino ia no kēlā me kēia kamaʻāina o ke kauwela.
