Zander ʻO ka iʻa maʻamau ka iʻa i hoʻopau ʻia me ka nui. Manaʻo nā kānaka biologist i ka pike perch ma ke ʻano he hoʻokahi o nā ʻano i pili i ka ʻohana perch. Nā lawaiʻa - ma ke ʻano he lawaiʻa piliwaiwai. ʻO Chefs a me nā wahine hale - ma ke kumu o nā ipu iʻa.
Pike perch mea maʻa mau i ka waena a me nā muliwai nui o Eurasia. I ka ʻākau, loaʻa ia i ka waha o nā muliwai Siberian. Ma ka Hikina hikina, hiki ke hopu ʻia i ka wai o Lake Hanko. Ma ka hema, ua haku ʻo ia i nā muliwai a me nā loko o Anatolia. I ke komohana, aia i ka pike perch nā wahi wai wai o ʻEulopa āpau.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Zander — he iʻa kino holoholona. Ua like ia me ʻelua wai hou, ʻo nā predator kaulana a ʻeleu hoʻi: perch and pike. ʻO ke kino o ka pike-perch he pike-like ia, elongated, me nā ʻaoʻao ʻemi iki. Hoʻomaka ia me kahi ihu i kihi ʻia a wī ʻia.
ʻO ka waha, e like me ka mea kūpono i ka mea ʻaihue, nui. Ua kau ākea nā ā ā ʻelua i nā canine, ʻelua ma ka iwi ā lalo a ʻelua ma luna. Aia nā niho liʻiliʻi, ʻoi, a i uhi ʻia ma hope a ma waena o nā kini. ʻIke, hiki i kahi mea hana maxillofacial ke hopu a paʻa i ka iʻa ola.
No ka hopu pio ʻana, pono ʻoe e ʻike a ʻike. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana ʻike ke ʻano mua o ka ʻike i hilinaʻi ʻia e pikeperch. Nui nā maka o ka iʻa, pōʻai, me kahi iris ʻeleʻele. I nā kahawai a me nā loko, ʻaʻole maopopo ka wai ma mua mau. Akā ʻaʻole kūleʻa ka hihiʻo a ka zander.
Aia nā nostril ma ke alo o ke poʻo o ka zander: ʻelua puka i mua o kēlā me kēia maka. Mai iā lākou he mau ʻaoʻao kūloko i nā lālā o ka pilau. ʻAʻole like me nā ʻimi ʻike ʻala, ʻaʻohe o nā mea kūwaho i ka pike perch hālāwai kōkua. Lawe ʻia ke kani ma o nā iwi o ka iwi poʻo i ka hema a me ka ʻākau o nā mea lohe lohe. He lohe maikaʻi ko Zander. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua i ka lohe ʻana o ka iʻa i nā leo i kū ʻia ma kahakai, no ka laʻana, ka wāwae o ke kanaka.
ʻAʻole like me ka hoʻolohe ʻana, ʻaʻole i hoʻāʻo ʻia nā mea ʻono o ka pike perch. Akā ʻo lākou nō. ʻO lākou nā pūʻulu o nā pūnaewele receptor maʻalahi i hoʻopuehu ʻia i loko o ka waha a me ke kino. Hana nā pūnaewele sensory i ka hana o ka paʻi. ʻAʻole lākou i localized i kahi kikoʻī. Pā ka pike perch "me ka ʻili."
ʻO ka iʻa kū hoʻokahi ʻokoʻa ka laina laina. Holo ia ma ke kino. ʻO ka ʻāpana subcutaneous o ka laina kahi auwai me nā huna ʻino. Pili ia i ka honua i waho ma o nā lua liʻiliʻi. Hoʻouna i ka ʻikepili i ka lolo iʻa e pili ana i ke ʻaoʻao a me ka ikaika o ke kahe o ka wai. Hiki i kahi iʻa i nalowale ke ʻike ke ola ma muli o ka ʻike wale nō mai ka laina laina.
I ka pike-perch, ʻike ʻia ka laina laina ma ka lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa o kāna ala. Hoʻomaka ia mai nā operculum. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia lākou e like me ka pōpō puff: ʻo ka mua aia nā liner, a laila nā intercovers, a laila nā uhi, a ʻo ka hope hoʻi nā mea mua. Hāʻawi kēia hoʻolālā i kahi wehe pono a pani ʻia hoʻi o nā ʻoloka.
Hoʻomaka ka fin dorsal ma ka pae ma kahi e uhi ai ka ʻenā. Noho ia ma kahi o ka laina dorsal holoʻokoʻa o ke kino a mahele ʻia i ʻelua hapa. Loaʻa ka mua i nā spines 12-15. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka fin dorsal ma kahi o 20 mau kukuna uila. Ke wehe ʻia, ʻo ka fin dorsal o kahi pike perch, ʻo ia hoʻi kāna hapa mua, ua like ia me ka fin o kahi perch a ʻaʻole haʻahaʻa ia iā ia i ka ʻoʻoleʻa.
Ma kahi e hoʻopau ai ka fin dorsal i zander, hoʻomaka ka huelo. ʻO ia, he homocercal, finimetrical fin me nā lobes ikaika. ʻO ka nui a me ka hoʻolālā o ka fin e hōʻike ia no kahi iʻa wikiwiki.
E like me ka fin dorsal, ʻo ka fin tail, a i ʻole ia he pālua ʻole ka anal anal o ka pike perch. Hoʻolako ʻia me 3 mau kui, i uhi hapa ʻia i ka ʻili. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ke kino o ka pike perch i hoʻolako ʻia me ʻelua mau propellants hou: nā pectoral a me nā pelvic fins. Pākuʻi ʻia nā mea ʻauʻau ʻelua, symmetrical.
Kuhi nā kino, nā kikoʻī anatomical, ʻike i ke ʻano predatory. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūlohelohe o ka pike perch ka ale ʻana i ka mea pio a pau. I kekahi manawa he crayfish lākou, nā rana, akā pinepine ka iʻa. Nui a liʻiliʻi paha ka ruff i hopu ʻia, akā he prickly pinepine ia.
No laila, ikaika a lahilahi ka pharynx a me ka esophagus o ka pike perch. ʻAʻole liʻiliʻi ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū. Hoʻonoho paʻa ʻia nā ʻāpana āpau o ka pike perch i ka ʻaoʻao luna o ke kino a kokoke loa i ke poʻo i hiki. Hele hapa ma lalo o nā gills.
ʻAno manuahi ka ʻāina ʻōpū. Hoʻopiha ia ke moni ka zander i ka iʻa. Lawe ka ʻōpū distended i kahi hakahaka ma mua. Ke ale nei i ka iʻa, kali ka pike perch no ka mea ua pau i ka ʻai, ma hope wale nō o ka hoʻomau hou ʻana i ka hopu holoholona.
Nā ʻano
He mau ʻohana kā ka pike perch maʻamau. No lākou lākou a pau i ka ʻohana Percidae, ka inoa maʻamau o ka ʻohana he perch. ʻO ka genus kahi e hoʻopili ʻia ai nā ʻano pike-perch e halihali i ka inoa ʻepekema ʻo Sander. Loaʻa iā 9 mau ʻano.
- Pā pike maʻamau. ʻO ka ʻano maʻamau a kaulana loa. ʻO Sander lucioperca kona inoa ʻōnaehana.
- Pā pike melemele. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka mea hoʻohālikelike olaola ma lalo o ka inoa ʻo Sander vitreus. No ke kala māmā o nā peʻa, ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano he pike perch māmā.
- ʻO ka lāhui ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ka pike perch Kanada. Loaʻa ia i ka muliwai ʻo St. Lawrence, ua mākaukau i kāna mau kahawai a me nā loko i komo i kēia ʻōnaehana wai. ʻO Sander canadensis ka inoa ʻepekema o kēia kamaʻāina o ka Honua Hou.
- Pā pike kai - ka mea wale nō i kālepa aku i ka muliwai hou a me ka wai loko no ke kai. Noho i ka Caspian a me nā kahakai o ka Moana ʻEleʻele. ʻO Sander marinus ka inoa Lākina.
- ʻO ka hopena Lūkini ka Volga pike perch. Kapa nā lawaiʻa a me nā kamaʻāina iā bersh. ʻAʻole i manaʻo ʻia kēia iʻa he pike perch, akā ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻokoʻa ka iʻa iʻa predatory. ʻOiai bersh kahi ʻano pike perch me ka inoa ʻōnaehana ʻo Sander olgensis.
ʻO Pike perch he nui nā inoa inoa like. ʻIke ka poʻe noho ma ke komohana ʻākau i ka Ladoga pike perch, hopu ka poʻe lawaiʻa Novgorod i ka Ilmen pike perch, nā iʻa o Karelia iʻa ka Chelmuzh pike perch. Aia kekahi mau inoa kūloko: Syrdarya pike perch, Ural pike perch, Amudarya pike perch, Kuban pike perch, Don pike perch, pike kahawai... Ke kamaʻilio lākou e pili ana i ka pike perch i ka laulā, haʻi lākou i kēia inoa me ka ʻole o ka mākaukau a me nā adjectives, manaʻo lākou he pike perch maʻamau. Hiki iā ia ke noʻonoʻo pono ʻia ke poʻo o ka genus pike perch.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
ʻO ka pike perch maʻamau he iʻa wai hou, akā aia i loko o nā ʻano ʻelua: noho, noho a tundish paha, a me ka semi-anadromous. Nui nā ʻano iʻa i noʻonoʻo i ka hānai ʻana i nā wahi kahi e hoʻopili ai nā muliwai i kā lākou kahawai hou me ka wai paʻakai o ke kai ma ke ʻano he papahana ola maikaʻi loa. E hoʻomau i ka genus, piʻi lākou i luna o nā kahawai a me nā kahawai. Hana pū kekahi ka zander semi-anadromous.
Pili ʻia kona nohona paʻa me ke kai. Hiki i kēia, ke laʻana, ka wahi wai paʻakai iki o ke kai ʻo Azov a i ʻole Caspian. Ma ʻaneʻi ʻo ia e ʻai ai i ka sprat, gobies, sabrefish. Komo ka semi-anadromous pike perch i nā kahawai no ka hoʻoulu ʻana a piʻi i uka. Lawe pinepine ka ʻōnaehana ʻana ma kahi mamao iki mai ke kai, ma ka Volta a i ʻole Ural delta.
Loaʻa ka semi-anadromous pike perch i nā helu he nui i nā kahakai o ka Baletika. Mālama ia i nā waha o nā kahawai i nā kahawai o Riga a me Pinilana. ʻO ke au, me ka lehulehu o ka wai ʻaneʻane, lawe i ka iʻa ma ke kai awa. Aloha ka pike perch i kēlā mau wahi a kau ma kahi kokoke i nā wai wai, nā kahawai, nā wai i kahe ʻia e ka wai.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka semi-anadromous pike perch ma mua o nā mea noho. Pili paha kēia i ka ʻoiai ʻo ka pike perch, ka mea ʻaʻole e ʻōwili i lalo i ke kai no ka hānai ʻana, he ʻai liʻiliʻi kona ma ke ʻano he meaʻai. Koho nā ʻano noho o zander i nā kahawai, nā loko, a me nā waihona wai o nā kumu like ʻole e like me kahi o ko lākou kū mau. ʻO nā kūlana nui: pono ʻoe i ka wai he nui, a kiʻekiʻe ke ʻano.
I loko o ka waihona wai i koho ʻia no ke ola, loaʻa i ka pike perch nā wahi hohonu. I ka lalo, makemake ʻia ke alo o nā snags a me nā pōhaku. Nui nā koi o ka pike perch i ka lepo o lalo. He maikaʻi ʻole ʻo ia no nā wahi i hoʻonui ʻia i ka limu. Makemake i nā wahi pōhaku, one.
Ma luna o ia ʻiliʻili, "glades" one e hele ka holoholona i ka pike. Hana ia i kēia i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka lā. Koho ka pike perch i kekahi mau hola o ka lā no ka hoʻomaha. Ka mea āna i hoʻolilo ai i waena o nā pōhaku a me nā snags i loko o kahi wai i noho ʻia.
Lawaiʻa ʻana no ka pike perch
Loaʻa iā Zander i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki. ʻO kekahi o nā kau kau no kēia ka hoʻoilo. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kahi puna. Ua pani ʻia ʻo ia e ka mea kaulike. ʻO kēia kahi ʻano hou o nā kapa. A ʻo loko o ka wai hāmama, hiki ke lawe ʻia i ka zander ma ka tulle.
No kēia ʻano lawaiʻa, kūʻai mua ʻia ka iʻa tulka. Mālama ʻia ia i loko o ka pahu hau a hiki i ka lawaiʻa ʻana. Ma ka hau, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolilo i ka iʻa he 20-25 i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻAʻole hiki ke haʻi ʻia i ka nui o ka lawe mai i ka pike perch.
No kahi lawaiʻa pike perch kūleʻa, ʻaʻohe lawa nā mea maikaʻi, pono ʻoe i ka ʻike o ka waihona, nā wahi e kū ai nā pike nui. ʻO ia, nā lua, nā lua me nā snags ma lalo. ʻO ka hoʻoilo, ka lawaiʻa kaulike e hāʻawi i ka liʻiliʻi o ka hopu ʻana.
Me ka hōʻea ʻana o ka pūnāwai, e emi paha ka hopu ʻia ʻana o ka zander. Me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka hau, ka hau, hoʻomaka ka wai e hōʻea. I kēia manawa, pono ʻoe e lawe i kahi koʻokoʻo wili. ʻAʻole paʻakikī ka loaʻa ʻana o nā wahi kahi i noho ai ka pike perch. I ka puna, hui ia i nā hipa liʻiliʻi e mālama kokoke i nā lua hoʻoilo.
ʻO nā kaula wili lalo loa kekahi o nā ala e loaʻa ai ka pike perch. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona i hopu ʻia e hōʻike ana e hoʻomau ʻia ka jigging ma kēia wahi. ʻO kēlā ʻano loiloi maʻalahi e ʻae iā mākou e lawe i kahi lawaiʻa pono.
Hoʻohālikelike ka hōʻea ʻana o ka pūnāwai me ka hoʻomaka o ka wā hoʻouluulu: loaʻa ke kaumaha o ka pike ma mua o ka hānau ʻana. I kēia manawa, ʻae ka lāʻau wili iā ʻoe e lawaiʻa i ka iʻa me kahi maunu ʻokoʻa loa: kahi puna a i ka sprat like. I loko o ka wā spawning a no kekahi manawa ma hope o ia, ʻaʻole hana ka pike perch i nā hana maʻalea a ka lawaiʻa.
Ke neʻe nei mai ka pīhoihoi e hoʻouluulu, hoʻomaikaʻi hou ka iʻa i kāna gore. Hōʻike ka iʻa i kekahi manawa i ka makemake: hoʻomaka ia e haʻalele i nā maunu i hana hewa ʻole. Ma ka laulaha, he manawa paʻakikī ka puna no ka iʻa. No ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kokoke iā ia, pono ka lawaiʻa e nānā mau no nā wahi ʻoi loa a me nā maunu ʻoi loa.
ʻO Trolling kahi ʻano lawaiʻa i lawaiʻa ʻia. Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia he ʻano hana kahiko o ka lawaiʻa ʻana ma ke ala. Kūpono nā kau ʻana ma kēia ala i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki, keu hoʻi i ka wā puna.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea wili like ʻole me ka maunu no ka trolling. Kaulana nā wobblers. ʻO ka maunu kūpono a me ka hohonu o ka hoʻolei ʻia ʻana he mau ʻāpana ʻelua o kahi trolling zander kūleʻa. Hōʻoia kēia i ka nui zander i loko o ke kiʻi.
Koho ka poʻe lawaiʻa i ka hana kuʻuna e koho i ka lawaiʻa maʻa ola. I kēia mana, pili nui i ka ikaika, ka neʻe o ka iʻa nozel. Koho pinepine ʻia nā girders ma ke ʻano he pono paʻahana. ʻO kēia kahi mea i hōʻoia e holo pono i ke kauwela a me ka hoʻoilo.
ʻAiʻai Pono
Hānai ka larva zander hānau hou ma zooplankton, nā ʻano diaptomus āpau, nā cyclops. Ke ulu nei, neʻe i ka larvae o nā kolo, nā iʻa ʻē aʻe, invertebrates benthic. A laila hoʻokomo ʻia nā tadpoles a me nā iʻa liʻiliʻi i ka papaʻai.
Loaʻa i nā ʻano nohona a me ka semi-anadromous kahi papaʻai like. Akā ʻo ka pike-perch e noho nei i nā wahi e kahe ana nā kahawai i loko o ke kai he koho ākea. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka mea pio a lākou i ʻike ai, no laila ulu wikiwiki lākou. Eia hou, pono lākou i ka loaʻa hou o ka momona i ka huakaʻi i nā wahi kahi ʻōpala o zander.
Ke kiʻi ʻana i ka meaʻai mai ka pike perch, ʻike ʻia kahi hiʻohiʻona e pili ana i ke ʻano o kāna iʻa kūloko. Ma hope o ka ale ʻana i nā mea pio he nui a liʻiliʻi paha, kū aʻe ka pīkoi i kahi pale kokoke i kahi pōhaku a i ʻole driftwood a kali no ka hopena o ka ʻai o ka iʻa i hopu ʻia. A laila hoʻi ʻo ia i kāna kahua huli holoholona.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Ma loko o kāna pae, hoʻomaka ʻo Pike perch e hoʻomākaukau no ka hānau ʻana ma Pepeluali-ʻApelila. Komo ka zander semi-anadromous i ka delta muliwai. Hiki iā ia ke spawn mai nā wahi haʻahaʻa o ka delta i nā wahi i kū mau i nā mile keu.
ʻO ka spawning i ka Volga a me Ural delta he 2-3 mau pule, mai ka waenakonu o ʻApelila a Mei 5-10. I loko o ke kula hoʻomehana ʻo Kura, pike perch spawn no nā pule he 2-3 like, akā hoʻomaka ka hana ma ka hopena o Pepeluali.
No ka ʻōnaehana ʻana, nā kahawai, nā loko, nā kahawai e kahe nui ana, koho ʻia nā waihona wai me kahi au nāwaliwali. ʻO nā wahine o ka pike perch kau i kā lākou mau hua ma kahi mamao aku mai ke kahakai. Kūpono kekahi mea i lalo o ke kai i kumu no ka waiho ʻana i ka caviar: driftwood, nā aʻa, nā pōhaku.
He mea maʻamau ka ʻōnaehana manuā. Ma mua o ka hānau ʻana, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ke kāne i ka pūnaewele pūnana i manaʻo ʻia. A laila hana ʻia kahi pālua. Lawe ke kāne i ka ipo i kahi i kūpono no ka hānau ʻana. Hoʻohaʻahaʻa ka wahine i kona poʻo, hāpai i kona huelo, ʻike iā ia iho i kahi kūlana kokoke.
Hoʻomaka ke kaʻina hoʻokuʻu caviar. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole neʻe ka wahine i ka neʻe koke. Hoʻoulu ka ulu ʻana o nā hua i ka huli ʻana o ka huelo. ʻO Mahalkas, e like me kā ka lawaiʻa i kapa ai iā lākou, ʻike ʻia ma luna o ka ʻilikai. ʻIke ʻia lākou i nā helu he nui i loko o nā kahua e hoʻomōhala ana o ka pike perch.
Hele wāwae pike kāne ma kahi kokoke i ka wahine a hoʻokuʻu i ka waiū. Pike perch caviar iho i ka pūnana. Ma mua o ka hui ʻana o nā hua i loko o ka nuipa a maʻamau, loaʻa iā lākou ka manawa kūpono nui e momona. ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o kēlā me kēia hua iʻa i ka 1-1.5 mm ke anawaena. Hiki i ka wahine ke hānau he 100 a 300,000 mau pike-perches e hiki mai ana.
Pili ka iwi caviar, no laila paʻa paʻa ka nui o nā hua i ka "pūnana". Ma hope o ke kau ʻana i nā hua, pale ka kāne i nā keiki o ka wā e hiki mai ana - ka hōʻiliʻili o nā hua manu. Kipaku ʻo ia i nā pike perch e hiki mai ana e makemake ana e ʻai. Hoʻohui ʻia, ma ka hana ʻana me nā peʻa, hana ia i kahi kahawai a puni ka paʻa, hāʻawi i ke komo i nā hua oxygen. Ma luna aʻe o ka "pūnana" e kū ai ka pike ma mua o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka larvae.
ʻO ka wahine pike perch, i ka hānau ʻana, haʻalele no kāna mau wahi noho mau. Paheʻe i ke kai ka semi-anadromous pike perch. Hele nā ʻano noho i nā wahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe, hohonu o ka muliwai, waihona wai, loko. 1.5-2 mau pule ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o nā keiki, ukali ke kāne pike i ke ala like me ka wahine.
Kumukūʻai
Hāʻawi nā hale kūʻai iʻa iʻa iʻa i ka paʻakai paʻakai mai nā wahi like ʻole o Lūkia. Kūʻai kūʻai ʻia nā iʻa uncut ma 250-350 rubles. no kg. ʻOi aku ka pipiʻi o Pike perch fillet: 300-400 rubles. Ma nā wahi mamao mai nā wahi kahi i hopu ʻia ai ka pīkino a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana, ʻoi aku paha ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kumukūʻai.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Pike perch ma ke ʻano he iʻa me ke kumukūʻai awelika. I kekahi mau kīʻaha, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana pololei pike perch... ʻO kahi laʻana, aspic. Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mea ʻono no ka Makahiki Hou, lā hoʻomanaʻo, hoʻolauleʻa. Aia paha kekahi mea ʻoliʻoli e pili ana i ka pike perch iho.
ʻO ke kīʻaha "Royal Pike perch" kūlike i kēia ʻano. Hoʻopili pū ka meaʻai me nā huaalalā, ʻoi aku ka porcini. Mālama ʻia ka iʻa no 20-25 mau minuke i ka hui ʻana o ka soy sauce a me ka wai lemon. A laila palai ʻia. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻāpana o ka pike perch me nā ʻalalā i kālua ʻia, nā mea ʻai, nā mea kanu a me ka tī.
ʻAʻole paʻakikī ka hapa nui o nā kīʻaha pike perch. Loaʻa i loko o lākou kahi mea liʻiliʻi. Zander — iʻa, kuke ʻana ka mea e koi ʻole ai i kekahi mākau kūikawā. Akā ʻono, loaʻa i ke olakino a me nā meaʻai maoli Pike perch loaʻa mau.
