ʻO Gopher - he koa o ka moʻolelo. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia ke koʻokoʻo i nā moʻolelo kaʻao Kazakh; Hoʻolauleʻa ʻo Kalmyks i kona lā, e hōʻailona ana i ka hōʻea ʻana mai o ka puna. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka holoholona, ke kū nei i kahi kolamu e kiaʻi ana i kona palekana a me kāna keiki, ʻike i nā wahi huna me ka waiwai i kanu ʻia. Inā hāʻule ka pō i ka ʻanuʻu, e haʻi ka holoholona i ka mea huakaʻi hiamoe i loko o kona pepeiao kahi i kanu ʻia ai ke gula.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO Gopher pili i ka ʻohana squirrel o ke kauoha rodent, mai holoholona ʻOkoʻa nā ʻano, nā nui a me nā kala 38. ʻO ke kaupaona o ka holoholona 200-1500 g, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino mai 15 a 38 cm, ʻo ka huelo liʻiliʻi he 3 cm, ʻo ka nui he 16 cm.
ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o nā laha maʻamau o nā squirrels honua i Lūkia e komo pū me nā kala brown, brown-brown me nā kiko, nā kaha, i kahakaha ʻia me nā leo māmā ma ke kua. Keʻokeʻo pinepine ka ʻōpū me ka yellowness a i ʻole ka hina, ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula nā ʻaoʻao.
He kino elongated ko ka rodents i ke ʻano o ka paukūʻolokaʻa. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o nā wāwae hope ma mua o nā mea mua, akā me nā māiʻuʻu lima ikaika e hana i ka hana ʻana i nā lua. Liʻiliʻi nā auricle, hoʻomohala ʻole ʻia. Sulik ma he kiʻi ʻoluʻolu a nani hoʻi.
I ke kauwela, paʻakikī ka lauoho o nā holoholona, sparse a pōkole. I ka hoʻoilo, e mālama ai i ka mahana o ke kino, ulu ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o ka hulu a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi. Mālama ke kūlohelohe i ka hihiʻo o ka gopher i ka ʻāpana lepo, e hāʻawi ana i nā maka me nā lacrimal glands i hoʻonui ʻia, kahi e pale ai i nā maka mai nā mea haole.
ʻO nā ʻano o nā holoholona e mālama ana i ka meaʻai no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻeke papalina. Pono lākou ʻaʻole wale no ka mālama ʻana i ka meaʻai. ʻIke nā holoholona i kahi mea e ʻai ai, holo lākou i kā lākou lua a ʻai i ka mea a lākou i lawe ai ma hope o ko lākou papalina.
ʻEkolu mau hana o ka huelo bushy. E lawelawe ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi i ka neʻe ʻana i kahi lua pouli. Hoʻopā i nā paia o nā labyrinth, maopopo i ka holoholona i kahi e hoʻomau ai i ka neʻe. ʻO Steppe gopher i nā lā wela wela, hoʻohana ia i ka huelo e like me ka pale ʻana mai nā kukuna wela o ka lā, a i ka hoʻoilo ua hoʻopakele ʻia ia mai ke anuanu me ke kōkua o ia.
I loko o kahi kolone, kamaʻilio ka māmela i kekahi i kekahi ma o nā hōʻailona paʻakikī. ʻO ka "alelo" o nā marmots me ka ʻūlū ʻana, ka ʻāwī ʻana, ke kaniʻuhū ʻana, a me kāna. ʻAʻole lohe ʻia kahi koʻokoʻo e hōʻike ana i kahi pilikia i ka laulaha ultrasonic e nā mea ʻino, ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻohana ai nā ʻīlio prairie e aʻoaʻo aku i ko lākou poʻe hoahānau e pili ana i ka hoʻokokoke ʻana o ka ʻenemi
Akā ke hana nei ke mamao aku ka mea hoʻomakeʻa. ʻ .lelo hoʻohiwahiwa gopherʻo ka hana ʻana i nā leo nui i ʻike ʻia e ka pepeiao o ke kanaka he hōʻailona ia e hūnā koke ʻoe. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka ʻōlelo o ke kamaʻilio ʻana o nā rodents. Manaʻo nā kānaka ʻepekema me ke kōkua o nā ʻano leo like ʻole, wehewehe nā gophers i ke ʻano o ka weliweli, ka mamao iā ia, a me nā kikoʻī ʻē aʻe.
E hoʻolohe i nā leo o gophers:
Nā ʻano
Aia kēlā mau mea e noho nei ma Rūsia i kēia mau ʻano squirrels o ka honua:
- Pōhaku a pōhaku paha
Piʻi lākou a 38 cm i ka lōʻihi o ke kino a kaupaona 0.8 kg. Kahi noho holoholona holoholona wao nahele hoʻoholo i ke kala - one one monochromatic me nā loʻi pouli. Hiki ke loaʻa ka holoholona ma Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, ma nā wahi haʻahaʻa o Volga.
Alakaʻi i kahi ola mehameha, ʻaʻole hoʻokumu i kahi noho. Ma muli o kēia, akahele loa ʻo ia. Ma mua o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka lua, nānā ʻo ia i nā wahi a puni no kahi manawa lōʻihi. I ka wā o ka hānai ʻana, kū i nā kūlana ma muli o ka lau nahele. I ka mauʻu kiʻekiʻe, ʻai ʻo ia, kū i kahi kolamu, i ka mauʻu haʻahaʻa - kūlou i ka honua.
Hoʻokomo pinepine ʻia nā Sandstones i ka varminting. ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻimi haʻuki no nā koʻokoʻo e pili ana i ka hakakā ʻana i nā vector o nā maʻi a me ka pale ʻana o ka ʻāina mahiʻai mai ka luku ʻia ʻana, ʻohiʻohi ʻia nā squirrels lepo melemele i ka puna ma muli o ko lākou huluhulu nani, hoʻohana ʻia ko lākou momona no ka culinary a me nā lāʻau. ʻOkoʻa ʻo Sandstone mai nā laha ʻē aʻe o ka congeners e ka hibernation lōʻihi loa, ʻo ia hoʻi 9 mau mahina.
- ʻUlaʻula nui
ʻOi iki ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka gopher ʻulaʻula, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ke kino o 33-34 cm. ʻO ke kua i ʻulaʻula gula me nā kiko lepo, ʻaoʻao ʻulaʻula, ʻōpū hina. ʻIke maopopo ʻia nā kiko ʻulaʻula ma luna o nā kumu maka a ma nā papalina. Hiki ke kaumaha o ke kino i 1.2-1.4 kg.
Ma waena o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, kū ka pīpī honua nui no kāna ʻano hana, neʻe i ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi kahua meaʻai, ʻauʻau maikaʻi. Ma ke alo o nā lua, a hiki i 10 mau ʻāpana no kēlā me kēia pā, ʻaʻohe puʻu lepo (gophers), ʻaʻohe mea maʻamau no nā rodents o kēia genus.
ʻO ka ʻāpana hoʻokaʻawale ka stepha Kazakh a me Rūsia me nā forb, steppe ulu lāʻau. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi, loaʻa nā holoholona i ka lihi o ka ululāʻau, ma nā alanui. Hiki i nā holoholona ke noho i loko o nā ululāʻau ulu, kahi e ʻae ʻole ai nā mea kanu kiʻekiʻe i ka nānā ʻana i nā wahi a puni i kahi kūlana kolamu.
ʻO ka squirrel honua nui ʻaʻole ia he ʻano liʻiliʻi a ʻaneʻane pau ʻole paha. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, kumu ia i ka hōʻino nui ʻana i nā ʻoihana mahiʻai hana loea i ka mahi ʻana i nā hua kanu. E like me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, hoʻolaha ia i nā maʻi maʻi lele.
- Liʻiliʻi
Hinahina-ʻeleʻele a kua lepo paha ka hope me nā pā melemele. ʻO nā ʻāpana parietal a me nā ʻāpana o ke poʻo i loko o nā kala i momona hou aku, keʻokeʻo ka umauma, ʻulaʻula nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 21 knm. Liʻiliʻi ka huelo, 4 wale nō. ʻO nā biotopes kūlohelohe o ka marmot liʻiliʻi ma Rūsia nā steppes pālahalaha o ka moku Volga, nā mauna mauna haʻahaʻa o ka Ciscaucasia. Hōʻalo ka holoholona i nā wahi me nā forb kiʻekiʻe.
Loaʻa ka ʻike i kēlā me kēia mea me hoʻokahi lua. ʻAʻole mālama ka rodent. Ua manaʻo ʻia he lawe ia i nā maʻi weliweli ʻewalu i hiki ke kumu i kahi maʻi ahulau. Luku ʻole ia me ke aloha ʻole i nā cereala, melon, a me nā mea kanu nahele. ʻOiai ka palapala i hoʻomāinoino ʻia, helu ʻia ia i loko o ka puke ʻulaʻula o Crimea.
- Caucasian a kuahiwi paha
He 23-24 cm ka lōʻihi o ke kino, ʻeleʻele ke kala o hope, ʻeleʻele me ka melemele a i ʻole me ka hoʻohui o nā lauoho ʻeleʻele. Hinahina ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻaoʻao. Hoʻomaopopo hou ʻia ke ʻano i nā holoholona ʻōpio. ʻO nā wahi e puʻunaue ʻia me nā mauʻu o ka ʻāina ʻo Elbrus, nā steppe i lūlū ʻia me nā cereal, nā glades i ulu ʻia me ka juniper a i ʻole ka barberry, nā kahawai o nā kahawai Caucasian.
Inā kū ʻoe gopher i ka nahelea laila he nānā kuahiwi ia. ʻAʻole like me ko lākou poʻe huakaʻi, makemake lākou e noho i nā ākea, ma ka liʻiliʻi o nā palena o ka ululāʻau, hiki ke loaʻa ka squirrel ground Caucasian i kahi ulu lāʻau me nā pine lōʻihi, waena.
Hoʻonui wale ka pilikino holoholona i ka hale wale nō, akā ʻaʻole i nā wahi hānai, kahi e ʻai pū ai lākou i ka mauʻu me nā lālā ʻē aʻe o ka laha. Kūpilikiʻi ka gopher mauna i nā holoholona lānai i ka pālahalaha ʻana o ka maʻi ahulau.
- Mākī
ʻO nā steppe i wehe ʻole ʻia o ka East East Valley, ka ululāʻau, nā wahi hānai o nā wahi komohana o Ukraine a me Belarus kahi kahi e puʻunaue ʻia ai nā holoholona liʻiliʻi e kau ana ma mua o ka hapalua kilokika, 17 cm ka lōʻihi a loaʻa nā huelo 3-centimeter. ʻO nā mea kala ka speckled, a hāʻawi i ka inoa i kēia laha.
ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu nui o ke kua, he brown a brown. Hiki ke keʻokeʻo a melemele paha nā kiko, ʻo ka hope o ke poʻo ka pockmark. Hinahina ka ʻōpū me ka melemele, māmā ka umauma. ʻO ke kokoke loa i ke ola Hema squirrel honua kiko, ʻo ka paler ke kala.
Pōkole ke kapa, sparse koe ka huelo. Ma luna o kahi poʻo nui, kū i waho nā maka nunui me ke kaʻe keʻokeʻo. ʻAno ʻike ʻole nā pepeiao. Noho ʻo Rodents i nā wahi noho, hana i nā hybrids me kahi ʻūlū liʻiliʻi.
- ʻO Daursky
ʻO nā lunamaka o nā laha he kala māmā: he kua hina hina ke kua me nā nīnū e ʻike maka ʻole ʻia, wī ka ʻōpū, hina nā ʻaoʻao me ke kani o ka popo. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino he 20 cm, i nā mea nui loa - 23 cm.
Hana ia i nā wahi i nā steppe o Transbaikalia, no laila ka inoa ʻelua - Transbaikalian gopher. ʻO ka poʻe kipa pinepine i nā hale pilikino a me nā kauwela, nā wahi hānai, ʻaʻole mamao loa mai nā mahiʻai. Noho ia ma nā alanui a kokoke i nā alahao, e noho ana i kahi lua a haʻi.
Noho kaʻawale, ʻaʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia i nā hoʻonohonoho pūʻulu. I ka wā o ka male ʻana, hiki i ka Daurian gopher ke lanakila ma luna o 1.5 km. ʻO nā lua i kēlā me kēia makahiki me ka puka ʻole o ka pilikia a me nā gophers. Ma mua o ka hibernation, mask ia i ka lua komo me ka pua kuhukukū.
- Papalina ʻulaʻula
ʻO ka laha maʻamau i ka hema o ka Urals, ma ka Caucasus, ma Western Siberia, Kazakhstan. Ua loaʻa ka inoa o ka gopher mai nā wahi popo nui a ʻeleʻele paha ma nā papalina. I ka ʻōlelo o ka nui a me ke kaupaona, pili ia i ka wae waena.
ʻO ka mea kūikawā o ka rodent cheeked red-cheeked me ka lōʻihi o ke kino e hōʻea ana i 26–28 cm, he huelo liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ia e ana ana i 4-5 cm. ʻO ka ʻāpana luna o ke kino he gula-ʻeleʻele i ke kala me ka lehu mauna māmā. ʻO ka huelo he gula, monochromatic. ʻO nā leo ʻulaʻula i loko o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻike maka ʻole a hele ʻole paha.
Kū ke gopher maka ʻulaʻula me kahi poʻo ihu maka poʻo, nā niho nui a me nā maka. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā wahi noho he mauʻu hulu a me nā forpes step forb. ʻIke ʻia i kekahi manawa ma nā ululāʻau a me nā mauna mauna, ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 2 tausani km ma luna o ka ʻilikai.
ʻO ke kokoke loa i ka hema, ʻo ka nui o nā holoholona e liʻiliʻi, a mae ke kala. ʻO Rodents o nā laha ke ʻano o nā kolone. Hoʻopilikia i nā mea kanu cereal, māla mea kanu. Nā mea lawe malignant o encephalitis, ahulau.
- Huelo lōʻihi
ʻO ka Hikina Hikina kahi māhele o ka mahele o kahi ʻano nui o nā squirrels honua, nona ke kino i hōʻea i 32 knm, a ʻo ka huelo he hapalua ka lōʻihi. ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kāne he hapalua kilokika, ʻo ka wahine he 100 g ka liʻiliʻi. ʻIke ʻia kahi kiko keʻokeʻo ma ke kua gula ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻUlaʻula nā ʻaoʻao, melemele ka ʻōpū, ʻo ke poʻo, me nā pepeiao i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka pouli ma mua o ke kua.
Noho nā holoholona i nā mauna haʻahaʻa, nāhelehele-tundra, steppes, nā ululāʻau paina liʻiliʻi, kahi e ulu ai nā mauʻu steppe. ʻEli nā ʻīlio Prairie i nā lua hohonu me nā papa o nā kumu like ʻole. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā leo i hana ʻia e nā ʻāhiu huelo lōʻihi me kahi ʻūlū murie. Hāʻule lākou i ka hibernation, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ʻeono mau mahina, ma hope o ka hau mua.
- ʻO Beringian a i ʻole ʻAmelika.
ʻO nā Gophers o kēia ʻano ma Rūsia e maʻa mau ma Kamchatka, kahi i kapa ʻia ai lākou ʻo evrazhka, ma Kolyma, Chukotka. Makemake lākou e noho ma ka ʻāina mahiʻai kokoke i nā kauhale, akā loaʻa pū kekahi i ka nāhelehele.
Hiki i ke kino a 32 knm ka lōʻihi, a ʻo ka huelo a hiki i ka 12 cm. ʻO ke kua i nā gula keʻokeʻo me nā kiko keʻokeʻo, ʻoi aku ka momona o ke poʻo i nā kani. ʻO nā ʻaoʻao, ʻōpū o nā rodents ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula i ke kala. Ma muli o ke anuanu, makemake nā rodents i ka meaʻai holoholona (nā ʻeleka). ʻAe ʻoluʻolu lākou i nā mea maikaʻi mai nā mākaʻikaʻi, hana i nā ala i loko o kā lākou wahi kaʻa. Noho lākou i nā kolone, ʻeli lākou i nā lua lala, kahi i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi no nā lako e ʻai ʻia ma hope o ke ala ʻana mai ka hibernation.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
ʻOiai loaʻa kekahi mau ʻano i nā ulu lāʻau a me nā ulu lāʻau ʻoka, makemake ka hapanui e noho i nā ʻāina ākea. Loaʻa kēia i ka hiki ke mālama i ka palekana. Nui nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o Gophers. Hoʻopili kēia i nā pueo, nā lupe, nā ʻio. Mai nā holoholona - nā ʻalopeke, nā ʻīlio hae, nā ʻīlio hae, nā raccoons. ʻO ka bandaging, nāhesa, ferret ka mea weliweli loa, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke komo pololei i ka home.
ʻO nā Steppes, nā wahi hānai, nā kula me nā mea kanu haʻahaʻa a me nā lau nahele kūpono nā wahi noho no ka ʻūlū. Ua lawe i kahi ʻūlū i kahi kolamu a nānā i nā ʻāina kokoke, ua ʻike ka holoholona i ka pilikia i ka manawa a ua aʻo aku i kona poʻe hoahānau me nā hōʻailona leo. ʻAʻole i mau nā ʻīlio Prairie e puʻuhonua i ko lākou home. Holo lākou i ka lua mua a lākou i ʻike ai, kahi e kū ai lākou i ke kūʻē ʻana o ka mea ʻona.
Ua hāʻawi ke kūlohelohe i nā gopher me nā wāwae ikaika me nā māiʻu ʻoi loa a me kahi ʻano kūikawā o nā ā āole e maʻalahi ai ke ʻeli ʻana i nā lua. ʻO kēlā me kēia holoholona, me ka nānā ʻole inā e noho ana i kahi kolone a i ʻole ʻo ia wale nō, he "keʻena" ponoʻī kāna, a ʻoi aku pinepine.
Ke ʻeli nei kekahi mau ʻano i nā lua a ʻekolu mau mika ka hohonu a 15 mau mika ka lōʻihi o ka gopher he holoholona i ke ao. Hanai ia i ke kakahiaka, ke hoʻomaloʻo ka lā i ka hau i ka mauʻu, a i ke ahiahi. Noho i nā hola wela loa i kahi lua, hele e hiamoe i ka napoʻo ʻana o ka lā.
No ka hoʻoilo, hibernates ia, e mau ana ma muli o ke ʻano o ka nohona. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kūkulu ʻākau, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka manawa hiamoe. ʻO ka palena ʻoi loa ʻo 9 mau mahina. Ma mua o ka hiamoe ʻana i ke kino o nā rodents, kū nā metamorphoses ʻoi. ʻO ka lele o ke kiʻekiʻe o nā steroid, hoʻonui ka nui o nā mākala, nā protein i pau i ka hoʻoilo.
Hiamoe loa ke gopher. Hiki ke ala wale ʻia e kahi kulu o ka mahana ma lalo -25 ° С. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia e nā steppe choris, e ʻai nei i nā gophers e hiamoe ai. I ka wā o ka torpor, lilo ka ʻaole i ka hapalua o ko lākou kumu maoli. ʻO ka maloʻo a me ka nele o ka meaʻai e alakaʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā holoholona hibernate i ke kauwela, ke kali nei no nā manawa paʻakikī.
Meaʻai kūpono
Hoʻopili ka papaʻai a ka gopher i nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona. Pili ka lakio i ka wahi o ka noho ʻana. ʻO ka mamao o ke kūkulu ʻākau o nā rodents, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā protein holoholona e pono ai lākou. ʻO nā meaʻai kanu mea kanu maʻamau e pili pū me:
- palaoa, legume;
- meloni;
- nā mea kanu (clover, wormwood, bluegrass, dandelion, highlander, nettle, knotweed);
- ʻōpuʻu o nā ʻaka hihiu, nā tulipe;
- sunflower, ʻoka, maple, nā hua ʻapelika;
- wana ʻōpio o ka wilou;
- ʻulā, hua hua.
Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka wā, ʻai nā squirrels honua i nā ʻāpana lalo a i ʻole nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo o nā mea kanu, nā hua. I ka hōʻea ʻana i nā māla, hoʻopau nā holoholona i nā kāloti, nā beets, nā ʻōpuʻu gladioli. Mai ka meaʻai holoholona, ʻo ka papaʻai pū kekahi:
- nā mea kolo (nalo, ʻūhini, ilo, ʻūhini);
- larva;
- hua manu;
- nā ʻiole vole, nā moa.
Me ka lawa ʻole o ka waihona meaʻai, ʻai nā gopher i ka ʻōpala o ka meaʻai, ka ʻai. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hihia cannibalism ma nā wahi nui.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
ʻOiai ka lahilahi a me ka nāwaliwali ma hope o ka hibernation i gophers, hoʻomaka ke kau male ʻana i kekahi mau lā ma hope o ke ala ʻana. ʻAʻole me ka hakakā ʻole ma waena o nā hoa paio no ka maka o nā hoa aloha.
Hānau nā wahine hānai i nā keiki no hoʻokahi mahina. Hānau ʻia ʻelua a ʻumikūmāono. Pili ka helu o nā keiki i ka nohona a me ka lako o ka meaʻai.
Hānai nā pēpē i ka waiū o ka makuahine no hoʻokahi mahina a me ka hapa, ma hope o ʻelua pule hoʻomaka lākou e ʻike. Hiki iā lākou ke hānai iā lākou iho ma hope o 30 mau lā, akā e noho mau i kahi lua maʻamau a ʻekolu mau mahina paha. Pale nui ka wahine i nā keiki mai nā malihini kipa ʻole ʻia. I ʻike ʻia aku nui aku, i kēia manawa fluffs i ka huelo, ālai i ke ala. Hele nā ʻōpio makua i nā lua i ʻeli pono ʻia e ka makua.
ʻO ka Late spring, nā hihia o ka cannibalism a me nā predators ke kumu no ka nui o ka make o nā holoholona ʻōpio. I ka nahele hihi, ʻaʻole ola lōʻihi nā koʻekoʻe - 2-3 mau makahiki. ʻO kekahi poʻe, ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi, ola i ʻewalu mau makahiki.
ʻAʻole lawe wale nā rodents i nā maʻi maʻi a waiho i nā wahi ʻōhule nui i nā mahina ʻai i kanu ʻia me nā cereal. Kūpono ke kuleana o ka gopher i ke ʻano penei:
- hoʻemi i nā heluna o nā mea make pepeke;
- e hoʻonui ana i ka permeability o ka momona o ka lepo a me ka ea, e wikiwiki ana i ka palaho ʻana o nā meaola.
- kahi hoʻonui i ka helu o nā ʻano manu laha ʻole o nā manu lele e ʻai ana i ka ʻaole.
ʻO ka hulu o kahi squirrel honua nui, i loaʻa i ka puna, lawelawe ʻia ma ke ʻano he miko o ka mink. Mālama ʻia nā ʻōnaehana hanu me ka momona momona o ke kaolaola. Hōʻalo ka huahana i ka hemo ʻana o nā toxins mai ke kino, loaʻa kahi hopena tonic a me bactericidal.
Hoihoi ka poʻe heluhelu puke ʻulaʻula gopher holoholona ʻaʻole paha... Ua hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻano liʻiliʻi, ʻulaʻula a papalina hoʻi i ke kūlana o ka hopohopo a kākaʻikahi ʻia ma ka Teritori Stavropol, Altai, ka Caucasus, ma nā moku ʻo Bryansk, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā kumu ka pālahalaha nui ʻana o ka ʻāina, ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pesticides, ka hoʻonui ʻia o nā predators, a me ka puhi ʻana i nā mea kanu.
Nalo kekahi ʻano ʻīlio prairie a hiki i nā mālama kūlohelohe. Aia kahi koi nui e hana i nā biotopes a me nā kahu hānai. He hana lahui ka mālama ʻana i ka pono lilolo o ko ka ʻāina holoholona.
