Lark - kahi lawena o ka puna
Lark - kekahi o nā lunamaka mele mele kaulana loa a nā manu. ʻOluʻolu ʻo ia i ʻelima mau ʻāinapuni me nā trill puna. Ua kapa ʻia kahi mea lewa i kona hanohano: ka asteroid Alauda (unuhi ʻia mai ka ʻōlelo Latina: lark).
Lāki maʻamau
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO nā manō he manu liʻiliʻi he 12 a 24 mau kenimika ka lōʻihi, he 15 a 75 paha mau pā. He ākea nā ʻeheu, hiki i ko lākou lōʻihi i 30-36 kenimika. ʻIke nā manu i ka lewa: hōʻike lākou i ka lele wikiwiki a me ka mālama maikaʻi.
E like me ka nui o nā manu ʻāina, ka hapanui o nā ʻano manō he manamanalima ke nānā i hope a hoʻopau i kahi māiʻu lōʻihi. Manaʻo ʻia kēia hoʻolālā wāwae e hāʻawi i ke kūpaʻa ke neʻe i ka honua. Hele wikiwiki kēia mau manu i ka honua.
ʻAʻole aniani ke kala o ka plumage, akā ʻano ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka laulā nui he hina-ʻeleʻele me nā kaha kukui. Hāʻawi kēia kapa iā ʻoe e camouflage kūleʻa, e neʻe ana ma ka honua. Aia i ka pūnana, hui piha ka manu me ke kaiapuni.
Skylark liʻiliʻi
Aia kekahi manu i ʻokoʻa ke kala i ka mea maʻamau - kēia ʻelele ʻeleʻele... Pili kēia ʻano i ka genus o steppe lark. Kūlike ke kala i ka inoa: ʻane ʻane ʻeleʻele ka manu. Me ka palena māmā ma nā ʻeheu. Hōʻike ʻia kēia i nā inoa kaulana: chernysh, starling ʻeleʻele, karaturgai (black lark, ma Kazakh).
Molth nā manu i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki, ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka wā pūnana. Hoʻopau loa ʻo Chicks i ka hāʻule ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka pūnana. Ua hoʻolei lākou i kahi lole mālamalama, a lilo i mea ʻike ʻole ʻia mai nā manu makua.
Pākaʻi Crest
Hānai nui nā mākua i nā ʻanoʻano, hānai ʻia nā keiki moa me ka meaʻai protein, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā ʻelala. Kūwili iki nā nuku o ka manu, kūpono kūpono no ka ʻili ʻana i nā hua a ʻeli i ka honua ke ʻimi nei i nā mea ʻino. ʻAʻohe ʻokoʻa kāne a me ka nui, a hōʻike maikaʻi ʻole ʻia i ke kala.
Nā ʻano
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā manō i ka hoʻohālikelike olaola i 1825 e ka mea kālaolaolaolaola ʻo Nicholas Wigors (1785-1840). Ua ʻike mua ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he subfamily. Akā ma hope ua kaʻawale lākou i kahi ʻohana kūʻokoʻa ʻo Alaudidae. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui o kēia ʻohana ka hana kapuaʻi. Aia kekahi mau papa horny ma ka tarsus, ʻoiai hoʻokahi wale nō melebirds.
Pāʻeleʻele ʻĀheu keʻokeʻo
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia he ʻohana nui e ka Lark. Loaʻa iā ia he 21 genera a ma kahi o 98 mau ʻano. ʻO ka genus maʻamau ka lae māla. Ua komo ʻo ia i ka mea hoʻohālikelike ma lalo o ka inoa ʻo Alauda Linnaeus. Loaʻa nā ʻano 4.
- Lark maʻamau - Alauda arvensis. He ʻano nominative kēia. Hiki ke loaʻa iā ia ma Eurasia, a i ka Arctic Circle. Loaʻa ma ka ʻĀkau o ʻApelika. Hoʻokomo ʻia i ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ʻAukekulia, Oceania a me Nūhōlani.
- Liʻiliʻi lāki a i ʻole he kai kū i ka hikina. Ka inoa ʻōnaehana: Alauda gulgula. ʻIke ʻia ma ka steppes Barnaul, ma Kazakhstan, nā ʻāina ʻo Central Asia, ma ka hema hikina o ʻAsia, ma nā moku mokupuni o ka Moana Pākīpika.
- Pākuʻi ʻāheu keʻokeʻo, Lark Siberian - Alauda leucoptera. Ua pālahalaha nui kēia ʻano i ka hema o Lūkia, ma Caucasus, lele i ka ʻākau o ʻIrani.
- Razo Island Lark - Alauda razae. Manu ʻimi noiʻi liʻiliʻi loa. Noho ia i hoʻokahi wale nō o nā Mokupuni ʻo Cape Verde: Razo Island. Ua wehewehe ʻia a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka ʻōnaehana biology i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 19 (i ka 1898).
Razo Lark (hopena)
Ma waho aʻe o ke kahua, ua loaʻa i kekahi mau genera ko lākou mau inoa mai kā lākou makemake e noho i kahi ʻāina.
- ʻO nā steppe lark, a i ʻole jurbay - Melanocorypha. Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻelima mau ʻano i kēia ʻano. Noho lākou ma nā wahi hema o Rūsia, ma nā pāpū o nā repubalika ʻAkia Waena, ma Caucasus, ma ʻEulopa ma ka hema o Palani a me nā Balkans, ma Maghreb.
- Nā Lāʻau Skylark - Lullula - he mau manu i hoʻololi i nā ʻanuʻu a me nā māla a neʻe i nā kaʻe a me nā ulu lāʻau. Aia ko lākou wahi pūnana ma ʻEulopa, ma ke komohana hema o ʻAsia, ma ka ʻākau o ʻApelika.
- ʻO Shrub Lark - Mirafra. ʻAʻole hoʻoholo loa nā ʻepekema i ka ʻano o kēia ʻano. Wahi a nā kumuwaiwai like ʻole, komo pū nā ʻano 24-28. ʻO ka wahi nui nā savannah o ʻApelika, steppes ma ke komohana hema o ʻAsia.
ʻO Steppe lark Jurbay
ʻO ke ʻano o nā ʻano lāki like ʻole. Liʻiliʻi nā ʻokoʻa o ka nui a me ke kala. Akā aia kekahi mau manu i hoʻoholo i ko lākou inoa i nā hiʻohiʻona o ko lākou helehelena.
- Nā Lark liʻiliʻi - Calandrella. Hoʻopili kēia genus i nā ʻano 6. Hoʻohālikelike ka inoa i ka peculiarity o kēia manu - ʻo lākou ka mea liʻiliʻi loa o nā lark āpau. ʻO ke kaupaona o kekahi kanaka ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku i ka 20 gram.
- Nā Lani Horned - Eremophila. Hoʻokomo wale ʻia nā ʻano 2 i kēia ʻano. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo "Horn" ma ke poʻo mai ka hulu. Lele i ke kiʻi mahalo i nā "pepeiaohao" ke ʻano o ka diabolō. ʻO ke ʻano wale nō o nā lark nona ka wahi i hōʻuluʻulu i ka tundra.
- Nā Passerine Lark, inoa ʻōnaehana: Eremopterix. He ʻano nui ia nona nā ʻano 8.
- Nā Lūkini Kūhewa - Galerida. ʻO nā manu āpau e pili ana i kēia genus ke hiʻohiʻona ʻia e ka nuku ʻoloka ikaika a me kahi kiko i haʻi ʻia ma ke poʻo.
- Longspur lark - Heteromirafra. Hoʻokomo wale ʻia nā ʻano 2 i kēia ʻano. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia lākou e nā manamana wāwae elongated. Noho nā ʻano ʻelua i ka hema o ʻApelika ma kahi palena palena nui.
- Nā lark mānoanoa - Ramphocoris. ʻInikaha Monotypic. Loaʻa he 1 mau ʻano. He nuku ikaika ko ka manu. Makemake lākou e noho i nā wahi wao nahele o ʻAkau ʻApelika a me ʻAlapia.
Lark african loihi
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Kahi noho punahele: nā ʻāpana steppe, nā mahina ʻai me ka mauʻu haʻahaʻa, ʻāina mahiʻai. I ka wao nahele ʻia o nā ululāʻau a hana ʻia nā māla mahiʻai hou, hoʻonui ka laulā.
ʻO nā ʻano wale nō e pili ana i ka nahele ʻili lāʻau... Noho ʻo ia i loko o nā ulu lāʻau ākea, nā ululāʻau, nā lihi, nā lilelile, hoʻomehana ʻia e ka lā. Hōʻalo kēia manu i nā nāhelehele ulu lāʻau, nā mea nunui i ulu ʻia me nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe.
Horned lazaron
He aha ka manu lark: migratory a i ʻole hoʻoilo? Hōʻike ʻia ka hapa nui o nā manu e ka neʻe kau o ka wā, ka neʻe ʻana mai ko lākou kahua hoʻoilo i ko lākou homeland, akā ʻo kekahi poʻe e pūnana i nā wahi mehana. Hōʻole lākou e lele. Hana ʻia kēia ma ka hema o Caucasus, ma ka hema o ʻEulopa.
ʻO ka ʻōlelo i haʻi ʻia manu kūkae neʻe, pono no ka ʻohana holoʻokoʻa holoʻokoʻa. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia mai nā heluna kanaka e hānai i nā wahi me nā hoʻoilo koʻikoʻi. Me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke anuanu anuanu, ʻo nā manu āpau e waiho ana i ka ʻākau o (ka hola) kanalima kanalima latitude, kū ma luna o ka ʻēheu a me nā ʻohana hipa e hele i ke Kai Kaiwaenahonua, i ka ʻākau o ʻApelika, a i waena o ʻAsia.
I ke kau mua, hoʻi mai nā pūʻulu mele mai nā wahi hoʻoilo. ʻO ka hōʻea ʻana o nā lark i waena o nā lāhui he nui ma ʻEulopa, e like me Lūkia, pili pili loa ʻia me ka pūnāwai i hoʻomoʻa ʻia nā pōpō i kapa ʻia he manō i Malaki. ʻO kēia nā huahana culinary maʻalahi e like me ka manu ʻole me nā hua puaʻa ma kahi o nā maka.
Longspore lark
I ka hoʻi ʻana i nā wahi pūnana, hoʻomaka nā kāne e hīmeni, hoʻomaka ke kau moʻa no nā manu. Nā mele Lark hiki ke wehewehe ʻia ma ke ʻano he mau o nā mele melodic a me nā leo piha. Hōʻike pinepine nā Lark i ko lākou hiki ke hoʻohālikelike i nā manu ʻē aʻe. Hīmeni nā manō i ka lele a mai ka honua.
ʻO ka lele keu keu loa loa me ka mele. Ua hōʻea i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 100-300 mau mika, kau ka lark no kekahi mau minuke. A laila, lohi, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻoki ʻana i ke mele, iho i lalo. A i ʻole hāmau, iho i lalo, ʻaneʻane hāʻule, i ka honua.
Nui nā ʻenemi o kēia manu. ʻOi loa i ka wā hānau. Mākaukau nā Hedgehogs, nāhesa, nā mea ʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me waena hoʻi e luku i ka pūnana, ka pale wale nō o nā camouflage. No nā mākua, weliweli loa nā manu lū. ʻO nā Sparrowhawks, nā mea keʻakeʻa, nā mea leʻaleʻa, a me nā falconry ʻē aʻe e hopu i nā ʻale i ka lele.
Mākala mānoanoa
Lark - songbird... No laila, ua lōʻihi ko lākou hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻopaʻa pio iā ia. Akā ua alakaʻi ka makaʻu a me ka nondescriptness i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i ko mākou ʻāina hiki iā ʻoe ke lohe i kahi lark wale nō i ke kūlohelohe.
Makemake ka poʻe Kina e mālama i nā manu i nā pā. Ua hōʻiliʻili lākou i ka nui o ka ʻike ma ka mālama ʻana wale nō, akā i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā hoʻokūkū melebird. ʻO nā laha āpau, ʻo ka lark Mongolian ka mea maʻamau i nā home Kina.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻO nā kolo a me nā ʻāpana nā meaʻai o ka ʻai a ka ʻola. Loaʻa nā meaʻai i ka pecking insect a me nā hua mai ka lepo a mai nā mea kanu, mai ke kiʻekiʻe o kā lākou ulu ponoʻī. Hoʻohana ʻia nā nalo like ʻole. Ma waho aʻe o ka coleoptera, ʻaʻole hoʻowahāwahā nā lark iā Orthoptera, ʻaʻohe ʻēheu.
ʻO ia, kēlā me kēia mea i hiki ke hopu ʻia me ka naʻi o ko lākou nuku a me ka ʻōpū puʻupuʻu. Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai ma ka wāwae wale nō, loaʻa ka lark i nā lūlū i hāʻule a i ʻole ulu haʻahaʻa. Minamina, he meaʻai kēia mau mele mele liʻiliʻi.
ʻAʻole wale no nā mea hōkai. Ma ka hema o Palani, ma ʻItalia, ma Kupero, hoʻomākaukau mau ʻia nā ipu ʻono mai iā lākou. Hoʻomoʻa lākou, kāwili ʻia, hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka hoʻopiha ʻana i nā pai ʻai. Manaʻo ʻia nā alelo lark he mea mālama pono kūpono i nā kānaka kau lei. Pēlā ka hopena ʻaʻole wale o ka manō, akā nā manu lele he nui.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Pālua nā Lark i ka wā mua o ka puna. Ma hope o kēlā, komo nā kāne i ka hīmeni kakahiaka. ʻO kēia kahi ʻāpana o ka hana male. Hōʻike i ka nani o kekahi a me ka hoʻokohu ʻana o ka teritori Nesting, ka nānā pono ʻana o ka pono.
Pūnana lāke wahie
Noho paʻa nā paʻa manu ma kahi kokoke loa. Hiki i hoʻokahi hectare ke hoʻokau i nā pūnana he 1-3. No laila, ʻike mau ʻia nā kumu o ka hakakā. Hoʻoweliweli ka hakakā. ʻAʻohe lula a i ʻole nā hana dueling kupaianaha. Huikau wale, ma muli o ka hopena o ka hope o ka mea hana hewa palena. ʻAʻohe mea i loaʻa i nā ʻeha koʻikoʻi.
Ke ʻimi nei nā wahine i kahi e pūnana ai. ʻO ka punana Lark - He kaumaha kēia i ka honua, he lua i kahi wahi malu a hūnā. Hoʻomoe ʻia ka lalo pola o ka pūnana me ka mauʻu maloʻo, ka hulu a me ka noho lio. Ke mākaukau ka pūnana, hiki mai ka moʻa.
I loko o kahi paʻa, 4-7 mau hua liʻiliʻi o ʻeleʻele a melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, i uhi ʻia me nā kiko o nā aka like ʻole. Hana nā wahine i ka hoʻouluulu. ʻO Masking ke ala nui e mālama ai i ka pūnana. Lele aku nā manu a holo wale paha ke hōʻike maopopo lākou iā lākou iho. Ma hope o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka makaʻu, hoʻi lākou i ka pūnana.
Inā make ka paʻa ma muli o nā hana a kānaka a i ʻole nā mea ʻaihue, hoʻomoe hou ʻia nā hua. Ma hope o 12-15 mau lā, ʻike ʻia nā keiki makapō, makapō. Hānai ikaika ko lākou mau mākua iā lākou me nā pepeke. Ulu a ulu a wikiwiki lākou. Ma hope o 7-8 mau lā, hiki iā lākou ke haʻalele i ka pūnana no kahi manawa pōkole, ma hope o 13-14 mau lā hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻāʻo iā lākou iho i ka lele.
I ka makahiki o hoʻokahi mahina, hoʻomaka ka moa e hānai iā lākou iho. Aia kahi hoʻololi mai ka protein protein i ka meaʻai mea kanu, pani ʻia nā insect e nā hua. I ka manawa like, kū ka molt piha mua. Lilo ke kapa huluhulu i mea like me nā manu makua.
ʻĀlapa a me ka lae ulu wahine
ʻO ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o nā moa he ala kūlohelohe ia e mālama ai i ka lehulehu. No ke kumu hoʻokahi, hana nā lark ma kahi o nā mea nalowale i nā paʻa hou, a ʻaʻole kau palena ʻia i hoʻokahi puaʻa. I loko o ke kau, hiki i kahi ʻohana lark ke hana i nā paʻa lima he 2-3 a hānai pono i nā keiki.
ʻAʻole lōʻihi ke ola o kahi lark: 5-6 mau makahiki. Wahi a nā Ornithologists inā mālama ʻia i kahi hale manu, hiki iā lākou ke ola palekana no 10 mau makahiki. Ua loaʻa i ka lark kona wahi koʻikoʻi i nā kaao, nā kaʻao a me nā hana moʻokalaleo. Hana mau ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he harbinger o kahi ola hou.
