ʻO ka nohona o nā bea - nā mauna Himalayan, i hāʻawi i ka inoa i nā holoholona, akā i kēia lā ua pāhola aku lākou i nā wahi ʻē aʻe, a ʻaʻole hiki ke ola i nā kuahiwi. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona a me nā hiʻohiʻona o kēia holoholona a me ka ʻokoʻa mai nā bea ʻē aʻe he keʻokeʻo a i ʻole melemele crescent ma ka ʻāʻī a me ka ʻeleʻele, aahu hinuhinu a puni ke kino.
Pono e mālama a hoʻonui ʻia ka heluna kanaka, akā ala aʻe kekahi mau pilikia ma muli o nā peculiarities o ka meaʻai, ka hānau a me ka noho ʻana o kēia mau holoholona.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Noho ka bea i ka nāhelehele, no laila, mānoanoa a lūlū kona kapa, a i ka hoʻoilo, ʻike ʻia ka fluff ma lalo o ke kapa. ʻAe kēia i ka holoholona e mālama i ka mahana o ke kino a hūnā i loko o kahi ana e kali ana i ka puna. I ke kauwela, ʻoi aku ka lahilahi o kaʻaʻahu, ʻōlinolino, a ʻo ka undercoat e nalo ʻaneʻane pau loa.
Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka ʻāina e noho ai ka bea, hiki i ka ʻahu ke hoʻololi i ke kala - mai ka ʻeleʻele a i ka ʻulaʻula. Bea Himalayan kū i waena o nā holoholona o ka ʻano like me kona nui maʻamau ʻole, ʻano o nā pepeiao a me ke ʻano o ka iwi poʻo. Ua poepoe nā pepeiao o ka bea, a ʻoi ka waha a me ka ʻeleu loa. ʻAʻole nui nā holoholona i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā bea ʻē aʻe - ʻo ka awelika o ke kāne he 100 - 120 kilokilo.
Noho ka Himalayan i nā manawa he nui i nā kumulāʻau, kahi e piʻi ai ʻo ia ma muli o ka ikaika o nā wāwae i mua me nā māiʻuʻu ʻoi a ʻoi hoʻi. ʻAʻohe hana o nā wāwae hope, ʻae wale lākou i ka bea e mālama i kahi kūlana ākea ma ka honua, akā makehewa loa ia no ka piʻi ʻana i nā kumulāʻau.
Hoʻohana ka bear i nā forelimbs no ka ʻeli ʻana i ka lepo, huki i ka ʻili a me nā aʻa o nā mea kanu.
Ua hāʻawi nā Zoologists i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka Himalayan bear species ma ke ʻano he palupalu a pono i ka pale. ʻO ka ʻimi ʻana i nā huluhulu a me nā holoholona, a me nā loli i nā ʻāpana kūlohelohe, ua alakaʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hōʻemi nui ka helu.
ʻO ke koʻikoʻi ma muli o ke aniau, ke kua ʻana i nā kumulāʻau ke kumu nui o ka luku ʻia o nā laha, akā ua waiho pū ka lawaiʻa i kahi māka nui ma nā helu.
Hoʻolaha ʻia ka bea e alualu ʻia no kāna paws, gallbladder a me kona ʻili, he mea kumukūʻai loa. Hoʻopau ʻia lākou e nā bea a me nā māla, no ka mea, sneak ka holoholona i nā wahi noho a luku i nā wahi mahiʻai.
ʻO nā bea palaoa Himalayan a pale ʻia nā holoholona umauma keʻokeʻo ma Kina, ʻInia, a aneane hoʻi ma nā wahi āpau o Iapana a me Lūkia. Ma Rūsia, aia ka pāpā o nā bea hahai holoholona, a hoʻopaʻi nui ʻia ka ʻaihue ʻana i kēia pāpā.
ʻO ka Baloo kaulana mai Mowgli kekahi bea Himalayan
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hiʻohiʻona o ka holoholona:
- pōkole a maʻalahi ka hulu. Mahalo i kēia ʻōnaehana, ʻike maikaʻi ʻia ke kukui mai ona aku, hoʻomālamalama ka ʻahu. ʻAʻohe ʻike ʻia ke kala ʻulaʻula a brown paha i kēia ʻano;
- kuʻi nā pepeiao i waho o ke kaulike, a ʻano like me ka bele i ke ʻano;
- ma lalo o ka ʻāʻī, kala ʻia ka hulu hipa keʻokeʻo a melemele paha;
- lōihi ʻia ka huelo - ma kahi o 11 mau kenimika.
Himalayan bear i ke kiʻi ʻo ka manawa pinepine he ʻeleʻele momona kāna a me kahi puka ʻano i ka ʻāʻī, akā ʻokoʻa paha nā ʻelele ʻokoʻa o nā laha i nā ʻano kūwaho.
ʻOkoʻa ia mai kona mau congeners i ke ʻano o ka cranium. Pelu ʻia nā iwi i hiki ke hele maikaʻi ke poʻo iwi poʻo, lawa ka iwi ā lalo. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka maka i hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kahi kanaka. Hōʻike kēia mau holoholona i ko lākou naʻau: neʻe i ko lākou ihu a me nā pepeiao.
He helehelena ʻeleu ko Himalayan bea
Nā ʻano
Ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kaiapuni a me nā kūlana ʻimi holoholona, bear himalayan ʻeleʻele ua ʻike ʻia he holoholona ʻaneʻane make. Pono e pale ʻia kēia ʻano a me kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke loli ke kala o ka bea o hoʻokahi ʻano i ke ʻano o ka nohona, akā aia kekahi mau ʻāpana o nā holoholona i ka zoology.
ʻĀina nui:
- laginer;
- thibetanus;
- ussuricus.
Mokupuni:
- mupinensis;
- formosanus;
- gedrosianus;
- japonicas.
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokaʻawale i kahi ʻano kaʻawale o Bear-Sloth, kapa ʻia pēlā no ke ʻano o ke ʻano o nā lehelehe o ka holoholona. Hoʻonui ka shaggy, ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi i nā hiʻohiʻona a ʻokoʻa ka Sloth bear mai nā bea ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole "waiho" maikaʻi ke kapaʻahu, no laila ua nalowale ke kukui. ʻIke ʻia nā sloth sloth ma Lūkia, i ka paʻa pio ʻana, a ma nā kūlana kūlohelohe i India, Ceylon. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ka bear i kā lākou papaʻai me nā ants a me nā mea kolo liʻiliʻi.
ʻAʻole pouli nā bea Himalayan. Hiki i ka hulu pōkō shiny ke loaʻa i kahi aka ʻokoʻa - lepo - ʻulaʻula a ʻeleʻele - ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele. Akā he wahi melemele a keʻokeʻo paha ko kēlā me kēia ma ka umauma, kahi e hōʻike ai i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā holoholona ʻaʻole wale i nā ʻano, akā i nā subspecies hoʻi e kahi noho.
Noho ka species gedrosianus i kahi kūlana kūikawā. Noho ʻo ia i nā ululāʻau maloʻo, kahi e hoʻokaʻawale nui iā ia mai ka Himalayan a i ʻole ʻo Ussuri bear. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o kēia holoholona, a he kala ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha ka lole o ka pale.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Pea Himalayan ma ka ʻāina nui Mālama ʻo ia i nā wahi me nā lau nahele he nui, a kākaʻikahi ka noho ʻana ma nā wāwae, ʻo ia hoʻi i ke kau anuanu. I ke ao, hana nui kēia mau holoholona a hana nui i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai a me kahi maikaʻi e noho ai, akā i ka pō hiki iā lākou ke komo i nā wahi e noho ʻia e ka poʻe, peʻe mai nā ʻenemi.
I Lūkia Noho ʻo Himalayan bea ma ka Hikina hikina wale nō, a ua liʻiliʻi kekahi o nā kānaka i kū i ke kūlohelohe. ʻO nā wahi noho ʻē aʻe o ka bea: ka pali ʻo Himalayan a me nā wahi a puni nā kuahiwi - i ke kauwela e piʻi kiʻekiʻe nā holoholona, akā i ka hoʻoilo e iho lākou i lalo a hoʻolako i nā lua. Noho pū lākou ma nā mokupuni Kepani - Shikoku a me Honshu a me Kōlea.
Hiki i ka Himalayan ke noho i nā wahi like ʻole, akā ʻo nā wahi wao nahele ka wahi kūpono loa no lākou, e like me nā ululāʻau ululāʻau nui. Ma ka panalāʻau o Rūsia, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia nā bea me nā umauma keʻokeʻo. Ma mua, ua noho lākou i nā awāwa o ka Teritori Primorsky, akā i kēia lā neʻe aku nā holoholona i koe i ke kahawai o ka muliwai ʻo Koppi a i nā mauna ʻo Sikhote - Alin.
Hoʻomākaukau pū lākou i nā lua, kahi e hoʻomaha ai a hiamoe ai mai Nowemapa a Malaki. Hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia nā ana e hoʻomehana ai a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi. Koho nā bea Himalayan i nā wahi maikaʻi - i loko o nā lua, nā ana a i nā lāʻau hollow. Inā noho ka bea i nā kuahiwi, a laila koho ʻia ka wahi mālamalama a mehana loa no ka lua.
No ka hoʻomaha, koho ka bear Himalayan i nā wahi hāmama
He mau ʻenemi ko ka bear. ʻO kahi tiger a i ʻole ʻāpō ʻāhiu, mai kahi a ka Himalayans e hūnā koke ai, hiki ke hana ʻino i kēlā holoholona nui. Lawe lākou i ka ʻeha i nā bea a me nā moʻo, nā midges.
ʻOiai ʻaʻole he ʻenemi ke kanaka, ke alo i ka bea, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻāʻo kekahi e hahau iā ia. Hiki i ka predator ke hana kolohe a makaʻu paha a holo i ka lāʻau. Akā inā mau ka lokomaikaʻi o ka Himalayan, ʻaʻole pono kahi kanaka e launa pū me ia, no ka mea i kēlā me kēia manawa e loaʻa i ka bea ka manaʻo o ka weliweli a e holo wikiwiki ʻo ia e pale aku i kāna ʻāina, e hōʻike ana i nā ʻano āpau o kahi holoholona hihiu.
ʻO ʻoe wale nō, ʻaʻole holoholo ʻo Himalayans ma waena o nā ululāʻau a me nā awāwa, no laila pinepine ka poʻe e hui me ka ʻohana bear holoʻokoʻa. ʻOiai ua neʻe aku kekahi holoholona i kahi mamao mai kona ʻohana aku, aia paha ma kahi kokoke kona ʻohana. Ulu ʻo Cubs me ko lākou mau mākua a hiki i 3 mau makahiki.
E hoʻomaha a pale aku iā lākou iho mai nā ʻenemi, noho nā bea ma nā lālā nui, e pili ana i ka ʻili. Ma ka laulaha, hoʻolilo kēia mau bea i kahi 15% o ko lākou ola i nā kumulāʻau. ʻAʻole like me ko lākou congeners, ʻaʻole hibernate nā bea Himalayan i ka hoʻoilo, akā hiki iā lākou ke hoʻolohi i ko lākou ʻano o ke ola a hoʻonui i ka manawa e hoʻomaha ai.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻAʻole like me nā ʻano holoholona nui ʻē aʻe e like me ka panda a i ʻole ka ʻeleʻele ʻAmelika. bea himalayan nui hiki ke loaʻa nā meaʻai kūpono nona iho kokoke i nā manawa āpau, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia i kaupalena ʻia i ka ʻai wale ʻana i ka meaʻai holoholona.
Eia nō naʻe, i mea e loaʻa ai ka loaʻa o ka calorie kūpono a hoʻopiha, pono nō ia e kiʻi i kahi nui o nā meaʻai - holoholona a mea ʻai paha. ʻO ka Himalayan bear he omnivorous.
Hiki i ka bea ke ʻai i nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu.
Hiki i ka bea ke alualu i nā pipi a me nā pāʻani liʻiliʻi, ʻohiʻohi i ke kino. Hoʻonui ʻo ia i kāna papa kuhikuhi, ʻohiʻohi i nā hua a me nā hua i ke kau mahana. Inā hiki mai ka hoʻoilo, peʻe ka bear i kahi ana, akā ma mua o ka mea pono e hoʻopiha i kāna lako o nā meaola.
E hana i kēia, hiki iā ia ke hopu iʻa, ʻohiʻohi ʻōpala mai ka honua a loaʻa nā hua i koe ma nā nahele. ʻIke pū ʻo ia i kekahi ʻanoʻano o nā hua - nā hazelnuts a me nā kolo i nā puha lāʻau.
Hāʻawi nā Zoologists i ka Himalayan bear i ka hui o nā mea ʻaihue, ma muli o ka nui o ka ʻai o nā holoholona i kāna papaʻai. Hoʻoikaika ka bear e loaʻa i ka meaʻai i hiki ke kokoke i ka hoʻoilo i mea e hōʻiliʻili ai i ka momona o ke kino a hoʻomanawanui i ke anuanu.
ʻAno ka ʻai a ka Himalayan, hiki iā ia ke ʻai:
- loaʻa ke kino;
- hua moa;
- pua;
- hūnā hūnā i nā kumulāʻau a ma nā mea kanu i koe.
I ke kau mahana, mai Mei a Iune, hoʻopau pū nā bea i nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, me nā hua. Eia hou, i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kauwela, hoʻoikaika nā bea e piʻi i kahi kiʻekiʻe loa - i luna i nā lāʻau e loaʻa ai nā hua waina, nā ʻone a me nā cherry manu.
Inā ʻaʻole kēia mau mea a pau, loaʻa iā lākou nā iʻa e make ana i ka wā e hanau keiki ana. Akā ʻaʻole ka iʻa ke koho meaʻai nui no ka Himalayan, ʻaʻole iki ʻo ia e hoʻomaka i ka hopu holoholona, no ka mea ʻike mau ʻo ia i nā mea kanu a holoholona paha.
Ke lawa ʻole ka meaʻai, hiki i ka bea ke pepehi i nā ungulate, nā pipi. ʻO ka bea keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo e ʻimi, e hoʻopili ana i ka dexterity a haki koke i ka ʻāʻī o kāna mea pio. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka waiwai pio nui ma waena o nā lālā o ka ʻohana bear, akā ʻike pinepine ka poʻe mākua i kā lākou meaʻai iho.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Himalayan bear i loko o ka puke ula Ua helu ʻia ʻo Lūkia no ka manawa lōʻihi, a ke hana nei nā loea e hoʻonui i ka nui o nā kānaka. Komo ka bea keʻokeʻo i ka hana hānau i ke kau kau. I ka huina, hiki i ka wahine ke hānau i hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻelua mau keiki.
Kaupaona kēlā me kēia a i ka 400 gram. Lohi mālie nā ʻōpala a noho kōkua ʻole no ka manawa lōʻihi. I hoʻokahi mahina ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hana me ka ʻole o ko lākou mau mākua.
ʻO nā bea e noho ana i ka moku ʻo Sikhote-Alin e hoʻomaka i ka hānau ʻana ma mua iki, mai ka waena o Iune a ʻAukake. Hānau ʻia ʻo Cubs i Ianuali, ma kahi ana. Ma hope o ka hāpai ʻana o ka wahine, neenee iki ʻo ia.
A hiki i ʻOkakopa, hiki i ka leo o ka kōpū ke hiki i 22 mau kenimika, a hiki i Kēkēmapa hoʻomaka ka ulu ʻana o nā embryos. ʻO ka hoʻihoʻi ma waena o ka hānau mua a me ka lua i ka bea he ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau makahiki.
Ma kahi o 14% o ka huina nui o nā bea Himalayan he wahine hāpai. Aia ka huina manawa hānau a hiki i 240 mau lā. Hiki ke hoʻomaka ke kaʻina hanau ma waena o Ianuali a me Malaki.
Ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o nā keiki, hoʻomaka ka makuahine o lākou e haʻalele i ka lua, akā i loko o kēia manawa ʻoi loa ka hoʻomāinoino a pale aku i kāna pēpē. Inā he ʻenemi ma kahi kokoke, kipaku ka bea i kāna mau keiki i luna o kahi lāʻau a hoʻohuli i nā manaʻo āpau iā ia iho. ʻEkolu mau makahiki wale nō ka hānau ʻana o ka moekolohe ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.
E lilo nā keiki i ke kolu o ka lā, hāmama i ko lākou mau maka, a hoʻomaka e neʻe i ka hā. Ma ka awelika, aia mai 1 a i nā 4 cubs i kahi ʻōpala. Ma Mei, hiki lākou i ke kaupaona o 2.5 kilokilo, a kū ke kūʻokoʻa piha i ka makahiki 2-3 wale nō. A hiki i kēia manawa, kokoke nā bea i ko lākou mau mākua.
ʻEleu loa nā ʻohana himalayan bear
ʻO nā ʻano bear a pau e kū nei, ʻaʻole kū i waho ka Himalayan. ʻO nā ʻokoʻa i ʻike ʻia e pili ana i ka nohona a me ka meaʻai. Hū ka Himalayan bear mai ka makaʻu i nā kumulāʻau a ʻai wale i nā holoholona, akā kanu pū nō hoʻi i nā meaʻai, ʻoiai ke kūlana ʻaihue.
Pono e hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka heluna kanaka o nā bea Himalayan, ʻoiai lohi ka hana hānau ʻana i kēia mau holoholona - hānau ka wahine hoʻokahi wale nō manawa i kēlā me kēia ʻelua a ʻekolu mau makahiki paha, a hoʻokahi wale nō keiki hānau hiki ke hānau ʻia. Pono kēia mau holoholona i ka pale a me ka pale ʻana mai ka luku ʻia e ka poʻe ʻimi holoholona a me ka hana ʻana i nā kūlana kūpono no lākou - ka mālama ʻana i nā ululāʻau.
