ʻO kahi ermine kahi holoholona hulu hulu liʻiliʻi no ka ʻohana weasel. Ua ʻike nui ʻia nā holoholona o kēia ʻohana ma muli o ko lākou helehelena maikaʻi a me kekahi mau moʻolelo i haku ʻia e nā poʻe like ʻole a lilo i ʻano ʻano kaao.
ʻO ka manaʻo o ka poʻe o ka wā i hala inā piʻi ka lepo i ka lole huluhulu makamae o ka ermine, e make ka holoholona. No laila, mahalo lākou a hoʻāʻo e pale iā ia. I kēlā mau lā, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka hulu makamae i ka hana ʻana i nā kāhiko no nā pāpale, nā ʻaʻahu a, ʻoiai, he mea hoʻonaninani nani no nā lole.
Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ermine i ke kiʻi, kahi e ʻike ai kona persona i ka maʻemaʻe a me ka pono. ʻOiai ʻo ka mea pena kiʻi nui ʻo Leonardo da Vinci, i kāna kiʻi pena ʻO ka Lede me ka Ermine, ua hoʻokūʻē i ka nani a me ka maʻemaʻe o ka pono o Cecilia Galleroni nui, i ʻike ʻia no kāna mau kumumanaʻo a me kāna aʻo ʻana.
A i kēia lā nō, noʻonoʻo ka poʻe he nui i kēia holoholona liʻiliʻi a fluffy i ʻano kanaka o ka hanohano a me ka pono.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻo nā ermines he mau lunamaka maʻamau o ka wea, ʻo ke ʻano o ia mea he mea hoʻomanaʻo ia no kekahi holoholona ʻē aʻe like ʻole - ka weaela. I kekahi manawa huikau lākou. Eia nō naʻe, me kēia, ke aʻo ʻana i ke kikoʻī i nā hiʻohiʻona pono āpau, ʻike koke ke kanaka i kekahi mau ʻokoʻa.
ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ermine ma mua o kāna "hoaaloha" kokoke loa, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o kona huelo a he ʻokoʻa ke kala o ka hulu (ʻoiai ke ʻano nui o nā weasel mai ka ermine ka nui o ka holoholona a me ka lōʻihi o ka huelo, no ka mea aneane like ka hulu kala like ʻole) ...
Ka wehewehe pōkole o ka holoholona:
- he kino kona, he liʻiliʻi, akā maʻalahi, ʻo kona lōʻihi a hiki i kanakolu kenimika ka lōʻihi;
- loloa loa ka huelo - a i ka ʻumikūmākahi kenimika;
- ke kaumaha o ke kanaka makua he 180-210 mau gram;
- e like me nā lunamakaʻāinana ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā wahine ma mua o nā kāne;
- ermine - holoholona-meaolelo.
Kupaianaha loa kēia mau holoholona i ke kauwela - kahi manawa e loli hapa ai ka kala ermine, a lilo ka huluhulu i ʻelua kala. ʻO ka hope, a me ke poʻo, ʻeleʻele; ʻo ka ʻōpū, me ka umauma, melemele. I ke kau hoʻoilo, ʻokoʻa iki ke kūlana me ka kala.
I ka hoʻoilo, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi ermine hau-keʻokeʻo me ka hulu silky a me kahi wēlau ʻeleʻele o ka huelo (ma ke ala, aia ma kēia kumu hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike maʻalahi i ka holoholona). ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻololi i ka piko o ka huelo i ke kala i loko o ka makahiki. Hoʻoholo ʻia ka waiwai o ka hulu ermine e ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe a me ka lahilahi i waena o nā mea hana lole huluhulu.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
ʻO nā holoholona liʻiliʻi a nimble, ola nā ermines kokoke ma ka ʻĀinapuni ʻole o Eurasia. Ua ʻike ʻia lākou ma ʻAsia, Afghanistan, ʻIrana, Kina (ʻĀkau hikina), Mongolia, Iapana a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe he nui. ʻO ka wahi nui ʻo ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, a ʻoi aku paha - ʻo Kanada, ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa (ʻaʻole e helu ana i ka Great Plains), Greenland.
Ma kahi leka! Ua hoʻāʻo ka poʻe e hānai ermine ma ka ʻāina ʻo Nūhōlani e hoʻemi i ka nui o nā lāpaki. Eia nō naʻe, ua kāpae ʻia kēia manaʻo, a me nā holoholona ʻaihue ʻaʻole i kū wale me kā lākou hana mua, akā ua hoʻomaka pū kekahi e hōʻeha i nā holoholona a me nā manu ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka kiwi hoʻi.
ʻAʻole noho ka ermine i nā wahi o Central Asia (ʻoi aku ka pololei, ma nā wao akua wela) a ma nā mokupuni o ka Arctic, i ʻike ʻia no nā hau nui.
ʻO ka manawa pinepine, hoʻohuli ʻia ke koho ʻana i kahi noho mau e ka holoholona e nā kumu he nui, e like me ka helu o nā rodents, ke kū ʻana o nā kahawai kokoke, nā loko, nā ulu lāʻau, nā ʻano anilā a me kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe.
I ka hohonu o ka nahele, kākaʻikahi loa ka ermine. Makemake ʻo ia e noho i nā wahi mālamalama, nā nāhelehele o ka nahele, akā i ka manawa like, e hūnā ʻia kēia mau wahi. I ka ulu lāʻau o ka nahele, noho ia i nā ululāʻau spruce, nā ululāʻau alder, nā awawa. ʻAʻole makaʻu nui i ka launa ʻana me nā poʻe, i kekahi manawa noho i loko o nā māla a i ʻole nā kula.
Ke hiki mai ke kai a Kahinaliʻi, neʻe ka holoholona i kona wahi noho ma mua. Makemake ʻo ia e hoʻolilo i ka hoʻoilo ma kahi kokoke i nā kauhale, nā wahi noho (kahi i kiʻekiʻe ai ka ʻiʻī). I kekahi manawa hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ermine i ka mauʻu, i kahi lāʻau kumu, a i ʻole i kahi puʻu pōhaku maʻamau.
He unpretentious loa ʻo ia i ke koho ʻana i kahi home, akā ʻaʻole ia e ʻeli i nā lua nona iho, e hoʻohana ana i nā mākaukau i hoʻomākaukau ʻia (minks a me nā hale hoʻomalu ʻē aʻe). He mea hoihoi - ʻaʻole noho pū kekahi o nā kāne ʻelua i loko o ka makahiki a ʻike ʻia wale nō i ka wā o ka moekolohe.
I ke ao ermine hūnā pinepine, hana nui i ka pō. Ma kona ʻano, he ʻeleu ka holoholona, dexterous a maʻalahi hoʻi, he mea luʻu maikaʻi loa ia, ʻauʻau kai.
E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia i kēia manawa ermine - he holoholona mai ka ʻohana ferret, kahi holoholona ʻaʻano ʻeleʻele a nani hoʻi, e neʻe wikiwiki nei mai kahi wahi a kahi ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe makaʻu i ka poʻe (akā inā ʻo ka weliweli hiki iā ia ke "nahu" ikaika) a makemake nui ke koko (hou, i ka manawa o ka weliweli). I kahi kūlana mālie, ʻaʻole ʻo ia e hana i kekahi leo, hāmau, akā ke pīhoihoi, hiki iā ia ke uē me ka leo nui, ʻū a me ka hae pū kekahi.
ʻAʻau maoli nō kēia mau holoholona liʻiliʻi, a piʻi i nā kumulāʻau a i ʻole kahi papa ʻē aʻe. Akā ʻimi maʻamau lākou ma ka honua, no ka mea, ma laila kahi e noho pinepine ai ka mea pio.
Hiki ke kāhea ʻia kahi hiʻohiʻona ʻano ʻē aʻe i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻaʻole hiki i kēia mau holoholona o ka ʻohana "weasel" ke noho me kekahi (i loko o ka pio). I ka loaʻa ʻole o ke kūʻokoʻa no kahi wā lōʻihi, pau lākou i kā lākou keiki a, no laila, make wikiwiki.
Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia kanaka kona ʻāina ponoʻī, i hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ma kahi o 15 hectare. Noho wale lākou (hui ke kāne me ka wahine hoʻokahi i ka makahiki). Hoʻololi mau lākou i ko lākou mau home (neʻe i loko o nā lua o nā koʻokoʻo a lākou i luku ai).
E hānai hānai ana
ʻO ka ermine, ʻoiai kona helehelena a maikaʻi ʻole hoʻi, he holoholona hele wale. ʻO ke kumu o ka papaʻai nā ʻiole vole a me nā meheu nui ʻē aʻe.
Ma muli o ko lākou nui, kūpaka (keu hoʻi nā wahine) komo pinepine i nā lua liʻiliʻi a loaʻa i kā lākou mea pio ma laila. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o nā kāne e hana i kēia ma muli o kā lākou kūkulu paʻa. No laila, ʻo ia nā wahine i manaʻo ʻia he poʻe ʻimi holoholona akamai a me nā māmela ʻē aʻe.
ʻAʻole hoʻouka pinepine nā Stoats:
- nā mea kolo;
- nā hare;
- manu a me kā lākou mau hua;
- iʻa;
- nahesa.
E hoʻomake i ka mea i hōʻino ʻia, nahu ka holoholona i ka hope o ke poʻo. Inā ke ola nei ka mea pio, hana hou ia i nā nahu. Nānā ʻia nā iʻa me ka ʻike maka ʻana, kiu ʻia nā kiole me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano o ka pilau, a me nā mea kolo e nānā ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kani. Ke hiki mai ka manawa wī, hoʻomaka kekahi poʻe ermine e ʻaihue i ka meaʻai paʻa (kaʻiʻo, iʻa) mai nā kānaka.
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka papaʻai i nā hamsters, chipmunks, muskrats, vole mouse shrews a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui, e like me nā hares, nā squirrels a me nā manu. Ke hiki mai nā manawa pōloli, hoʻololi ka ermine i kāna papaʻai maʻamau i hoʻokahi kahi i hua ai nā hua, nā iʻa, nā rana, nā moʻo, nā mea kolo ʻekolu. ʻO ka hoʻouka pinepine ʻana i nā pālua, nā lāpaki, nā ʻūlū hazel, nā lāʻau grouse (nā holoholona i ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka ermine).
Ma ke ala, ʻo ka ermine, he ʻokoʻa i ka wea, koho pinepine i nā holoholona he 1.5-2 mau manawa ka nui ma mua ona iho. Ua helu ʻia ka hapa nui o lākou, akā ʻo kēia papa inoa pū kekahi me nā voles wai, nā lemona a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui. Me ka nui o nā meaʻai, mālama ka holoholona iā ia no ka wā e hiki mai ana.
Nā ʻenemi
Hoʻouka pinepine ʻia ʻo Ermines e nā alopeke polar, nā manu lele, nā pueo, nā lynxes a me nā martens, nā sables, nā ʻelima, nā ʻalopeke, nā ʻino a me kekahi mau holoholona ʻē aʻe. I kekahi manawa ʻike ʻoe pehea ka pōpoki hale maʻamau i ka holoholona.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hiki i hoʻokahi wahine a kāne paha ke loaʻa he mau hoa. E waiho maʻalahi, ʻo nā ermines he mau holoholona polygamous e hānai hoʻokahi i hoʻokahi makahiki. ʻO ka wā o ka hana moekolohe e mau no ka hoʻoilo a me ke kauwela (ʻo ka lōʻihi he ʻehā mau mahina - hoʻomaka ia ma ka iwakālua o Pepeluali a hoʻopau kokoke iā Iune).
Hele wāwae nā wahine hāpai no ʻeiwa a ʻumi paha mahina. Ke "hoʻomohala" ʻana o ka embryo a hiki i ka hoʻomaka o ka puna, a ma kahi o Mei e hānau ai nā keiki (ma kahi o hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope o ka hāpai ʻana iā ia iho).
Hana wale ka wahine i ka hānai ʻana a hānai ʻana. ʻO ka maʻamau, mai hoʻokahi kanaka, hiki i nā ʻumikūmālima mau keiki ke kū (5-10 mau ʻāpana ka awelika). I ka hoʻomaka mua o ke ola, ʻo ko lākou kaumaha ma kahi o ʻehā mau gram, a ʻo ko lākou lōʻihi ʻekolu millimeter, ʻike ʻole lākou i kekahi mea, lohe ʻole a ʻaʻohe o lākou niho (hoʻomaka lākou e ʻike maopopo ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina a i ʻole iki iki paha).
A ma hope o ʻekolu mau mahina hiki ʻole ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai nā mākua. Ma kahi kokoke i ke kau waena o ke kauwela, hiki iā lākou ke kiʻi i kā lākou meaʻai ponoʻī na lākou iho.
Mākaukau loa nā wahine - i ka malama ʻekolu a ʻehā paha, akā ʻokoʻa iki ke kūlana me nā kāne - hiki lākou i ke oʻo i hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. Lawe pinepine nā kāne makua makua i ka wahine ʻōpio, nona nā makahiki ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku i ʻelua mau mahina, a uhi loa iā ia.
I ke kūlohelohe, kākaʻikahi kēia ʻano o ke ola ʻana o kahi laha. ʻO ka makahiki kiʻekiʻena e hiki ai i kekahi kanaka ke noho i ʻehiku mau makahiki (maʻamau i ʻelua a i ʻole ʻekolu mau makahiki)
He aha ke koʻikoʻi o ka stoats i kānaka?
ʻAʻole kēia e ʻōlelo i ka hōʻeha ʻole o nā stoats. I ka manawa o ka weliweli, keu hoʻi inā kēia mea weliweli loa a me ka huhū mai kahi kanaka kikoʻī, a laila e hoʻouka maʻalahi ka holoholona iā ia a nahu a ʻinoʻino iā ia. Akā maʻamau, ke ʻike ʻia ke kanaka ma ka pae, hoʻāʻo ka ermine e hoʻopaʻa pono iā ia, e noʻonoʻo
Ma muli o ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā hale, hōʻino ka maikaʻi a me ka nui o nā meaʻai, a hoʻokō ʻia ka ʻimi holoholona pinepine ʻana, ua emi nui ka heluna kanaka o nā holoholona predatory. ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia ka hopu holoholona ʻole. Ma mua, ua hana ʻia nā pālule huluhulu, nā pāpale a me kekahi mau mea ʻē aʻe mai ka huluhulu, akā ua pili maikaʻi kēia i kā lākou helu.
Kuhi ʻia ʻo Stoat i ka puke ʻulaʻula ma ke ʻano he ʻano laha. ʻIke ʻia nā pōmaikaʻi o kēia holoholona dexterous liʻiliʻi - pepehi ia i nā holoholona maʻi, nā ʻiole vole a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ua pāpā aku kekahi ʻāina i ka huli holoholona ʻana i ka ermine.
ʻIkepili Hoihoi…
- i kekahi mau ʻāina me kahi ʻano mahana a me ka ʻole o ka hoʻoilo, ʻaʻole hoʻololi nā holoholona i ko lākou kala huluhulu, mai keʻokeʻo. Akā hiki wale kēia a lawe ʻoe iā lākou i nā wahi anuanu, nā kūlanakauhale (Siberia, hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo Rūsia ma ke ʻano he laʻana). Ma laila ma laila, hoʻomaka lākou e huli keʻokeʻo (maʻamau i hoʻokahi pule). Hiki i nā Ermines ke kaohi i ke kala o ko lākou huluhulu huluhulu ma muli o ke anilā;
- hana wikiwiki ka holoholona i nā mea āpau, inā he kipi mai kahi kanaka a i ʻole holoholona ʻē aʻe, hoʻouka ia a ʻehaʻeha loa.
- hiki ke pepehi maʻalahi i kahi moʻo, he nahesa a hopu i kahi iʻa kūpono i loko o ka wai (ʻo ka nui o ka mahana subzero ʻaʻole mea nui i kēia hihia);
- ma hope o ka hopu a make ʻana o ka ermine i ka iole o ka wai, hoʻokaʻawale koke ʻo ia i kāna waiwai a pau nona iho;
- ʻai pinepine lawa (make paha inā ʻaʻohe meaʻai no nā hola he ʻumi);
- ʻoi aku ka māmā o nā wahine (65-70 gram) a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā kāne (a hiki i 250 gram);
- inā he hale e noho ʻia e nā poʻe, aia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka hale o ka ermine, hoʻomaka ʻo ia e ʻaihue i nā moa ʻelua a me kā lākou mau hua.
