He mea kūlohelohe i kapa ʻia he hoʻomākeʻaka a ke Akua - platypus... Wahi a ka nane, ma hope o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka honua holoholona, ua hōʻiliʻili ka Haku i nā koena o nā mea hana, hoʻohui i ka nuku o ka ʻāʻī, lele ka moa, ka huelo o ka beaver, hulu echidna, a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hopena he holoholona hou, e hui pū ana i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā mea kolo, nā manu, nā mea mammal, a me nā iʻa hoʻi.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Ua ʻike ʻia ka holoholona ma Australia i ke kenekulia 18. Kupanaha ʻano holoholona, wehewehe platypus hoʻonāukiuki i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pili ana i ke kāhea ʻana i kēia hana mana o ke kūlohelohe. Ua hāʻawi nā Aborigines i kekahi mau inoa kūloko, ua hoʻohana mua nā huakaʻi ʻEulopa i nā inoa "duck-mole", "mole wai", "bird-holoholona", akā ʻo ka inoa "platypus" i mālama ʻia i ka mōʻaukala.
ʻO ke kino me nā wāwae pōkole he 30-40 cm ka lōʻihi, e noʻonoʻo ana i ka huelo 55 cm. ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kanaka makua he 2 kg. ʻOi aku ke kaumaha o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine - ʻokoʻa lākou ma kahi o ka hapakolu o ko lākou kaumaha. ʻO ka huelo e like me ka beaver - me ka lauoho e lahilahi i ka manawa.
Mālama ka huelo o ka holoholona i kahi hale kūʻai momona. Palupalu a paʻa ka pale. ʻO ke kala o ke kua, ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, ʻo ka ʻōpū me ka ʻulaʻula, i kekahi manawa o ka hina hina.
ʻO kahi poʻo poepoe me kahi pūnika elongated, e huli i kahi nuku pā e like me ka ʻāpō. ʻO 6.5 cm ka lōʻihi a 5 cm ka laulā. Palupalu ke ʻano, uhi ʻia me ka ʻili lahilahi. Ma kona kumu he gland e hana i kahi mea me kahi ʻala musky.
Ma ka piko o ka nuku ka ihu, a i ʻole ʻo nā ihu ihu. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā maka, nā puka lohe ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke poʻo. ʻAʻohe nā auricle. Ke hoʻokomo ʻia ka platypus i loko o ka wai, kokoke nā valves o nā mea āpau.
Hoʻololi ʻia nā ʻōnaehana hoʻolohe, ʻike, olfactory e kekahi ʻano electrolocation - ka hiki kūlohelohe e ʻimi i nā pio i ka lawaiʻa me ke kōkua o nā electroreceptors.
I ke kaʻina o ka hopu holoholona, neʻe mau ka holoholona i kona nuku. Hoʻomaopopo kahi ʻano pā i hoʻomohala ʻia e ʻike i nā māla uila nāwaliwali ke neʻe nā crustaceans. Platypus - holoholona kū hoʻokahi, ʻoiai ʻoiai aia nā electroreceptors like i loaʻa i ka echidna, ʻaʻole lākou i alakaʻi i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai.
ʻIke ʻia nā niho i nā platypuse ʻōpio, akā mae koke lākou. I ko lākou wahi, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi pā keratinized. Hoʻopili ʻia nā ʻeke papalina ma ka waha hoʻonui ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i ka meaʻai. Hiki i kēnā, nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, nā crustacean.
Hoʻopili ʻia nā paws ākea no ka ʻauʻau ʻana, ʻeli ʻana i ka honua. Hoʻonui ʻia nā membrane ʻauʻau o ka forepaws no ka neʻe ʻana, akā i ka ʻāpana kahakai pili lākou i hiki ai i nā māiʻu i mua. Hoʻololi ʻia nā lālā ʻauʻau i nā mea ʻeli.
ʻO nā wāwae hope me nā membrane i hoʻomohala ʻole ʻia e lawelawe ma ke ʻano he hoeuli i ka wā e ʻau ana, ʻo ka huelo he mea hoʻokūpaʻa. Ma ka ʻāina, neʻe ka platypus me he mea kolo lā - aia nā wāwae o ka holoholona ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke kino.
ʻO ka papa o nā holoholona he aha ka platypus?, ʻaʻole i hoʻoholo koke ʻia. I ke kaʻina hana o ke aʻo ʻana i ka physiology, ua hoʻokumu ka poʻe ʻepekema i ke kū ʻana o nā mākala mammary i nā wahine - ua lilo kēia i kumu no ka ʻōlelo ʻana no ka mea hānai manu kēlā.
Kupaianaha nō hoʻi ka metabolism o ka holoholona. ʻO 32 wale nō ka mahana o ke kino. Akā i loko o kahi waihona wai anuanu, ma 5 ° C, ma muli o ka hoʻonui pinepine ʻana o nā hana metabolic, mālama ka holoholona i ka wela o ke kino maʻamau.
He pale kūpaʻa ka platypus - lawai ʻawahia. He mea nui kēia, ʻoiai ma ka laulā he palupalu ka holoholona, palupalu i ka ʻenemi. Make make ka mea make no nā holoholona liʻiliʻi e like me ka ʻīlio dingo. No ka make ʻana o ke kanaka, liʻiliʻi loa ka mahele lāʻau, akā ʻeha, hoʻonāukiuki i ka edema no ka manawa lōʻihi.
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka lāʻau make i loko o ka holoholona e kekahi gland ma ka ʻūhā, e hele ana i nā ʻāne kūpuna ma nā wāwae hope. Hāʻawi wale ʻia ke kino pale no nā kāne wale nō; nalowale nā wahine wahine i ka makahiki mua o ke ola. Pono nā Spurs no nā kāne no ka hakakā male, pale ʻana mai nā ʻenemi.
No laila, e hopu i nā holoholona, ua hoʻouna ʻia nā ʻīlio, e ʻimi nei i nā platypuse ʻaʻole ma ka ʻāina wale nō, akā i ka wai pū kekahi. Akā ma hope o kahi kuʻi ʻino, ua make nā mea ʻimi. No laila, aia kekahi mau ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka platypus. Hiki iā ia ke lilo i mea hao no ka leopadi kai, moʻo monitor, python, e kolo ana i ka lua o ka holoholona.
Nā ʻano
Wahi a nā zoologists, me nā moonihoawa, kū ka ʻāpana o nā monotremes platypus. No ka hui hea o nā holoholona e like me nā hiʻohiʻona o kēia māmala, ʻaʻole i hōʻike koke ʻia. Ua koho ʻia ka holoholona kū hoʻokahi ma waena o ka ʻohana platypus, a ʻo ia wale nō ka lunamakaʻāinana. ʻOiai ʻo nā ʻohana pili loa o ka platypus ke ʻano iki.
Ma ke kumu o ka oviposition, aia kekahi like me nā mea kolo. Akā ʻo ka ʻokoʻa nui i ka hana waiū o ka hānai ʻana i nā keiki i hāʻawi i ke kumu e hoʻokaʻawale i ka platypus i ka papa mammalian.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Noho nā lehulehu o Platypus ma Australia, Tasmania, Kunguru ma ke kapakai hema o ka ʻāina nui. ʻO ka wahi hoʻokaʻawale ākea mai Tasmania a i ka Queesland e ʻemi nei. Ua nalowale loa ka holoholona mai nā wahi o South Australia ma muli o ka haumia o nā wai kūloko.
Platypus ma Australia noho i nā kino wai kūlohelohe, nā kahakai kahakai o nā kahawai waena. ʻO ka wahi noho o nā holoholona he wai hou me ka mahana o 25-30 ° C. Hōʻalo nā Platypuses i nā kino wai brackish, maʻalahi lākou i nā ʻano haumia like ʻole.
ʻAʻau a luʻu nani ka holoholona. Luu ka wai i 5 mau minuke. Noho i loko o ka waihona wai a i 12 mau lā i ka lā. Nui ka manaʻo o ka platypus i nā wai pulu, nā loko, nā kahawai alpine, nā kahawai mehana wela.
Pili ka nohona semi-aquatic me kahi pūnaewele punahele - kahi loko iʻa me kahi au malie i waena o nā mānoanoa ma nā panakō i hāpai ʻia. Kahi noho kūpono e kahi kahawai mālie ma waena o ka ulu lāʻau.
Hōʻike ka hana hoʻonui i ka nui i ka pō, i ke ahiahi o ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi. ʻO kēia ka manawa ʻimi holoholona, no ka mea ʻo ka koi no ka hoʻopiha hou ʻana i kēlā me kēia lā a hiki i ka hapahā o ke kaupaona ponoʻī o ka holoholona. I ka lā, hiamoe nā holoholona. Ke ʻimi nei ka platypus i ka mea pio, e hoʻohuli i nā pōhaku me kona nuku a i ʻole nā wāwae, e hoʻāla ana i ka lehulehu o ka lepo mai lalo.
Ka lua o ka holoholona, pololei, a i 10 mika ka lōʻihi, ʻo ia ka puʻuhonua nui. ʻO ke kūkulu ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao lalo e hāʻawi i kahi keʻena kūloko no ka hoʻomaha a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā keiki, ʻelua puka. Aia kekahi ma lalo o nā aʻa o nā kumulāʻau, i nā mānoanoa mānoanoa ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o a i 3.6 m ma luna o ka pae wai, aia nō kekahi ma ka hohonu o ka waihona wai. Hoʻonohonoho kūikawā ʻia ka puka komo me kahi hāiki e wehe i ka wai mai ka lauoho o ka platypus.
I ka hoʻoilo, hibernate nā holoholona no 5-10 mau lā i Iulai. Hāʻule ka wā i ka pō o ka wā hānau. ʻAʻole i hoʻokumu paʻa ʻia ka waiwai hibernation. Hiki paha i kēia ka pono o nā platypuses e hōʻiliʻili i ka ikehu nui ma mua o ka wā hānau.
Hoʻopili nā endemics o Australia i ko lākou wahi noho, noho kau, mai neʻe mamao aku mai ko lākou wahi moe. Noho wale nā holoholona, ʻaʻole lākou e hana i nā pilina kaiaulu. Kāhea ka poʻe loea iā lākou he mau mea ola mua, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia i kekahi akamai.
Ua hoʻomohala ʻia ka makaʻala loa. I nā wahi a lākou e hoʻopilikia ʻole ai, hoʻokokoke aku nā platypus i nā palena o ke kūlanakauhale.
I ka manawa i hoʻopau ʻia ka platypuses ma muli o ko lākou hulu nani, akā ua kapu kēia mea lawaiʻa mai ka hoʻomaka o ka 20 kenekulia. Ua emi nā heluna kanaka, a lilo ka wahi i mosaic. Ke hana nei nā Australians e pale i nā platypuses i nā mālama. Hōʻike ʻia nā paʻakikī i ka neʻe ʻana o nā holoholona ma muli o ka nui o ka makaʻu, ka pīhoihoi.
ʻAʻole kūleʻa ka hoʻoulu Captive. He paʻakikī ke loaʻa i kahi mammal hopohopo hou aʻe ma mua o platypus - he aha holoholona hiki ke waiho i kahi lua no ka walaʻau ʻano ʻē? Kahi leo ʻano ʻē no ka platypuses, ka haʻalulu, kīkēkē i nā holoholona mai ke mele i hoʻokumu ʻia o ke ola no kekahi mau lā, i kekahi mau pule.
ʻO ka hānau ʻana o ka lāpaki ma Australia ua lawe mai i ka pōʻino nui i ka lehulehu o ka platypus. Hoʻoweliweli nā ʻeli ʻana i nā lua ma nā lāpaki i nā holoholona makaʻala, e hoʻonāukiuki ana iā lākou e haʻalele i ko lākou mau wahi maʻamau. ʻO ka makaʻu o ka make ʻana ma muli o ke ʻano o nā māmela he kiʻekiʻe. Pāpā ʻia ka ʻimi ʻana, akā ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wahi noho kahi hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka hopena o ka platypus.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻO ka papaʻai i kēlā me kēia lā o kēia holoholona kupaianaha me nā meaola like ʻole: nā holoholona wai liʻiliʻi, nā ilo, nā ʻūlū, nā ʻenuhe, nā molluscs, nā crustacea. Ke hoʻonāukiuki nei ka platypus i ka lalo me kona mau wāwae, me kona nuku - ʻohiʻohi ia i nā holoholona i hoʻāla ʻia i nā ʻeke papalina. Ma waho aʻe o ka poʻe e noho nei o ka waihona wai, hiki i laila nā mea kanu wai.
Ma ka ʻāina, hamo ʻia nā mea pio a pau me nā ā āole. Ma ka laulā, ʻo ka platypus, unpretentious i ka meaʻai, pono i kahi nui lawa o ka meaʻai. He ʻauʻau maikaʻi ʻo ia ʻo ia, i ka wikiwiki a me ka maneuverability, hiki ke hōʻiliʻili i ka helu i makemake ʻia o nā meaola e ʻai ai mahalo i ka electrolocation.
ʻIke ʻia ka gluttony kikoʻī i nā wahine i ka wā o ka lactation. Aia kekahi mau laʻana i ʻike ʻia i ka wā i ʻai ai kahi platypus wahine i ka nui o nā meaʻai e like me ke kaupaona o kēlā me kēia lā.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka ʻōnaehana hānau o nā kāne mai nā mammal mua, ʻoiai ʻo ka wahine kokoke i nā manu a i nā mea kolo paha i ka hana o nā ovaries. Hoʻomaka ka wā hānau ma hope o kahi hibernation pōkole mai ʻAukake a i ka hopena o Nowemapa.
Pono ke kāne e nahu i kāna huelo e ʻumeʻume i ka maka o ka wahine. Holo ka holoholona i kahi pōʻai i loko o hoʻokahi o nā hana hoʻāo ʻehā, me he mea lā ke nānā pono nei kekahi i kekahi, a laila hoa kāne. He polygamous nā kāne, mai hana i nā paʻa paʻa.
Hana ka wahine i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka lua brood. Lawe ʻia ke kāne mai ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka pūnana a mālama i nā keiki. ʻOkoʻa ka lua mai ka hale hoʻomaha maʻamau i kona lōʻihi lōʻihi, i ke alo o kahi keʻena pūnana. Lawe mai ka wahine i nā mea no ka hana ʻana i ka pūnana me kāna huelo i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka ʻōpū - he mau koʻokoʻo kēia, lau. Mai ka wai a me nā malihini i kono ʻole ʻia, pani ʻia ka puka me nā huna honua 15-20 cm ka mānoanoa. Hana ʻia ka paʻa paʻa me ke kōkua o ka huelo, kahi a ka platypus e hoʻohana ai ma ke ʻano he trowel.
Hōʻike nā hua manu i 2 mau pule ma hope o ka male ʻana, ʻo ka maʻamau he 1-3 mau ʻāpana. I ka helehelena, hoʻohālikelike lākou i ka masonry reptile - me kahi pūpū ʻiliʻili māmā, ma kahi o 1 cm ke anawaena. ʻAʻole hiki i ka wela mau i ka pūnana ke ʻae i ka maloʻo o nā hua i kau ʻia.
Pili lākou kekahi i kekahi e kahi mea lina. He 10 mau lā ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻouluulu ʻana. I kēia manawa, moe ka wahine ma kahi kokoke, kokoke ʻaʻole e haʻalele i ka lua.
Hoʻopili nā cubs i ka pūpū me ka niho, a hāʻule i lalo, ʻike ʻōlohelohe, makapō, ma kahi o 2.5 cm ka lōʻihi. Lawe ka wahine i nā ʻāpana i kona ʻōpū. Puka mai ka waiū ma o nā puka ʻōpū, palu nā pēpē iā ia. ʻO 4 mau mahina o ka waiū. Wehe nā maka ma hope o 11 mau pule.
Ma 3-4 mau mahina, hana nā ʻaka i mua i waho o ka lua. I ka wā o ka hānai ʻana i nā keiki, haʻalele ka wahine i kekahi manawa no ka ʻimi holoholona, pani i ka lua me ka papa lepo. Kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa ʻo Platypuses a makua makua i ka 1 makahiki. ʻAʻole i lawa ka aʻo ʻana i ke ola o nā holoholona kupaianaha i ke kūlohelohe. I nā mālama, he 10 mau makahiki paha ka lōʻihi.
ʻAʻole nō i hoʻonā ʻo Evolutionists i ka nane e ka inoa platypus he aha holoholona Aia ma mua ona ma ke kahua evolution of development. Aia ka huikau piha i kēia mea. Platypus i loko o ka kiʻi hana i ka manaʻo o kahi mea pāʻani hoʻomākeʻaka, akā i ke ola ua pīhoihoi ʻoi aku ʻo ia i nā loea, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo nei i ko mākou ʻano ke mālama nei i kā mākou ʻano i nā mea huna he nui.
