ʻO Goby - kahi iʻa punahele no ka poʻe e noho kokoke ana i ke kai Lūkia hema a me nā kahawai. Hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā kīʻaha maikaʻi a me ka puʻuwai mai ia mea, a waiwai nui nā gobies i ka lawaiʻa ʻoihana. ʻO ka ʻiʻo o kēia iʻa ka mea waiwai i nā wikamina a me nā microelement e pono ai no ke kino. I kēlā me kēia wahi o ka ʻāina he mau ʻano ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa kekahi i kekahi a loaʻa ko lākou ʻano ponoʻī.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Iʻa Goby pili i ke kauoha o nā gobies a me ka ʻohana o nā iʻa fin-ray. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ko lākou kino e like me ka cone, kahawai maikaʻi. ʻOi aku ka laulā ma ke poʻo ma mua o ka hiʻu. Liʻiliʻi a mānoanoa hoʻi nā unahi. Nui ke poʻo, me ka lae ākea a pōʻai, nā maka ʻōpuʻu.
I ka helehelena, ua like ka iʻa me ka bipi, nona ka inoa i kapa ʻia ai. Hoʻololi ka nui mai 8 a 15 cm, a hiki i nā laha nui i kahi lōʻihi ma mua o 50 cm. ʻO ke kaupaona o nā iʻa liʻiliʻi mai 35 g, a nui a hiki i 2 kg.
Lōʻihi nā peʻa ma ka huelo a me ke kua. Loaʻa i ka fin dorsal kekahi mau iwi mānoanoa a ʻoi hoʻi i kapa ʻia nā kukuna. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia fin i ʻelua mau ʻāpana, aia ka mea liʻiliʻi ma kahi kokoke iki i ke poʻo, ʻo ka ʻāpana nui loa ma ka hiʻu. Ma ka umauma a me ka piko o ka huelo, ua liʻiliʻi a pōʻai nā peʻa.
Ma ka ʻōpū, i ke kaʻina o ka ulu ʻana, ua hū ʻia nā peʻa i hoʻokahi a hana i kahi ʻano kīʻaha omo. Me ke kōkua o ia mea, paʻa ka iʻa i nā ʻupena o lalo, ma ke ākea a me ka ʻaoʻao hoʻi. Paʻa paʻa ia ʻaʻole e hemo i ka wā ʻino a me nā nalu ikaika.
ʻOkoʻa ke kala o nā unahi no nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻEleʻele a ʻeleʻele lahilahi nā Gobies me nā kaha a me nā kiko ʻokoʻa. Hiki ke aniani i nā moʻo, ʻeleʻele eleele, a i ʻike ʻia.
Nā ʻano
Mahele ʻia nā Gobies i loko o 1,400 mau ʻano. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou he poʻe kahiko loa. Hiki iā lākou ke ola muliwai a ola kai paha. Ma kahi o 25 mau kānaka e noho nei i loko o nā ipu wai ʻEleʻele ʻano laha o goby, a hopu pinepine ka poʻe puni lawaiʻa i kēia mau iʻa:
- ʻ Gobpuʻu Goby aiʻole shirman. Hinahina ke kala o ke kino, aia nā ʻālohilohi polū ma nā ʻaoʻao, ʻoki nā peʻa.
- ʻO Bighead goby a kupunawahine paha. Uila ka iʻa me nā ʻeleʻele a me nā ʻulaʻula. Pālahalaha ke poʻo, nui ka waha.
- ʻO Martovik goby... ʻO kahi iʻa nui e piʻi a 70 cm ka lōʻihi a kaupaona ʻia he 1.5 kg. Nui ke poʻo, ākea nā gills.
- ʻO Sandpiper goby... Iʻa kaulua. I ka lōʻihi 20 cm, ke kaupaona ʻana 200-350 gram. He melemele keʻokeʻo nā unahi, me nā māka liʻiliʻi. Lepo nā pilina. Ma ke kiʻi bipi kāne, ʻike pinepine ʻole ʻia, e like me ka merging me ka one o lalo.
- Piʻo puni a i ʻole kutsak. Loaʻa ia i ke kai Azov a me Black. ʻEleʻele ke kala, ʻaneʻane ʻeleʻele. Noho i loko o ka wai hou a paʻakai, ma kahi one a pōhaku paha o lalo.
I ka nānā mua ʻana, me he mea lā ʻaʻole nānā ka iʻa goby. Kala haʻahaʻa, liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa i nā ʻāina ʻē kēia mau iʻa, he ʻano ʻokoʻa wale nō. Hiki ke hoʻomālamalama loa kā lākou kala, mai ka ʻalani a i ka polū. Noho lākou i nā aniau tropical a hiki ke piʻi i nā nui nani loa.
Loaʻa nā iʻa Goby i nā like o waho me nā rotans. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou e ke ʻano a me ka nui o ke poʻo. I ka rotan, noho ia i ka hapa nui o ke kino; e kūʻē i ko lākou kumu, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke poʻo o ka goby. ʻO ka hōʻailona lua o ka ʻokoʻa ke ʻano o ke kino.
Pālahalaha ʻo Rotans, a ʻoi aku ka voluminous o nā gobies a pālahalaha kokoke wale i ka huelo. ʻOi aku ma rotan a me ka bipi nā peʻa pelvic ʻokoʻa. I ka mua, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o lākou, akā mānoanoa. Hoʻohana ʻo ia iā lākou e neʻe ma lalo, a he omo ko ka goby ma laila.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Noho ʻo Gobies ma Azov, Ke Kai ʻEleʻele, Caspian, Kai Nui a me Baltic. A loaʻa pū i nā kahawai: Moscow, Volga, Ural, Dnieper, Bug a me nā loko o nā Urals Hema. Alakaʻi ka iʻa i kahi nohona noho ma ke kai a me nā pōhaku o ka muliwai, ma waena o ke one a me nā pōhaku.
I ke kauwela ʻaʻole ʻauʻau lākou i kahi hohonu loa, aia lākou ma kahi kokoke i ke kahakai. He iʻa lohi a hoʻomaha ʻole nā Gobies. ʻO ka hapanui o ka manawa hūnā lākou ma waena o nā pōhaku a me nā limu, lua i ka silt. ʻEli lākou i mau lua no lākou i ke one, hoʻololi i ko lākou wahi noho no ka hoʻoilo ma ka ʻauʻau ʻana i uka.
Ke hoʻololi ikaika i ka mahana i ka wai a i ʻole nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole, lilo nā gobies i kaʻa ʻole. Hāʻule lākou i kahi makaʻu, kū i ka hopu holoholona a kali no nā manawa ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
Kōkua ke kala camouflage iā lākou e peʻe mai nā mea hōkai. Ua lilo nā Gobies i mau maka o ka pike-perch, Sturgeon, nā sila a me nā dolphins Azov. ʻAi ʻia lākou e nā ʻelele nui o kā lākou ʻano ponoʻī. ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki i nā ʻāʻī ke ʻimi i ka pā a nā kānaka ʻē aʻe. Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻenemi i ka wai, aia kekahi e makemake e ʻahaʻaina i nā gobies ma ka ʻāina. ʻO nā herona kēia, nā limu, nā moʻo a me nā poʻe.
Meaʻai kūpono
Nānā nā Gobies i ka meaʻai i ka silt, ma waena o nā pōhaku a me nā limu. ʻO kā lākou meaʻai punahele ka mea liʻiliʻi crustacean a me nā ʻōpala. ʻAi lākou i nā mollusks, nā ilo, nā larva insect like ʻole a me nā ʻai o nā iʻa ʻē aʻe.
Hūnā ʻo Gobies i nā hale malumalu a kali i ka ʻike pio ʻia i ka maka. Ke hiki mai kēia, hū a koke ka iʻa a ale koke i ka meaʻai. A laila peʻe hou ʻo ia a kali i kahi ʻāpana hou.
Aia ma waena o nā lāhui āpau ka stefodon goby, ʻaʻole ia he mea kalaiwa. ʻAi ʻo ia i ka limu a me kā lākou mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, ʻo kēia ʻano kēia i lilo i waiwai pio no ka mea ʻaihue ʻano laha o goby.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Lōʻihi ka wā hānau no kēia iʻa. Moana a me wai inu wai hou hoʻomaka ia i ka puna a hoʻopau kokoke i ka hoʻoilo. Makua piha ma o ka hopena o 2 mau makahiki o ke ola. Hoʻomaka ka loli o ko lākou kala a lilo i pouli e kekahi mau leo.
Ke ʻimi nei ke kāne hoʻomākaukau no kahi o ka "pūnana" ʻana ma waena o nā pōhaku a me ka silt. Nui nā mea noi no kahi hoʻokahi. A laila hoʻonohonoho ka iʻa i nā hakakā e pale ai i kā lākou kuleana. Hoʻouka lākou kekahi i kekahi, nā lanakila ikaika loa, a me nā mea eo i hope e hoʻi i hope a nānā i nā koho ʻē aʻe.
He wahine polygamous nā kāne a huki i nā wahine i ka manawa hoʻokahi. Moe lākou i lalo a haʻalulu me ko lākou mau wili, e hoʻoheheʻe ana i nā nalu ultrasonic a me nā kani chomping e ʻumeʻume i nā wahine. I ka huli, ʻauʻau nā wahine i ka pūnana a momona. A laila, ʻōpuʻu lākou.
ʻO nā hua o nā gobies i kahi ʻano elongated, e like me ka laiki, a hana ʻia ka flagella kūikawā ma kekahi o nā wēlau. Me ke kōkua o lākou, paʻa paʻa nā hua i nā pōhaku a i ʻole nā limu, ʻaʻole lākou makaʻu i ka wā maikaʻi ʻole a me nā ʻino.
Hiki i kēlā me kēia wahine ke hoʻomoe i 2,000 i 8,000 mau hua. Ma hope o ka hoʻolei ʻana, ʻauʻau aku lākou, a noho nā kāne e nānā i ka caviar a pale iā ia mai ka poʻe makemake e ʻai, no hoʻokahi mahina. ʻO kā lākou mālama ʻana i nā hua manu ua like ia me ke kaʻina o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā hua i nā manu. Aia mau ka iʻa ma luna o nā hua a paʻi i kona mau lī e hāʻawi iā lākou i ka oxygen.
Ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina, e puka mai nā larvae liʻiliʻi mai nā hua manu, a iʻaila. Kūʻokoʻa koke nā pēpē a nānā i nā meaʻai na lākou. ʻO ka mea mua, ʻai lākou i nā mea crustacea liʻiliʻi, a ke ulu nei a kuapo lākou i kahi papaʻai like ʻole.
He pōkole loa ke ola o kēia mau iʻa, maximum - 5 mau makahiki. Ke nānā ʻia nei ke kūlana o nā helu e nā ichthyologists. ʻOiai he waiwai nui nā gobies i ka lawaiʻa, kūpaʻa ʻole ko lākou lehulehu. I kekahi manawa i ke kai a me nā loko, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā helu, a ʻo kekahi manawa ʻo ia ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe.
Pili ka poʻe e noho kokoke ana i ke kai o Azov i ka mālama ʻana i ka nui o nā gobies. I loko o ka wā spawning, pāpā ʻia ʻaʻole e lawaiʻa i nā iʻa, hoʻokele ma nā waʻa lana a hoʻolei i lalo.
Hopu a me ke kumu kūʻai
ʻO ka manawa ʻoi loa no ka hopu ʻana i nā gobies i ke kauwela. No ka mea ma mua o ka ʻauʻau o ka hoʻoilo i ka lalo, hoʻāʻo ka iʻa e waihona i ka ikehu a lilo i voracious. ʻEleu lākou mai ka pō a ke kakahiaka, a kokoke i ka wā ʻaina awakea e māhuahua iki ka nahu.
He paʻakikī e hopu i nā gobies i ka wā mālie. Ke noho mālie ka wai, no ka laʻana, i loko o kahi loko, hoʻemi nā gobies i ka hana a peʻe ma lalo. Kali lākou i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wai e hoʻāla, i mea e hoʻāla ai ka wai pāpaʻu a lawe i ka mea pio.
I kahi ʻino ikaika a me nā nalu, hele nā gobies i kahi hohonu o 15 - 20 mau mika, a i ke ao kūohu a me ka ua ua ʻau lākou kokoke i ke kahakai. ʻO ka wā ʻaʻole e lawaiʻa ka lawaiʻa ʻana ʻo ʻAukake ia. I kēia manawa, hoʻomaka e mohala nā mea kanu kai a piha nā gobies. Ma muli o ka pua ʻana o kēia pua i nā crustacea liʻiliʻi a me nā kamaʻāina benthic.
Hiki ke hopu ʻia ka goby me kekahi koʻokoʻo lawaiʻa, no ka wili a no ka maʻamau, lana. ʻAʻole ia e koi ʻia e hoʻohana i ke koʻokoʻo wili i hoʻolālā ʻia no nā iʻa kai, no ka mea, ʻuʻuku nā gobies iā ia. ʻAʻole pono ke kēpau ma ka hope loa o ka laina, ma hope o ia mea ma kahi o ka hapalua mika i ka laina, a moe pono ke kēpau ma lalo.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea lawaiʻa lele, no ka mea, ʻumeʻume ka iʻa i ka neʻe like me nā mea o kāna lawaiʻa maʻamau. E ʻoki pono ʻo Gobies i ka maunu ke neʻe ʻo ia ma lalo, ma kahi o 5-15 cm, a laila kū mālie. Holo aku lākou a hoʻouka ke kū mālie ka mea pio. No laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka laina lalo o ka mea kaua.
He lōʻihi lōʻihi paha nā lou, ʻoiai e ale ana ka iʻa iā lākou. Lawe ka poʻe lawaiʻa i nā lou mai 5 a 12. No ka hopu ʻana i kahi goby mai ke kahakai, pono ʻoe i kahi koʻokoʻo lōʻihi, a i 3 mika, a inā e lawaiʻa ana mai kahi moku - 1.5 mika.
ʻO nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo maka, ke ake a i ʻole kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino o kahi bipi liʻiliʻi i hopu ʻia e kūpono e like me ka maunu. ʻAi maikaʻi lākou i ka ʻōpae, nā crustacea, nā nīnū, nā ilo a me nā ʻino heʻe. A me nā wili liʻiliʻi, hoʻohana ʻia ka microjig.
Maʻalahi ka hana lawaiʻa. Pono ʻoe e hoʻolei i kahi mamao aku, a laila lohi mālie i ka laina me nā jerks liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hana i nā neʻe like me kahi iʻa muliwai liʻiliʻi. I ka manawa ke kūpale ka maunu, e kīkī ka bipi ma luna ona, e hana ana i kahi dash mai kahi mai e 20 cm.
ʻO ka mea nui e akahele a lawe i kou manawa, no ka mea ʻaʻole nahu ka iʻa i ka maunu e holo wikiwiki ana. ʻO ka lawaiʻa ʻana mai kahi moku, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ke ʻano kali. No ka hopu ʻana i ka iʻa nui, hoʻohana ʻia ka microjig a i ʻole nā vibrotails, e huki me nā neʻe liʻiliʻi.
ʻO nā kūlana kūpono loa no ka lawaiʻa ʻana:
- ua hoʻolōʻihi lōʻihi.
- ka mahana o ka lewa mai + 10 a i + 27;
- i nā wahi i ka malu, kahi pāpaʻu, i nā ulu ulu kahi e kū ai ka wai a mehana.
Aia nā iʻa goby beku liʻiliʻi ma ka mākeke mai 40 a 120 rubles i kēlā me kēia kilogram. Nā mea hou aʻe gobies nui - mai 130 a 500 rubles. I ka lawaiʻa, hopu ʻia ka iʻa i waena o ke kai ʻo Azov a me Black. ʻO wau e hoʻohana ia mea no ka meaʻai iʻa, maloʻo a maloʻo.
Kūʻai ʻia nā iʻa maloʻo no ka hana ʻana i nā cutlets, no ka sup iʻa. ʻAʻohe palai iki ʻia no ka mea he iwi nui ia. ʻO ka hoʻohana maʻamau o ka iʻa i nā gobies kōmato. Kūʻai ʻia aku lāua i ka kēpau a hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma ka home.
Makemake nā poʻe he nui e ʻai i nā gobies i kēlā me kēia ʻano. Ua maikaʻi ke olakino a maikaʻi hoʻi o ka iʻa i kūkulu ʻia kahi kia hoʻomanaʻo i kona hanohano. Aia ia ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Yeysk, ma ke Teritori ʻo Krasnodar, ma ke alanui nui, a ua kapa ʻia ʻo "Bychok - King of the Sea of Azov."
A aia kekahi kia hoʻomanaʻo ma Zaporozhye, ma Berdyansk. Ua hoʻolaʻa ʻia ia i ka "Goby - ka mea ʻai". No ka mea i ka wā o ke Kaua Honua ʻElua, ua pōloli nā kānaka. Akā mahalo i kaʻiʻo momona a momona o kēia iʻa, ua ola nā haneli mau keiki a me nā mākua me ka make ʻole o ka pōloli.
