ʻO ka moʻo punawelewele (lat. Atelidae) nā mea mammal mai ka ʻohana o nā ʻīlio ākea (Platyrrhini) a me ke kauoha a Primates. Aia kēia ʻohana ma kahi o kanakolu mau laha hou, i mahele wale ʻia i ka panalāʻau o ka Honua Hou.
Hōʻike o ka moʻo punawelewele
ʻO nā moʻo punawelewele ka ʻaiʻē ma ko lākou inoa ʻano ʻē ʻaʻole wale i ka lōʻihi a me ka ikaika o nā wāwae a me nā lima, akā i ka hiʻu, kahi e hoʻokani nei i ke ʻano o ka lima o ka lima o nā lālā. Liʻiliʻi ka iwi poʻo o ka mōneka, no laila, ke kau nei ka māmele ma nā lālā a paʻa iā lākou e ka huelo, a ʻo nā lālā hoʻi a pau, he mea hoʻomanaʻo i ka punawelewele i kona ʻano a pau.
ʻIke, nā ana
ʻO nā moʻo punawelewele, ʻo ia hoʻi nā moʻo a me nā pālule, ka mea nui i kēia manawa ma ka ʻāina ʻAmelika. ʻO ke kaulike kaulike o kahi mākua ma kahi o 4-10 kg, me ka lōʻihi o ke kino ma kahi o 34-65 knm. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka huelo o ka mōneka arachnid ʻokoʻa ma waena o 55-90 cm.
Hoihoi ia! I loko o kahi koat hulu, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ke kapa ma nā poʻohiwi ma mua o ke kapa ma ka ʻōpū a ma nā wāwae.
Ma ka wahi hakahaka ma ka lalo o ka wēlau o ka huelo, aia nā scallops, nā mea e mālama i ka pono o ka māmala. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ka forelimbs o ka moʻo spider ma mua o nā lālā hope, akā i kekahi poʻe ua like paha ka lōʻihi o lākou. Koho ka manamana nui ma ka lima a hoʻoliʻiliʻi paha, a hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia nā manamana wāwae nui. Lōʻihi ke kapa o ka holoholona, nā waihoʻoluʻu like ʻole... ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka waha o ka holoholona he ʻeleʻele i ka nui o ka waihoʻoluʻu, a ʻeleʻele ka lauoho o ke kino a ʻeleʻele paha i ke kala.
ʻO ke ʻano a me ka nohona
Makemake nā moʻo Punawelewele ʻole e noho i nā hui liʻiliʻi, ma kahi o ʻumi mau kānaka, akā i kekahi manawa hiki i nā māmela ke ʻākoakoa i nā hipa he kanahā a ʻoi paha mau mea. Noho nā Lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻohana o nā mōneka ihu ākea i nā canopies o ka nahele, me ka hele ʻole i lalo o ka honua. No laila, no ke ola holoʻokoʻa o kēia laha, koi ʻia ke alo obligatory o nā lāʻau nui a lawa i ka wahi noho.
ʻO ka hiamoe ʻana o nā mōneka arachnid kahi wale nō i nā lāʻau, kahi e noho ai nā holoholona ma kahi mamao iki mai kēlā me kēia. E neʻe i waena o nā mea kanu, hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano semi-brachiation, e kau ana i nā lālā e nā forelimbs a me kahi huelo prehensile loa. ʻO ka hana nui o nā māmela ma ke ao.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke ʻano hana o nā mōʻī arachnid e nā wā hoʻomaha, ka hānai ʻana, ka huakaʻi, a me ka locomotion a me ke kamaʻilio pū kekahi. ʻO nā primates ʻeleu palupalu e hoʻolilo ma kahi o 50% o ko lākou manawa o kēlā me kēia lā i ke kaʻina o ka hoʻomaha, 20% o ka manawa i hoʻolilo ʻia i ka meaʻai, 28% - i ka huakaʻi a i ʻole ka neʻe ʻana, a me 2% - i ke kaʻina o ke kamaʻilio pū kekahi.
Makemake kēlā me kēia hui Atelidae e waiho ma nā lāʻau kaʻawale kahi e noho ai nā hale. Me nā ululāʻau ululāʻau, haʻalele nā mōneka arachnid i ko lākou wahi noho a hiki iā lākou ke hoʻi i ko lākou wahi kumu ma hope o ka ulu ʻana o nā kumulāʻau kūpono no ka noho holoholona i kahi kiʻekiʻe kūpono.
Pehea ka lōʻihi o ke ola ʻana o kahi moʻo kolo
ʻOkoʻa ka poʻe lunamakaʻāinana o ka ʻāpana o nā moʻo arachnid ʻaʻole wale i ka nui a me ke kala, akā ʻokoʻa nō hoʻi i ke ola o ke ola. Noho nā kāne ma nā kūlana kūlohelohe, ma ke ʻano he rula, ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻumi mau makahiki, a me nā wahine - a ʻumikūmālua a ʻumikūmālima mau makahiki... Hāʻawi ʻia i nā kūlana maikaʻi loa, hiki i ke awelika ke ola o nā māmela o kēia ʻano ke hiki i iwakālua mau makahiki, a ʻo ka hapahā o ke kenekulia a ʻoi paha. I ka noho pio ʻana, ola nā holoholona ma kahi o kanahā mau makahiki.
Nā ʻano o nā mōʻī arachnid
ʻO ka ʻohana o nā mōʻī arachnid e pani ʻia e nā ʻohana ʻelua, ʻelima mau hanauna a kokoke i kanakolu mau ʻano. Aia ka ʻohana Alouattinae i ka genus Howler (Alouatta), me:
- Alouatta arctoidea;
- uwea lima ʻulaʻula (Аlоuаttа bеlzebul);
- howler ʻeleʻele (Alouatta saraya);
- Coiba howler (Alouatta coibensis);
- Hoʻololi ʻo Alouatta;
- brown howler (Аlоuatta guаribа);
- Alouatta juara;
- Guyana howler (Alouatta massonnelli);
- ʻLerlelo Amazonian howler (Alouatta nigerrima);
- Uē Colombia (Alouatta palliata);
- Welina ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa (Alouatta pigra);
- Alouatta puruensis;
- Bolivian Howler (Alouatta sara);
- howler ʻulaʻula (Alouatta seniculus);
- Alouatta ululata.
Aia ka ʻohana Atelinae ma lalo:
- genus o Coates (Аteles), me ke kapa keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo (Аteles belzebuth), ke kapa Peruvian (Аteles сhamek), ke kapa Colombia koatu (Аteles ranisсus);
- ʻo ka moʻo Spider monkeys (Brachyteles), me ka mōneka arachnid (Brachyteles arachnoids) a me ka mōneka ʻulaʻula (Brachyteles hyrohanthus);
- genus Woolly ape
ʻO ka mōneka huelo melemele (Oreonah flavicauda) no ka puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi Oreonax.
Kahi noho, nā wahi noho
Noho ka howler lima ʻulaʻula i ke kapakai o ʻAkelanika a me nā ululāʻau ʻo Amazonian. ʻO nā ʻīlio ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele a me ka ʻeleʻele no nā ʻelele hema loa o kēia genus, a he hopena nā hoa lawaiʻa ʻo Coiba i Panama. ʻO nā lunamaka o nā ʻano manuahi ʻo Guyana howler i aneane ma nā wahi āpau o nā Guiana Highlands, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka Amazon a ma ka hikina o ka Rio Negro.
Noho ka Amazon howler ma waena o Brazil. Noho ka Central American Howler i nā ululāʻau nui o Belize, Mexico a me Guatemala, ʻoiai ʻo nā moʻo Bolivian Howler nā mea maʻamau i ka ʻākau a me ke kikowaena o Bolivia a hiki i nā palena me Peru a me Brazil.
Hoihoi ia! ʻO kahi ʻano laha ʻole ka ʻāpana huluhulu melemele huluhulu. He hopena ia iā Peru, loaʻa wale ma nā Peruvian Andes ma nā wahi o San Marín, Amazonas, Loreto a me Huanuco, a ma La Libertad hoʻi.
ʻO nā lunamakaʻāinana āpau o ka Koata genus he kamaʻāina o nā ululāʻau tropika o ʻAmelika Hema a me Central America: mai ka hema o Mexico a hiki i nā palena o Brazil. Noho ʻo Lagotrixes a i ʻole nā Woolly Monkeys i nā papa kiʻekiʻe o ka waoakua, nā wahi ulu a me nā noe o ka ʻākau o ʻAmelika Hema, e like me Bolivia a me Brazil, Colombia, ʻEkuador a me Peru.
ʻO Spider Monkey Diet
ʻO ka papaʻai nui o nā mōneka howler e hōʻike ʻia e nā lau a me nā hua, a me nā ʻanoʻano a me nā pua o nā mea kanu ke lawelawe ma ke ʻano he hoʻohui... ʻAi nui nā kapa komo i nā hua hua a me nā pua, akā i kekahi manawa ʻahaʻaina i nā mea kolo a me ka lāʻau popopo.
ʻO nā lau mea kanu ma kahi o 20% o ka nui o ka papaʻai, a hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻanoʻano i ka papaʻai i ka wā ua, ke lawa ʻole paha nā hua. Hana nā hua i 36% o ka nui o ka papaʻai, nā lau oʻo - ma kahi o 30%, nā lau ʻōpio a me nā ʻōpuʻu - ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 25%, a me nā pua - ma kahi o 5%.
Hoʻohua a me nā keiki
ʻO nā moʻo wahine wahine hānau maʻamau i hoʻokahi cub. ʻAʻohe mea hōʻailona o ke kau i ka hana hou ʻana o ia mau māmela; no laila, hiki i nā lunamakaʻāinana o kēia ʻohana ke kāne a puni ka makahiki. Kūleʻa a hana ʻino hoʻi nā ʻano primates i nā malihini i ka wā o ka hānau.
Hoihoi ia! Lohi loa ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka heluna lehulehu, ma muli o ka hana pinepine ʻole ʻia ʻana o nā moʻo arachnid a me ka hānau ʻana o hoʻokahi bipi keiki wale nō.
No nā makahiki ʻelua, noho mau ka pēpē me kona makuahine. Mai ka makahiki o ʻehā mau mahina, hoʻomaka nā cubs e hoʻāʻo i nā ʻano mea kanu mea kanu.
ʻAʻole pili nā ʻohana makuahine i ka ʻohana Monachnid monkeys i ke kūlana piha a hiki i ka piha ʻana o nā makahiki he ʻelima.
ʻEnemi kūlohelohe
ʻO nā ʻenemi kūlohelohe o ka moʻo kolo e hōʻike ʻia e nā jaguars, nā ocelots a me nā ʻaeto, nā ʻīlio hika, akā ʻo ka mea nui e hōʻeha ʻia ai nā mammals e nā kānaka. ʻO nā hoʻoweliweli i ka lehulehu lehulehu ka ʻimi holoholona ʻana no ka ʻiʻo a me ka hopu ʻia ʻana o nā ʻōpio e nā mea ʻai holoholona, a me ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka nohona kūlohelohe o nā mōneka arachnid. Ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, hoʻoneoneo ka ulu lāʻau ākea i kahi ʻāpana māhele o ka ʻāpana hāʻawi.
Heluna a me ke kūlana o kēia ʻano
Ua hāʻawi ʻia ka laha Red -hand Howler i ke kūlana palekana Vulnerable e ka International Union for Conservation of Nature. ʻO nā Lunamakaʻāinana o ka lāhui ʻ monkeylio huluhulu ʻ monkeylū huluhulu ke ʻaneʻane nei e nalowale. ʻO nā ʻīlio ʻulaʻula kahi ʻano laha ʻole a makaʻu ʻole hoʻi o ka primate me kahi kūlana mālama Critically Endangered.
ʻO nā ʻāpana ʻeiwa i ʻike ʻia o ka mōneka arachnid, ʻewalu i lalo o ka hoʻoweliweli o ka luku. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka Central American Howler ma ke ʻano he "Endangered," a ʻo ke kūlana mālama o ka Red Howler i mea hopohopo iki. I ka paʻa pio ʻana, lawa pono nā moʻo arachnid, i hiki ai ke hana i nā lehulehu piha e noho nei i nā paka zoological a me nā mālama honua.
