Noho ma kapa o ka muliwai i ke ahiahi kauwela mālie, leʻaleʻa mākou i ke mele ʻana o cicadas, a ʻaʻole mākou i ʻike ʻaʻole ia he ʻenemi e mele iā mākou, akā manu kika... Kaulana ʻo ia no kēia kani kumu loa.
ʻO ka mea mele, a i ʻole ʻo ka mea mele, hiki ke lohe maikaʻi ʻia ma luna o ka ʻilikai, akā paʻakikī loa e ʻike. He ʻano hūnā ko ka hulu, kamumōlū plumage a me kekahi mau mea huna ʻē aʻe, mahalo i ka ʻike ʻole ʻia. E nānā pono i kēia mea ola.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO nā Crickets (Locustella) nā manu mai ka papa passerine. Ma mua, no ka ʻohana Warbler lākou, kahi a lākou e like ai. Ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻauhau ʻauhau "ʻōpala" ia, a ma hope ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou i ʻohana kaʻawale me nā warblers a me nā umauma like ʻole. Hōʻike kēia mau mea āpau i ka hiʻohiʻona e like like me ka nui o nā passerine.
Liʻiliʻi ka nui, ma kahi o 12-16 cm, kaupaona a 25 g. ʻO ka plumage he hina maʻamau me ka brown, hoʻonui ʻia i kekahi manawa me nā ʻoliva a me nā leo ʻoka. He huelo pololei ko lākou, a he ākea hoʻi, i kekahi manawa e pōʻaiapuni i ka hopena, a i kekahi manawa hehi lākou. ʻO ka hoʻonaninani nui o ka hapa nui o nā lunamakaʻāinana kahi ʻano scaly ma ke poʻo, ka ʻāʻī, ke kua a me nā peʻa ʻēheu.
Hana ʻia ia i nā kiko lonikū variegated o kahi waihoʻoluʻu pouli a lanahu, ʻike maopopo ʻia ma ke kino o luna, kokoke i ka hope i hope a mālamalama a ʻokoʻa iki.
Hoihoi! ʻAʻole paʻakikī nā keikikāne a me nā kaikamahine, koe wale nō ka nui o nā hiʻohiʻona "kala" i ka mānoanoa o nā kani hina hina.
Ākea ka nuku ma ke kumu, a subulate ma ka hopena. ʻAʻohe ʻo Setae ma ke kumu o ka nuku. ʻO nā hulu lele, ʻo ka lua a me ke kolu ka lōʻihi loa.
ʻO ke ʻano nui o ka manu kāna akahele akahele. Eia kekahi, he manu nimble a manuahi loa. Hōʻike kēia i ke kumu o ka paʻakikī e ʻike iā ia i nā lau mānoanoa, a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ke kiʻi ʻana. ʻO ka cricket manu ma ke kiʻi hele a maʻa mau i kāna wā ʻimi holoholona - ke nānā nei i ka mauʻu. Maliʻa paha i kēia manawa hana nui ʻo ia me kāna mea i aloha ai haʻalele ʻo ia i ke kaʻina o ke paʻi kiʻi ʻana.
Hīmeni manu kika - hīmeni kahi kahawai ʻōhumu, ke kani o ka mauʻu mauʻu, ke hū o nā ea i loko o ka wai. ʻĀwī, wili, ʻāwī hōʻoluʻolu. Paipai ʻia kēia mau leo e nā kauka no ka hiamoe hohonu a olakino hoʻi.
Nā ʻano
Aia nā ʻano manu like ʻole o ka crickets i 20 mau ʻano manu. Ma waena o lākou ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe noho o nā ʻāina he nui, a aia he endemics kūlohelohe i hoʻokahi wale nō wahi.
Ma Rūsia, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā ʻano aʻe:
- Cricket muliwai... Noho i kahi ʻāpana nui mai ke komohana o Siberia a i ka hikina o Central Europe. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona nui, e kiʻi ana i 16 knm. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia e kahi huelo puni. Loaʻa i nā plumage nā leo ʻoliva.
ʻO nā kaha nānahu ma ka umauma a me ka ʻāʻī. Belly - beige māmā, ʻeleʻele i ka lihi. Hoʻokomo pū ʻia i loko o kāna ʻahamele me ke kani o nā kani o "zer-zer-zerr", e like me nā ʻūhini. Hīmeni ʻo ia i kahi kiʻekiʻe o 5-8 m, a laila hāʻule i lalo me he pōhaku lā a peʻe i nā mānoanoa.
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o ka cricket muliwai:
- Cricket ʻike ʻia... ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 12 cm, ke kaumaha e pili ana i 15 g. ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kokoleka ma mua o ka hina. Uhi ʻia i nā kiko ʻeleʻele. ʻIke ʻia nā kiko kiʻi ʻāpana like i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka ʻōpū hina hina.
Noho ia i ka hapa nui o ko mākou ʻāina nui mai ka ʻākau hikina o ʻEulopa, ma waena o Siberia holoʻokoʻa, a hiki i nā mokupuni Kepani. Lele i ka hoʻoilo ma ʻAkia Hema.
Pāʻani i ka pīpī pīpī:
- Pōʻani pōhili... ʻO ka manu liʻiliʻi, a 14 cm ka lōʻihi, ke kaupaona - 15-22 g. He like loa me ka nightingale maʻamau. ʻAʻohe o nā hiʻohiʻona motley i ka plumage. A ʻo kāna hīmeni ka mea paʻakikī loa o nā mea āpau, aia nā trill a me nā leo like ʻole "tick-tick ... errr ... cyc, cyc, pit-pit". Hana ʻia ma kahi mai ke komohana o ʻEulopa a i nā kuahiwi Ural. ʻO Winters maʻAfelika, lele lōʻihi i ka pō.
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o ka cricket nightingale:
- Mele Kalikimaka... Nui a 16 cm, noho i ka ʻākau o ʻAsia. ʻO Winters ma ʻAsia Hema. Sings leo nui, iridescent, akahai trills. ʻO ia ka mea e mālama hauʻoli ʻia i ka home inā laki ʻo ia e hopu iā ia.
Lohe i ke mele o ke mele cricket:
- Manu cricket maʻamau - Noho ʻEulopa, nā pūnana i nā kahawai, ma nā kula pulu a me nā kula. ʻO kāna chirping "zirrr-zirr" ʻano like me ke kani o kahi ʻalekiko a i ʻole kahi ʻūhini.
- ʻO ka cricket Taiga... ʻO kahi lunamakaʻāinana nui o kona ʻano, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka nui i kahi manu liʻiliʻi. Loaʻa ia mai ka hema o Siberia Komohana a i Korea. ʻAhi ʻia ka huelo, hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ke kino. Ua helu ʻia i loko o ka puke ʻulaʻula o ka moku ʻo Tomsk. Hīmeni ʻo ia i ke kakahiaka i ka wanaʻao.
Pāʻani i ka cricket taiga:
- ʻO Cricket Okhotsk... Noho ka manu liʻiliʻi nondescript i ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka Tatar Strait a me ke kahakai nui o ke kai o Okhotsk, a me Kamchatka, nā Kurile a me nā mokupuni Commander. Nā Winters ma ka ʻĀina Pilipino, Borneo a me Sulawesi.
- ʻO ka umauma ʻokoʻa Siberian... Kupa o ka Hikina hikina a me Siberia Hikina. Hoʻohālike ke mele me ka crackle a i ʻole ke kani o nā transmissions uila kiʻekiʻe "trz-trzzzz"
- Uʻi pied liʻiliʻi... Kupa o ka hema o Siberia Hikina. I ka plumage, hoʻohui ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula i nā kala hina. ʻO nā mele ʻelua mau ʻāpana "tzi ... tzi". Hīmeni i ke kakahiaka a me ka pō.
Ua ʻike ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻano i kahi mele ʻokoʻa. Akā hui pū ʻia lākou me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka ʻāpana o ka moe kolohe, a ʻo ia hoʻi, hāʻawi lākou i nā ʻahamele ʻoi loa i ka pō a me ka pō.
Hoihoi! ʻAʻole akahele wale nā manu pīkoi akā akahele hoʻi. ʻAʻole "mele" kikoʻī kekahi mau kāne kokoke i ko lākou pūnana, akā e hoʻāʻo e lele.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
ʻO nā kekeke nā manu neʻe. Hoʻokomo lākou i ʻEulopa a i ʻĀkia paha, a no ka hoʻoilo lele lākou i nā ʻāina wela - i ka ʻāina mamao o ʻApelika a i ʻole nā ʻāina hema o ʻAsia.
Lōʻihi ka lele, i kekahi manawa he ʻehā mau mahina a ʻoi paha. I ka waenakonu o ʻApelila, ʻike ʻia nā manu i ko lākou wahi maoli, i ka hopena o ʻAukake hoʻomākaukau lākou no ka haʻalele. No laila ʻike ʻia ʻaʻole hoʻolōʻihi lākou i kahi manawa lōʻihi i kahi ʻāina haole.
ʻO ka nohona ko lākou hiʻohiʻona nui. Noho lākou i ka manawa ma ka honua, neʻe wikiwiki iā ia. ʻOi aku ka pololei, lele iki kēia mau manu a me ka makemake ʻole, he mea maʻamau ʻole ia no nā passerines. Akā i ka mauʻu e holo lākou a peʻe akamai e like me nāʻiole, a piʻi wikiwiki i nā kumu lāʻau a me nā mea kanu.
ʻO kā lākou leʻaleʻa punahele e noho kokoke i ka muliwai, kahi e māhū ai, mauʻu kiʻekiʻe, nā mānoanoa willow. Hoʻāʻo kekahi e noho i ka ʻohe. I kekahi manawa aia nō kekahi poʻe aloha i nā wahi maloʻo, akā ʻokoʻa kēia i ke kānāwai.
I ka paʻa pio ʻana, ʻaʻole mālama iki ʻia kēia manu, no ka mea paʻakikī ka hopu ʻana iā ia. Akā inā hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i kahi manu cricket, e hāʻawi iā ia i kahi hale liʻiliʻi i loko o kahi pā, e kau i kahi lāʻau liʻiliʻi. Hiki iā ʻoe ke waiho i kahi ʻauʻau liʻiliʻi a inu i ka pā, pono e hoʻopiha ʻia me ka wai maʻemaʻe.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻūlū ka manu e like me ka luaʻi, nā mea kolo, nona ka inoa i kapa ʻia ai, ʻo ia kāna ʻai. Hulu manu kiki loa i ka hulu insectivorous. Hoʻopomo lākou i nā nalo, nā makika, nā nalo a me kā lākou larvae, nā dragonflies liʻiliʻi, kolo ana a lele i nā mea kolo.
ʻAe wale i ka hoʻoilo e ʻae lākou iā lākou iho e hoʻohui i kekahi mau hua a me nā ʻanoʻano i ka papa kuhikuhi, no ka mea, ua lilo ia i mea paʻakikī me nā kolo. ʻImi nā manu i ka honua, hopu koke a ʻūlū i kā lākou mea pio. He mea pili ia e hoʻohui ma aneʻi he ʻano ʻoi ka hihi ko nā manu.
He paʻakikī loa ke ʻike ʻana i nā ʻeleka o ke kala like ma ka honua pouli, akā ʻo ka mea hahai holoholona ke kūpaka i kēia hana. Inā noho ka manu i loko o kou pā, kūpono nā huikau no nā manu kolo e like me ka meaʻai. Hoʻohui ʻia, pono nā mea kolo ola, e like me ka ʻai ʻana, i loko o ka papaʻai a ka pēpē.
I kēia manawa i nā hale kūʻai holoholona e hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i nā kūpikū, nā ʻūhini a me nā kekeke like. Kūʻai kekahi poʻe i moth moth mai nā poʻe hānai hānai meleke, pono ia no nā manu. Hiki ke hānai ʻia i nā ʻano ʻenuhe ʻaʻano ʻole i loko o ka hānai. Hoʻohui ʻia, hauʻoli ka manu i ka ʻai ʻana i nā pepelu kāpeti.
Maʻaneʻi ʻaʻole pono e hāʻawi pinepine ʻia nā hua moa, hiki iā lākou ke pale i kekahi manu. ʻO ka koho ʻoi loa a kūpono hoʻi nā ʻūhini. Hiki ke paʻahau i nā kolo, ma nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi wale nō, i kēlā me kēia manawa.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
ʻO nā manu e laulea pinepine nā manu monogamous. Hoʻokumu koke ʻia nā pālua ma hope koke iho o ka hōʻea ʻana i ka pūnaewele pūnana. Hoʻokumu pololei ʻia ka pūnana ma ka honua a i ʻole haʻahaʻa ma nā kumu o nā mea kanu a i ʻole nā ʻohe. Lawe ʻia ka hana e ka wahine, keu hoʻi me ka ʻole e hoʻopilikia iā ia iho me ka ʻimi ʻana i nā mea kūkulu hale.
Hoʻohana mau ʻia ka limu a me nā koena o nā mea kanu lau nahele. I ka lālau aia nō i mau manawa he 4-6 mau hua. Kū ka Incubation ma kahi o 2 mau pule, me nā mākua ʻelua i pili. ʻAi pū ʻia nā moa e kū mai.
Ua hala ʻē aʻe hebedoma hou aku, a lele nā manu liʻiliʻi mai ka pūnana. I ka noho pio ʻana, ola nā manu ma kahi o 4-5 mau makahiki. Pehea ka lōʻihi o ko lākou noho ʻana i nā kūlana kūlohelohe ʻaʻole i ʻike nui ʻia ma muli o kā lākou hūnā.
ʻO Cricket ka pūnana manu a kiʻi ʻia
ʻIkepili Hoihoi.
- I mea e pale aku ai i ka manu i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaupaona i loko o ka pā, e kūʻai i nā mea ʻino liʻiliʻi nona. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o ka laʻana, ka liʻiliʻi o ka momona a me ka protein i loaʻa iā ia, a me ka chitin pono aʻe. No laila, pale i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā mākua i nā manawa hiki.
- Locustella (Locustella) ... No ka poʻe ʻike i ka mōʻaukala liʻiliʻi, kani ka inoa i ka hoʻoweliweli. Ma hope o nā mea āpau, hele mai ia mai ka inoa o ka mea ʻona nui o ka Roman Empire o ka 1st kenekulia AD - Locusta. Ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia ʻo ia no nā lawehala kiʻekiʻe he nui. Ua hana ʻo ia i nā mea ʻawahia akamai, a ua lawe pū kekahi iā ia iho e loaʻa ka palekana mai iā lākou. No laila, ʻaneʻane hiki ʻole ke hoʻomake iā ia. Ua kipaku ka inoa o ka villainess i ka inoa o ka ʻelala ʻūhini lele (Locusta migratoria), i manaʻo ʻia he omnivorous a paʻakikī e hoʻopau. A mai nā ʻūhini mai, ua neʻe ka inoa i kā mākou heroine. Akā ma aneʻi i kani ʻia ai nā leo hālau kaulana ma ke ʻano he hiʻohiʻona.
