Ma waena o ka Moana ʻEleʻele a me ke kai Caspian, ma ka Ciscaucasia, aia ka Teritori Stavropol. Noho ʻo Upland i ka hapa nui o ka ʻāina, ma ka hikina a me ka ʻākau o ka ʻāpana ka lawena e lawe ai i nā kaha kiʻi pālahalaha.
ʻO ke aniau i ka Teritori Stavropol he kaulike, ma nā wahi mauna ʻoi aku ka ʻoi. I Ianuali, hāʻule ka mahana i ka mahele mauna o ka ʻāina i -20 ° C, i ka pā - a -10 ° C. I ka waena o ke kauwela, i nā mauna, piʻi ka mahana i + 15 ° C, ma nā wahi pālahalaha - a i + 25 ° C.
Hoʻololi nā hiʻohiʻona ʻāina i kahi wahi liʻiliʻi o ka ʻāina mai ka ʻāina wai i ka mauna-waena. Ua alakaʻi kēia i ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā ʻano Zoological like ʻole, ke nīnau ʻia ke ola ʻana i kekahi manawa no ka lehulehu o ka ʻāina a me ka hana waiwai.
Nā makuahine o ka Teritori Stavropol
Noho mau nā ʻano 89 o nā māmala a hanau i ka ʻāina. Aia ma waena o lākou he mau lāhui ʻAsia, ʻEulopa a me Caucasian. ʻO ka Ciscaucasia kahi ʻāpana agrarian, kahi mea e paʻakikī ai ke ola no ka nui a hāʻawi i kahi pōmaikaʻi i nā ʻano liʻiliʻi o nā holoholona.
Wolf
ʻO kēia ka mea weliweli loa holoholona e noho nei i ka Teritori Stavropol... ʻO nā Predators e noho ana ma waena o nā Kai ʻEleʻele a me Caspian i kapa ʻia he subspecies kūʻokoʻa - ka ʻīlio hae Caucasian. Hoʻokomo ʻia ia i ka mea hoʻohālikelike olaola ma lalo o ka inoa Canis lupus cubanensis.
ʻAʻole ʻae like nā zoologists a pau me ka ʻike o kēia predators ma ke ʻano he ʻauhau kūʻokoʻa, manaʻo lākou he mau ʻāpana Eurasia. I kēlā me kēia hihia, ʻano like nā ʻīlio Caucasian a me Eurasian i ka hoʻonohonoho kaiaulu, morphology a me ka nohona.
Hiki i kahi ʻīlio hae kau ke kaupaona ma kahi o 90 kg. ʻO ka nui o ka holoholona a me ke ʻano hana o ka hoʻouka kaua e hiki ai ke hoʻouka i nā holoholona nui i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. ʻAʻole nānā ʻia nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, ʻo nā ʻiole a me nā rana kekahi. ʻAi ʻia ka ʻiʻo o nā holoholona make.
I ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi mea pio hiki i ka wahi, hiki i nā ʻīlio hae ke hele i kahi noho kanaka a me ka luku ʻana i nā holoholona. Ke hoʻomaka lākou e make nā holoholona mahiʻai o ka Teritori Stavropol hoʻonohonoho nā mahiʻai holoholona i ka pana ʻana o nā predators hina. ʻAʻole hiki i kahi mea ʻaihue i paʻa ʻia i ke kī a ka hunter ke ola i 12-15 mau makahiki.
Alopeke ʻulaʻula
Hiki ke loaʻa kēia predator ma nā kahalā Zoogeographic āpau o ka Hemolele ʻAkau. Ke hoʻololi nei i nā ʻano nohona ʻokoʻa, ua ulu aʻe ka ʻalopeke maʻamau i 40-50 mau ʻāpana ʻokoʻa. Loaʻa nā ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa āpau i nā kala a me ka nui. ʻO ke kaumaha o nā holoholona mai 4 a 8 kg, kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona i 10 kg.
Aia nā ʻāpana ʻelua ma ka Teritori Stavropol: ka North Caucasian a me ka fox steppe. Ua ʻokoʻa iki nā mea ʻelua mai kekahi a me nā subspecies nominative - ka ʻalopeke maʻamau. He loli ke kala i waena o nā mea kōkua a kau i ka nohona. I nā wahi nahele, ʻulaʻula ka momona i ke kala, i nā ʻāpana steppe - mae wale.
Nānā ʻole i ko lākou wahi e noho ai, nā rodent ka mea nui a ka ʻalopeke. I ka wā o ka hānai ʻana, ʻimi pinepine nā ʻalopeke i nā hares a me nā manu, a hoʻāʻo i nā moa. I loko o kahi ʻalopeke o nā ʻalopeke, he 3-5 mau keiki, a, me ka laki o ka laki, hiki ke ola iā 4-6 mau makahiki.
Steppe ferret
Mea ʻaihuna Nocturnal holoholona o ka Teritori Stavropol mai kaʻohana weasel. Hoʻopili pinepine ka lāpuni steppe me ka ferret ulu lāʻau ʻEulopa, e hopena ana i nā ʻano waena. He lauoho kiaʻi ākea kā nā holoholona, ʻike maka ʻia kahi undercoat mānoanoa mānoanoa ma ona lā, a ʻo ka hopena, ke māmā nei ke kala ākea o ka holoholona. ʻEʻeleʻele ka mask mask a me nā lālā.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kaumaha o ka steppe ferret ma mua o kona ʻaoʻao nahele pouli: ʻo kona kaumaha i 2 kg. ʻO ka papaʻai ka mea maʻamau no nā mea hānai liʻiliʻi: nā rodine murine, nā hua manu, nā mea kolo liʻiliʻi a me nā amphibians.
Momona ka Ferrets: aia paha ma kahi o 10 mau ʻīlio pēpē i loko o kahi ʻōpala. Ma lalo o nā kūlana anilā maikaʻi, i ka wā o ke kauwela-kauwela, ʻelua a ʻekolu paha manawa o nā ʻīlio wahine. ʻAʻole ola lōʻihi nā Ferrets - ma kahi o 3 mau makahiki.
Pahu marten
ʻO ka marten laha maʻamau ma Eurasia. Kūlike nā ʻāpana o martens: kahi kino elongated, palupalu, kahi huelo lōʻihi a me kahi waha, nā wāwae pōkole. Kaupaona kahi holoholona makua ma kahi o 1-1.5 kg. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o ke kino holoʻokoʻa ʻeleʻele hina, ʻeleʻele, aia kahi mālamalama ma ka ʻāʻī a me ka umauma.
ʻO ka pōhaku marten, ke ola nei i kona inoa, hiki ke hoʻokau ma nā wahi me ka lepo pōhaku. ʻAʻole ia e hōʻalo i nā ʻāpana steppe a me nā ululāʻau. Hana ʻia ma nā pali mauna a piʻi i 4000 m kiʻekiʻe. ʻAʻole makaʻu e hoʻokokoke i nā hale o nā kānaka. Koho pinepine ʻo ia i nā hale noho a haʻalele i nā hale holoholona.
ʻO nā martens pōhaku nā mea ʻaihue i ka pō. ʻAi lākou i nā mea āpau a lākou i hiki ai ke hopu, nā rodents, nā kolo, nā rana. Ke hoʻokū nei i nā pūnana. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻouka i nā moa. Aia kekahi mea ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka papaʻai o martens. Ma kahi o 20% nā meaʻai mea kanu: nā hua, nā hua.
Hoʻopau nā uniona male i ka hāʻule, ʻo nā hua i hōʻike wale ʻia i ka puna, ma hope o 8 mau mahina. Hānau ka wahine i 3-4 mau pēpē. ʻAʻole haʻalele ka poʻe ʻōpio i ko lākou mau makuahine a hiki i ka hoʻoilo. Ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kūʻokoʻa, ukali nā makahiki 3 o ke ola maha ʻole o kahi mea ʻino.
ʻO Gopher
ʻO ke koʻokoʻo liʻiliʻi no ka ʻohana squirrel. I ka Teritori Stavropol, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o ka gopher liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ka inoa ʻōnaehana subspecies: Spermophilus pygmaeus. ʻAʻole kaupaona kēia ʻano holoholona ma mua o 0.5 kg. ʻO nā kala, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka nohona, i nā kani honua a i ʻole nā melemele hina hina.
ʻIke nā squirrels honua i nā wahi pālahalaha, aia ma kahi o 700 m ma luna o ka ʻilikai. ʻAʻohe mea hoihoi i nā holoholona ʻōiwi a me nā kū mauʻu kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka wahi nui o ka noho ʻana, ʻo ia ka steppes, ulu nui ʻia me nā forb a me ka mauʻu hulu.
ʻO ke ʻano hoʻonohonoho he koloneial. ʻEli ʻo Gophers i nā lua a i 2 m hohonu a ʻehā m ka lōʻihi. Kūkulu kēlā me kēia holoholona i nā hale he nui. Hoʻolālā ke kolone ma kahi o nā lua o kēlā me kēia kanaka. Hiki i ka ʻāpana āpau o kahi ʻāpana rodent ke uhi i mau kilomika kilomika.
ʻO ka meaʻai nui o nā squirrels honua: nā ʻanoʻano, nā lūlū, nā wana a me nā aʻa o nā mea kanu. Hiki i nā inseka ke hoʻololi i ka papa kuhikuhi: nā ʻūhini, nā nalo, nā ʻenuhe. ʻO nā gophers ponoʻī kahi mea hoʻokipa no nā mea hulu a me nā kahu puaʻa ʻāina.
No ka hoʻoilo, hāʻule nā holoholona i loko o ka animation hoʻomaha. I ke ala ʻana, hoʻomaka ka ʻai ʻole ʻana i nā wana ʻōpio a hoʻomaka ke kau male. Ma kahi o hoʻokahi mahina ma hope, i ka waenakonu o Mei, ʻike ʻia he 5-7 cubs. I ka mālama ʻana e hōʻalo i nā mea ʻino a me nā maʻi, e ola lākou ma kahi o 3 mau makahiki.
Dia dia Pākehā
ʻO kahi herbivore waena waena mai ka ʻohana dia. Kaupaona nā dia Roe i ka 20-30 kg, ke kiʻekiʻe ma kahi maloʻo 65-80 knm. Liʻiliʻi nā pepeiaohao: loaʻa iā lākou nā hanana 2-3, ulu e 15-30 cm. I ka hopena o ke kau, ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā pepeiaohao. Me ka piʻi mau o ka mahana, i ka puna e hoʻomaka hou lākou e ulu. ʻO nā ʻōpio ʻōpio ʻōpio ʻole - pandas - waiwai ʻia i ka homeopathy a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau kuʻuna.
ʻOkoʻa iki ke kala ākea, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka nohona. Ua lanakila ke kani hina, ʻulaʻula, brown. ʻAno iki nā ʻokoʻa kāne a me nā kala. Maʻalahi ke ʻano o nā kāne e ke alo o nā pepeiaohao ma mua o ke kala.
Na ʻAukake, ua pau ke kūkulu ʻana o nā pepeiaohao, hoʻomaka ke kau moʻo, rut. Hoʻomaka nā kāne e male wahine me ka hakakā ʻole. I ka wā o ka rut, mālama lākou i ka momona i nā kānaka 5-6.
Hōʻike nā ʻōpala i Mei, hūnā nā camouflage coloration iā lākou mai nā mea ʻaihue i ka mauʻu ʻōpio. I loko o nā mahina mua o ke ola, ʻo ka hōʻole ke ala nui o ke ola. I ke kauwela, hoʻololi piha nā holoholona ʻōpio i ka nāhelehele ʻōmaʻomaʻo. I ka hopena o ka makahiki, lilo lākou i kūʻokoʻa, ʻike ʻole ʻia mai nā holoholona makua.
Noho ʻo Roe dia i ka hapa nui o ko lākou manawa e neʻe a puni ka wahi mahiʻai a ʻohi i ka mauʻu. ʻAʻole lākou e ʻai i nā greens maʻemaʻe, ʻohi wale i nā ʻāpana luna o nā mea kanu. Pau ka makua i 3-4 kg o ka mauʻu a me nā lau i kēlā me kēia lā. Noho ʻo Roe dia ma kahi o 12 mau makahiki. Lilo lākou i ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola i ke ʻohi ʻana a me ka nau ʻana i nā greens.
ʻO Sony
ʻO nā koʻokoʻo liʻiliʻi he 25 g, 15-17 cm ka lōʻihi. ʻO nā moe moe e hānai ana i ka honua e like me nāʻiole, e noho ana i nā kumulāʻau, e like me nā squirrels. Uhi ʻia nā rodents i ka huluhulu mānoanoa, palupalu a pōkole hoʻi. Loaʻa ka hapanui o nā laha i kahi huelo pubescent maikaʻi. Nui nā maka a me nā pepeiao. ʻAʻole ʻo Sonya nā holoholona maʻamau. I ka Teritori Stavropol, ʻāpana iki i nā ulu lāʻau deciduous, aia:
- ʻO Hazel dormouse.
- Ka pale a hale moe nui paha.
- Hale moe o ka nahele.
ʻAi ʻo Rodents i nā acorn, nā nati, nā pahu umauma. Me nā meaʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā ʻenuhe, nā slug, hiki ke ʻai ʻia nā nalo. Koho ʻo Sonya, koho lākou i nā hua pala. Makemake ʻo Rodents e ola i nā manawa paʻakikī i ka moeʻuhane.
ʻAʻole hiki kēia i ka hoʻoilo wale nō. Hiki iā Sonya ke hele i ka hibernation kauwela no kahi manawa pōkole - estivation. No ka hiamoe, koho lākou i nā lua o kekahi, nā lua, nā lumi o ke keʻena o haʻi. I kekahi manawa ʻākoakoa lākou i nā hui liʻiliʻi - hiamoe pū lākou.
I ka puna, ma hope o ke ala ʻana a me ka hoʻōla hou ʻana, hoʻomaka ke kau male. I ke kauwela, lawe mai nā hiamoe i 1-2 mau puaʻa. ʻO ka helu o nā hānau hou e pili ana i ka makahiki a me ka momona o ka makuahine: lawe mai nā wahine wahine ikaika i 8 mau pēpē kōkua ʻole. I ka hopena o ka makahiki, oʻo nā keiki, haʻalele i ka makua. Noho ʻo Sonya ma kahi o 3 mau makahiki.
Iole mole maʻamau
Fauna o ka Teritori Stavropol haʻaheo i kahi rodent lalo o ka honua - kahi iole mole. Ua piʻi ka nui i 800 g. Kūlike ke ʻano o ke kino i ke ʻano o ka nohona o ka honua: kahi kino cylindrical, nā lālā pōkole a me kahi poʻo pālahalaha. ʻAʻohe ka hihiʻo, akā mālama ʻia nā maka hoʻohaʻahaʻa a hūnā ʻia ma lalo o ka ʻili.
Kūkulu ka ʻiole makapō i nā lua - he ʻōnaehana nunui kēia o nā neʻe ʻana. ʻO ko lākou lōʻihi lōʻihi 400-500 ka m, a ʻokoʻa ka hohonu o lākou mai 25 knm a 2-2.5 m. ʻO nā mea kanu Forage kokoke loa i ka papa a lawelawe e kiʻi i nā aʻa o nā mea kanu. Mālama ʻia nā waihona i loko o nā pantry.
ʻO ka mea hana no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā tunnels ʻaʻole nā paws, akā ʻo nā niho nui ʻelua mua. ʻŪlū lākou i ka lepo, waiho i ka wahi hana me kā lākou mau wāwae, a ma hope e huli a puni ka ʻiole mole a pahu i ka honua i ʻeli ʻia i ka papa me kona poʻo. Kuhi ʻia kahi puʻu o ka honua i huki ʻia kokoke i ka puka o ka lua.
ʻAʻole hiamoe nā ʻiole mole i ka hoʻoilo, akā me kahi paʻi anuanu e emi ai kā lākou hana. Me ka hoʻomaka o ka puna, hiki mai ka manawa no ka hoʻoulu. Hānau ka wahine mole ʻiole wahine i 2 mau cubs, kahi e hoʻomaka ai ka lau e hoʻomoe a ʻeli i ko lākou mau hale ponoʻī. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke ola o nā ʻiole mole he ʻokoʻa ākea: mai 3 a 8 mau makahiki.
Pālolo
ʻO nā mea hānai holoholona wale nō e ʻimi holoholona nei i ka lani he ʻōpeʻapeʻa. Pākuʻi ka hui i nā opeapea hua a me nā opeapea. Noho nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa i nā ʻāina wela, nā holoholona mai ka suborder o nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa e noho ana ma Rūsia. Ma ka Teritori Stavropol aia:
- ʻO ka pō liʻiliʻi - kau kaupaona 15-20 g. Noho i nā hui i nā hollows, i nā attics, nā wahi niche. Noho ʻoi aku ma mua o 9 mau makahiki.
- Nocturnal ʻulaʻula - inoa ʻulaʻula no ke kala o ka hulu. ʻO ke koena e like me ka pāʻina ahiahi liʻiliʻi. Noho ia i nā hui o 20-40 mau kānaka.
- ʻO ka pilikua pō nui ka ʻōpeʻapeʻa nui loa e noho ana ma Rūsia. Hiki i ke kaupaona 75 g. 0,5 ka eheu o ka eheu. ʻAi ʻo ia i nā mea kolo, akā i ka wā o ka neʻe ʻana ua hopu ʻo ia i nā manu liʻiliʻi: warblers, passerines ʻē aʻe.
- Pāʻau wai - noho ma kahi o nā kino wai. Kaupaona 8-12 g. Noho no ka manawa lōʻihi - ma ka liʻiliʻi 20 mau makahiki.
- ʻO ka ʻōpeʻapeʻa hihi kahi ʻiole 10-gram e ʻimi holoholona kokoke ana i ka wai.
- ʻO Ushan ka mea maʻamau a ʻeleʻele paha. Loaʻa iā ia kona inoa mai kāna auricle nui nui.
- ʻO Dwarf bat - makemake e noho i nā kūlanakauhale. Me ka awelika o ke ola o 5 mau makahiki, noho kekahi mau kānaka no 15 a ʻoi paha mau kau.
- ʻO ka peʻa nahele - noho i nā ulu lāʻau wehe, noho i nā lua, koho i kekahi manawa i nā attics o nā hale suburban.
- ʻIli ʻelua-leo - kapa ʻia ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa o ke kala o nā ʻāpana o ke kino: hina-keʻokeʻo ka lalo, ʻeleʻele ka luna. I nā wahi Agrarian noho ʻo ia i nā ululāʻau māmā, i nā wahi ʻoihana - i nā attics o nā hale.
- ʻIliuli - hibernates ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa ʻē aʻe: mai Kepakemapa-ʻOkakopa i ka hopena o ʻApelila. Ke ola nei no kahi manawa lōʻihi, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia kēlā me kēia kanaka i ola no 19 mau makahiki.
Hoʻohana nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa Lūkini āpau i ka echolocation no ka lele hilinaʻi ʻana i ka pō a me ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai: ka hiki ke hoʻokuʻu a hopu i nā nalu ʻoi loa i ʻike ʻia mai nā mea. Hoʻohui, ʻo kahi waiwai maʻamau ke kūpaʻa i ka hibernation - hibernation.
Nā Manu o Stavropol
Ma nā kiʻi o nā holoholona o ka Teritori Stavropol ʻike pinepine ʻia nā manu. ʻAe ʻia nā ʻano anilā he 220 mau ʻano manu e pūnana, e noho no ka hoʻoilo, ʻo ia hoʻi, e ola i ka makahiki holoʻokoʻa, 173 mau ʻano. ʻO kekahi ʻano nui o nā laha e hele i ka lihi, a kū i kahi hoʻomaha i ka neʻe ʻana o ka wā.
ʻO Goshawk
ʻO ka lāhui nui loa o ka ʻohana hawk. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia i nā panalāʻau āpau o ka Hemoleka ʻAkau i loko o nā palena o nā ululāʻau deciduous a kāwili ʻia. Huhū a ʻūnana ʻo ia i nā wahi mahiʻai a ma kahi kokoke i nā kūlanakauhale nui.
Kaupaona nā kāne a 1 kg, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine, kaupaona ʻia 1.5 kg a ʻoi paha. Hinahina ka plumage me nā ʻōwili ʻokoʻa i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ke kino, ʻeleʻele i ka ʻaoʻao luna. Ma luna o nā maka nā ʻāpana māmā o nā hawk āpau.
Teritori ka holoholona. Ma kāna pūnaewele e alualu ana i nā mea hānai liʻiliʻi, nā manu, nā mea kolo. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻouka i ka mea pio e like me kona kaupaona. I nā wahi suburban, lilo nā ʻaka, nā manu nūnū, a me nā koʻokoʻo i ka waiwai pio nui.
Kūkulu ʻia ka pūnana ma luna o kahi kumulāʻau koʻikoʻi me ka nānā o nā wahi a puni. Hoʻomoe ka wahine i nā hua manu ʻelua 2-4. Hoʻokū ʻia ka hoʻouluulu ʻana i hoʻokahi mahina. Noho kahi wahine ma ka pūnana, hānai nā mākua ʻelua i nā moa. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā moa i nā mākau lele i 45 mau lā, lilo i kūʻokoʻa i ka makahiki o ʻekolu mau mahina.
ʻOrkshuli
Aia he ʻelua ʻano lūlū ma ka Teritori Stavropol:
- ke kikonia keʻokeʻo - i loko o kēia manu ʻeleʻele wale nō nā wēlau o nā ʻeheu, keʻokeʻo waiū ke koena o ke kino;
- ʻūhā ʻeleʻele - keʻokeʻo ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻōpū o ke kino o ka ʻaka, ʻeleʻele ke koena o ka uhi.
Ma waho aʻe o ke kala, ʻano ʻokoʻa nā manu i nā pūnaewele pūnana. ʻO nā hina keʻokeʻo i ka noho ʻana o ke kanaka. ʻEleʻele, ma ka mea ʻē aʻe, kūkulu i nā pūnana i nā wahi hiki ʻole ke kiʻi ʻia. ʻO ke koena o nā hana a nā manu e like.
I ka puna, ma hope o ka hōʻea ʻana, hana ʻia nā hoʻoponopono a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka pūnana. A laila kau ka wahine i 2-5 mau hua. Ma hope o 33 mau lā, ʻike ʻia nā stork. Ma hope o 50-55 mau lā o ka hānai nui ʻana, hoʻomaka nā keiki moa e hoʻāʻo i ko lākou mau ʻeheu. Ma hope o 70 mau lā, hiki iā lākou ke kū i kahi lele i ʻApelika a i ʻole ʻAsia Hema.
ʻO ka wili wili a i ʻole ka ʻoni iki
ʻO ka manu liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻohana herona. He 130-150 g ke kaumaha. Ua like ka nui o nā kāne a me nā wahine i ka nui, akā ʻokoʻa ke kala. He kua i ke kāne a me ka ʻāʻī kala, a me kahi ʻōpū ocher me nā ʻō keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, kahi pāpale ʻeleʻele me nā tints ʻōmaʻomaʻo. I nā wahine, ʻeleʻele ke kua me nā kī keʻokeʻo, melemele ka nuku.
I ka puna, ʻikea ka ʻawaʻawa ma nā kapa wai nui loa. I ka mua o Iune, kūkulu ʻia kahi pūnana, kahi e waiho ai nā hua he 5-7. Lawe ʻia ka incubation ma kahi ʻano ʻē aʻe. Ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina, neʻe nā mākua i ka hānai ʻana i nā moa puaʻa. I hoʻokahi mahina ma hope mai, hoʻāʻo nā manu ʻōpio i ko lākou lima i ka lele ʻana.
E inu i ke kumu o ka meaʻai: nā iʻa liʻiliʻi, nā rana, nā ʻenuhe. ʻO nā wahi hānai a me nā wahi moe no nā manu aia ma ka Stavropol Teritori, ma nā kahawai a me nā kahawai wai i ulu. I Kepakemapa-ʻOkakopa, lele nā bitters me kā lākou ʻōpio o ka makahiki i ʻApelika Hema.
Pheasant maʻamau
He manu nani o ka ʻohana moa. ʻAʻole ia i ʻoi aku i ka moa home i ke kaupaona a me ka nui. Nā ʻĀpana Caucasian ʻĀkau o pheasants - holoholona o ka puke ʻulaʻula o ka Teritori Stavropol... I nā mālama, hānai ʻia kēia manu. Mai nā wahi pale, hoʻohuli ʻia nā hanauna hou o nā pheasants i nā wahi o ka noho manuahi.
Makemake nā Pheasants e noho kokoke i ka wai, i nā ulu lāʻau o nā nāhelehele a me nā ʻohe. I ke kakahiaka nui, kūkulu nā manu i nā pūnana lepo. ʻO ka lālau, ke kaukaʻi ʻia i ke aniau a me nā kūlana hānai, loaʻa nā palena iki he 8, ʻoi aku 20 mau hua. ʻO nā mālama āpau no nā keiki - ka hoʻouluulu ʻana, ka ukali a me ka pale ʻana - hāʻule ma ka hen.
Aia nā Pheasants i ʻekolu mau mokuʻāina. Noho manuahi lākou, mahele liʻiliʻi ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia. I kahi moku'āina manuahi, aia lākou i nā wahi i pale ʻia, i nā pāka a me nā waiwai pilikino. ʻO ke kolu, piha ʻole ka mokuʻāina e mālama nei i nā mahiʻai a me nā pā hale i nā hale moa a me nā hale manu.
Pueo pueo
He manu lele, no ka genus o ka pueo, ka ʻohana pueo. Kūwaʻa ka manu i ka nui. Hiki i nā ʻeheu ke hāmama e 60 knm. ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ke kaupaona ma mua o 180 g. ʻEleʻele ke kua, māmā ka ʻōpū, ma luna o nā maka he kuʻemaka keʻokeʻo, hōʻike maikaʻi ʻole ʻia ka pāhaʻi maka. ʻO ka uhi āpau i nā kaha kukui.
Alakaʻi ka pueo i kahi ola hūnā. Noho ʻo ia i loko o nā attics, i nā hale i haʻalele ʻia; i nā kūlana kūlanakauhale, noho nā puha o nā lāʻau kūka. Alualu lākou i ka lā a i ke ahiahi. Hopu iā ia i nā koʻokoʻo e like me ka iole, nā keiki holo ʻē aʻe, nā kolo. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻouka i kahi pōpoki e hoʻāʻo nei e komo i kāna pūnana.
Hoʻomaka ka pueaka i ka hānau ma ʻApelila-Mei. Hana ka wahine i kahi paʻa o 5 mau hua keʻokeʻo. Ma hope o hoʻokahi mahina, pau ka hoʻouluulu ʻana. Haʻalele nā pueo ʻōpio i ka pūnana i Iulai a lele hope loa i ʻAukake. ʻO ka pueo liʻiliʻi kekahi o nā manu a nā kiaʻi manu ʻāmaka e mālama pinepine ai ma ka home. I ke pio ʻana, hiki i kahi manu ke noho ma mua o 15 mau makahiki.
Nā mea kolo o ka Teritori Stavropol
ʻO ka papa holoʻokoʻa o nā mea kolo, aia kekahi mau ʻano o nā kuhukukū, nā moʻo a me nā moʻo i loaʻa i ka Teritori Stavropol. ʻO ke aniau a me ka ʻāina ma waena o ka Moana ʻEleʻele a me Caspian ka mea maikaʻi no ko lākou ola.
Viper
Loaʻa nā moʻo ʻawahia a me nā mea ʻawa ʻole i ka Teritori Stavropol. ʻO ka mea maʻamau i waena o nā mea make he moonihoawa. Hiki ke loaʻa me ka manaʻo ʻole ʻia i nā wahi like ʻole, e like me nā pāka kūlanakauhale a i ʻole nā māla mea kanu kaiāulu. Kūleʻa weliweli nā moʻo a pau no nā kānaka, pono e nīnau i ke kauka ma hope o ka nahu ʻia ʻana. Mawaena o na moonihoawa, ka mea maʻamau:
- He mea kolo ka viper maʻamau ma mua o 0.7 m ka lōʻihi. Makemake i nā hiʻona anuanu. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kala ākea: mai ka melemele-ʻeleʻele i ka brick. ʻO ka zigzag ʻokoʻa e holo pinepine i ke kino. ʻAʻohe mea maʻamau nā vipers ʻeleʻele piha - melanists.
- ʻO ka viper steppe kahi nahesa hapa-mika e noho ana ma nā pāpū, i nā steppe ma nā pali mauna maloʻo. Hinahina ke kala o ka nahesa. Pena ʻia ka luna i nā leo ʻeleʻele ma mua o ka ʻaoʻao ventral o ke kino. Holo kahi kumu zigzag ma hope.
- He nahesa liʻiliʻi ʻo Dinnik's viper i loaʻa wale i ka Ciscaucasia a me ka Caucasus Nui. ʻO ka luna o ke kala melemele a i ʻole hina-ʻōmaʻomaʻo a i ʻole brown. ʻO kahi kaha zigzag, e like me ka hapanui o nā moonihoawa, hoʻonani i ka hope.
Hoʻomaka ka wā moʻo no nā moonihoawa i ka puna. Hoʻopili ʻia nā hua i loko o ka ʻōpū a hiki i ke ʻano o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā keiki. Hōʻike nā pahu i ka hopena o ke kauwela. Loaʻa i ka brood nā moʻo liʻiliʻi he 5-8. Hoʻomaka koke lākou e alakaʻi i kahi ola kūʻokoʻa, kūʻokoʻa. Ma ka hoʻoilo, nā moʻo, pinepine i nā hui, e ʻike i kahi puʻuhonua kūpono, kahi a lākou e hele ai i ka hoʻoilo i hoʻomaha ʻia ka hoʻoilo.
ʻO Jellus
I nā hoʻolaha e hāʻawi nei e kūʻai i nā holoholona i ka Stavropol Teritori ke alakaʻi. Ma waho aʻe o ka mahiʻai maʻamau a me nā mea hānai home a me nā manu, hāʻawi ʻia kahi mea kolo - he moʻo, e like me ka nahesa.
Hiki i ka slider melemele ke ulu a 1.5 m, ʻoiai ke nalo ʻole nā lālā mua, aia wale nō nā ʻōuli i ke ʻano o nā tubercles mai nā mea hope. ʻO ka moʻo he ʻoliva me ka ʻole o nā kumu.
I ke kūlohelohe, no ka hoʻoilo, hele ka nū melemele i ka hibernation. Me ka hoʻomaka o ka puna, hoʻomehana nā moʻo, hoʻomaka ke kau moʻo. I Mei-Iune, hoʻomoe ʻia nā hua he 6-10, i kāpīpī ʻia me kahi substrate. Mālama ka wahine i ka lālau no ʻelua mau mahina a hiki i ka puka ʻana o kahi hanauna jaundice hou.
Aia ka Stavropol fauna ma lalo o ka pilikia koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi. E hoʻokūpaʻa i ke kūlana, ua hana ʻia he 44 mau mālama. Aia ma waena o lākou nā ʻoihana o ka zooological, botanical a me hydrological orientation. ʻAe kēia iā mākou e manaʻolana no ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano laha o ka Teritori Stavropol.
