I loko o ka ʻohana starling aia kekahi ʻano kūikawā o nā mea ola nui - kahunapule... ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike iki i hoʻokahi manu, mālama lākou i nā pūʻulu a i ʻole he mau haneli mau kānaka. I ka lele ʻana, ua like lākou me ke ao ʻākala ʻokoʻa. ʻOiai he pili pili loa nā manu o nā starling maʻamau, ʻokoʻa lākou i ko lākou ʻano kūikawā a me ka nohona.
Hōʻike a me nā hiʻohiʻona
Hōʻike ka inoa o ka manu i ka hiʻohiʻona nui - ke kala ʻulaʻula pastel o ka plumage o ka umauma, ʻōpū, ʻaoʻao, kua. ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻokoʻa a me ka sheen metallic uhi ke poʻo, ka ʻāʻī holoʻokoʻa, ka umauma luna, nā ʻēheu, ka huelo o ka starling.
Hōʻike kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo poni ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ka lele a me nā hulu o ka huelo. Ma hope o ka molting i ka hāʻule, ʻike ʻia kahi kala hina i ke kala o nā manu i ka ʻeleʻele, one ma ka poni. Hoʻohālikelike ke ʻano o ka plumage i kahi moa, aia wale nō kahi hoʻolālā ʻeleʻele a me ka hina hina.
ʻO Starling ʻālohilohi i ka kiʻi me he mea lā he kolohe. Ma ke kua o ke poʻo, nā hulu elongated i kahi crest hoʻomākeʻaka, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i ke kāne. Pōkole ka huelo. ʻO ka nuku o kahi ʻāpana ʻulaʻula o nā congeners ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa a me ka pōkole ma mua o kahi ʻano maʻamau.
Hoʻololi kona kala mai ka poni hohonu i ka hoʻoilo a me ka puna i ka ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele i ke kauwela a me ke kau. Kuhikuhi ke kinona o ka nuku. ʻOi aku ka mālamalama o ka helehelena o nā kāne ma mua o ka wahine. ʻAʻole alohilohi nā manu ʻōpio me nā kala - hina ka plumage i ka hina-brown ma luna, one - ma lalo.
ʻO ka nui o nā manu makua e like me nā starling ʻē aʻe - 19-25 knm ke kino, a ʻo ka ʻūheu aia ma kahi o 14 knm, ʻo ke kaupaona o ke kanaka a hiki i 90 gram.
Ua ʻike ʻia kēlā manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka starling pink ka manu ākea no na hipa nunui. Hoʻokumu nā kaiāulu nui i nā kolone nui. I ke kauwela, neʻe a hānai nā haneli he haneli i nā hipa nui, e hiamoe ana i nā hui ʻokoʻa.
I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻokomo nā kaiāulu i nā kaukani mau kānaka, i kekahi manawa e hui pū me nā manu ʻē aʻe: nā ʻalalā, nā manu liʻiliʻi, nā ʻāʻī lei. ʻAʻohe huhū ma waena o lākou.
I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā starling maʻamau, ʻeleu loa nā manu ʻalani a uhi i kahi mamao loa, hoʻi i ko lākou mau wahi ma mua. I ka lele ʻana, mahalo i ka lele pinepine ʻana o nā ʻeheu, hoʻomohala lākou i ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe.
I nā ʻano, like ʻohana o nā starling poni, holo me kahi poʻo kunou, hoʻopuehu i ka honua, i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai.
Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka ʻimi manu. ʻO ke ao manu, me he mea lā i ke kūlana, neʻe i hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao, e kāʻili ana i ka mea pio mai ka mauʻu kū: nā ʻūhini a me nā ʻūhini. ʻO ka mamao ma waena o nā manu ma kahi o 10 cm. Ua lawa ka meaʻai no nā mea āpau, me nā keiki ʻōpio. ʻO nā hui aloha, me he mea lā ma ke kauoha, neʻe i kahi hou.
Nā ʻano
ʻO ka genus o nā starling he ʻoi aku ma mua o 10 mau ʻano manu me nā ʻano like. ʻO ka starling poni kekahi o lākou. I kekahi manawa huikau ia me kahi genus pili o ka ʻohana Brahminic, ka mea i ʻike ʻia e kahi kala ʻeleʻele lahilahi me kahi ʻulaʻula, nā ʻāpana o ka ʻili me ka hulu ʻole ma hope o nā maka a me nā ʻēheu ʻoi aʻe.
Ua like nā ʻano ʻelua i ke ʻano o ke ola, akā ʻike pinepine ʻia ka ʻohana Brahminian i ka nohona kanaka.
Ka nohona a me ka nohona
Pihi wili manu Kaulana ia ma Asia Waena, ma ka hikina hema o ʻEulopa. Ma Rūsia, loaʻa nā manu ma ka akau o Siberia, ka Caucasus, a me ka Crimea. Lawe ʻia ka hoʻoilo i ka hema o ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika ʻĀkau a i ʻole India.
Hoʻi ka manu i ka mua o ka pūnāwai, ke mau nei ka hau i kekahi mau wahi, akā hoʻomaka ka wā male i ka hopena o ʻApelila, ke ulu nei nā pīpī i nā manu punawai ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻolālā nā starling pink i kā lākou manawa punana ma steppe, semi-steppe zones, nā wao akua o Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran. Hiki ke hoʻololi i ka pae ma muli o nā hoʻololi o ke kau a me ka loaʻa o kahi waihona meaʻai lawa. Ma laila, kahi e noho ai ka ʻōniʻoniʻo ʻākala, pono nā pali, nā pōhaku, nā pali kūpikipiki o nā kino wai.
Pono nā kolone manu i nā niches pali. Hoʻomoʻa lākou i nā pūnana ma lalo o nā hale o nā hale, i nā māwae o nā pōhaku, nā māwae i nā paia, hiki iā lākou ke noho i ka lua o ka ʻeneki a noho paha i loko o ka hale manu. ʻO kahi prerequisite no ka pūnana ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wai ma kahi kokoke. Mākaukau nā manu e lele no ka meaʻai i loko o kahi radius a i 10 km.
Pono nā kolone manu e noho i kahi nui o ka meaʻai, i makemake ʻia e nā starling mākua a me nā keiki ʻōpio. ʻO ka wā i makemake nui ʻia ʻo ka waenakonu o ke kauwela, ke nui ka lako o ka meaʻai, mai ka ulu ʻana o nā larva insect i ke kahua o ka makua.
ʻO ka lele o nā starling wikiwiki loa. Pili mau nā manu i kekahi i kekahi, no laila mai kahi mamao ʻike ʻia lākou e like me ke ao ʻeleʻele. Ma ka honua, neʻe wikiwiki lākou, akā mai haʻalele i ka ʻohana.
Kaulana nā kālena noʻeau o nā starling. ʻO ka hiki ke kope i nā leo o nā manu ʻē aʻe, nā holoholona, nā ʻāwī, ke kani nei nā pepeiaohao kaʻa ma kona ʻano like ʻole. Inā ʻūlū mai kahi rana, a me kahi moa a kahi keiki e lohe ʻia ana i kahi pua o nā starling, ʻo ia hoʻi ua kipa aku nā manu i kahi noho o kekahi kanaka a i lohi paha ma kahi o kahi waihona wai me nā kamaʻāina kūloko.
ʻIke ʻia nā hihia i ka hoʻi ʻana mai o nā starling migratory mai kā lākou wahi hoʻoilo a "kamaʻilio" me nā leo o nā manu pāhuna. ʻIke nā mea nānā manu i ka leo o ka starling ponoʻī e like me ka wili ʻana, ʻūlū ʻana, a me ke kani, ʻaʻohe mele i kāna mele ʻana.
E hoʻolohe i ka leo o ka starling ʻākala
Ma laila, ma hea e noho ai nā ʻōniʻoniʻo ʻākala, pono e loaʻa kahi pūpū o nā mea kolo, a i ʻole inā ʻaʻole e hānai nā pua nui o nā manu. Koi aku nā kolone nui i kahi kahua meaʻai maikaʻi, akā i ka weliweli hana pū lākou: ʻuā lākou me ka leo nui, pūʻali koa.
I ke ola o ke kanaka, kōkua nā ʻohana o nā starling e luku i nā pest pest. ʻO ka hōʻea ʻana o ka manu i ka manu e hauʻoli ai ka poʻe, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mehana a me ka hoʻōla hou ʻana i ke kūlohelohe. Akā ke komo ʻana o nā manu i ka ʻohi palaoa, nā hua o nā hua a me nā hua e alakaʻi i ka hōʻino ʻia o nā māla a me nā māla.
Meaʻai kūpono
ʻO nā wīwī ʻulaʻula he omnivorous: ʻo ka papaʻai nā mea kanu a me nā meaʻai o nā holoholona. ʻO Orthoptera, ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻūhini ka predilection nui no nā manu. I nā wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā ʻūhini, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka starling pink kekahi o nā manu kūpono loa.
ʻO ka papaʻai i ka wā o ka pūnana ʻana he mau meaola holoholona: e pule ana i nā mantise, nā ants, cicadas, woodlice, nā ʻenuhe. Hōʻiliʻili nā manu i nā mea pio ma ka honua, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi i ka lewa. He mea hoihoi ia i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻohana ma ka pāpū, lele nā hui hele wāwae ma mua o nā mea mua.
No laila, neʻe mua nā starling i mua, ʻaʻole e nalo ana i ka mea pio ma ke ala. ʻAʻole hiki ke hakakā no ka meaʻai. Ma ka ʻokoʻa, ʻo nā starling, ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana i nā pio, e hōʻailona i ke koena.
Ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka wā pūnana, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hua pala, nā huaʻai, a me nā palaʻai i ka papaʻai. Makemake nā Starling e ʻahaʻaina i nā fiku, nā huaʻalaki, nā hua waina, a inu i ka wai nectar pua. Ma India, hōʻino nā manu i nā māla laiki, a ma Caucasus, nā māla waina.
ʻO nā mea kūikawā o ka papaʻai e hoʻokuʻi i nā manu i nā huakaʻi lōʻihi. Paukūʻai ʻaʻano Puni nakinaki ʻia i ka loulou nui - ka ʻūhini. ʻAʻole i hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻeneto i kahi ola mehameha. Holo ka nui lehulehu i nā wikiwiki - a i 40 km / h. I ka alualu ʻana, lilo i nā starling auwana i ko lākou makemake.
ʻO kahi keu o nā ʻūhini e alakaʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma hope o ka saturation ʻaʻole ʻai nā manu i ka ʻelala, akā ʻoʻopa, haehae iā ia, a pepehi. Hoʻokahi starling i kēlā me kēia lā e koi ana i 200 g o ka hānai. Akā ʻo ke kuko o ka mea hahai holoholona ke hoʻohuli i ka alualu, ʻaʻole mālama i ka manu i pili i kona mau home. I Tureke, manaʻoʻiʻo ʻia ʻo ka manu ka ʻai o ka ʻūhini hoʻokahi haneli hoʻokahi wale nō, a he 99 mau mea i luku ʻia.
ʻO ka momona o nā manu ke alakaʻi i ka nīnau, pono ia e mālama i ka helu o nā starling ʻalani... Ua hōʻike ʻia nā helu ʻana lawe mai lākou i nā keu pono aʻe ma mua o ka hōʻino. He mea nui nā manu, ma mua o ke kanaka, e hoʻoholo i ka hoʻokokoke ʻana o nā ʻūhini, pale aku i kāna hoʻouka kaua weliweli. ʻO ka ʻino mai nā starling e ʻai nei i nā hua o ke kauwela ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hoʻopili ka manawa hānau o nā starling poni i ka nui o nā ʻūhini, kaukaʻi ʻia i nā kūlana kau. Hoʻomaka nā kolone manu i ka pūnana ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o nā larva insect i ka waena o ke kauwela.
Koho nā starling pink i nā wahi pūnana ma nā ʻāpana o nā pōhaku, nā māwae ma nā pali kūlia, i nā pali o nā pali. I nā ʻāpana steppe, hiki ke loaʻa nā pūnana i nā kaumaha ma ka honua. I ke kūkulu ʻana, hoʻohana nā manu i nā kumu lāʻau maloʻo maloʻo, lau, hulu, mauʻu.
Mai kahi mamao aku, hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā hanana kūpilikiʻi me nā pola nunui. Kokoke loa nā pūnana, kokoke i ka pā. Mai kahi mamao aku, ʻo ia mau papahele o nā hale ke ʻano he mauna ʻōpala nui ia.
ʻO ka hana brooding he 15 mau lā. Komo nā mākua huluhulu ʻelua. ʻO nā hua ʻōniʻoniʻo o nā starling poni, 4-7 ʻāpana, ʻike ʻia i Mei. Lilo nā keiki puaʻa i waiwai mau o nā manu makua.
I ka huikau a me ka haki, loaʻa ka meaʻai i nā kānaka wikiwiki loa o nā keiki āpau. Noho mau i ka pūnana makua ma kahi o 24 mau lā, a laila hoʻomaka ka ʻōpio ʻōpio a me kahi ola nomadic kūʻokoʻa.
ʻO ke ola o nā starling poni i ke ʻano kū mau i 10 mau makahiki. Hiki i nā Pets, me ka mālama maikaʻi, ke hoʻohauʻoli i nā mea nona nā manawa ʻelua i ka lōʻihi. Makemake nui ʻia nā manu no ko lākou ʻano leʻaleʻa, kahi tālena no ka hoʻohālike ʻana, kahi e hana ai i kahi lewa kūikawā i kēlā me kēia home.
