ʻŌmaʻomaʻo Euglena pili i nā meaola maʻalahi, loaʻa i hoʻokahi cell. Pili i ka papa o nā flagellates o ke ʻano o nā puʻupuʻu sarcoccus. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā manaʻo o ka poʻe ʻepekema nona ke aupuni. Manaʻo kekahi he holoholona kēia, ʻoiai kekahi e hoʻokau i ka euglena i ka limu, ʻo ia hoʻi, i nā mea kanu.
No ke aha he ʻōmaʻomaʻo euglena kapa ʻia he ʻōmaʻomaʻo? He maʻalahi ia: Ua loaʻa iā Euglena kona inoa no kona helehelena maikaʻi. E like me kāu e kuhi ai i kēia manawa, he ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo o kēia meaola i ka chlorophyll.
Nā hiʻohiʻona, ke kūkulu a me ka nohona
ʻŌmaʻomaʻo ʻo Euglena, ke kūkulu nei he mea paʻakikī loa ia no kahi microorganism, ʻike ʻia ia e kahi kino elongated a me kahi hapalua kuaʻoi hope. Liʻiliʻi nā ana o ka mea maʻalahi: ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka mea maʻalahi ʻaʻole ma mua o 60 micrometers, a ʻaʻole hiki ka laulā i ka māka o 18 a ʻoi paha micrometers.
No laila, hiki ke ʻike wale ʻia ia ma lalo o kahi microscope, aia ma ka hale kūʻai ʻo Micromed S-11. ʻO ka mea maʻalahi he kino neʻe i hiki ke hoʻololi i kona kinona. Inā pono, hiki i ka microorganism ke ʻaelike a i ʻole, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hoʻonui.
Ma luna aʻe, uhi ʻia ka protozoan me ka pellicle i kapa ʻia, kahi e pale ai i ke kino mai nā mana kūwaho. Ma ke alo o ka microorganism aia kahi hoʻokūkū e kōkua iā ia e neʻe, a me kahi wahi maka.
ʻAʻole hoʻohana nā euglens āpau i kahi hoʻokūkū no ka neʻe. ʻO ka hapa nui o lākou e ʻaelike e hele i mua. ʻO nā filament protein ma lalo o ka pūpū o ke kino e kōkua i ke kino e ʻaelike a laila neʻe.
Hāʻawi ʻia ke kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ke kino e chromatophores, e ʻāpana i ka photosynthesis, e hana ana i nā huaʻaleʻale. I kekahi manawa, ke hana nā chromatophores i kahi nui o nā haʻalako, hiki i ke kino o euglena ke lilo i keʻokeʻo.
Kāmaʻa Infusoria a me ʻōmaʻomaʻo euglena hoʻohālikelike pinepine ʻia i loko o nā pōpoki ʻepekema, eia nō naʻe, pili iki kā lākou. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻai ʻo euglena i nā auto- a me nā heterotrophically, ʻoi aku ka makemake o ka kāmaʻa ciliate i kahi ʻano ʻokanika pono o ka meaʻai.
ʻO ke ola maʻalahi loa i ka wai i hoʻohaumia ʻia (e laʻa me nā kahawai). I kekahi manawa hiki ke loaʻa i loko o nā waihona wai maʻemaʻe me ka wai piha a paʻakai paha. ʻŌmaʻomaʻo Euglena, infusoria, amoeba - hiki ke loaʻa kēia mau microorganism āpau i nā wahi āpau o ka Honua.
Ke ʻano a me ka nohona o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo euglena
Hoʻoikaika mau ʻo Euglena e neʻe i nā wahi mālamalama o ka waihona wai. E hoʻoholo i ke kumu o ka mālamalama, mālama ʻo ia i kāna arsenal i kahi "peephole" kūikawā aia ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻāʻī. Pilikia loa ka maka i ka malamalama a hana i nā hoʻololi iki i loko.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana o ka ʻimi ʻana i ke kukui i kapa ʻia he phototaxis maikaʻi. E hoʻokō i ke kaʻina hana o osmoregulation, euglena i kūikawā kuikawa vakuola.
Mahalo i ka vakuole contractile, hoʻolei ʻo ia i nā mea pono ʻole āpau i loko o kona kino, ʻo ka nui o ka wai a i ʻole nā hōʻiliʻili hōʻino. Kapa ʻia ka vakuole contractile no ka mea i ka wā o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka ʻōpala e hoʻoliʻiliʻi nui ia, kōkua a hōʻeleu i ke kaʻina.
E like me ka nui o nā microorganism ʻē aʻe, he hoʻokahi kōlolo haploid ko ka euglena, ʻo ia, hoʻokahi wale nō ana nā chromosome. Ma waho o nā chloroplasts, loaʻa pū i kāna cytoplasm ka paramil, kahi protein mālama.
Ma waho aʻe o nā organelles i helu ʻia, loaʻa i ka protozoan kahi pūliki a me ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā mea momona inā pono e hele ka protzoan me ka ʻai ʻole no kekahi manawa. ʻO ka hanu maʻalahi loa, ka omo ʻana i ka oxygen ma loko o ka ʻili o kona kino.
Hiki i ka mea maʻalahi ke hoʻopili i kekahi, ʻo nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole o ke kaiapuni. Inā hoʻomaka ka wai i loko o ka waihona i ka hau a i ʻole hoʻomaloʻo wale ʻia ka waihona, hoʻopau ka microorganism i ka hānai ʻana a me ka neʻe ʻana. ʻano ʻōmaʻomaʻo euglena lawe i kahi helehelena ʻoi aku ka pōʻai, a hoʻopuni ʻia ke kino i kahi pūpū kūikawā e pale iā ia mai nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ke kaiapuni, ʻoiai e nalo ka hae o ka mea maʻalahi loa.
I ka mokuʻāina ʻo "cyst" (ʻo kēia ke ʻano o ke kāhea ʻia ʻana o kēia wā i ka protozoa), hiki i ka euglena ke hoʻolōʻihi i kahi manawa lōʻihi a hiki i ka wā e kūpaʻa ai ka nohona kūwaho a lilo i mea maikaʻi.
Mea ʻai ʻōmaʻomaʻo Euglena
Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo euglena e hana i ke kino me ka auto- a me ka heterotrophic. ʻAi ʻo ia i nā mea āpau i hiki iā ia, no laila euglena ʻōmaʻomaʻo i ʻelua i nā limu a i nā holoholona.
ʻO ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ma waena o nā botanists a me nā zoologists ʻaʻole i hiki i kahi hopena kūpono. Manaʻo ka mea mua iā ia he holoholona a hāʻawi iā ia i ka subtype o nā mea lawe ʻāpana sarcum, ʻoiai nā huaʻōlelo botanists e hoʻohālikelike iā ia me he mea kanu.
I ka mālamalama, loaʻa i ka microorganism nā meaola me ke kōkua o chromatoforms, ʻo ia hoʻi paʻi kiʻi iā lākou i ke ʻano e like me ka mea kanu. ʻO ka mea maʻalahi me ka maka ke nānā mau nei i kahi kumu kukui uila. Hoʻololi ʻia nā kukuna māmā i meaʻai nāna ma o ka photosynthesis. ʻOiai, he lako liʻiliʻi kā ka euglena, e like me paramilon a me leucosine.
Me ka hemahema o ke kukui, koi ʻia ka mea maʻalahi e hoʻololi i kahi ala ʻē aʻe o ka hānai ʻana. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke ala mua no ka microorganism. ʻO Protozoa i hoʻolōʻihi i kahi manawa lōʻihi i ka pōʻeleʻele, ma muli o ka nalowale o kā lākou chlorophyll, e hoʻololi i kahi kumu ʻē aʻe o nā meaola.
Ma muli o ka nalo loa ʻana o ka chlorophyll, nalowale ka microorganism i kona ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a lilo i keʻokeʻo. Me kahi ʻano heterotrophic o ka meaʻai, hana ka protozoan i ka meaʻai e hoʻohana ana i nā holo.
ʻO ka lepo o ka loko wai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka meaʻai, a ʻo kēia ke kumu o ka makemake o nā euglena i nā wahi lepo a mālama ʻole ʻia. ʻŌmaʻomaʻo Euglena, meaʻai i like loa me ka meaʻai o ka amoebas, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ma mua o kēia mau microorganism maʻalahi.
Aia nā euglens, ka mea, ma ke kumu, ʻaʻole i wehewehe ʻia e ka photosynthesis a mai kā lākou hoʻomaka mua ʻana hānai wale lākou i nā meaʻai meaola.
ʻO kēia ala e kiʻi ai i ka meaʻai i kōkua i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi ʻano waha no ke komo ʻana i ka meaʻai meaola. Wehewehe nā kānaka ʻepekema i ke ala pālua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai ma ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke kumu hoʻokahi o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona.
ʻO ka hana hou a me ke ola o ke ola
Hoʻohua i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo euglena aia wale nō i nā kūlana maikaʻi loa. I loko o kahi manawa pōkole, hiki i ka wai moʻo o kahi waihona ke hoʻohuli i kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma muli o ka mahele hana o kēia mau meaola maʻalahi.
ʻO ka hau a me nā euglena koko i manaʻo ʻia he ʻohana pili loa i kēia protozoan. Ke hoʻonui ka nui o kēia mau microorganism, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā phenomena kamahaʻo.
No laila, i ke kenekulia IV, ua wehewehe ʻo Aristotle i ka hau kupaianaha "koko", akā naʻe, ua kū ʻia ma muli o ka māhele hana o kēia mau microorganism. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka hau kala i nā ʻāina ʻākau he nui ma Lūkia, ʻo kahi laʻana, ma ka Urals, Kamchatka, a i ʻole kekahi mau mokupuni o ka Arctic.
He mea unpretentious ʻo Euglena a hiki ke ola i loko o nā ʻano koʻikoʻi o ka hau a me ka hau. Ke hoʻonui ʻia kēia mau meaola, lawe ka hau i ke kala o kā lākou cytoplasm. "Blooms" maoli ʻo Snow me nā ʻulaʻula a me nā kiko ʻeleʻele.
ʻO ka mea maʻalahi maʻalahi wale i ka mahele. Hoʻokaʻawale ka ʻili makuahine i kahi ʻano lonikū. ʻO ka mea mua, hele ka nucleus i ke kaʻina ʻāpana, a laila ke koena o nā meaola. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi ʻano furrow ma ke kino o ka microorganism, e hoʻokaʻawale iki i ka meaola a ka makuahine i ʻelua mau kaikamahine.
Ma lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole, ma kahi o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, hiki ke nānā ʻia ke kaʻina hana o ka cyst. I kēia hihia ʻōmaʻomaʻo amoeba a me euglena like pū kekahi me kekahi.
E like me nā amoebas, ua uhi ʻia lākou me kahi pūpū kūikawā a hele i loko o kahi ʻano hibernation. I ke ʻano o nā cist, lawe ʻia kēia mau meaola me ka lepo a hoʻi hou lākou i loko o ka wai wai e ala lākou a hoʻomaka e hoʻonui hou.
